Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs"

Transcription

1 How Ecosystems Work

2 Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Autotrophs make their own food so they are called PRODUCERS Heterotrophs get their food from another source so they are called CONSUMERS

3 Two Main forms of Energy for Sunlight The main source of energy for life on earth Photosynthesis Chemical Some organisms such as bacteria, rely on the energy stored in inorganic compounds Chemosynthesis Autotrophs

4 Types of Consumers Omnivores Herbivores- only eat plants Carnivores - only eat meat Eat plants and meat Detritivores and Decomposers Feeds on plant and animal remains

5 How does Energy flow through an Ecosystem? Energy flows through an ecosystem in ONE direction, sun or chemicals Autotrophs heterotrophs

6 Energy Flow in Ecosystems:

7 Feeding Relationships Food Chain steps of organisms transferring energy by eating & being eaten Food Web network of all the food chains in an ecosystem

8 Food Web

9 Ecological Pyramids Trophic Level each step in a food chain or food web Biomass Pyramid Energy Pyramid Pyramid of Numbers

10 Pyramid of Numbers -relative number of individuals at each trophic level

11 Pyramid of Biomass - amount of potential food available for each trophic level

12 Pyramid of Energy - amount of energy available at each trophic level Only 10% of the energy from each trophic level is passed on to the next level Most of the energy is used by the organisms for life processes Some of the energy is lost as heat

13 How does Matter move through an ecosystem? Unlike the one way flow of energy, matter is recycled within & between ecosystems Nutrients are passed between organisms & the environment through biogeochemical cycles Biogeochemical Cycles: Bio life Geo Earth Chemo chemical 1. WATER CYCLE 2. NUTRIENT CYCLES: a) CARBON CYCLE b) NITROGEN CYCLE c) PHOSPHORUS CYCLE

14 Why are nutrients important? Every living organism needs nutrients to build tissues and carry out essential life functions. 95% of your body is made of 1) OXYGEN 2) CARBON 3) HYDROGEN 4) NITROGEN

15 THE WATER CYCLE

16 Water Water Cycle 1 enters atmosphere by evaporation, transpiration leaves atmosphere as precipitation Water on land filters through ground runs off to lakes, rivers, ocean

17 Water Cycle 2 Aquifers underground caverns, porous layers of rock store groundwater Runoff movement of surface water from land to ocean

18 CARBON CYCLE 4 PROCESSES MOVE CARBON THROUGH ITS CYCLE: CO2 1) Biological 2) Geochemical 3) Mixed biochemical 4) Human Activity CO2

19 Carbon Cycle CO 2 gas enters plants, algae, cyanobacteria photosynthesis turns CO 2 into organic molecules Cellular respiration, combustion, erosion of limestone return CO 2 to water, atmosphere where it is again available to producers

20 NITROGEN CYCLE Nitrogen-containing nutrients in the biosphere include: 1) Ammonia (NH3) N 2 in Atmosphere 2) Nitrate (NO3-) 3) Nitrite (NO2-) ORGANISMS NEED NITROGEN TO MAKE AMINO ACIDS FOR BUILDING PROTEINS!!! NH 3 N0 3- & N02-

21 Nitrogen Cycle 1 Nitrogen fixation conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia Nitrification conversion of ammonia or ammonium to nitrate

22 Nitrogen Cycle 2 Assimilation conversion of nitrates, ammonia, or ammonium to proteins, chlorophyll, or nitrogen-containing compounds (by plants) conversion of plant proteins into animal proteins

23 Nitrogen Fixation

24 PHOSPHORUS CYCLE PHOSPHORUS FORMS PART OF IMPORTANT LIFE-SUSTAINING MOLECULES (ex. DNA & RNA)

25 Phosphorus Cycle 1 Phosphorus erodes from rock Plants absorb inorganic phosphate from soil (through roots) Animals obtain phosphorus from their diets

26 Phosphorus Cycle 2 Decomposers release inorganic phosphate into environment Phosphorus washes into ocean is deposited in seabeds lost from biological cycles for millions of years

