Energy efficient lighting solutions Wilfried Pohl Bartenbach Lichtlabor

Transcription

1 Energy efficient lighting solutions ilfried Pohl Bartenbach Lichtlabor Annex 45 E3Light International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems Programme (ECBCS) Annex 45 Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings Guidebook on Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings Edited by Liisa Halonen & Eino Tetri Helsinki University of Technology Lighting Laboratory Available spring 2010! 2 1

2 orldwide electrical power consumption Primary Energy Electric Energy Lighting 33% Incandescent GLS lamps Rest of the lamps 67% Electrical power consumption of Incandescent GLS 6% of total electrical power consumption Total electric power consumption of Incandescent GLS = 153 kh/pers.yr = 33% 3 Estimated electrical light production 2005 Total light production of Incandescent GLS = 1,8 Mlmh/pers.yr = 9% 4 2

3 Estimated electrical power consumption 2005 total power consumption (worldwide) 468kh/pers.yr Total electric power consumption of Incandescent GLS = 152,6 kh/pers.yr = 33% 5 Lighting installation efficiency energy supply lamp luminaire room 6 3

4 Lighting installation efficiency energy supply lamp luminaire room 7 Lighting installation efficiency energy supply lamp luminaire room 8 4

5 Lighting installation efficiency energy supply lamp luminaire room 9 Energetic performance factors Energetic performance factors: = lamp luminaire room efficacy light output ratio utilization factor Ultimate (total) efficiency of the electric light installation 10 5

6 Candle > (O)LED 1. Generation 2. Generation 3. Generation 4. Generation LED OLED 11 GLS - bulb 12 6

7 Lamps GLS - Bulb lm/ Electric power Tungsten - halogen lm/ Compact Fluorescent lamp (CFL) lm/ Fluorescent tube (LFL) lm/ Metal halide lamp lm/ High pressure sodium lamp lm/ lumen lumen lumen lumen Luminous flux (O)LED lm/ lumen 13 Lamps GLS - Bulb lm/ Electric power Tungsten - halogen lm/ Compact Fluorescent lamp (CFL) lm/ Fluorescent tube (LFL) lm/ Metal halide lamp lm/ High pressure sodium lamp lm/ lumen lumen lumen lumen Luminous flux (O)LED < 140 lm/ forecast (O)LED 14 7

8 LED benefits LED benefits: Lifespan < h colour mixing possibility (flexible colour temperature CCT) cold spectrum (no infrared) design flexibility brilliant light due to its small size easy control and dimming safety due to low voltage operation high efficacy compared to incandescent lamps 15 Change in lighting industry Metal working > electronics 16 8

9 Lamp - Luminaire Lamp and Luminaire 17 Luminaire light output ratio Luminaire light output ratio Φ Lamp Φ Luminaire Φ Lamp Φ Luminaire 18 9

10 Radiation principles 19 Luminaire Example 20 10

11 Luminaire Example 21 Room Utilization Factor (RUF) Reflection Luminous Intensity distribution (LID) Room geometry 22 11

12 Room surfaces <-> Indirekt - portion Example: office-room A workplane /A room = 30% Additional indirect-portion over multiple reflections at the room surfaces (f indirect ) ρ mean = 0,2 > f indirect = 8% ρ mean = 0,7 > f indirect = 70%!! 23 Faults GLS - Bulb Facing black Fluorescent tubes Fluorescent tubes louver 24 12

13 Bad example 25 Bad example Inefficient lighting solution 26 13

14 Energy costs A simple appraisal (Shop): Installation costs 30,- /m 2 Installation power density 20 /m 2 operation time 3000 h/year (non-daylight space) This results in energy consumption 60 kh/m 2 year costs for electricity (0,15 /kh prize) 9,- /m 2 year costs for electricity for 10 years 90,- /m 2 In such cases the electricity costs exceed the installation costs by far! 27 Life cycle costs composition of total costs (final values) maintenance costs relamping costs installation costs energy costs Total cost 15,- /year.m

15 Life cycle costs (LCC) Investor Operator Installation costs Operation cost neglected! System decision Operation cost Biggest part! 29 Maintenance Aging Dirt Depreciation decreasing efficiency Negative effect on visual perception, human performance, safety and security, and wastes energy 30 15

16 Maintenance A regular maintenance schedule: cleaning of luminaires, daylighting devices and rooms relamping (usually before burn-out) replacement of other parts renovation resp. retrofitting of antiquated systems and components proper control (at least switch off if not needed) 31 Bad example Lack of control 32 16

17 Bad example Lack of control 33 Standards EUP-directive 34 17

18 Standards EPBD-directive 35 EN15193 Power limits Limits for connected lighting power (in /m 2 ) according to EN15193 for different building types and quality levels

19 EN15193 Energy limits Limits for energy consumption (in kh/m 2 year) according to EN15193 for different building types and quality levels 37 Measures hat can we do? 38 19

20 Measures Existing Installations 95% > 10 years 90% > 20 years > Extreme energy saving potential 39 Example Antiquated (> 20 years old) T12 Louver - Luminaire 40 20

21 Fluorescent lamp 41 Upgrade measures Office Lighting Antiquated T12 Magnetic ballast change 55% of the worldwide LFL connected power is for the antiquated T12 (38mm diameter) High frequency ballast New generation T5 16mm 26mm 38mm 42 21

22 Upgrade measures Domestic Lighting GLS-Bulb change > 80% of the connected power is for the inefficient GLS-Bulb Tungsten Halogen CFL LED 43 Upgrade measures Development of high reflective surfaces new manufacturing technologies efficiency (LOR) of luminaires reach 80% or more 44 22

23 Retrofitting: Street lighting Amsterdam Change of luminaires 45 Retrofitting: Street lighting Amsterdam 46 23

24 Daylight utilization Most effective measure to save electric lighting intelligent facade daylight construction E. g. Office building daylight for more than 70% of the working times 47 Saving potential (Source: IEA Annex 45) 48 24

25 Design & quality 49 25

26 Conclusion Recommendations for energy efficient lighting: 1.Intelligent architecture and facade constructions (use of daylight) 2.Efficient lighting concepts (high room utilization factor, e.g. bright surfaces) 3.Use of high quality luminaires and lamps 4.Proper controls (on/off, daylight, occupancy) 5.Good maintenance Bright Future! 51 Thank you! 26