EXCUTIVE SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For. Pardawan Silica Sand Mine Along With Crusher and Washing Plant.

Transcription

1 EXCUTIVE SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For Pardawan Silica Sand Mine Along With Crusher and Washing Plant Village Pardhwan, District Chitrakoot, (U.P.) Area ha Proposed capacity: 2,50,000 TPA Applicant: M/s Rai Bharti Das & Brothers ADDRESS: 284-A, M.G. Marg (Old Bairhana), Allahabad (U.P.) Pincode Prepared by: GRASS ROOTS RESEARCH & CREATION INDIA (P) LTD. (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Co., NABET & QCI Accredited) F-374,375, Sector-63, Noida, U.P Ph.: Tele fax: info@grc-india.com, grc.india@yahoo.com Website:

2 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is situated near Village Pardawan, Tehsil- Mau, Dist.- Chitrakoot (U.P.) over an area of hectare. The mining lease was initially sanctioned for 20 year period w.e.f to The lessee applied for 1st renewal on 11/01/1992 for further 20 years period w.e.f to The lessee again applied for 2nd renewal of mining lease on as the 1st renewal was not accorded and the 2nd renewal felt due. The renewal is pending with the State Government. The proposed rate of production is 2,50,000 TPA of Silica Sand. The estimated project cost is Rs. 2 crores. The expected life of mine is 23 years. The mining plan has been approves by Indian Bureau of Mines vide letter no UP/Allahabad/Silica sand/mpln/r-01/13-14 dated As per the EIA notification of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt of India (MoEF), dated 2006 and 2009, 2013 this project falls under category A project, activity 1(a) of EIA Notification, and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required for obtaining Environmental clearance based on ToR as approved by the statutory authority for renewal of lease of the mine. The ToR was presented to MoEF, New Delhi, and TOR was granted on dated (J-11015/187/2011-IA.II(M)) and was extended dated This EIA has been prepared as per the Terms of Reference granted and the EIA Notification. 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Location: The mining lease area is in village Pardawan, District Chitrakoot (U.P.) The mining lease area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No. 63 G/11 Toposheet Details Latitude : 25 14'01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North Longitude : 81 32'52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East

3 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Area & production: The total Mining Lease area is ha. Sl. No Item (A) Lease area (B) Mining & allied activities i. Pit ii. Dumps/ore stack iii. Roads iv. Site services/ Washing Plant v. Plantation etc. vi. Water body (c) Hutments/Infrastructure Undisturbed area Forest Land (Hects.) Agri. Land (Hects.) Type of Land (in hects.) Grazing Barren Land Land Any other type Total This is a case of mining lease renewal with proposed production of 2,50,000 TPA. Estimated cost of the project is Rs. 2 Crores. Connectivity: Shakargarh town is about 10 km. The area is well connected with NH-76 which is about 5 Km 2.1 Salient Features of Project Name of the applicant Name & Address of POA Holder M/s Rai Bharat Das & Brothers M/s Rai Bharat Das & Brothers Shri Ram Agrawal (Managing Partner & Attorney) 284-A, M.G. Marg (Old Bairhana) Allahabad (U.P.) Pin code Mobile No

4 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Name of Mine Village District & State Latitude Longitude Fax No Pardawan Silica Sand Mine along with crushing and washing unit Pardawan Chitrakoot (U.P.) 25 14'01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North 81 32'52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East Toposheet Number 63G/11 Mineral Silica Sand Area (ha) ha Postal Address M/s Rai Bharat Das & Brothers Shri Ram Agrawal (Managing Partner & Attorney) 284-A, M.G. Marg (Old Bairhana) Allahabad (U.P.) Pin code Mobile No Fax No Period of Lease (Yrs) 20 ( ), First renewal applied for 20 years w.e.f to Second renewal was applied on Basic Requirements for the Project SI. No. Requirements Quantity Source 1 Land ha It s a Existing mine 2 Water 30 KLD Natural spring or nearby villages 3 Manpower 200 Majority from nearby villages

5 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR 2.3 Details of Mining Method of mining Bench Height and Width Ultimate pit depth Mineable Reserve Life of the Mine Ground water depth Opencast Semi-mechanized Height:3m Width:3m 15 m 52,34,325 Tonnes 23 years m bgl(no intersection) 2.4 Drilling Drilling: Occasionally drilling and blasting will be carried out using 32mm dia holes of 1.5m depth. No deep hole drilling and blasting is proposed however sub benching will be done to facilitate Jack Hammer drilling and blasting. The Jack hammer drills are operated with compressed air supplied by air compressor. 2.5 Blasting Broad blasting parameter :- Spacing - 1m Burden m Depth of hole - 1.5m Charge per hole gms Powder factor t./kg. Dia of hole - 32mm Single row blasting of maximum 10 holes of total charge of 3.5 kg. Blasting is proposed for heaving purpose. Type of explosive to be used :- (a)nitrate mixture (b) OD (c) Safety Fuse Powder factor in ore and overburden:-

6 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Powder factor in ore will be 6 tones. Per kg. of explosive. 2.6 Use of Mineral The mineral finds use in different grades and qualities in different industrial. For glass industry very low iron percentage of 0.02 % to 0.05 % is accepted. For sheet glass 0.20 % to 0.50 % is accepted. For coloured glass upto 1 % iron is required mesh size of +14 are demanded for glass industries. Mineral containing 1 to 1.5 % of iron is sold to steel foundry. The mesh size desired is +10. Mineral containing 1 to 2 % iron is sold to silicate; mixed grades of above can be useable The silica sand from the mine is processed at the mine site in washing plant. The washing and screening in different grain sizes as per the size and chemical specification is carried out. 2.7 Land Use Pattern S.NO LAND USE EXISTING (ha) 5th year end (ha) Conceptual (ha) 1 Total area excavated (broken) (82.0) 2 Area fully mined out (out of 1) Nil Nil (82.0) 3 Area fully reclaimed (Backfilled out of 2) Nil Nil (21.50) 4 Area rehabilitated out by afforestation (Backfilled area-9 ha + barrier zone of Nil Nil electric line-16 ha) 5 Area rehabilitated by water harvesting Nil Nil Total area under dumps Nil 7 Area under active dumps Nil 8 Area under mineral stack Nil Nil Nil 9 Area under Road Nil Area under Green belt (i.e. plantation on area other than dump and backfilled area) Nil Area under infrastructure Garland Drain Nil Nalla Total

7 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT The baseline environment quality was carried out over a radial distance of 10 km around the mine during pre-monsoon season of March May Meteorology The Summarized Meteorological Data for the Monitoring Period (March May 2012) is given below: Month March 2012 April 2012 May 2012 Wind Speed (km/h) Temperature ( C) Max Avg Max Min Avg Rainfall (mm) No. of rainy Days Nil 3.2 Ambient Air Quality To assess the ambient air quality level, 10 monitoring stations were set up. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out twice a week with a frequency of 24 hours for 12 weeks. The results when compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for "Residential, Industrial, Rural and Other Areas" show that the average values of ambient air quality parameters are well within the stipulated limit. The minimum and maximum concentration of PM 2.5 recorded within the study area was 22.8µg/m 3 to 39.3µg/m 3 with the 98 th percentile ranging between 28.3µg/m 3 to 38.4µg/m The minimum and maximum concentration of PM10 recorded within the study area was 64.0µg/m 3 to 85.7µg/m 3 with the 98th percentile ranging between 84.9µg/m 3 to 73.5 µg/m 3. The minimum and maximum level of SO2 recorded within the study area was BDL to 8.5 µg/m 3 with the 98 th percentile ranging between 6.6 µg/m 3 to 8.3 µg/m 3. 3

8 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR The minimum and maximum level of NO 2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 12.3 µg/m 3 to 24.5 µg/m 3 with the 98 th percentile ranging between 18.6 µg/m 3 to 23.8 µg/m Noise Levels The baseline noise levels have been monitored at 7 locations within the study zone, using a sound level meter and noise level measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status, keeping in view the land use pattern, industrial area, Silence Zone, residential areas in villages etc., if available within 10 km radius of the study area. Assessment of night time Leq (Ln) varies from 48.6 to 53.6 db (A) and the daytime Leq (Ld) varies from 37.2 to 43.1 db (A) within the study area. 3.4 Water Quality Selected water quality parameters for water resource of the study area have been used for describing the water environment and assessing the impacts. Three ground water samples were collected in the study area to assess the water quality. Water samples also drawn from the hand pumps and open wells and three surface water samples were drawn from the Yamuna River & Baghla Jheel used by the villagers for domestic needs. For surface water quality, comparing the values of ph, DO, BOD and total coliforms with Use based classification of surface waters published by Central Pollution Control Board; it can be seen that all the analyzed surface waters can be compared with class C and can be used as drinking water sources after conventional treatment and disinfection. 3.5 Soil Characteristics The soil samples were collected in the month of April Soil samples were collected from 7 locations to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features and each of these locations were identified randomly from where soil was collected from 30 cm below the surface. In the study area, variations in the ph of the soil were found to be alkaline ( ). Electrical conductivity (EC) is a measure of the soluble salts and ionic activity in the soil. In the collected soil samples the conductivity ranged from µmhos/cm.

9 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR 3.6 Socioeconomic Scenario According to Census 2001, the total population of the study area is 53,451. As there is no urban area the entire population belongs to rural area. The overall sex ratio has been worked out to 872 females per 1000 males, which is far below the national average of 933 females per 1000 males. Furthermore, around 1.2 percent of the total population belongs to Schedule Tribe community and 32.9 percent belongs to the Schedule Caste population in the study area as per Census Biological Environment Flora Core Zone:- The area is stony, barren land with few tree species namely Choola, Pipal, Mahua and babool within the core zone Buffer Zone:- The flora of buffer zone comprises of Pipal, Mango, Shisham, etc. Species of Agave, Imli/Jojo, Baker, Amla, etc. are of common occurrence along the roads. Ground vegetation mainly consists of grasses and small shrubs. Among the grasses, Apluda varia (Dudhia sauri) and, Panicum montana (Khrj) Setaria glauca seen growing in the area. Agricultural land The total area of all the 41 villages in the study area is 17, 502 Hectare. This has been worked out by adding the total area of each constituent village. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. It is carried out in 40.6percent of the total village area. Of the total cultivable land 36.7percent are irrigated land and the remaining 63.3 percent are un-irrigated. Waste land There are very few wastelands in the proposed area and this wasteland is commonly seen in the area, and is mostly covered with species like Lantana sp, Carissa spp, Calotropis procera, Cassia tora, Parthenium spp., Zizyphus spp., Argemone spp. etc. Vegetation in and around human settlement Near villages the vegetation pattern changes from rest of the area. The common species grown near villages are Mangifera indica, Acacia nilotica, Arotocarpus integrifolia, Bauhinia

10 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR variegate, Butea monosperma, Azadirachta indica, Melia azadiracht, etc Fauna Core zone: There was no unique faunal community within the core zone of the project site. Buffer zone: A list of animals of the study area has been prepared on the basis of local inquiry from the village people and from the available published literatures. The animals thus recorded were cross checked with Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for their schedule. There are some Protected forest known to be Khatkari PF and Barha Kotra PF and some Reserve Forest known to be Baghla RF, Lakhnauti RF Lakhanpur RF Bogh RF in this zone. The vegetative community of the area is dry deciduous type forest with planted varieties. 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 4.1 Impact on air - Various mining activities i.e. drilling, blasting, loading, removal of overburden and movement of other transport vehicles used in mining will generate dust (PM 10 & PM 2.5 ). Proper water sprinkling shall be carried out at the mine site. The mineral will be transported by road through covered trucks/tippers to reduce the fugitive emission caused by the wind. 4.2 Impact on water environment Impact on surface water bodies- There is seasonal nalla towards east & west flowing towards north. The water course in the lease area will not be diverted and 15 mtrs from the edge will not be worked. There is no toxic element in and around the applied area. Hence contamination of any nature is not expected for surface or any ground water source. The scale of mining is low and hence the above factor has no role to play Impact on ground water table- The ground water table in the lease area varies from 90m RL to 95m RL. Mining will be done 5m above ground water table. Hence ground water table will not be affected.