27 Succession Succession: Changing Land, Changing Wildlife To an ecologist, the term succession refers to the predictable changes that occur in the plants and animals that live in an area over time. Pioneer species - a species which are first to live on previously uncolonized land. Example: Field - grasses

28 Succession Primary succession - the series of community changes which occur on an entirely new habitat which has never been colonized before. NO SOIL Example: Lava flow Secondary succession is the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. Examples: pond, fire ecosystems (Pine Barrens)

29 Primary Succession Example Coastal Sand Dunes

30 Secondary Succession Example Old Field

31 Secondary Succession Example NJ Pine Barrens

Summary. 3 1 What Is Ecology? 3 2 Energy Flow. Name Class Date

Summary. 3 1 What Is Ecology? 3 2 Energy Flow. Name Class Date Chapter 3 Summary The Biosphere 3 1 What Is Ecology? Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment. Earth s organisms live in the biosphere.

More information

The Biosphere Chapter 3. What Is Ecology? Section 3-1

The Biosphere Chapter 3. What Is Ecology? Section 3-1 The Biosphere Chapter 3 What Is Ecology? Section 3-1 Interactions and Interdependence Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings.

More information

Ecosystems and the Biosphere: Energy Flow Through the Ecosystem and the Recycling of Matter

Ecosystems and the Biosphere: Energy Flow Through the Ecosystem and the Recycling of Matter Name Ecosystems and the Biosphere: Energy Flow Through the Ecosystem and the Recycling of Matter Overview: An ecosystem is: All of the organisms living on Earth need to carry out life processes such as

More information

Unit 2: Ecology. Chapters 2: Principles of Ecology

Unit 2: Ecology. Chapters 2: Principles of Ecology Unit 2: Ecology Chapters 2: Principles of Ecology Ecology Probe: Answer the questions and turn it in! This is a standard aquarium with a population of fish. There is no filter in this aquarium and no one

More information

4/13/2015. The Biosphere

4/13/2015. The Biosphere The Biosphere Ecology- the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment. The word ecology was first used in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel. Biosphere- contains the

More information

Studying organisms in their environment

Studying organisms in their environment Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem? How does

More information

Section 3 1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63 65)

Section 3 1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63 65) Chapter 3 The Biosphere Section 3 1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63 65) This section identifies the different levels of organization that ecologists study. It also describes methods used to study ecology. Interactions

More information

Energy. Ecosystem. 2. Energy Transfers. 1. Energy Production. Food Chains. 2. Energy Transfers 9/13/2015. Capacity or ability to do work

Energy. Ecosystem. 2. Energy Transfers. 1. Energy Production. Food Chains. 2. Energy Transfers 9/13/2015. Capacity or ability to do work Ecosystem Energy 1 2 An ecosystem is a self-supporting unit. There are 4 processes that continually take place. 1. Energy Production 4. Recycling Capacity or ability to do work Flows through ecosystems

More information

Interest Grabber. Levels Within Levels

Interest Grabber. Levels Within Levels Interest Grabber Section 3-1 Levels Within Levels An ecosystem is a collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. Within an ecosystem,

More information

13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships. KEY CONCEPT Ecology is the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment.

13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships. KEY CONCEPT Ecology is the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment. 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships KEY CONCEPT Ecology is the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment. 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Ecologists study environments at different

More information

10/17/ Cycles of Matter. Recycling in the Biosphere. How does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem?

10/17/ Cycles of Matter. Recycling in the Biosphere. How does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem? 2 of 33 3-3 Cycles of Matter How does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem? 3 of 33 Recycling in the Biosphere Recycling in the Biosphere Energy and matter move through the

More information

Ch. 4 Ecosystems. Biology I Loulousis

Ch. 4 Ecosystems. Biology I Loulousis Ch. 4 Ecosystems Biology I Loulousis Objectives 1.) Define ecology, ecosystem, and succession 2.) Identify and distinguish between the levels of organization in ecology 3.)Distinguish between primary and

More information

Multiple Choice. Name Class Date

Multiple Choice. Name Class Date Chapter 3 The Biosphere Chapter Test A Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. Which of the following descriptions about the

More information

3 3 Cycles of Matter Slide 1 of 33

3 3 Cycles of Matter Slide 1 of 33 1 of 33 Recycling in the Biosphere Recycling in the Biosphere Energy and matter move through the biosphere very differently. Unlike the one-way flow of energy, matter is recycled within and between ecosystems.

