Energy Storage for micro- and minigrids in urban and rural Africa. Maxine Ghavi, Group SVP, Program Director Microgrid, ABB

Transcription

1 Energy Storage for micro- and minigrids in urban and rural Africa Maxine Ghavi, Group SVP, Program Director Microgrid, ABB

2 Energy and grid transformation Transition from a centralized to a distributed grid Traditional grid New grid New developments are accelerating the transition December 5, 2017 Slide 2

3 Energy and grid transformation Global trend Big shift in the electrical value chain Generation mix Renewable share: ~40% of capacity by 2035 Greater volatility, less predictability More feed-in nodes Power transmission and distribution Increasing complexity Control/ information flow is key value driver Transmission: Longer distances, higher voltages Micro-/ Nanogrids On-and off-grid Control/ automation on local level Energy storage is key December 5, 2017 Slide 3 DER: Distributed Energy Resources

4 Microgrid Generation at the point of consumption and always available Microgrid definition Distributed energy resources and loads that can be operated in a controlled, coordinated way either connected to the main power grid or in islanded * mode. Solar PV power plant Wind power plant Remote asset management and data analytics Commercial loads Microgrids are low or medium voltage grids without power transmission capabilities and are typically not geographically spread out. Conventional power Grid connection Distributed control system Advanced power distribution and protection Industrial loads Residential loads Modular scalable energy storage and grid stabilization December 5, 2017 Slide 4 Islanded mode: ability to provide power independently from the main power grid

5 Grid-connected Weak grid Off-grid Microgrid segments and main drivers Covering a diverse range of applications Main drivers Social Economic Environmental Operational Segments Typical customers Access to electricity Fuel & cost savings Reduce CO2 footprint Fuel independence Uninterrupted supply Island utilities (Local) utility, IPP* ( ) Remote communities (Local) utility, IPP, Governmental development institution, development bank Industrial and commercial Mining company, IPP, Oil & Gas company, Datacenter, Hotels & resorts, Food & Beverage ( ) Defense Governmental defense institution ( ) ( ) Urban communities (Local) utility, IPP ( ) Institutions and campuses Private education institution, IPP, Government education institution ( ) ( ) December 5, 2017 Slide 5 IPP: Independent Power Producer ( ) : Main driver : Secondary driver

6 Microgrid Generation at the point of consumption and always available Solar PV power plant Wind power plant Remote asset management and data analytics Commercial loads Conventional power Distributed control system Residential loads Grid connection Advanced power distribution and protection Industrial loads Modular scalable energy storage and grid stabilization December 5, 2017 Slide 6

7 Energy storage provides multiple benefits for microgrids Operational goals Access to electricity Maximize reliability Uninterrupted supply Reduce environmental impact Maximize renewable energy contribution Fuel & cost savings Fuel independence Provide grid services Renewable power Microgrid control system Energy storage and grid stabilization Power system functions 8S 1. Stabilizing 2. Spinning reserve 3. STATCOM (static synchronous compensator) 4. Seamless transition between islanded and grid-connected states 5. Standalone operation 6. Smoothing 7. Shaving 8. Shifting December 5, 2017 Slide 7

8 8S applications Response times and energy and power requirements Application Time frame Energy requirement Power requirement S1 Standalone milliseconds low high S2 Seamless transition milliseconds/seconds low high S3 Stabilize (V & f support) seconds low high S4 Statcom (power quality) seconds zero high S5 Spinning reserve seconds/minutes medium high S6 Smoothing minutes medium medium S7 Shaping (Peak lopping/shaving) minutes/hours medium low S8 Shifting (load leveling) hours high low December 5, 2017 Slide 8

9 Utility-side of meter Utility Off-grid Behind the meter Residential Commercial & industrial Application and segment mapping Grid-connected and off-grid Applications Self-consumption Backup power Peak shaving Time shifting Arbitrage Location in the grid (does not imply ownership) Co-located with other generation sources Market segments Short duration balancing: frequency regulation Flexible capacity: spinning / peaking reserve Standalone: connected directly to the grid Integration of renewables: ramp rate control, stability T&D upgrade deferral ( non-wires alternative ) December 5, 2017 Slide 9 Application enabled through aggregation of distributed assets

10 Application forecast by segment Grid-connected applications capture up to 90% of market revenue $39 Bn cumulative Main applications Key markets Off-grid 12% Utility Ancillary services Peaking capacity RE integration T&D support and upgrade deferral USA, AU Europe (DE, IT, UK) India Middle East Residential 21% 40% Utility C&I Increasing solar selfconsumption Backup power Peak shaving & ToU charges USA, AU, India Europe (DE, IT, UK) Sub-Saharan Africa 27% Residential Increasing solar selfconsumption Backup power USA, AU Europe (DE, IT, UK) India Commercial & Industrial Off-grid Electrification Backup power Grid stability Sub-Saharan Africa India South-East Asia Value spread across segments in both emerging and developed markets December 5, 2017 Slide 10 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance, IHS research, ABB analysis