11 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR 4.3 Noise Impact The impact of noise on the villages is negligible as the villages are far located from the mine workings. Since there is no involvement of major machinery, the impact of noise levels will be very low. 4.4 Impact on Land Environment Opencast mining activities may alter the landscape of the lease area and also cause some disturbance to the surface features of the surrounding areas. Thus out of ha of ML area, the mining activity will be carried out in 82 ha in that ha will be backfilled and afforestation will be done where as on the remaining 60.50ha area will be converted to water reservoir through RWH progressively during plan period and hence, the impact on land will be insignificant. 4.5 Impact on forest and vegetation Impacts on Biodiversity- There are no endangered species, wildlife sanctuary, wildlife corridors, faunal migratory routes or eco-sensitive area near the whole study area Impacts on agriculture- Agriculture activities practiced in nearby areas may get impacted because of dust generation but mitigative measures such as regular water sprinkling on active areas for example haul roads, dump sites shall be strictly followed so that impact is minimized. 4.6 Socio economic environment The impact of mining activity in the area is positive on the socio-economic environment of the region. This Mining project is providing employment to local population and it will be give preference will be given to the local people whenever there is requirement of man power. 5.0 POST PROJECT MONITORING PROGRAM SI. No. Description Frequency of Monitoring 1 Ambient Air Quality Quarterly/Half yearly 2 Meteorological data Daily 3 Noise Level Monitoring Half yearly 4 Water Level & Quality Quarterly/Half yearly

12 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR 5 Soil Quality Yearly 6 Monitoring of Agricultural crops Yearly 6.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES The Additional Studies conducted are Risk Assessment & Disaster Management / Hazard Management & Occupational Health & Safety. 7.0 PROJECT BENEFITS The project will prove beneficial to the people as the company has already agreed to provide infrastructural facilities to the villagers like Educational facilities, Medical facilities, Transportation facilities, water supply etc. which will improve the socio-economic environment of the area. 8.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.1 Air Management Following measures will be taken to control air pollution during mining operations: Adequate water spraying on the haul roads. Construction of proper haul roads in the lease area. Development of Green belt/plantation along mining lease, haul roads, mine office to arrest dust. Masks will be provided to drillers and persons employed in dusty area. 8.2 Water Management There is seasonal nalla towards east & west flowing towards north. The water course in the lease area will not be diverted and 15 mtrs from the edge will not be worked. There is no toxic element in and around the applied area. Hence contamination of any nature is not expected for surface or any ground water source. Adequate control measures will be adopted to check not only the wash-off from soil erosion but also uncontrolled flow of mine water. 8.3 Noise Management All precaution will be taken and noise level survey will be done at regular intervals.

13 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Ear protectors or earplugs will be given to persons working in higher noise level area or on machines. Regular measurement of noise level is proposed near drilling equipment and other heavy earth moving machinery & steps will be taken to improve the maintenance of all equipments so that the noise level will remain within permissible limits. Plantation of trees on internal roads and barriers. 8.4 Land Reclamation Till the end of conceptual period, a total of 9 ha area of the worked out portion of the pit shall be backfilled, top soiled and is available for plantation where as the on the barrier zone of mine lease area, electric line and nalla, plantation will be done. 8.5 Green Belt/Plantation The ha area of barrier zone of mine lease area, electric line and nalla will be converted into green belt. 8.6 Budget for Environmental Protection Particulars Capital Cost (Rs.) Recurring Cost (Rs.) Pollution Control Dust suppression 9,00,000 3,00,000 Gully plugs, Check Dam and settling tank etc 2,00,000 50,000 Pollution Monitoring -- 1,00,000 Reclamation & Rehabilitation Green belt & afforestation 1,00,000 2,00,000 Others (Environmental study, Statutory 8,00,000 2,50,000 compliance, etc.) Total 20,00,000 9,00, CONCLUSION

14 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT FINAL EIA/EMP EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Based on the EIA study it is observed that there will be an increase in the dust pollution, which will be controlled by sprinkling of water and plantation. There will be an insignificant impact on ambient environment and ecology due to the mining activities moreover the mining operation will lead to direct and indirect employment generation in the area. Green belt development around the area will also be taken up as an effective pollution mitigative technique, as well as to control the pollutants released from the premises of the mine. Monitoring program will be followed till the mining operations continue. Around Rs. 20 lakhs as capital cost and Rs 9 lakhs as recurring budget for environmental protection have been formulated to achieve the environmental quality as desired. Hence, it can be summarized that the development of the mine will have a positive impact on the socio-economic of the area and lead to sustainable development of the region. The silica sand mining operation will not only fetch income to the state exchequer but also ensure healthy development of state of Uttar Pradesh. With the implementation of the proposed mining project the occupational pattern of the people in the area will change making more people engaged in industrial and business activities rather in agriculture. The study area is still lacking in education, health, housing, water, electricity etc. It is expected that same will improve to a great extent due to proposed mining project and associated industrial and business activities. Proposed activities and expenses on Corporate Social Responsibility will be as per CSR Mandate of the Government. ****************

15 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR PROPOSED RENEWAL OF PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE along with Crushing & Washing Plant AT PARDAWAN VILLAGE,CHITRAKOOT DISTRICT, UTTAR PRADESH Proposed Production 2, 50, 000 TPA Area: Ha FINAL REPORT PROJECT PROPONENT : M/s Rai Bharat Das & Brothers 284-A, M.G. Marg (Old Bairhana) Allahabad (U.P.) Pin code Environment Consultant : GRASS ROOTS RESEARCH & CREATION INDIA (P) LTD. (An ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Co. Accredited by QCI/NABET) F-374,375, Sector-63, Noida, U.P Ph.: Tele fax: info@grc-india.com, grc.india@yahoo.com Website:

16 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION TITLE PAGE NO. CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION 1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 1/2 1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 1/2 1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE 1/4 LAWS/REGULATIONS 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1/5 1.5 POST-ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 1/5 1.6 TRANSFERABILITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 1/5 1.7 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT 1/5 1.8 COMPLIANCE OF TOR CONDITION 1/6 CHAPTER 2- PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 2/2 2.2 LOCATION DETAILS 2/2 2.3 LEASE HOLD AREA 2/3 2.4 GEOLOGY 2/7 2.5 QUALITY OF RESERVES 2/8 2.6 MINING 2/ GENERAL FEATURES 2/ PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE/ STAGES 2/28 CHAPTER 3- DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1 PREAMBLE 3/2 3.2 STUDY AREA 3/2 3.3 STUDY PERIOD 3/2 3.4 METEROLOGICAL CONDITIONS 3/3 3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3/4 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3/ WATER ENVIRONMENT 3/ SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 3/ LAND USE/ LAND COVER MAPPING OF STUDY AREA 3/ TRAFFIC STUDY 3/ SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, REHABILITATION & 3/32 RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN 3.12 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3/55

17 CHAPTER 4- ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4/2 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4/2 4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4/8 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4/9 4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 4/ SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4/ OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ENVIRONMENT 4/ CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 4/16 CHAPTER 5- ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY 5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES SITE 5/2 5/2 CHAPTER 6- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITROING PROGRAM 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6/2 6.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED 6/3 6.3 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS 6/5 6.4 DATA ANALYSIS 6/6 CHAPTER 7- ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 7/2 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT 7/9 7.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7/ REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) 7/14 CHAPTER 8- PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8/2 8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8/2 8.3 EMPLOYEMENT POTENTIAL 8/2 8.4 CONCLUSION 8/3

18 CHAPTER 9- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9/2 9.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL 9/3 9.3 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9/4 9.4 WASTE MANAGEMENT 9/4 9.5 GREENBELT AND PLANTATION 9/5 9.6 BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES 9/5 9.7 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY 9/8 9.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC MEASURES 9/ CONCLUSION 9/12 CHAPTER-10 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 10.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 10/ TERMS OF REFERENCE 10/ BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 10/ LOCATION 10/ RESERVES 10/ MINING 10/ AFFORESTATION 10/ LAND USE PATTERN 10/ ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 10/ DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 10/ AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 10/ NOISE ENVIRONMENT 10/ WATER ENVIRONMENT 10/ SOIL ANALYSIS REPORT 10/ BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 10/ WATER REQUIREMENT 10/ ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10/ CONCLUSION 10/8

19 LIST OF TABLES Table No TITLE PAGE NO. 1.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 1/3 2.1 EXISTING FEATURES IN THE VICINITY OF THE MINING AREA 2.2 ESTIMATION OF RESERVES AS PER UNFC GUIDELINES 2 / PRIOR PRODUCTION DETAILS OF PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE 2.4 YEAR WISE PRODUCTION DETAILS 2 / DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR YEAR WISE DEVELOPMENT / PRODUCTION 2 / 3 2/12 2 / YEAR WISE WASTE GENERATION 2/ DAILY WATER REQUIREMENT 2 / MANPOWER REQUIREMENT 2 / THE PRESENT, OPERATIONAL AND POST OPERATIONAL LAND USE PATTERN IS GIVEN BELOW (UNIT IN HA.) 2.10 THE IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 2 / METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE MONITORING PERIOD 3 / LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS 3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN THE STUDY AREA PM2.5 3 /7 3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN THE STUDY AREA PM 3/ AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN THE STUDY AREA SO 3/ AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN THE STUDY AREA NO2 3/9 3.7 NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA 3 / AMBIENT QUALITY STANDARDS IN RESPECT OF NOISE 3 / HOURLY LEQ NOISE LEVEL IN THE STUDY AREA 3 / LOCATION OF WATER SAMPLING SITES 3 / (a) GROUNDWATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS DURING MARCH / (b) GROUNDWATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS 3/18 2/27 3 /7