More information

3 3 Cycles of Matter

3 3 Cycles of Matter 3 3 Cycles of Matter Recycling in the Biosphere Energy - one way flow matter - recycled within and between ecosystems. biogeochemical cycles matter Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms passed

More information

Ecology: Part 2. Biology Mrs. Bradbury

Ecology: Part 2. Biology Mrs. Bradbury Ecology: Part 2 Biology Mrs. Bradbury Model 1: Food Chains Food Chain simple model showing the movement of matter and energy through ecosystems. Autotrophs Heterotrophs Decomposers Arrows show energy transfer

More information

Summary. 3-1 What Is Ecology? 3-2 Energy Flow Chapter 3 The Biosphere. Class. Name

Summary. 3-1 What Is Ecology? 3-2 Energy Flow Chapter 3 The Biosphere. Class. Name Name Class --------------------------- Date ----------- Chapter 3 The Biosphere Summary 3-1 What Is Ecology? Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their

More information

What is Ecology? The study of the interactions between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their environment.

What is Ecology? The study of the interactions between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their environment. Chapter 18 What is Ecology? The study of the interactions between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their environment. What is Biodiversity? Biodiversity is the sum

More information

CYCLES OF MATTER NATURAL WORLD

CYCLES OF MATTER NATURAL WORLD CYCLES OF MATTER NATURAL WORLD Objectives Describe how matter cycles between the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Explain why nutrients are important in living systems. Describe how the availability

More information

Reinforcement Unit 5 Resource Book

Reinforcement Unit 5 Resource Book 13.1 ECOLOGISTS STUDY RELATIONSHIPS KEY CONCEPT Ecology is the study of the relationships among organisms and their environment. Ecology is the study of interactions among living things, and between living

More information

ECOLOGY Energy Flow Packet 2 of 4

ECOLOGY Energy Flow Packet 2 of 4 ECOLOGY Energy Flow Packet 2 of 4 3 2 Energy Flow Producers Where does the energy for life processes come from? Producers Producers Without a constant input of energy, living systems cannot function. Sunlight

More information

We share the Earth. Ecology & Environmental Issues

We share the Earth. Ecology & Environmental Issues We share the Earth Ecology & Environmental Issues 1 with a whole lot of other creatures We don t share very well. 2 Ecology Putting it all together study of interactions between creatures & their environment,

More information

Studying organisms in their environment

Studying organisms in their environment Ecosystems (Ch. 3) Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How does energy move through the

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 33 2 of 33 3-3 Cycles of Matter How does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem? 3 of 33 Recycling in the Biosphere Recycling in the Biosphere Energy and matter move

More information

1. Energy to do work 2. Raw material to build/repair things (nutrients)

1. Energy to do work 2. Raw material to build/repair things (nutrients) 1. Energy to do work 2. Raw material to build/repair things (nutrients) Living things are built from water Nutrients: carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen 3. Essential nutrients are cycled through environment

More information

Name Hour. Section 3-1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63-65) Interactions and Interdependence (page 63) 1. What is ecology?

Name Hour. Section 3-1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63-65) Interactions and Interdependence (page 63) 1. What is ecology? Name Hour Section 3-1 What Is Ecology? (pages 63-65) Interactions and Interdependence (page 63) 1. What is ecology? 2. What does the biosphere contain? _ Levels of Organization (page 64) 3. Why do ecologists

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 33 2 of 33 Recycling in the Biosphere Recycling in the Biosphere Energy and matter move through the biosphere very differently. Unlike the one-way flow of energy, matter is recycled within

More information

Ecology, the Environment, and Us

Ecology, the Environment, and Us BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 23 Ecology, the Environment, and Us Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University

