Nonrenewable Energy Resources. Energy: Conservation and Transfer

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1 Nonrenewable Energy Resources Energy: Conservation and Transfer

2 Warm up 1. Which form of energy does a battery store? a. Nuclear energy b. Thermal energy c. Chemical energy d. Electrical energy 2. When moving air strikes the blades of a windmill, it causes the blades to turn. What form of energy do the moving blades have? a. Mechanical b. Chemical c. Electrical d. Electromagnetic 3. Which of the following energy changes happens in an electric lamp? a. Electric energy turns into chemical changes. b. Thermal energy turns into electrical energy. c. Electrical energy turns into mechanical energy. d. Electrical energy turns into electromagnetic energy. 4. Which of these changes happens when you run? a. Mechanical energy is changed to chemical energy. b. Chemical energy is changed to mechanical energy. c. Energy is used up and lost. d. Your body makes new energy.

3 Introduction Humans use large amounts of energy to power cars, heat homes, and produce electricity. That energy comes from resources found in nature. Humans choices and use of energy resources affect the environment, or surroundings, of all living things.

4 Types of Energy Resources Energy resources can be classified as either nonrenewable or renewable. Nonrenewable energy resource is used much faster than it can be replaced. Renewable energy resource either can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used up.

5 Nonrenewable Energy Resources Nonrenewable mean that it takes too long (millions of years to form) Most of the energy used in the US comes from fossil fuels. Fossil fuel is an energy resource that formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animals. Three major forms of fossil fuels: Coal Oil Natural gas

6 How the fossil fuels form? Fossil fuels are fuels formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.the age they were formed is called the Carboniferous Period, part of the Paleozoic Era. The basic element in coal and other fossil fuels is carbon.

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8 Two problems with the fossil fuels: 1. The supply is limited 2. Obtaining and using them causes environmental problems.

9 Coal Coal is a solid fossil fuel that formed from decayed plants that lived millions of years ago. Coal is burned in many power plants.

10 Coal: Pros & Cons Coal provides around 28% of our energy. Burning coal produces sulfur dioxide, an acid gas that contributes to the formation of acid rain. Coal mining can damage land and pollute nearby water supplies. Also can be difficult and dangerous. Strip mining destroys large areas of the landscape. This can be avoided using flue gas desulphurization to clean up the gases before they are released into the atmosphere.

11 Crude Oil or Petroleum Petroleum is a liquid fossil fuel that is known as crude oil. It formed from ancient sea organisms. The gasoline burned in car engines is made from oil. Propane, which is often burned to heat homes or cook food, is also made from oil.

12 Crude Oil or Petroleum: Pros & Cons Is easier to get out of the ground than coal, as it can flow along pipes. Cheaper to transport Provides 40% of our energy Produces carbon dioxide when it burn. Cause pollution

13 Natural Gas Natural gas is a fossil fuel found along with petroleum. It is used in stoves, furnaces, water heaters, clothes dryers, and other appliances.

14 Natural Gas: Pros & Cons Natural gas provides around 20% of the world s consumption of energy. Used by many people to heat their homes and as well as being burnt in power stations. It s easy to transport along pipes, and gas power stations produce comparatively little pollution.

15 Nonrenewable Energy Resources Advantages Disadvantages - Produce large amounts of energy when fossil fuel are burned. - Fossil fuel use can cause pollution. - Burning fossil fuels causes air pollution. - Releases carbon dioxide causing or adding to global warming and climate change. - Contribute to the greenhouse effect.

16 Summary Nonrenewable resources are exhaustible because they are being extracted and used at a much faster rate than the rate at which they were formed. Fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) are nonrenewable. Fossil fuels exist in a fixed amount and can only be replaced by processes that take millions of years. Nonrenewable Resources Summary Video

17 Activity: In your notebook or paper answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. Describe the three main outputs of fossil fuels. 2. Some scientists claim that fossil fuels are technically renewable. Why? 3. Identify at least 2 pros (positive) and 2 cons (negatives) for each type of fossil fuel. a. Coal b. Oil c. Natural Gas 4. Do you think our consumption of fossil fuels has nearly doubled every 20 years since 1900? Explain.

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