20 DURING APRIL (c) GROUNDWATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS DURING MAY / (a) SURFACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS DURING MARCH / ( b) SURFACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS DURING APRIL / (c) SURFACE WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULTS DURING MAY / SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS 3/ SOIL ANALYSIS RESULTS 3 / LAND USE PATTERN IN STUDY AREA 3 / (i) EXISTING TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS 3 / (ii) TABLE OF LOS 3 / (iii) MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS 3 / SEGMENTATION OF LARGE VILLAGES 3/ DISTRICT AND SUB-DISTRICT WISE LIST OF VILLAGES AND THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS IN THE STUDY AREA 3/ LAND USE PATTERN OF STUDY AREA 3/ DEMOGRAPHIC PARTICULARS OF THE STUDY AREA 3 / VARIOUS TYPES OF EDUCATION FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA 3/ AVAILABILITY OF HEALTH FACILITIES IN THE STUDY AREA 3/ PEOPLE S PERCEPTION ON SERVICES 3 / (i) ASPECTS TO BE COVERED IN THE STUDY FOR THE PROJECT 3/ (ii) SUMMARY OF DATA COLLECTED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES 3/ (iii) TREE SPECIES PRESENT IN THE BUFFER ZONE 3/ (iv) SHRUB SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA 3/ (v) HERB/CLIMBER SPECIES PRESENT IN THE PROJECT AREA 3/ (vi) LIST OF GRASS SPECIES PRESENT IN THE PROPOSED PROJECT AREA 3/ (vii) LIST OF AGRICULTURE SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA 3/ (viii) 3.24 (ix) LIST OF PLANT SPECIES PRESENT IN THE WASTE LAND OF STUDY AREA LIST OF PLANT SPECIES PRESENT IN THE WASTE LAND OF STUDY AREA 3/62 3/62

21 3.24 (x) LIST OF AGRICULTURE SPECIES PRESENT IN THE PROPOSED PROJECT AREA AQUATIC SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA LIST OF SPECIES IN BUFFER ZONE (10 KM RADIUS) 3/63 3/65 3/ LIST OF PHYTOPLANKTONS AND ZOOPLANKTONS 3/66 FOUND IN THE SURFACE WATER 4.1 EMISSION FACTORS 4/5 4.2 PM10 CONTRIBUTION AT THE NEARBY LOCATIONS 4/6 4.3 WATER DEMAND FOR THE PROJECT 4 / MINING LAND USE PATTERN OF THE MINE AREA 4 / STAGE WISE TREE PLANTATION 4 / KEY SUGGESTIVE MEASURES 4 / YEAR WISE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR THE VARIOUS ACTIVITIES PROPOSED TO BE TAKEN UP UNDER CSR PROGRAMME MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 6.2 POST PROJECT MONITORING LOCATIONS 6/6 7.1 PUBLIC HEARING DETAILS 7/2 7.2 DETAILS OF ACTION PLAN FOR THE ISSUES RAISED DURING THE PUBLIC HEARING 9.1 AFFORESTATION SCHEDULE 9 /5 9.2 SPECIES RECOMMENDED FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 9 / KEY SUGGESTIVE MEASURES UNDER EMP 9 / 8 4/16 6 /3 7/ BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUDGET FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH YEAR WISE AFFORESTATION SCHEDULE COSTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 9 / 11 9 / 12 10/4 10/8

22 Figure No LIST OF FIGURES TITLE PAGE NO. 1.1 PHOTOGRAPH OF THE MINE LEASE AREA 1/5 2.1 MAP SHOWING STATE, DISTRICT AND PROJECT LOCATION 2/4 2.2 (A) TOPOMAP (1:50,000) WITH 10 KM RADIUS DEMARCATION AROUND THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE 2/5 2.2 (B) CORNER-COORDINATES MAP OF THE MINE LEASE AREA 2/5 2.3 SURFACE PLAN 2 / GEOLOGICAL PLAN 2/9 2.5 GEOLOGICAL SECTIONS 2/ th YEAR DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2 / DRAINAGE PATTERN 2 / MINERAL PROCESSING FLOW SHEET OF WASHING OF SILICA SAND 2.9 WATER DEMAND DIAGRAM 2/ CONCEPTUAL PLAN 2 / CONCEPTUAL SECTION 2/ THE WIND-ROSE DIAGRAM 3 / MAP SHOWING AMBIENT AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS MARKED WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 3 / MAP SHOWING NOISE SAMPLE COLLECTION POINTS MARKED WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 3/ MAP SHOWING SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS MARKED WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 3 / MAP SHOWING SOIL SAMPLE COLLECTION POINTS MARKED WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 2/22 3 / LAND USE DELINEATION OF 10 KM RADIUS AREA 3 / TRANSPORTATION ROUTE MAP 3/ WIND ROSE DIAGRAM 4/3 4.2 ISOPLETHS FOR FUGITIVE DUSTS (AREA SOURCE + LINE SOURCE) 4.3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SHOWING GROUNDWATER LEVEL 4/9 7.1 NOTICE FOR PUBLIC HEARING 7/3 7.2 PUBLIC HEARING PHOTOGRAPHS 7/4 9.1 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT 4/6 9/10

23 S.NO. I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV LIST OF ANNEXURES ANNEXURES TERMS OF REFERENCE TOR EXTENSION LETTER LEASE DEED 1 st RENEWAL 2 ND RENEWAL LITIGATION DOCS PRODUCTION DETAILS MINE PLAN PUBLIC HEARING PROCEEDINGS ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY UNDERTAKING AUTHENTICATED LIST OF FAUNA & FLORA LAB REPORT KHASRA PANCHSHALA

24 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION INDEX SI.NO CONTENT PAGE NO 1.0 PREAMBLE 1/2 1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 1/2 1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 1/2 1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE LAWS/REGULATIONS 1/4 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1/5 1.5 POST-ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 1/5 1.6 TRANSFERABILITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 1/5 1.7 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT 1/5 1.8 COMPLIANCE OF TOR CONDITION 1/6 1/1

25 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 1.0 PREAMBLE Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is a decision making tool, which guides the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the proposed project and ensure that these impacts are taken into account during the project designing. The Environmental Impact Assessment Documentation has been prepared in terms of EIA notification of 2006 and 2009, 2013 and the EIA Guideline Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF, Govt. of India, for seeking environmental clearance for mining in the existing area of Pardwan silica sand mine lease measuring hectares falling under category A. The EIA report is made on the basis of Terms of Reference (TOR) vide letter no J-11015/187/2011- IA.II(M) dated , TOR as Annexure 1. The ToR issued was expired on which was extended by MoEF, New Delhi dated (Attached as Annexure 2). 1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is situated near Village Pardawan, Tehsil- Mau, Dist.- Chitrakoot (U.P.) over an area of hectare. The mining lease was initially sanctioned for 20 year period w.e.f to (Annexure-3). The lessee applied for 1 st renewal on (/Annexure-4) for further 20 years period w.e.f to The lessee again applied for 2 nd renewal of mining lease on as the 1 st renewal was not accorded and the 2 nd renewal felt due (attached as Annexure 5). The renewal is pending with the State Government. The proposed rate of production is 2,50,000 TPA of Silica Sand. The estimated project cost is Rs. 2 crores. The expected life of mine is 23 years. This mining project falls under Category A Project or activity 1(a) as per EIA Notifications 2006 and 2009, 2013 as the lease area is greater than 50 ha, and interstate boundary of M.P (about 8 km south) is within 10 km distance from the mine site. Mailing/ Correspondence Address of Project Proponent: M/s Rai Bhart Das & Brothers Shri Ram Agrawal (Managing Partner & Attorney) 284-A, M.G. Marg (Old Bairhana) Allahabad (U.P.) Pin code Mobile No Fax No raibharatdas_brothers@hotmail.com 1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT This is a project for mining of mineral Silica sand by open cast other than fully mechanized method of 1/2

26 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT mining. The total lease area considered is ha of non forest land. The proposed production is 2,50,000 TPA. It is proposed to install a crusher of capacity 20 TPH and simple washing plant in the lease area. The crusher will be for breaking the hard and lumpy silica sand while washing plant will be for removing the soil/ intercalated clay within the silica sand. Water requirement for the proposed project for domestic use, dust suppression and plantation, will be 30 KLD, which will be met from Mine Sump & bore well Project Nature, Size & Location i. Nature The proposed project is Silica Sand mining project. The total lease area considered is ha of Partly Government & partly Private Land. The method of mining is open cast Semi- mechanized method. The development in mineral will be carried out by HEMM while production will be done by manual as well as HEMM. Loading will be carried out by manual/ machine while unloading by dumpers. It is proposed to install a crusher of capacity 20 TPA and washing plant in the lease area. The crusher will be for breaking the hard and lumpy silica and while washing plant will be for removing the soil/intercalated clay with in silica sand. About 7 KLD water used in the washing of Silica Sand will be reused. ii. Size The total lease area considered is ha. The proposed production is 2,50,000 TPA and Cost of the project is 2 Crores. iii. Location The mining area is located in the village Pardawan, Tehsil- Mau, Dist.- Chitrakoot of Uttar Pradesh State. Latitude '01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North Longitude '52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East Sr. No. Table-1.1: Details of Environmental Setting Particulars Details 1 Location a Village Pardawan b Tehsil Mau c District Chitrakoot d State Uttar Pradesh e Latitude 25 14'01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North f Longitude 81 32'52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East 2 Elevation above MSL 146m- 116m 1/3

27 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Sr. Particulars Details No. 3 Climatic Conditions at IMD Satna a Temperature Mean Min.- 9 o C Mean Max.- 34 C b Predominant Wind West Direction 4 Nearest Road NH-76 about 4 km in South 5 Nearest Railway station Shakargarh Railway Station about 9 km in SE 6 Nearest Airport Allahabad Airport about 29 km in North East 7 Nearest Tourist Place Nil within 10 km radius 8 Archaeological important Nil within 10 km radius places 9 Ecological Sensitive Areas (Wildlife Sanctuaries) Nil within 10 km radius 10 Reserved/Protected Forests Barha Kotra PF Lakhnauti RF Khatkari PF Lakhanpur RF Baghla RF Bogh RF 2 Km West 1 Km SE 6 KmS SE 6 Km SE 3 Km East 9Km SSW 11 Industries in 10-km radius Nil 12 Nearest River Yamuna River about 5 km in NW 13 Nearest Water body Bundela Nalla about 1 km in E 14 Major Irrigation Facilities Nil in 10-km radius 15 Seismic Zone Zone-III as per IS-1893 (Part-1) Projects importance to the country and the region Silica Sand is an important raw material for glass & steel casting industries. The silica sand of Allahabad area is suitable for glass industry, Silicate and alum industry in India and Steel foundry in India. The mining industry in the region also has provided direct and indirect employment to local villagers. After washing, the silica sand it is sold to glass industries & Steel casting plants like Triveni Sheet Glass, Indo- Asahi, Window Glass, Gujarat Guardian Ltd., Silicate Industry & Steel Casting Plants. 1/4