More information

Cycles of Matter. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Cycles of Matter. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cycles of Matter 1 of 33 The purpose of this lesson is to learn the water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. This PowerPoint will provide most of the required information you need to accomplish

More information

Chapter 2. Table of Contents. Section 1 Organisms and Their Releationships. Section 2 Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem. Section 3 Cycling of Matter

Chapter 2. Table of Contents. Section 1 Organisms and Their Releationships. Section 2 Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem. Section 3 Cycling of Matter Ecosystems Table of Contents Section 1 Organisms and Their Releationships Section 2 Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem Section 3 Cycling of Matter Section 1 Organisms and Their Releationships Interactions

More information

Ecosystems Section 1 What Is an Ecosystem? Objectives Distinguish Describe Sequence Interactions of Organisms and Their Environment Ecology Habitat

Ecosystems Section 1 What Is an Ecosystem? Objectives Distinguish Describe Sequence Interactions of Organisms and Their Environment Ecology Habitat Name Period Ecosystems Section 1 What Is an Ecosystem? Objectives Distinguish an ecosystem from a community. Describe the diversity of a representative ecosystem. Sequence the process of succession. Interactions

More information

Lesson Overview. What is Ecology? Lesson Overview. 3.1 What Is Ecology?

Lesson Overview. What is Ecology? Lesson Overview. 3.1 What Is Ecology? Lesson Overview 3.1 What Is Ecology? Studying Our Living Planet The biosphere consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere. The

More information

3.4 Cycles of Matter. Recycling in the Biosphere. Lesson Objectives. Lesson Summary

3.4 Cycles of Matter. Recycling in the Biosphere. Lesson Objectives. Lesson Summary 3.4 Cycles of Matter Lesson Objectives Describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Describe how water cycles through the biosphere. Explain why nutrients are important

More information

Another cause of diversity may be the creation of different habitats within a region by periodic disturbance A community that forms if the land is

Another cause of diversity may be the creation of different habitats within a region by periodic disturbance A community that forms if the land is Another cause of diversity may be the creation of different habitats within a region by periodic disturbance A community that forms if the land is undisturbed and that perpetuates itself for as long as

More information

EQ: How are nutrients recycled throughout the environment?

EQ: How are nutrients recycled throughout the environment? EQ: How are nutrients recycled throughout the environment? Biogeochemical Cycles Recall that matter is neither created nor destroyed; but it can transform and be passed on. Biogeochemical cycles: how water,

More information

Qa iss. Q; How do Earth's living and nonliving parts interact and affect the survival of organisms?

Qa iss. Q; How do Earth's living and nonliving parts interact and affect the survival of organisms? Name. mm Qa iss Date 3 The Biosphere Matter of Energy> Interdependence in Nature Q; How do Earth's living and nonliving parts interact and affect the survival of organisms? WHAT I KNOW WHAT i LEARNED 3.1

More information

II. Needs of Organisms. Biosphere A. All parts of the earth that contains and support life 1. Geosphere 2. Atmosphere 3.

II. Needs of Organisms. Biosphere A. All parts of the earth that contains and support life 1. Geosphere 2. Atmosphere 3. I. Earth s Spheres A. Hydrosphere: Water part of the planet B. Atmosphere: Gas part of the earth C. Biosphere: Life part of the earth D. Geosphere: Rock/Soil part of the earth E. Mr. Wright s famous saying,

More information

NOTES: CH 3 - Introduction to ECOLOGY / the BIOSPHERE

NOTES: CH 3 - Introduction to ECOLOGY / the BIOSPHERE NOTES: CH 3 Introduction to ECOLOGY / the BIOSPHERE Ecology Parasitism Habitat Biotic vs. abiotic factors Biosphere Population Community Predation Niche Ecosystem *ECOLOGY = the scientific study of Ecology

More information

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Life Depends on the Sun Energy from the sun enters an ecosystem when plants use sunlight to make sugar molecules. This happens through

More information

Lesson Overview. Cycles of Matter. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter

Lesson Overview. Cycles of Matter. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter Lesson Overview 3.4 THINK ABOUT IT A handful of elements combine to form the building blocks of all known organisms. Organisms cannot manufacture these elements and do not use them up, so where do essential

More information

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Life Depends on the Sun Energy from the sun enters an ecosystem when plants use sunlight to make sugar molecules. This happens through

More information

Cycles of Ma,er. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter

Cycles of Ma,er. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter Lesson Overview Cycles of Ma,er Lesson Overview 3.4 Cycles of Matter THINK ABOUT IT A handful of elements combine to form the building blocks of all known organisms. Organisms cannot manufacture these

More information

Lesson Overview. Cycles of Matter. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter

Lesson Overview. Cycles of Matter. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter Lesson Overview 3.4 THINK ABOUT IT A handful of elements combine to form the building blocks of all known organisms. Organisms cannot manufacture these elements and do not use them up, so..where do essential

More information

Ecosystems. Studying Organisms In Their Environment. Division Ave. High School AP Biology. organism. population. community. ecosystem.

Ecosystems. Studying Organisms In Their Environment. Division Ave. High School AP Biology. organism. population. community. ecosystem. Ecosystems Studying Organisms In Their Environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere 1 Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem?

More information

AP Biology. Ecosystems

AP Biology. Ecosystems Ecosystems Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem?

More information

3 3 Cycles of Matter. EOC Review

3 3 Cycles of Matter. EOC Review EOC Review A freshwater plant is placed in a salt marsh. Predict the direction in which water will move across the plant s cell wall, and the effect of that movement on the plant. a. Water would move out

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 41. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 41. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 41 2 of 41 Producers Where does the energy for life processes come from? 3 of 41 Producers Producers Without a constant input of energy, living systems cannot function. Sunlight is the main

More information

Name Class Date. 1. What is at the core of every organism s interaction with the environment?

Name Class Date. 1. What is at the core of every organism s interaction with the environment? Name Class Date Section 3-2 Energy Flow (Pages 67-73) Producers 1. What is at the core of every organism s interaction with the environment? 2. What source of energy do organisms use if they don t use

More information

Ecosystems. Trophic relationships determine the routes of energy flow and chemical cycling in ecosystems.

Ecosystems. Trophic relationships determine the routes of energy flow and chemical cycling in ecosystems. AP BIOLOGY ECOLOGY ACTIVITY #5 Ecosystems NAME DATE HOUR An ecosystem consists of all the organisms living in a community as well as all the abiotic factors with which they interact. The dynamics of an

More information

Ecology Part 2. Living Environment

Ecology Part 2. Living Environment Ecology Part 2 Living Environment Recycling in the Biosphere Matter is recycled within and between ecosystems Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another

More information

5/6/2015. Matter is recycled within and between ecosystems.

5/6/2015. Matter is recycled within and between ecosystems. Biogeochemical Cycles/ Nutrient Cycles Biogeochemical Cycle Evaporation Water Cycle Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Runoff Vocabulary Seepage Root Uptake Carbon Cycle Phosphorus Cycle Nitrogen

More information

AP Biology. Ecosystems

AP Biology. Ecosystems Ecosystems Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem?

More information

AP Biology. Ecosystems

AP Biology. Ecosystems Ecosystems Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem?

More information

10/18/2010 THINK ABOUT IT CHAPTER 3 THE BIOSHPERE RECYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE RECYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE

10/18/2010 THINK ABOUT IT CHAPTER 3 THE BIOSHPERE RECYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE RECYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE THINK ABOUT IT CHAPTER 3 THE BIOSHPERE 3.4 Mrs. Michaelsen A handful of elements combine to form the building blocks of all known organisms. Organisms cannot manufacture these elements and do not use them

More information

Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology DAY ONE

Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology DAY ONE Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology DAY ONE What is Ecology? It is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings. The Nonliving Environment

More information

Interactions in Ecosystems I. Ecosystem. Interactions in Ecosystems I. Ecosystem

Interactions in Ecosystems I. Ecosystem. Interactions in Ecosystems I. Ecosystem I. Ecosystem A. Definition A unit of nature in which nutrients are cycled and energy flows. B. Abiotic factors: non-living components of the ecosystem. 1. Soil ph, salinity, temperature, texture. 2. Water

More information

Warm Up. What process do plants use to make sugar? What is chemosynthesis? What is transpiration?