11 Off-grid Behind the meter Utility Long-term growth forecast Double-digit volume growth drives cost competitiveness Annual installations, GW 25,3 Utility-scale deployments dominate in the short term. 29% CAGR ,7 21,8 11,9 Energy storage becoming increasingly important as network operators seek to integrate rising levels of variable renewable generating capacity 2,4 1,3 0,8 0,3 3,7 1,9 1,4 0,4 5,5 2,9 2,1 0,4 7,4 4,0 2,8 0,5 9,6 5,2 3,8 0,7 11,9 6,4 4,7 0,8 14,6 7,8 5,9 0,9 9,3 7,5 0,9 11,2 9,5 1,1 12,0 1,3 Behind-the-meter gains major traction by 2025 as payback for end-user systems becomes economically attractive. PV + storage systems for self consumption, backup power, power quality and peak shaving an attractive value proposition for C&I customers Village electrification and C&I installations drive growth in off-grid segment Delivering reliable, affordable and clean electricity for universal access to power December 5, 2017 Slide 11 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance, IHS research, ABB analysis

12 Real 2017 $/KWh Energy storage cost reduction forecast 20% cost reduction along value chain in CAPEX for a fully-installed energy storage system (1MW/1MWh) Average cost reduction p.a % -4% -6% -4% -6% -9% Battery Inverter Balance of system Energy management system EPC Other indirect costs December 5, 2017 Slide 12 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance, November Results based on industry survey for utility-scale storage installations using Li-On batteries

13 References

14 ABB in microgrid Global references Chugach Hybrid Storage Kodiak Island Lanzarote Island Flores Faial Island Island La Gomera Island WEB Aruba Vadodara Marsabit Wind Farm ICRC Logistics Cocos (Keeling) Island Center Shin Chitose Kashiwadai PV Plant Shin Hidaka PV Plant Robben Island Marble Bar Garden Island Longmeadow Alinta Energy DeGrussa Mine Laing O Rourke Construction Camp AusNet Services Mawson Station, Antarctica Ross Island, Antarctica December 5, 2017 Slide 14

15 ABB in microgrid: selected global references Chugach, Alaska, US (Wind, Diesel, Storage, Flywheel) AusNet Services, AU (Storage, Diesel, Grid) Marble Bar, AU (Solar, Diesel, Flywheel) Microgrid system consists of: Wind (11 x 1.6 MW) PowerStore Flywheel (1 x 1 MW) PowerStore Battery (1 x 2 MW) Diesel (1 x 17.6 MW, 1 x 9 MW, 1 x 3.6 MW, 1 x 0.76 MW) Microgrid system consists of: PowerStore-Battery Transformer and diesel generator Microgrid Plus Control System Microgrid system consists of: Diesel (4 x 320kW) Solar PV plant (1 x 300kW) PowerStore-flywheel (1 x 500kW) Microgrid Plus System Customer benefits: Reduce wind ramp rate violations Reduce Area Control Error (ACE) violations Allow for additional wind capacity to be constructed Customer benefits: Manage peak demand Active and reactive power during high demand Transition to island operation without supply interruption Delay of power line investments Customer benefits: Reliable and stable power supply Minimize diesel consumption and CO2 emissions 60% of the day time electricity demand generated by the PV plant December 5, 2017 Slide 15

16 ABB in microgrid: selected Africa references Robben Island, ZA (Solar, Diesel, Storage) ICRC, Nairobi, Kenya (Solar, Diesel, Storage, Grid) Johannesburg, ZA (Solar, Diesel, Storage, Grid) Microgrid system consists of: 500 kw / 837 kwh PowerStore Battery Microgrid Plus Control System 667 kwp Solar PV plant Diesel generators (1 x 500 kva) Microgrid system consists of: 150 kw/100kwh PowerStore Battery Microgrid Plus Control System 30 kwp rooftop solar PV plant Diesel generators (1 x 150 kva) Microgrid system consists of: 750 kwdc rooftop PV plant 1 MVA/380 kwh PowerStore Battery Microgrid Plus Control System Customer benefits: Lower fuel costs and carbon emissions by 75 % Wireless network enables remote monitoring from Cape Town and eliminates need to maintain a workforce on the island Customer benefits: Reliable and stable supply despite outages and power quality issues. Seamless transition between gridconnected and islanded mode Reduced fuel costs and carbon footprint Customer benefits: Reliable and stable power supply Optimized renewable energy contribution to the facility Transition to island operation without supply interruption CO2 reduction: over 1,000 tons/year December 5, 2017 Slide 16

17 Energy storage for microgrids Resilient and cost effective power anywhere, anytime Market enablers Reliable, proven technology Plug and play Easy to transport and to install Scalable and modular December 5, 2017 Slide 17

18 Summary Energy storage enables reliable and affordable power in cities, industries and remote communities. December 5, 2017 Slide 18

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