28 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE LAWS/REGULATIONS 1. Mining lease was granted for Period 20 years period w.e.f to under the provisions of MMDR Act 1957 and Rule 22 of MCR (Mine plan attached as Annexure 8) 2. 1st renewal application was submitted to the State government for 20 years for period up to The lessee has been submitted renewal application (Form- J ) on to the Government of Uttar Pradesh. 4. Following are the legal case against the project and project proponent documents attached as Annexure-6. (i) The honorable High Court of U.P. has closed the mining operation in the state of Uttar Pradesh which were operating without Environmental Clearance after 30 th June The mine was closed in compliance of the above order. A separate PIL too was filed against this project for working without EC. (ii) (a) Shri Manu Agrawal claimed to be attorney of the firm. (b) The State Government vide order dated canceled the attorney of Shri Manu Agrawal as he was not legal heir of the deceased partners. (c) Shri Manu Agrawal filed W.P. No. 8433/2008 before the Hon ble High court, Allahabad against the order of the state Government. The Hon ble High court upheld the order of the state government vide order dated (d) Shri Manu Agrawal again filed a special appeal No. 660 of 2008 before the Hon ble High Court, Allahabad against the order of the Hon ble High court dated The appeal was dismissed by the Hon ble High court on (e) Shri Manu Agrawal has again filed a S.L.P. No /2008 before the Hon ble Supreme Court. The matter is with the court and no order or direction has yet been passed. Figure 1.1: Mine Lease Photographs 1/5

29 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The MoEF Committee for mining projects considered the project during its meeting. Based on the information contained in the documents submitted and the presentation made, the MoEF prescribed the Terms of Reference (TOR) vide letter no J-11015/187/2011-IA.II(M) dated , TOR as Annexure POST-ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING For category A projects, it shall be mandatory for the project proponent to make public the environmental clearance granted for their project along with the environmental conditions and safeguards at their cost by prominently advertising it at least in two local newspapers of the district or state where the project is located and in addition, this shall also be displayed in the project proponent s website permanently. For category B projects, irrespective of its clearance by MoEF/SEIAA, the project proponent shall prominently advertise in the newspapers indicating that the project has been accorded environmental clearance and the details of MoEF website where it is displayed. The project management shall submit half-yearly compliance reports in respect of the stipulated prior environmental clearance terms and conditions on 1st June and 1st December of each calendar year. All such reports shall be public documents. The latest such compliance report shall be displayed on the web site of the concerned regulatory authority. 1.6 TRANSFERABILITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE A prior environmental clearance granted for a specific project or activity to an applicant may be transferred during its validity to another legal person entitled to undertake the project or activity on application by the transferor or the transferee with a written no objection by the transferor, to, and by the regulatory authority concerned, on the same terms and conditions under which the prior environmental clearance was initially granted, and for the same validity period. 1.7 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT In terms of the per EIA Notifications 2006 and 2009, 2013 and the EIA Guideline Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF, Govt. of India, the generic structure of the EIA document should be as under: 1. Introduction 2. Project Description 3. Description of the Environment 4. Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures 1/6

30 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 5. Analysis of alternatives (technology & site) 6. Environmental Monitoring Programme 7. Additional Studies 8. Project Benefits 9. Environmental Management Plan 10. Summary & Conclusion 11. Disclosure of Consultants engaged. 1.8 COMPLIANCE OF TOR CONDITION (Ref. No: J-11015/187/2011-IA.II(M)) dated SI. No Terms of Reference Compliance 1. Year-wise production details since 1994 onwards should be given clearly starting the highest production achieved in any one year prior to It may also be categorically informed whether there had been any increase in production after the EIA Notification, 1994 coming into force w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to A copy of the document in support of the fact that the proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given. 3. All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and public hearing should be compatible with one another in terms of the mine lease area, The mine started operation in the year 1973 and was close from The mine operations resumed in the year Mine was closed due to the death of Managing Partner Sh. Narsingh Das Agrawal on , financial crunch & family partition dispute arose. It is not a violation case as after mine started production in 2004, production was not enhanced than that before 1994 which was highest in the year i.e. 41,987.4 tonnes. The production details since has been given in Table 2.3 page 12 of Chapter 2. The production details authenticated by mining officer are attached as Annexure-7. Copy of Mining lease deed along with 2 nd renewal application is attached as Annexure-3 and Annexure-5. Final EIA Report is being prepared as mentioned and Public hearing was conducted on the same. The mine lease is in the name of M/s Rai Bharat Das & Brothers. 1/7

31 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT production levels, waste generation and its management and mining technology and should be in the name of the lessee. 4. All corner co-ordinates of the mine The corner co-ordinates map is provided in Chapter -2 Fig. lease area superimposed on High 2.2 (B) Page:- 2/5. resolution Imagery/toposheet should be provided. 5. Does the company have a well laid Yes, the company has a well laid down approved down Environmental policy approved Environment Policy. The Environment Policy of the by its Board of Directors? If so, it may company will be presented at the time of Final EIA/EMP be detailed in the EIA Report. report submission. 6. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process/procedure to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environment and the forest norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. 7. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issue and for ensuring compliances with the EC conditions. Details of this system may be given. 8. Does the company have a system of reporting of non compliances/violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and /or shareholders or stakeholders at large? Yes, the Company s Environment policy prescribes Standard Operating procedure to point out any infringement, deviation/violation of Environment and Forest norms/conditions. (Refer item (i) of the Environmental Policy). The mines will have an Environmental Management Cell with Environment Officer as the Nodal officer, reporting to Head, Environment under the overall control of General Manager (mines). The organizational setup of the company is shown in Figure 9.1 page 9/10 chapter 9. Yes, the Company has a well laid out policy of reporting non compliances/ violations of Environmental Norms to Board of Directors/ owner of the Company. This reporting mechanism is detailed in the Environment Policy of the company. 1/8

32 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report. 9. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the The EIA study has been carried out in the 10 km radius zone from the periphery of ML area. All the data so generated have been incorporated in EIA/EMP reports. EIA such as waste generation etc. A map showing study area (10 km radius) is given in Figure should be for the life of the mine/lease 2.2 (A) Page-2/5 of Chapter 2. period. 10. Land use of the study area delineating forest area, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary and national park, migratory Land use of the study area delineating forest area, grazing land, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features are given in Table routes of fauna, water bodies, human 3.15 Page no.-3/27 and shown in Figure 3.6 Page no.-3/28 of settlements and other ecological Chapter 3. features should be indicated. 11. Land use plan of the mine lease area Land use plan of the mine lease area in pre-operational should be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post-operational phases is given in chapter-2 operational and post Table 2.9 page no.- 2/27 operational phases and submitted. 12. Location of National parks, There are no National parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger /Elephant Reserves Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant (existing as well as proposed) in the study area of 10 km, Reserves (existing as well as surrounding the ML area. However some Protected and proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease should be clearly indicated supported by a location map duly reserve forests are as follows. Reserve Forests authenticated by Chief Wildlife Name Distance Direction Warden Necessary clearance, if any, Lakhnauti about 1 km SE as may be applicable to such projects Baghla about 2 km E due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above Lakhanpur about 6 km SE should be obtained from the State Wildlife Department/ Chief Wildlife Bogh about 9 km SW 1/9

33 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Warden under the Wildlife Protected Forest (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy Name Distance Direction furnished. Barha Kotra about 1 km W Khatkari about 5 km SE 13. A detailed biological study for the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on field survey clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any Scheduled I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost. 14. Impact of change of land use should be given 15. R&R plan/ compensation details for the project affected people should be furnished. While preparing the R&R Plan, the National Rehabilitation & A detailed biological study is discussed under Chapter-3, section 3.12 page no.3/55. There is no Schedule-I species within 10km distance from the mine site. Authenticated list of fauna & flora is attached as Annexure 12. The lease area consists of ha Govt. and Private Land, 0.05 ha Road and 0.25 ha infrastructure. The mining activity will be carried out in 82 ha in that 21.5 ha will be backfilled and will be rehabilitated by afforestation and remaining 60.5 ha area will be converted to water reservoir. There will be no resettlement or rehabilitation involved in the project area, hence compensation details are not applicable. 1/10

34 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs/STs and other weaker sections, need based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirement and action programmes integrating the sectorial programme of line departments of the State Government. 16. One season (non-monsoon) primary Primary baseline data on ambient air quality (Section 3.5 baseline data on ambient air quality page 3/4), water quality (Section 3.7 page 3/14), noise level (PM 10, SO 2 and NOX), water quality, (Section 3.6 page 3/11), soil (Section 3.8 page 3/24), flora noise level, soil and flora and fauna and fauna (Section 3.12 page 3/55) Site-specific shall be collected and the AAQ data meteorological data (Table 3.1 page 3/3) have been so collected presented data-wise in the EIA and EMP report. Site-specific metrological data should also be collected, as prescribed for pre monsoon season during March 2012 to May 2012 is given in Chapter 3 of EIA report. collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be justified. Date wise collected baseline AAQ Data should form Part of EIA and EMP report. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre dominant downwind direction. 17. Air quality modeling should be carried The resultant PM 10 levels will remain within the NAAQS out for prediction of impact of the norms. The 24-h maximum incremental GLC of PM 10 was project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the 7.5 µg/m 3 occurred at the center of the mine site. The value of PM 10 at the project site was 90.0 µg/m 3 observed after impact of movement of vehicles for superposition of base-line value of 82.5 µg/m 3 on the transportation of mineral. The details incremental GLC of 7.5 µg/m 3 occurred under the influence of the model used and input of westerly winds as evident from wind rose. parameters used for modeling should Air quality modeling has been incorporated in the EIA 1/11

35 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT be provided. The air quality contours report for prediction of impact due to proposed project may be shown on a location map including blasting, loading and haul road transportation clearly indicating location of the site, activities on Section 4.2 page 4/2 of Chapter 4. location of sensitive receptors, if any The wind rose diagram indicating predominant wind and the habitation. The wind roses direction is shown in Figure 4.1 Page no.4/3 of Chapter-4. showing predominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map. 18. The water requirement for the project, its availability and source to be The daily water demand will be 30 KLD, out of which 10 KLD is required for domestic purpose, 13 KLD for dust furnished. A detailed water balance Suppression and for washing 7 KLD. All plantations will be should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the project should also be indicated. done before monsoon. The water demand will be met from bore well in the ML area as well as mine sump. The water quality is potable in nature. 19. Necessary clearance from the The daily water demand will be 30 KLD, which will be met Competent Authority for drawl of from Mine Sump and Bore well. requisite quantity of water for the project should be provided 20. Details of water conservation 7 KLD water used in washing of Silica Sand will be reused. measures proposed to be adopted in the project should be given. 21. Impact of the project on the water quality both surface and groundwater should be assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if any required should be provided. 22. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may Surface water A 15m barrier zone will be left from the side of nalla and The water demand of the project will be met from the Mine Sump and Bore well. Ground water There will be no abstraction of ground water. The water table in the area is about m bgl. The proposed mining will, therefore, not intercept the ground water table. The water table varies from 20m to 25m bgl in and around the lease area. The mining activity will be restricted up 100 mrl. Therefore the mining activities will not intercept 1/12

