S.E. (Chemical) (First Semester) EXAMINATION, 2012 PROCESS CALCULATIONS (2008 PATTERN) Time : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 100

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1 Total No. of Questions 12] [Total No. of Printed Pages 8 Seat No. [4162]-185 S.E. (Chemical) (First Semester) EXAMINATION, 2012 PROCESS CALCULATIONS (2008 PATTERN) Time : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 100 N.B. : Answers to the two sections should be written in separate answer-books. (ii) (iii) (iv) Draw neat sketches wherever necessary. Use of logarithmic tables, calculator and steam table is permitted. Assume suitable data, if necessary. SECTION I 1. (a) The diameter and height of a cylindrical storage tank are 5 m and 7 m respectively. It is used horizontally and filled up to 75% height with carbon tetrachloride, the density of which is 1600 kg/m 3. Find the mass in kilograms. [5] Convert 98.3 kpa absolute in terms of bar, psi, mm Hg, N/m 2. [5] P.T.O.

2 (c) Carburetted water gas has the following composition by mole : Hydrogen 35%, Methane 15%, Ethylene 12%, Carbon dioxide 2%, Carbon monoxide 34% and Nitrogen 2%. The gas is available at NTP. Find the molar volume of the gas mixture. [6] Or 2. (a) Nitric acid and water mixture contains 62.2 mole % water. Find the weight of nitric acid in 1000 kg of mixture. [3] 17.2 gm of N 2 O 4 gas, when heated to 100ºC at 725 mm Hg pressure undergoes 90% dissociation according to the reaction N 2 O 4 NO 2. Calculate the volume occupied by the gas mixture. [9] (c) Make the following conversions : 294 gm/lit H 2 SO 4 to Normality (ii) 5 N NaOH to gm/lit. [4] 3. (a) Soyabean seeds are extracted with n-hexane in batch extractors. The flaked seeds contain 18.6% oil, 69.0% solids and 12.4% moisture. At the end of the extraction process, de-oiled cake (DOC) is separated from the n-hexane-oil mixture. 96.0% of oil is recovered. If DOC contains 11.5% moisture, determine the % of oil in DOC. [6] The average molar mass of a flue gas sample is calculated by two different engineers. One engineer use the correct molar mass of 28 for N 2 and determines the average molar mass [4162]-185 2

3 to be 30.08, the other engineer, using an incorrect value of 14, calculate the average molar mass to be Calculate the volume % of N 2 in the flue gases. (ii) If the remaining components of the flue gases are CO 2 and O 2. Calculate the volume percentage of each of them. [10] Or 4. (a) Mixed acid is prepared by blending : 125 kg, spent acid containing 11.3% HNO 3, 44.4% H 2 SO 4 and 44.3% H 2 O (ii) 475 kg, aqueous 92% HNO 3 and (iii) 900 kg, aqueous 97% H 2 SO 4. All percentages are by mass. Calculate the quantity and composition of the mixed acid. [8] The feed to an absorption column consists of 20% H 2 S and the balance inert. Only H 2 S is removed from the gas by absorbing in an alkaline solution. The gas enters the absorber at 600 kpa and 310 K and leaves at 500 kpa and 290 K containing 2% H 2 S. If H 2 S is removed at the rate of 100 kg/hr, calculate the volume of gas (in m 3 /hr) entering and leaving the absorption column. [8] [4162] P.T.O.

4 5. Pure sulphur is burnt in a burner at the rate of 0.3 kg/sec. Fresh dry air is supplied at 303 K and 100 kpa. The gases from the burner contain 16.5% SO 2, 3.5% O 2 and rest N 2 on SO 3 -free volume basis. The gases leave the burner at 1073 K and kpa absolute. Calculate : (a) the fraction of sulphur burnt into SO 3 the percentage excess air over the amount required to oxidise the sulphur to SO 2 and (c) the volume of dry air in m 3 /sec. [18] Or 6. A mixture of pure carbon dioxide and hydrogen is passed over a nickel catalyst. The temperature of the catalyst bed is 588 K and the reactor pressure is 2 MPa g. The analysis of the gases leaving the reactor showed CO 57.1%, H %, CH % and CO 0.12% (by volume) on a dry basis. The reactions taking place in the reactor are : CO 2 + 4H 2 = CH 4 + 2H 2 O and CO 2 + H 2 = CO + H 2 O Find : (a) the conversion of CO 2 per pass yield of CH 4 in terms of CO 2 reacted and (c) the composition of the feed. [18] [4162]-185 4

