Current Indonesia s ENERGY SITUATION

Transcription

1 Current Indonesia s ENERGY SITUATION Seminar on COGEN 3: A Business Facilitator Inter-Continental Hotel Jakarta, Indonesia August 2002 Dr. Ferdi Ardiansyah Country Co-ordinator

2 SOCIAL ECONOMIC PARAMETERS 2001 POPULATION : 213 (million) GDP (BILLION (nominal)) : 137 (billion US$) GDP/CAPITA (nominal) : US $ 643 PRIMARY ENERGY CONSP. : MBOE FINALENERGY CONSP. : MBOE INSTALLED CAPACITY : 37,748 MW PEAK LOAD : 16,210 MW ELEC. PRODUCTION : 101,104 GWh ELECTRICITY SOLD : 84,883 GWh KWh CONSP./CAPITA : 473 (KWh/CAP) AVRG. KWh Tariff : 3.94 (US Cent/KWh)

3 PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCES 2001 Coal 13% Hydro 4% 1% Geo thermal N. Gas 25% 57% Oil Total Primary Energy Consumption : MBOE

4 Growth of Primary Energy Consumption (Thousand BOE) Geothermal Hydropower Kilo BOE Coal Natural GAS Oil Tahun Growth rate = 10 % pa High role of oil

5 FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCES 2001 CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR INDUSTRY RESIDENCE TRANSPORT Million BOE TOTAL OIL NATURAL GAS COAL LPG ELECTRICITY 76.7(48%) 36.6(23%) 22.1(14%) 2.4(1.5%) 21.9(14%) 83.8(71%) 0.2(0.2%) 0.2(0.1%) 6.4(5.4%) 27.8(23.5%) 160.7(99.89%) 0.2(0.11%) 0.0 (0%) 0.0 (0%) 0.0 (0%) 321.3(73.2%) 37.0(8.4%) 22.3(5.1%) 8.8(2.0%) 49.6(11.3%) TOTAL 159.8(100%) 118.3(100%) 160.9(100%) (100%)

6 SHARE OF FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCES 2001 (Electricity) (LPG) 11% 2% (Coal) 5% (Gas) 8% 74% (Oil)

7 Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration DEMAND FOR FINAL ENERGY BY SECTOR (Kilo BOE) 160, , ,000 Kilo BOE 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20, Residence Industry Transport 1970, residential sector consumed the biggest share of energy 1984, industrial sector consumed the biggest share of energy 1997, transport sector consumes the biggest share of energy

8 SHARE OF FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR 2001 Transportation 37% Industry 36% 27% Residence

9 Energy Intensity in Various Countries NEGARA United States Japan German ,14 0, Indonesia Thailand Malaysia Singapore ENERGY INTENSITY = Energy Consumption (TOE) GDP* (Million USD) *) 1995 Price constant

10 Generating Capacity by Owner 2001 STATE UTILITY (PLN) : 20,930 MW INDEPENDENT POWER (IPPs) : 2,962 MW CAPTIVE POWER : 13,856 MW TOTAL INSTALLEDCAPACITY : 37,748 MW

11 Generating Capacity by Owner 2001 Captive Power 37% 8% IPP 55% PLN

12 GENERATING CAPACITY BY FUEL SOURCES N. Gas 14% Hydro Power 2001 Geo thermal 8% 2% 19% Coal 57% Oil Total Generating Capacity : 37,746 MW

13 PLN INSTALLED CAPACITY BY TYPE OF POWER PLANT IN 2000 Hydro Geothermal Steam Oil Steam Coal Steam Nat.gas Diesel Gas turbine Nat.gas turbine Combined cycle Combined cycle Total (MW) 3, , , , , , ,761.7 PRODUCTION OF PLN ELECTRIC ENERGY BY TYPE OF POWER PLANT IN 2000 Hydro Geothermal Steam Oil Steam Coal Steam Nat.gas Diesel Gas turbine Nat.gas turbine Combined cycle Combined cycle Total (GWh) 9, , , , , , , ,116 4, , ,503.5

14 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF JAVA 500 KV SURALAYA SCPP BALARAJA M.TAWAR KEMBANGANCCPP & GTPP CILEGON CAWANG BEKASI GANDUL CIBATU DEPOK III CIBINONG CIRATA HEPP CIREBON SAGULING HEPP BDNG SELATAN TASIKMALAYA JAVA SEA UNGARAN TANJUNG JATI B PURWODADI BABAT GRESIK CCPP KRIAN SURABAYA SELATAN N KLATEN KEDIRI GRATI CCPP PAITON SCPP HINDIA OCEAN GILIMANUK N O T E KAPAL : EXISTING : ON GOING PROJECT : PLAN : JAVA-BALI OHL

15

16 COGENERATION PLANTS Statistical report on Cogeneration plant is not available. Some of existing cogeneration plants (<100 MW): Type of Industry Fertilizer Pulp and Paper Others Company s Name P.T. Pupuk Kujang P.T. PUSRI P.T. Pupuk Kaltim P.T. ASEAN Fertilizer P.T. Iskandar Muda P.T. Lonthar-Tanjung Jebung P.T. Suparma P.T. Riau Andalas P.T. Tjiwi Kimia P.T. Surabaya Agung P.T. Cogindo Capacity (MW) n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a 3,7

17 NATURAL GAS DEMAND BY SECTOR 2000 Industry Residence Transport Electricity Generation 36,602 Thousand BOE 213 Thousand BOE 171 Thousand BOE 228,834 MMSCF

18 ENERGY PRICING Coal = US $ /tone (market mechanism) Oil products (100%) Gasoline = Rp 1,735 /L ADO = Rp 1,700 /L Phasing out IDO = Rp 1,730 /L subsidy Kerosene = Rp 1,720 /L in 2004 Fired Oil = Rp 1,450 /L Gas = US$ /mmbtu Electricity = Rp 450 /kwh Oil products (75%) ADO = Rp 1,325 /L IDO = Rp 1,300 /L Kerosene = Rp 1,290 /L Fired oil = Rp 1,090 /L Kerosene = Rp 600/L for residential sector

19 Energy Sector Legislation Oil and Gas = enactment in 2001 Electricity = under deliberation (2002) Coal = Government regulation New and Renewable Energy = NA

20 Principle Differences Between Law No.15/1985 and the draft of new Electricity Law Law No. 15/1985 Electricity supply is carried out by the Authority of Electricity Business (PKUK) inclusive social mission Tariff and subsidy are set by the Government Market structure : Monopolistic Industrial structure: Vertically integrated The Government regulates electricity industry Draft of new Electricity Law Electricity supply is carried out by Holder of License of Electricity Business (PIUPTL) Tariff is based on market mechanism Subsidy is set by the Government Market structure : Competitive and Monopolistic Industrial structure: Competitive : Unbundled Non Competitive : Vertically Integrated Regulation: Competitive : Regulatory Body Non Competitive : Government

21 Draft of New Electricity Law The Government and Parliament (DPR) have completed their deliberation of the draft Electricity Law in July 2002; The Government and DPR will continue to finalize the draft specifically editing and synchronizing; The main features of the draft law include the regulatory body, promotion of market competition, unbundling of business activities, role of government (central and local).