36 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT be provided. In case the working will ground water. intersect groundwater table, a detailed hydro geological study should be undertaken and report furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished. 23. Details of first order stream, if any There is seasonal nalla of first order on east side flowing passing through lease area and towards north. A barrier zone of 15 m along the nalla will be modification/diversion proposed, if maintained. any and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out. 24. Details of rainwater harvesting Rain water harvesting has been proposed at the conceptual proposed, if any, in the project should be provided stage. At the end of the life of the mine, the total 65 ha area will be used for quarries out of which 9 ha will be backfilled and will rehabilitated by afforestation and remaining 56 ha will converted to water reservoir for RWH. The map showing the water reservoir is given as Conceptual plan Figure 2.7 page 2/20 of Chapter Information on site elevation, working AMSL bgl depth, groundwater table etc. should Site elevation 146m - be provided both in AMSL and bgl. A Working depth 126m 20 m schematic diagram may also be Ground water (premonsoon) 90m 35 m (from provided for the same. WD) Ground water (post-monsoon) 95m 30m (from WD) Groundwater schematic diagram is shown in Figure 4.3 page 4/9 of Chapter Quantity of solid waste generation to OB waste to be generated up to the life of mine is discussed 1/13

37 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT be estimated and details for its under Chapter 9, Section of EIA report page no. 9/4. disposal and management should be Method of disposal and management of waste is discussed provided. The quality, volumes and under Chapter 9, Section of EIA report page no. 9/4. methodology planned for removal and utilization (preferably concurrently) of The OB and waste will be utilized for backfilling of the mined out area. top soil should be indicated, Details of backfilling proposed, if any, should also be given. It may be clearly indicated that out of the total waste generated during the mine life, how much quantity would be backfilled and how much quantity would be disposed off in the form of external dump (number of dumps, their height, terraces etc. To be brought out). 27. The reclamation plan, post mine land The reclamation plan is given in Chapter-4 Section use and progressive greenbelt page no.- 4/12 development plan shall be prepared in tabular form (prescribed format) and submitted. 28. Impact on local transport About 2,50,000 TPA of silica sand will be dispatched. Daily infrastructure due to the project should be indicated. Project increase in truck traffic as a result of the project in the present road network (including those dispatch will be tonnes, requiring 85 trips of trucks having a capacity of 10 tones. Thus, every hour 8 trucks/hr will be dispatched. The area is connected by a metalled road. This road is connected to mine site by haul road. Due to the outside the project area) should be project there will be slight increase in trucks on the existing worked out, indicating whether it is road, hence the changes will not affect the existing capable of handling the increase load. environment. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies such as State Government) 1/14

38 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT should be covered. 29. Details of the infrastructure facilities to be provided for the mine workers should be included in the EIA report. 30 Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Rehabilitation of mined out area (With plans and with adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report. 31 Phase-wise plan of greenbelt development, plantation and compensatory afforestation should be carted clearly indication the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. 32. Occupational heath impact of project should be anticipated and prevention measures initiated. Details in this regard should be proved. Details of pre Temporary Infrastructure facilities to be provided for the mine workers are as under:- i. Shelter/ rest room ii. Separate facility for women and male workers iii. Medical first aid room iv. Training center v. Canteen facilities. Conceptual plans and sections are given in Figure-2.10 page 2/25 and Figure-2.11 page 2/26 of Chapter 2. The conceptual post mining land use and reclamation and rehabilitation of mined out area is given Chapter-2 Table 2.9 page no.-2/27 At the end of the life of the mine, the total 82 ha area will be used for quarries out of which ha will be backfilled and will rehabilitated by afforestation and remaining ha will converted to water reservoir for RWH. Year wise green belt development and plantation program are given under Chapter 9, Section 9.5 of EIA report page no.- 9/5 All safety measures prescribed under mining laws will be followed strictly. All workers will be medically examined in pre placement phase. Periodical medical examination as per Mines Rule /15

39 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT placement medical examination and will be done every 5 years. The persons working in dusty periodical medical examination environment will be examined every year as per the DGMS schedules should be incorporated in circular No. 01 of Medical examination will be the EMP. as per the medical fitness prescribed under Form P and P1 of the Mines Rule 1955, amended by Mines (amendment) Rules, The details of Occupational health impact of project and Details of pre placement medical examination and periodical medical schedules are described under Chapter 4, Section 4.7. page no. 4/ Public health implication of the project The budget for health implication of the project is provided and related activities for the in chapter-9 table 9.5 page no.-9/12 population in the impact zone should be systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial measures should be detailed along the budgetary allocation. 34 Measures of socio economic Measures of socio-economic influence to the local significance and influence to the local community have been furnished and described under community proposed to be provided Chapter 3, Section 3.11 of EIA report. Page no.-3/32 by project proponent should be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frame for implementation. 35. Details environmental management Detailed Environmental Management Plan is discussed plan to mitigate the environmental under Chapter 9 of EIA report. impacts which, should inter-alia also include the impact due to change of land use, due to loss of agricultural land and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts of the projects. 1/16

40 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 36. Public hearing points raised and The public hearing for Pardawan Silica Sand Mine was commitment of the project proponent conducted on , as per the Environment Impact on the same along with time bound Assessment Notification dated 14th September action plan to implement the same The details of Public hearing points raised and commitment should be provided. of the project proponent on the same along with time bound action plan to implement the same are given in Section 7.1 page 7/2 of Chapter 7. The public hearing proceedings are attached as Annexure Details of litigation pending against All documents attached as Annexure-6 the project, if any, with direction / (i) The honorable High Court of U.P. has closed the order passed by any Court of Law mining operation in the state of Uttar Pradesh which was against the project should be given. operating without Environmental Clearance after 30 th June The mine was closed in compliance of the above order. A separate PIL too was filed against this project for working without EC (ii)(a) Shri Manu Agrawal claimed to be attorney of the firm. (b) The State Government vide order dated canceled the attorney of Shri Manu Agrawal as he was not legal heir of the deceased partners. (c) Shri Manu Agrawal filed W.P. No. 8433/2008 before the Hon ble High court, Allahabad against the order of the state Government. The Hon ble High court upheld the order of the state government vide order dated (d) Shri Manu Agrawal again filed a special appeal No. 660 of 2008 before the Hon ble High Court, Allahabad against the order of the Hon ble High court dated The appeal was dismissed by the Hon ble High court on (e) Shri Manu Agrawal has again filed a S.L.P. No / 2008 before the Hon ble Supreme Court. The matter is with the court and no order or direction has yet been passed. 1/17

41 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 1: Introduction WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 38. The cost of the project (capital cost This is an existing mine, presently stopped, so no major and recurring cost) as well as the cost capital investment is involved, However detailed towards implementation of EMP should clearly be spelt out. Environmental Management Plan cost is discussed under Chapter 9. ******************* 1/18

42 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION INDEX SI.NO CONTENT PAGE NO 2.0 GENERAL 2/2 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 2/2 2.2 LOCATION DETAILS 2/2 2.3 LEASE HOLD AREA 2/3 2.4 GEOLOGY 2/7 2.5 QUALITY OF RESERVES 2/8 2.6 MINING 2/ GENERAL FEATURES 2/ PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE/ STAGES 2/28 2/1

43 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 2.0 GENERAL The Environmental Impact Assessment Documentation has been prepared in terms of EIA notification of 2006 and 2009, 2013 and the EIA Guidance Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF, Govt. of India, for seeking environmental clearance for mining in the existing area of Pardawan Silica Sand Mine lease measuring hectares falling under category A. 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT This is a project for mining of mineral Silica Sand Mine by open cast other than fully mechanized method. The total lease area considered is 93.15ha of non forest land. The proposed production is 2,50,000 TPA. The Cost of the project is 2 Crores. The mining lease was initially sanctioned for 20 year period w.e.f to The lessee applied for 1st renewal of mining lease for further 20 years period w.e.f to The lessee again applied for 2nd renewal of mining lease on as the 1st renewal was not accorded and the 2nd renewal felt due. The mining plan for renewal of mining lease is approved vide letter No.- UP/Allahabad/Silica Sand/MPLN/R-01/13-14 dated The mine is presently closed for want of Environment Clearance in compliance of the Hon ble High Court, Allahabad order to obtain the same. 2.2 LOCATION DETAILS District/ state Tehsil Village Khasra No./ Area (ha) Ownership/ Occupancy Area acquired or surface right of lessee Chitrakoot (U.P.) Mau Pardawan Cadastral Survey Number 1379/1, 1379/2, 1378, 1376/2, 1377 & 1375, 1385, 1386, 1387, 1388, 1389, 1390, 1391, 1392, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1431, 1432, 1433, 1434, 1435, 1439, 1440, 1441 Containing an area of hects. Or there about delineated on the plan hereto annexed and there on coloured red. Partly Government & partly Private Land Surface right acquired in ha. Government land. Total The lease area is 45 kms from Distt. headquarter Allahabad via Shivrajpur. It is 37 kms on Allahabad - Banda PWD road upto Shivrajpur turning. From Shivrajpur the lease area is 8 2/2

44 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT kms towards north-west direction. It is 6 kms on Shivrajpur-Pratappur road and than 2 kms on Kachha road towards west via village Lakhnauti. The nearest rail head is Shankargarh at a distance of about 10 kms towards SSE on Jabalpur-Allahabad section of Western Central Railway. Latitude '01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North Longitude '52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East 2.3 LEASE HOLD AREA The entire lease hold area of ha, Government and private land. The breakup of the land use for ancillary feature around the mining area is given below. Sl. No Table 2.1: Existing Features in the vicinity of the mining area Item (A) Lease area (B) Mining & allied activities i. Pit ii. Dumps/ore stack iii. Roads iv. Site services/ Washing Plant v. Plantation etc. vi. Water body (c) Hutments/Infrastructure Undisturbed area Forest Land (Ha.) Agri. Land (Ha) Type of Land (in hects.) Grazing Barren Land Land Any other type Total TOPOGRAPHY The topography of the lease area is almost plain having gentle slope towards NNW. The highest elevation is 146m A.M.S.L. towards south side of the lease area and the lowest elevation is about 116m A.M.S.L. towards north-west of the lease area. There is seasonal nalla within the mine lease area. The main drainage of the area is through seasonal water courses situated in north side of the applied area which discharges into Yamuna River situated in north at 4.0 kms distance. 2/3