5 SECTION II 7. (a) Hot hydrocarbon liquid, flowing at the rate of 1.50 kg/sec is cooled from 425 K to 240 K using cooling water flowing at the rate of kg/min. If the cooling water enters the heat exchanger at 294 K, calculate the outlet temperature. The heat capacity of hydrocarbon can be taken as 2510 J/kgK. [6] Calculate the standard heat of reaction at K when gaseous ammonia is dissolved in water to form 2% by weight of solution. Given Data : Component Std Heat of Formation kj/mol NH 3 (g) NH 4 OH (l) H 2 O (l) [6] (c) Define : Heat of Reaction and (ii) Adiabatic Reactin Temperature. [4] Or 8. Chlorobenzene is nitrated using a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid. During pilot plant studies, a charge consisted of 110 kg chlorobenzene (CB), 106 kg (65.5% by mass) nitric acid, and 108 kg 93.6% (by mass) sulphuric acid. [4162] P.T.O.

6 After 2 hrs of operation the final mixture was analyzed. It was found that the final product contained 2% unreacted chlorobenzene. Also the product distribution was found to be 66% p-nitrochlorobenzene, (p-ncb) and 34% o-nitrochlorobenzene (o-ncb). Calculate the analysis of charge, the percentage conversion of chlorobenzene and the composition of the product mixture. [16] 9. (a) The dry bulb temperature and dew point of ambient air were found to be 302 K and 291 K respectively. The barometer reads 100 kpa. Compute : the absolute molar humidity (ii) the % RH (iii) the % saturation (iv) the humid heat and (v) the humid volume. [10] Define the following terms : Wet bulb temperature (ii) Relative humidity (iii) Absolute humidity (iv) Dew point. [8] [4162]-185 6

7 Or 10. (a) A solution of ethyl alcohol containing 9.6% alcohol is fed at the rate of 1500 kg/hr to a continuous distillation column. The top product (distillate) contains 95.5% alcohol. The bottom product (waste) from the column carries 0.1% of alcohol. All percentages are by mass. Calculate the mass flow rates of top and bottom products in kg/hr and the percentage loss of alcohol. [10] A crystallizer is charged with kg of an aqueous solution at 377 K, 30% by mass of which is anhydrous sodium sulphate. The solution is cooled. During the cooling operation 5% of the initial water is lost by evaporation. As a result, crystals of Na 2 SO 4.10H 2 O crystallize out. The mother liquor is found to contain 18.5% (by mass) anhydrous Na 2 SO 4. Calculate the yield of crystals and the quantity of mother liquor. [8] 11. Explain briefly : (a) (c) Types of fuels. Calorific values of fuels. Tests for Proximate Analysis. Calorific values of fuels. (d) Adiabatic Flame Temperature. [16] [4162] P.T.O.

8 Or 12. (a) 100 kg/hr of coke containing 90% carbon and 10% ash (by wt.) is burnt with 30% excess air. 95% of the carbon is burnt, out of which 98% is burnt to carbon dioxide and rest to carbon monoxide. Determine flue gas composition. [8] The Orsat analysis of the flue gases from a boiler house chimney gives contain 11.4% CO 2, 4.2% O 2, and 84.4% N 2 on mole basis. Assuming that the complete combustion has taken place : Calculate the % excess air used (ii) Find the carbon : hydrogen ratio in the fuel. [8] [4162]-185 8

S.E. (Mechanical) (First Semester) EXAMINATION, 2012 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS (2008 PATTERN) Time : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 100

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