Warm Up. What process do plants use to make sugar? What is chemosynthesis? What is transpiration? Warm Up What process do plants use to make sugar? What is chemosynthesis? What is transpiration? Check your answers: What process do plants use to make sugar? photosynthesis What is chemosynthesis? Organisms

More information

Ecosystems Full of Matter, Energy, and Entropy

Ecosystems Full of Matter, Energy, and Entropy Living Environment Ecosystems Ecosystems Full of Matter, Energy, and Entropy 2017-07-18 www.njctl.org Table of Contents: Ecosystems Full of Matter, Energy, and Entropy Click on a topic to go to that section

More information

How to Use This Presentation

How to Use This Presentation How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select View on the menu bar and click on Slide Show. To advance through the presentation, click the right-arrow key or

More information

Producers. living systems need energy to function. autotrophs. Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth.

Producers. living systems need energy to function. autotrophs. Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth. Producers living systems need energy to function. Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth. sources of energy sunlight inorganic chemical compounds. autotrophs. capture energy from sunlight

More information

8/7/ Levels of organization- biologist study nature on different levels, from a local to global scale a. Organism- a individual living thing

8/7/ Levels of organization- biologist study nature on different levels, from a local to global scale a. Organism- a individual living thing 8/7/18 UNIT 5: ECOLOGY Chapter 13: The Principles of Ecology I. Ecologists Study Relationships (13.1) A. Ecologists study environments at different levels of organization 1. Ecology- study of the interactions

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 41. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 41. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 41 2 of 41 Producers Where does the energy for life processes come from? 3 of 41 Producers Producers Without a constant input of energy, living systems cannot function. Sunlight is the main

More information

Chapter 4. Ecosystems

Chapter 4. Ecosystems Chapter 4 Ecosystems Chapter 4 Section 1: What Is an Ecosystem Key Vocabulary Terms 7 Adapted from Holt Biology 2008 Community A group of various species that live in the same habitat and interact with

More information

Study Guide A. Answer Key. Principles of Ecology

Study Guide A. Answer Key. Principles of Ecology Principles of Ecology Answer Key SECTION 1. ECOLOGISTS STUDY RELATIONSHIPS 1. organism 2. population 3. community 4. ecosystem 5. biome 6. Observation 7. indirect 8. laboratory 9. field 10. model 11. Ecology

More information

AP Biology. Ecosystems

AP Biology. Ecosystems Ecosystems Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions! What limits the production in ecosystems?! How do nutrients move through the ecosystem?!

More information

AP Biology. Ecosystems

AP Biology. Ecosystems Ecosystems Studying organisms in their environment organism population community ecosystem biosphere Essential questions What limits the production in ecosystems? How do nutrients move in the ecosystem?

More information

Intro to Ecology. Chapter 18

Intro to Ecology. Chapter 18 Intro to Ecology Chapter 18 Interdependence: A Key Theme in Ecology Ecology- study of the interactions of living organisms w/ one another and w/ their physical environment (soil, water,weather) Interdependence:

More information

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Life Depends on the Sun Energy from the sun enters an ecosystem when plants use sunlight to make sugar molecules. This happens through

More information

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1

How Ecosystems Work Section 1. Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems DAY 1 Life Depends on the Sun Energy from the sun enters an ecosystem when plants use sunlight to make sugar molecules. This happens through

More information

What does each part of the equation mean? q=cm T

What does each part of the equation mean? q=cm T Assignment #10 Energy Pyramids LO: I can define trophic levels and explain the energy flow. I can apply those ideas to food webs EQ: Where does all the energy from the sun go? (4-5 sentences) LEVEL ZERO

More information

Chapter 34 Nature of Ecosystems. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 34 Nature of Ecosystems. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 34 Nature of Ecosystems 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 34.1 The Biotic Components of Ecosystems Ecosystems Abiotic components include

More information

Chapter 5: How Ecosystems Work Section 1, Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Chapter 5: How Ecosystems Work Section 1, Energy Flow in Ecosystems Life Depends on the Sun Chapter 5: How Ecosystems Work Section 1, Energy Flow in Ecosystems Energy from the sun enters an ecosystem when plants use sunlight to make sugar molecules. This happens through

More information

The rest of this article describes four biogeochemical cycles: the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and phosphorous cycle.