45 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT PROJECT SITE Figure 2.1: Map Showing State, District and Project Location 2/4

46 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.2 (A): Topomap (1:50,000) with 10 km radius demarcation around the proposed project site Figure 2.2 (B): Corner-Coordinates map of the Mine Lease Area 2/1

47 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.3 Surface Plan of Mine Lease Area 2/2

48 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 2.4 GEOLOGY i. Regional Geology Regional investigation of the glass deposit of Allahabad and Banda District and adjoining Madhya Pradesh was carried out by Mehta (1951) and various others including Uttar Pradesh directorate (1977). As a result of this working the Kymore quartzite formation has been divided into :- (1) Pratappur member. (2) Shankargarh member and (3) Manduri Hindoldandi member The largest mines of Silica Sand are situated in the Pratappur member in Derabari, Kolhai, Bhainsahi, Pardawan, Kanchanpur and Manduri, where the thickness of horizons is upto 30m. There is a great variation in the friability from the area to another. The Shankargarh member forming the Shankargarh-Bargarh plateau contains a horizon 1 to 3m thickness of friable sandstone and thus extensively mined. The Manduri- Hindoldandi member occurs as small outliners in Bhainsahi, Derabari, Manduri and Hindoldandi areas and generally the entire exposed thickness of this 16m thickness member is friable. The reserve are however limited. Based on Auden (1933), the classification of the Kymore group is given below:- Fine clean Quartzites Dhandraul with sand grains upto 0.5mm Quartzite secondary silica sand current Upper Vidhyan Mangesar bedded Kymore series Formation Scarp sand stone & Flaggy, green ripple marked Conglomerate sandstone splits sandy shales conglomerates ii. Local Geology The silica sand of the lease area belong to Shankargarh member in Shankargarh-Bargarh plateau. The succession of rocks in the lease area is summarized below. Recent to sub-recent Soil - 0 to 0.5 m Upper Vindhyan Hard Sandstone to 1.5 m Silica Sand to 15 m contd. 2/3

49 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT In this property the bed dips 30 northerly. The strike direction is E- W. One set of joint pattern is clearly visible in the working faces along the bedding plane with thin intermittent clay bands of 10-20cm thickness. The mineralisation has occurred due to percolation of rain water into the under lying softer quartzites, leaching out a part of iron oxide. This leaching of iron oxide releases the cementing material of Vindhyan sandstone and liberates the sand grains of low iron content, sand therefore it finds industrial use. During the monsoon leaching occurs at the surface of quartzites. This makes the sandstone soft and friable and low in the iron oxides. The same after crushing is termed as Silica Sand which is usually a mixture of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and other oxides in traces. The overlying rocks outcrops as hard sandstone and remain unleached and a portion of this is covered by alluvium. The top therefore is partly hard sandstone as skin formation and partly alluvium. Below this friable silica sand occurs which is actually mined as silica sand. The mineralisation in this bed can be taken as 90%. This silica sand deposit of the lease area is termed as Naini sands, which is disintegration product of cemented sandstones of Upper Vindhyan age. At various horizon the cementing material of this rocks has leached out thus producing a highly friable, loose and fine to medium grained sand trapped between two harder and somewhat more compact layers. This weathered horizon is the producers of silica sand which is also popularly called Shankargarh sand. 2.5 QUALITY OF RESERVES The Silica Sand in the applied area is of glass as well as foundry grade RESERVES Table 2.2: Estimation of reserves as per UNFC guidelines United Nations Frame-work UNFC code Silica Sand (t.) Classification (UNFC) Probable Mineral Reserve ,24,225 Probable Mineral Reserve ,10,100 Pre-Feasibility Mineral Resource ,80,150 Pre-Feasibility Mineral Resource 222 7,70,475 Measured Mineral Resource Indicated Mineral Resource Inferred Mineral Resource Reconnaissance Mineral Resource 334-2/4

50 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.4: Geological Plan 2/5

51 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.5: Geological Sections 2/6

52 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Life of the Mine:- The expected rate of production is expected to be around 2,50,000 TPA from 4th year when the mine will be fully developed. The anticipated life of mine will be as follows Total production during 1st 3 years = t Therefore, Life of mine at proposed production of 2,50,000 TPA from 4th year = 3 years + ( t t) = 23 Years 2,50,000 TPA 2.6 MINING The mine will be worked by opencast other than fully mechanized method. Pre production & development plan prepared and appended. The ultimate pit limit has been drawn leaving 7.5m barrier zone from ML boundary, 50m from electric line and 15.0m from seasonal water course. The working has been proposed towards south & east in order to minimize land degradation and working at one place. All operation of mining such as development, winning of ore, loading and transport will be carried out by utilising HEMM. Drilling and blasting has been proposed of 32mm dia holes upto 1.5m depth. The spacing will be 1.0m and burden 0.8m. I. Production Target 2, 50,000 TPA II. Mode of Mining Mining is proposed by Open cast other than fully mechanized method. Occasionally drilling and blasting will be carried out using 32mm dia holes of 1.5m depth. Development will be carried out by HEMM while the production will be done by manual as well as HEMM. Loading will be carried out by manual/ machine while unloading by dumpers. III Bench dimension (W x H) 3.0 m x 3.0 m in ore body. 2/7

53 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 2.3: Prior Production Details of Pardawan Silica Sand Mine YEAR MINERAL (t.) Silica Sand Total 43, The year-wise production is tabulated below: Table 2.4: Year wise production details Year Saleable Ore (t.) 1 st 87,187 2 nd 1,47,134 3 rd 1,23,177 Total 3,57, Open Cast Mining Opencast other than fully mechanized method of mining will be adopted in the lease area. Working has been carried out two places in pit No.-1 & 7 located towards south east and was worked for Silica Sand. Haul road has been extended to the floor of the quarry. Drilling and blasting has been carried out of 32 mm dia holes. There are 8 pits in the lease area Mining Plan Opencast Other than fully mechanized method of mining will be adopted in the lease area in future. All operation of mining such as development, winning of ore, loading and transport will be carried out by utilizing HEMM. No deep hole drilling and blasting is proposed. Drilling and blasting will be carried out of dia 32mm of depth 1.5m in mineral. The development benches in mineral of uniform 3.0m height will be developed. However sub benching will be done to facilitate Jack Hammer drilling and blasting and where ever formation changes due to dip of beds. The recovery from individual bench zone will depend on presence of waste band in that zone as well as on recovery of saleable ore from ore band. The width of the bench will not be less than the height of the bench towards UPL while 2/8

54 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 10.0m to 15.0m in working face. The lumps/boulder of Silica Sand after drilling will be broken manually by hammers or by crusher while the friable Silica Sand is directly transported to the washing plant. While planning the proposal for the ensuing three years period, economic depth of the pit for minimum degradation of land has been considered. In order to prevent haphazard excavation of pits, the development has been proposed in pit 1 & 7. The height of the northern and western faces will be reduced to 3.0m. No labour camp is proposed within the applied area. The transport of men is not applicable and they will come from nearby villages on their own. No tubs, haulage rope, conveyor or locomotive will be used. The OB and ore will be excavated and loaded mechanically on dumpers. The haul road is extended to each bench at a gradient of 1 in 16 while ramp will be of gradient 1 in 10. Pit 7- The pit - 7 will be advanced towards south-west during the proposal period. The development will be carried out in three benches of height 3.0m and width 3.0m to 10m. In 1 st bench the soil found in pockets upto thickness of 0.50m will be scrapped of initially. The hard Silica Sand then found upto 1.50m will be used in crusher or will become friable after the monsoon. The soft Silica Sand then will be mined in sub bench to be used in washing plant. The 2 nd and 3 rd bench will be in soft Silica Sand of height 3.0m each and width 3.0m to 10.0m. The RL of 1 st bench will be 133m, 134m & 135m respectively during 1 st to 3 rd year, RL of 2 nd bench will be 130m, 131m & 132m respectively during 1 st to 3 rd year & RL of 3 rd bench will be 127m, 128m & 129m respectively during 1 st to 3 rd year. Pit 1- The pit - 1 will be developed from year 2 nd and advanced towards south-west & north-west during the proposal period. The development will be carried out in three benches of height 3.0m and width 3.0m to 10m. In 1 st bench the soil found in pockets upto thickness of 0.50m will be scrapped of initially. The hard Silica Sand then found upto 1.50m will be used in crusher or will become friable after the monsoon. The soft Silica Sand then will be mined in sub bench to be used in washing plant. The 2 nd and 3 rd bench will be in soft Silica Sand of height 3.0m each and width 3.0m to 10.0m. The RL of 1 st bench will be 130m & 131m respectively during 2 nd & 3 rd year, RL of 2 nd bench will be 127m & 128m respectively during 2 nd to 3 rd year & RL of 3 rd bench will be 124m & 125m respectively during 2 nd to 3 rd year. 2/9

55 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 2.5: Design parameters for year wise development / production Yrs Bench B -1 OB/Silic a Sand B-2 Silica Sand B-3 Silica Sand Soil (t.) OB/ Waste (t.) Productio n (t.) Stripping ratio Area of Excavation (sqm) Av. Th. of excavation st (m) Volume (cum) :0.43 Production (t.) Soil (t.) O.B./Waste (t.) Reduced Level (m) Area of Excavation (sqm) Av. Th. of excavation nd (m) Volume (cum) :0.40 Production (t.) Soil (t.) O.B./Waste (t.) Reduced Level (m) Area of Excavation rd (sqm) Av. Th. of excavation :0.41 (m) Volume (cum) /10

56 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Production (t.) Soil (t.) O.B./Waste (t.) Reduced Level (m) Total 28,864 1,19,168 3,57,498 1:041 2/11

57 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.6:5 th year development plan 2/12

58 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT (b) Drilling: - Drilling will be done as per parameters given below. Spacing - 1m Burden m Depth of hole - 1.5m (c) Blasting: - Blasting will be done as per details here under: - (i) Broad blasting parameter: - Spacing - 1m Burden m Depth of hole - 1.5m Charge per hole gms Powder factor t./kg Dia of hole - 32mm (ii) Type of explosive to be used:- (a) (b) (c) Nitrate Mixture OD Safety Fuse (iii) Powder factor in ore and overburden:- Powder factor in mineral will be 6 tonnes per kg of explosive. (iv) Whether secondary blasting in needed: - No. (v) Storage of explosive (Like capacity and type of explosive magazine):- No storage of explosive will be done at mine site presently. The pre-calculated quantity of explosive will be taken from the authorised dealer and transported in permitted carrier on the scheduled day for blasting and will be used on the very same day. The storage of explosives will be done in accordance with the Indian Explosives Act and the Rules made there under. The explosive will be supplied by the explosive van. Details of Machinery: Type (i) Atlas Copco Compressor (ii) Jack Hammer Nos. Dia of hole Size / (mm.) capacity Make Motive Power CFM Atlas Diesel Copco 4 32 Compressed air H.P /13