The rest of this article describes four biogeochemical cycles: the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and phosphorous cycle. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES The chemical elements and water that are needed by living things keep recycling over and over on Earth. These cycles are called biogeochemical cycles. They pass back and forth through

More information

3 2 Energy Flow Slide 1 of 41

3 2 Energy Flow Slide 1 of 41 1 of 41 Producers Producers Without a constant input of energy, living systems cannot function. Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth. 2 of 41 Producers In a few ecosystems, some organisms

More information

Ecology Part 2: How Ecosystems Work

Ecology Part 2: How Ecosystems Work Ecology Part 2: How Ecosystems Work Name: Unit 2 1 In this second part of Unit 2, our big idea questions are: SECTION 1 How is energy transferred from the Sun to producers and then to consumers? Why do

More information

Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. Tuesday, September 19, 17

Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. Tuesday, September 19, 17 Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology Reversing Deforestation in Haiti Answers the following: Why is deforestation in Haiti so common? What the negative impacts of deforestation? Name three actions intended counteract

More information

10/17/ Energy Flow. Producers. Where does the energy for life processes come from?

10/17/ Energy Flow. Producers. Where does the energy for life processes come from? 2 of 41 Where does the energy for life processes come from? 3 of 41 Without a constant input of energy, living systems cannot function. Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth. 4 of 41 1 Only

More information

Environmental Science Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Environmental Science Energy Flow in Ecosystems Environmental Science Energy Flow in Ecosystems Name: Date: 1. Match the following fill in the blanks 1. Biodegration 2. Biomass 3. Consumer 4. Decomposers 5.Decomposition 6. Energy Flow 7. Food Chains

More information

Chp Practice Test

Chp Practice Test Name: Chp 3.1-3.3 Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is NOT a basic method used by ecologists to study

More information

The Biosphere and Biogeochemical Cycles

The Biosphere and Biogeochemical Cycles The Biosphere and Biogeochemical Cycles The Earth consists of 4 overlapping layers: Lithosphere Hydrosphere (and cryosphere) Atmosphere Biosphere The Biosphere The biosphere is the layer of life around

More information

Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling

Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling Systems in the Environment are not Independent of one Another Central Case Study: The Vanishing Oysters of the Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake

More information

Biology Slide 1 of 41

Biology Slide 1 of 41 Biology 1 of 41 2 of 41 Objectives: You will Create food webs that follow the flow of energy through an ecosystem 3 of 41 Vocabulary autotroph producer photosynthesis chemosynthesis heterotroph consumer

More information

Ecological Organization Intro to Enviro Expo Part 1

Ecological Organization Intro to Enviro Expo Part 1 Ecological Organization Intro to Enviro Expo Part 1 Key Concepts From way back in Biology: interactions within and among populations nutrient cycling with energy flow through ecosystems; the effects of

More information

Chapter 55: Ecosystems

Chapter 55: Ecosystems Chapter 55: Ecosystems You Must Know: How energy flows through the ecosystem (food chains and food webs) The difference between gross primary productivity and net primary productivity. The carbon and nitrogen

More information

CHAPTER ENERGY!