59 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description (iii) L & T PC- 200/ Hyd. Excavator WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT cum L & T/ Tata Diesel 210 Dumpers 3 10 t. Tata Diesel 110 (Haulage) Dumpers/Trucks t Tata Diesel 110 (Transport) Tractors 3.0 t. Hindustan Diesel 50 Water Tanker ltr. Hindustan Diesel 95 with water Sprinkler Jeeps Disposal of Waste Nature of waste (1) Top soil: - The soil is sandy in nature in loose form mixed with grit and small pebbles. It is only found in patches above sand stone. (2) Over burden/ Mine waste:- This is in the form of unaltered sandstone and intercalated clay etc. This will be in loose form in the shape of chips and lumps. The lumpy boulder will be sold after permission from state govt. The year wise generation of O.B. and mine waste during proposal period is given below. The quantity of OB/Mine Waste (Inter burden) within ore body has been considered as 25% based on the past experience during mining. Table 2.6: Year Wise Waste Generation Year Soil (cum) OB/waste (cum) 1 st nd rd Total 18,040 59,584 Selection of disposal Site: The Soil will be utilized for preparation of protective bund towards sloping side of the ML area in 660m length and 6m width. Plantation will be raised on it. The sides of protective 2/14

60 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT bund will be sloped at an angle of repose i.e. less than 30 0 from the horizontal. The OB/waste will be stacked towards south west Use of Mineral Grade Specification The mineral finds use in different grades and qualities in different industrial. For glass industry very low iron percentage of 0.02 % to 0.05 % is accepted. For sheet glass 0.20 % to 0.50 % is accepted. For coloured glass upto 1 % iron is required mesh size of +14 is demanded for glass industries. Mineral containing 1 to 1.5 % of iron is sold to steel foundry. The mesh size desired is +10. Mineral containing 1 to 2 % iron is sold to silicate, mixed grades of above can be useable. The clay content should be less than 2%. No mesh size is compulsory. 2.7 GENERAL FEATURES i. Mine Drainage The groundwater table in the lease area varies from 20m to 25m bgl during post-monsoon, whereas it ranges between 25m bgl to 30m bgl during pre-monsoon. The RL of the present working is 115m RL and that proposed is upto 110 m RL. Working is expected to be done 20m bgl i.e. 115m RL by the end of 5th year. The water table varies from 90m to 95m RL. Thus working will be 20m above GWT by the end of 5th year. The main drainage of the area is through seasonal water courses situated in east and west side of the applied area which discharges into Yamuna River situated in north at 4.0 kms distance. 2/15

61 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 2.7: Drainage Map 2/16

62 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT ii. Vehicular Traffic Density Shivrajpur is 37 kms on Allahabad - Banda PWD road from Allahabad. From Shivrajpur the lease area is 8 kms towards north-west direction. It is 6 kms on Shivrajpur-Pratappur road and than 2 kms on Kachha road towards west via village Lakhnauti. The National Highway has traffic density of 4 to 5 trucks per minute. On Highway 10 to 20 tons trucks/trolleys ply regularly and these will easily accommodate 7 trucks per hour. iii. Mineral Beneficiation/Processing The hard silica sand in lower bench will be crushed in the crushing unit (mobile) of capacity 20 TPH. The silica sand from the mine will be processed in washing plant to remove impurities. The washing and screening in different grain sizes as per the size and chemical specification is carried out. The different mesh size specification is as follows - 12, 14, 16, 20 & 24 are carried out. The different mesh size specification for grading of Silica Sand is as under - Glass Grade - +14, Foundary For silicate industry, clay should be less than 2%. Washing stage of ROM material:- The R.O.M mineral is dumped on a sloping platform where it is dropped in gravitational chambers where it is fed by a 10 mm hose. The water forces the mineral to pass through a sieve where the unwanted size is separated. Only the desired size reaches the intensive washing tank. During this process clay particles & free iron which is deleterious in glassmaking process is removed & then the sand is collected, loaded into trucks and sent to consumers. 2/17

63 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MINING Mineral being soft has been excavated manually with hand tools LOADING Loading is done manually into trucks Stocks of mineral are loaded into the trucks & carried to the washing plant within the lease area for washing UNLOADING Inside mine Smaller sized silica sand are directly send to washing plant CRUSHER (Mobile) Large size silica sand particles are crushed to smaller sizes WASHING Washing will be done with the help of water which is sprayed over the ROM with 2 dia pipe fitted with 8 & 10 H.P. Pump & passed through screen of 10 mesh to 20 mesh size DUMP Removed manually near washing plant Instantaneously and dump separately. Screen the materials (RODI) produced which can be used after few years after washing. Fig: 2.8 Mineral Processing Flow Sheet of Washing of Silica Sand 2/18

64 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT iv. Township Bachelor accommodation to operator and staff will be provided at the mine site, free lodging is also provided to all employees. Local labours will be employed mine site who come from local villages and such they do not require any accommodation at the mine. v. Power, Water Supply and other Infrastructure requirements a. Power Electrical power will be required only for site office and will be obtained from solar energy. b. Water Supply Requirement of domestic water is fulfilled by open wells and tube wells in the lease area as well as nearby Pardawan village. The dug wells are generally 15 m to 18m deep and level in this fluctuates between 6m in rainy season to 15m during summer. Table 2.7: Daily water requirement Activity Water requirement, m 3 /d Source Dust suppression 4 Washing 7 Domestic 7 dug wells / tube wells Green Belt 12 Total 30 TOTAL WATER DEMAND 30.0 KLD DOMESTIC PURPOSES 4.0 KLD DUST SUPPRESSION 7.0 KLD GREEN BELT 12 KLD WASHING PLANT/CRUSHER 7.0 KLD RECYCL ED & REUSED 1.0 KLD 6.0 KLD Figure 2.9: Water Demand Diagram 2/19

65 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT c. Infrastructure requirements Roads and railways are close to the working site. Manpower is readily available. d.management & Supervisory Personnel The mine will be placed under the charge of a mine manager holding 1 st Class Mines Manager s certificate. He will be responsible for the entire management of the mines. He along with the assistance of two mining mates will look after day to day mining operations. Besides, one mining engineer under Rule 42 of MCDR, 1988 will be appointed. Surveying work will be done contractually. e. Manpower Requirement About 150 persons will be getting direct employment in this mine. Table 2.8: Manpower requirement S. No Qualification No. of persons proposed 1 Skilled (mining engineer) 1 2 Geologist 1 3 Mining mate 1 2 Skilled (Foreman) 10 3 Semi- skilled 20 4 Unskilled 117 Total 150 2/20

66 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure-2.10 Conceptual Plan 2/21

67 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure-2.11 Conceptual section 2/22

68 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT LANDUSE PATTERN Table 2.9: The present, operational and post operational land use pattern is given below (unit in ha.) S.NO LAND USE EXISTING 5TH YEAR CONCEPTUA (ha) END (HA) L (HA) 1 Total area excavated (broken) (82.0) 2 Area fully mined out (out of 1) Nil Nil (82.0) 3 Area fully reclaimed Nil Nil (Backfilled out of 2) (21.50) 4 Area rehabilitated out by afforestation (Backfilled area-9 Nil Nil Area rehabilitated by water Nil Nil harvesting Total area under dumps Nil 7 Area under active dumps Nil 8 Area under Road Nil Area under Green belt (i.e. plantation on area other than Nil dump and backfilled area) 10 Area under infrastructure Garland Drain Nil Nalla Total /23

69 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 2: Project Description WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 2.8 Project Implementation Schedule/Stages Implementation Schedule of the Project will start from the date the Mining Lease Deed is executed and registered. Table 2.10: The implementation schedule Months Activities Consent to establish and operate from PCB Environment Clearance Placing the Order for Mining Machinery Civil construction at Mine, Road, Buildings Mine Development Production to commence **************** 2/24

70 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER- 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT INDEX SI.NO CONTENT PAGE. NO 3.1 PREAMBLE 3/2 3.2 STUDY AREA 3/2 3.3 STUDY PERIOD 3/2 3.4 METEROLOGICAL CONDITIONS 3/3 3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3/4 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3/ WATER ENVIRONMENT 3/ SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 3/ LAND USE/ LAND COVER MAPPING OF STUDY AREA 3/ TRAFFIC STUDY 3/ SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN 3/ BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3/55 3/1

71 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Preamble Baseline environmental status in and around proposed mining lease area depicts the existing environmental conditions of air, noise, water, soil, biological and socio-economic environment. The proposed project as a center, a radial distance of 10 km is considered as study area for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring. The data was collected for various environmental attributes so as to compute the impacts that are likely to arise due to proposed development activity by GRC, India Training and Analytical Laboratory recognized by MoEF as per Environment (Protection) Act, The main aim of the impact assessment study depends mainly on two factors. One is the estimation of impact from proposed project on the environment and second one is the assessment of the environmental condition. Both are key factors to arrive at the post project scenario. The estimated impact due to the proposal mine lease area can be superimposed over the existing conditions to arrive at the post project scenario. The scope of the baseline studies includes detailed characterization of following environmental components, which are most likely to be influenced by the setting up of a mine lease area. Metrological conditions Ambient Air Quality Noise levels Water Quality (Surface + Ground water) Soil Quality Socio economic status 3.2 Study Area The proposed mine lease boundary, a radial distance of 10 km is considered as study area for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring. The major industrial activity in the study area is existing mines. 3.3 Study Period The baseline environment study was carried out over a radial distance of 10 km around the mine during pre-monsoon season of 2012 covering the months of March 2012 to May /2

72 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.4. Meteorological Conditions Meteorology is the key to understand the air quality. The essential relationship between meteorology and atmospheric dispersion involves wind in the broadest sense. Wind fluctuations over a very wide range of time, accomplish dispersion and strongly influence other processes associated with them. A meteorological station was set up at the proposed plant premises. Meteorological data was generated during the post monsoon season monitoring period as mentioned above. The following parameters were recorded at hourly intervals continuously during monitoring period: Wind speed Wind Direction Air Temperature Rainfall was recorded on daily basis. Table-3.1: Summarized meteorological data for the monitoring period (March 2012 to May 2012) Wind Speed Month (km/h) Temperature ( C) Rainfall (mm) Max Avg Max Min Avg No. of rainy Days March April May Nil 3/3

73 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.1: Wind-Rose diagram at project site 3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT Ambient Air Quality The ambient air quality was monitored in the impact area as per MoEF guidelines. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The prime objective of the baseline air quality study was to assess the ambient air quality of the mining lease area Methodology Adopted For the Study The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance programme has been based on the following consideration. 3/4