CHAPTER ENERGY! CHAPTER 8.1 ENERGY! 8.1 What is energy? Energy- The ability to do work Thermodynamics- is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe. *All cells need energy for many Functions that

More information

Chapter 15: Ecosystem Dynamics

Chapter 15: Ecosystem Dynamics Chapter 15: Ecosystem Dynamics Lecture Outline Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill. 1 15-1 What is ecology? Ecology is the branch of

More information

How Ecosystems Work Section 2

How Ecosystems Work Section 2 Objectives List the three stages of the carbon cycle. Describe where fossil fuels are located. Identify one way that humans are affecting the carbon cycle. List the tree stages of the nitrogen cycle. Describe

More information

Chapter 55: Ecosystems

Chapter 55: Ecosystems Ch. 55 Warm-Up 1. Draw an energy pyramid and label the following trophic levels: Primary producer Primary consumer Secondary consumer Tertiary consumer 2. What is an example of an organism at each level

More information

Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment

Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment Chapter 3 and 4 Study Guide Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment This includes both biotic and abiotic factors- biotic factors are living

More information

Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems Section 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems Preview Classroom Catalyst Objectives Life Depends on the Sun From Producers to Consumers An Exception: Deep-Ocean Ecosystems What Eats What Cellular Respiration: Burning

More information

UNIT 1 SUSTAINING ECOSYSTEMS

UNIT 1 SUSTAINING ECOSYSTEMS UNIT 1 SUSTAINING ECOSYSTEMS Chapter 2 Biogeochemical Cycles Science 10 Change & Recovery in Ecosystems (you do not need to copy) What happens to the materials that make up a truck when it begins to rust?

More information

Nutrient Cycles How are nutrients recycled through ecosystems?

Nutrient Cycles How are nutrients recycled through ecosystems? Nutrient Cycles How are nutrients recycled through ecosystems? Why? We have learned the importance of recycling our trash. It allows us to use something again for another purpose and prevents the loss

More information

Biogeochemical Cycles: Ecosystem Recycling

Biogeochemical Cycles: Ecosystem Recycling Biogeochemical Cycles: Ecosystem Recycling Energy and chemical compounds flow through the ecosystem WATER NITROGEN CARBON PHOSPHORUS are RECYCLED!!! They move through a BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE: They move

More information

The Carbon Cycle. Goal Use this page to review the carbon cycle. CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-19 DATE: NAME: CLASS:

The Carbon Cycle. Goal Use this page to review the carbon cycle. CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-19 DATE: NAME: CLASS: CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-19 The Carbon Cycle Goal Use this page to review the carbon cycle. CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-20 The Carbon Cycle Concept Map Goal Use this page to make a concept map about the carbon cycle. What

More information

COMMUNITIES & ECOSYSTEMS. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. unless otherwise noted

COMMUNITIES & ECOSYSTEMS. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. unless otherwise noted COMMUNITIES & ECOSYSTEMS Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. unless otherwise noted COMMUNITIES & ECOSYSTEMS Ecosystem = groups of organisms living together

More information

1. a. Review. What are the six different major levels of organization, from smallest to largest, that ecologists commonly study?

1. a. Review. What are the six different major levels of organization, from smallest to largest, that ecologists commonly study? GRADE 12 BIOLOGY UNIT E ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION PRACTICE QUESTIONS Name: Date: Section 3.1 What is Ecology Review Key Concepts 1. a. Review. What are the six different major levels of organization, from

More information

CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTS OF ECOLOGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTS OF ECOLOGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTS OF ECOLOGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES Environmental Engineering Zerihun A. (AAiT-CED) Environment component Interaction Ecosystem Ecology can be defined as the study of relationships between

More information

ANSWER KEY - Ecology Review Packet

ANSWER KEY - Ecology Review Packet ANSWER KEY - Ecology Review Packet OBJECTIVE 1: Ecosystem Structure 1. What is the definition of an abiotic factor? Give one example. A nonliving part of an ecosystem. Example: water 2. What is the definition

More information

How Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles

How Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles How Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles Bubble in your ID and the answer to the 25 questions. You can look up the answers to these question on line. 1. The flow of solar energy through an

More information

Section 2: The Cycling of Materials

Section 2: The Cycling of Materials Section 2: The Cycling of Materials Preview Bellringer Objectives The Carbon Cycle How Humans Affect the Carbon Cycle The Nitrogen Cycle Decomposers and the Nitrogen Cycle The Phosphorus Cycle Section

More information