74 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Meteorological parameters Topography of the study area Representative of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status Representative of likely impact areas. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at 10 locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points. AAQM locations were selected in downwind and upwind direction of the proposed mining lease area covering core and buffer zones. The details of the monitoring stations are given in Figure 3.2. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out twice a week with a frequency of 24 hours for 12 weeks during the study period. The common air pollutants namely Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ), Particulate Matter-10 (PM 10 ), Sulphur-dioxide (SO 2 ) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NO X ), has been measured through a planned field monitoring. 3/5

75 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.2: Map showing ambient air monitoring locations marked within the study area 3/1

76 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table-3.2: Location of Ambient Air Quality monitoring stations Distance w.r.t Direction Locations Code Locations to the mine w.r.t to the (km) mine Core Zone AQ1 Project Site Buffer Zone AQ2 Bargari 2 E AQ3 Near project site 500m E AQ4 Biharia 2 S AQ5 Near forest boundary 3 West AQ6 Gaund 3 SE AQ7 Dhopra 4 NE AQ8 Baghla 8 E AQ9 Bigarha Usmanpur 8 N AQ10 Gadarwan 8 S Table-3.3: Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area PM Location PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) Code Name of the Station Min Max Average 98 th percentiles AQ1 Project Site AQ2 Bargari AQ3 Near project site AQ4 Biharia AQ5 Near forest boundary AQ6 Gaund AQ7 Dhopra AQ8 Baghla AQ9 Bigarha Usmanpur AQ10 Gadarwan /2

77 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table-3.4: Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area PM Location PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) Code Name of the Station Min Max Average 98 th percentiles AQ1 Project Site AQ2 Bargari AQ3 Near project site AQ4 Biharia AQ5 Near forest boundary AQ6 Gaund AQ7 Dhopra AQ8 Baghla AQ9 Bigarha Usmanpur AQ10 Gadarwan Table-3.5: Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area SO Location SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) Code Name of the Station Min Max Average 98 th percentiles AQ1 Project Site AQ2 Bargari AQ3 Near project site AQ4 Biharia AQ5 Near forest boundary BDL AQ6 Gaund BDL AQ7 Dhopra BDL AQ8 Baghla BDL AQ9 Bigarha Usmanpur BDL AQ10 Gadarwan BDL /3

78 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table-3.6: Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area NO Location NOx(as NO 2 ) (µg/m 3 ) Code Name of the Station Min Max Average 98 th percentiles AQ1 Project Site AQ2 Bargari AQ3 Near project site AQ4 Biharia AQ5 Near forest boundary AQ6 Gaund AQ7 Dhopra AQ8 Baghla AQ9 Bigarha Usmanpur AQ10 Gadarwan : Baseline Scenario a) Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) Fine particles include all types of combustion, including motor vehicles, power plants, residential wood burning, forest fires, agricultural burning, and some industrial processes. In general some of the important sources of particulate matter are mines. The following sources of particulate matter in the study area are identified: Emission due to vehicular movement Dust generation from ground or other mining operations PM 2.5 recorded within the study area was in the range of 22.8µg/m 3 to 39.3µg/m 3 with the 98 th percentile ranging between 28.3µg/m 3 to 38.4µg/m 3 were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and found that all sampling stations recorded in the study area are within the applicable limits i.e., 60µg/m 3 for PM 2.5 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas. b) Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10) Suspended particulate matter in general terms is the particulate matter in suspension in ambient air. It includes dust, smoke etc. In general some of the important sources of suspended particulate matter are mines. The following sources of suspended particulate matter in the study area are identified: Emission due to vehicular movement Dust generation from ground or other mining operations 2 3/4

79 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT PM 10 recorded within the study area was in the range of 64.0µg/m 3 to 85.7µg/m 3 with the 98th percentile ranging between 84.9µg/m 3 to 73.5 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of PM10 were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and found that all sampling stations recorded in the study area are within the applicable limits i.e., 100 µg/m 3 for PM 10 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas. c) Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Sulphur dioxide gas is an inorganic gaseous pollutant. Sulphur dioxide emissions are expected to be emitted wherever combustion of any fuel containing sulphur takes place. The sulphur in the fuel will combine with oxygen to form sulphur dioxide. The following sources of sulphur dioxide in the study area are identified: Emissions from domestic/consumption of fuel (diesel, etc) Sulphur dioxide in atmosphere is significant because of its toxicity; sulphur dioxide is capable of producing illness and lung injury. Further it can combine with water in the air to form toxic acid aerosols that can corrode metal surfaces, fabrics and the leaves of plants. Sulphur dioxide is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory system. Excessive exposure to sulphur dioxide causes bronchial asthma and other breathing related diseases as it affects the lungs. SO 2 recorded within the study area was in the range of BDL to 8.5 µg/m 3 with the 98 th percentile ranging between 6.6 µg/m 3 to 8.3 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of SO 2 were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and it was found that all sampling stations recorded values are below the applicable limits 80 µg/m3 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas. d) Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2) The important sources of oxides of Nitrogen are from utilities and auto exhaust due to vehicular movement in mine lease area. The following sources of oxides of nitrogen in the study area are identified. Emissions from vehicular movements in the study area. Oxides of Nitrogen in the presence of sunlight will undergo reactions with a number of organic compounds to produce all the effects associated with photochemical smog. NO 2 has inherent ability to 3/5

80 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT produce deleterious effects by themselves like toxicity. It causes asphyxiation when its concentration is great enough to reduce the normal oxygen supply from the air. NO2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 12.3 µg/m 3 to 24.5 µg/m 3 with the 98th percentile ranging between 18.6 µg/m 3 to 23.8 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of NO2 were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and it was found that all sampling stations recorded values are below the applicable limits 80 µg/m 3 for industrial, residential, rural and other areas. 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Noise is one of the most undesirable and unwanted by-products of our modern life style. It may not seem as insidious or harmful as air and water pollutants but it affects human health and well-being and can contribute to deterioration of human well-being in general and can cause neurological disturbances and physiological damage to the hearing mechanism in particular. It is therefore, necessary to measure both the quality as well as the quantity of noise in and around the proposed site Source of Noise The main sources of noise in the study area are domestic activities, industrial activities and vehicular traffic. The main occupation of the villagers in the study area is agriculture and business Noise level in the Study Area The baseline noise levels have been monitored at 7 locations within the study zone, using a sound level meter and noise level measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status, keeping in view the land use pattern, industrial area, Silence Zone, residential areas in villages etc., if available within 10 km radius of the study area. The day levels have been monitored during 6.00 AM to PM and night noise levels, during PM to 6.00 AM. The noise monitoring stations are shown in Figure 3.3 and represented in Table 3.7. The results are presented in Table /6

81 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.3: Map showing ambient noise quality monitoring locations marked within the study area 3/7

82 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 3.7: Monitoring Locations Locations Code Locations Distance wrt to Direction wrt the mine (km) to the mine Core Zone NQ1 Project site Buffer Zone NQ2 Bargari 2 E NQ3 500m from lease 500m W NQ4 Biharia 2 S NQ5 Near forest boundary 3 West NQ6 Gaund 3 SE NQ7 Dhopra 4 NE Ambient Noise Standards Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) has notified the noise standards vide gazette notification dated February 14, 2000 for different zones under the Environment Protection Act (1986). These standards are given in Table-3.9 Table 3.8 Ambient Quality Standards in respect of Noise Area Code Category of Area Noise db (A) L eq Daytime* Night time* A Industrial Area B Commercial Area C Residential Area D Silence Zone Note: 1. Daytime is from 6.00am to pm and Nighttime is from pm to 6.00 am. 2. Silence zone is defined as area up to 100 meters around premises of hospitals, educational institutions and courts. Use of vehicle hours, loud speakers and bursting of crackers are banned in these zones. 3/8

83 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 3.9: Noise Levels in the study area db (A) S. PROJECT SITE ZONE LIMIT as per CPCB Observed value Leq, No. Guidelines Leq, db(a) db(a) DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT* 1 Project Site Industrial Bargari Residential m from lease Residential Area Biharia Residential Zone Near forest Silence Zone boundary 6 Gaund Residential Dhopra Residential Zone Baseline Scenario The values of noise observed in some of the areas are primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. Assessment of hourly night time Leq (Ln) varies from 48.6 to 53.6 db (A) and the hourly daytime Leq (Ld) varies 37.2 to 43.1 db (A). 3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT Water Quality Surface and groundwater samples were collected from different sources within the study area and some important physical and chemical parameters were considered for depicting the baseline status of the study area Water Quality Assessment Selected water quality parameters for water resource of the study area have been used for describing the water environment and assessing the impacts. About 3 ground water samples were collected in the study area to assess the water quality. Water samples also drawn from the hand pumps and open wells and 3 surface water samples were drawn from the the Yamuna River & Baghla Jheel used by the villagers for domestic needs. Sampling locations for water samples are shown in Figure 3.4 and the details of locations are given in Table 3.10.The water samples collected from the above locations were analyzed for important major and minor ions, and the analytical results of the water samples were compared with CPCB drinking water standards. 3/9

84 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.4: Map showing surface water and ground water sampling locations marked within the study area 3/10

85 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 3.10: Water Sampling Locations Location Code. Sample collected from Distance from Site (km) Direction Ground Water Samples GW 1 Lakhnauti 2 E GW 2 Biharia 2 S GW-3 Pardawan 5 NNW Surface Water Samples SW 1 Yamuna river (Upstream) 5 N SW 2 Yamuna River (Downstream) 5 NW SW-3 Baghla Jhil 6 E GW-Ground water SW-Surface water 3/11

86 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.11 (A): GROUND WATER QUALITY (MARCH 2012) S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Un Un Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/12

87 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.11 (B): GROUND WATER QUALITY (APRIL 2012) S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Agreeable Agreeable Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/13

88 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.11 (C): GROUND WATER QUALITY (MAY 2012) S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Agreeable Agreeable Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/14

89 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.12 (A): SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY (MAR- 2012) S.No. Parameter Unit S.W. 1 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 2 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4_P) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/15

90 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.12 (B): SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY (APR- 2012) S.No. Parameter Unit S.W. 1 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 2 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/16

91 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT TABLE 3.12 (C): SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY (MAY- 2012) S.No. Parameter Unit S.W. 1 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 2 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml Source: GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory 3/17

92 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Baseline Quality The ph limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS Standards is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the ph was varying for ground waters from 6.98 to 7.43 the surface waters are 7.18 to The ph values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to be within the limits. The desirable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS Standards is 500 mg/l where as the permissible limits in absence of alternate source is 2000mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved solids are varying from 378 mg/l to 484 mg/l. the TDS of the samples were below the desirable limit but within the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l. The desirable limit for chlorides is 250 as per IS Standards where as permissible limit of the same is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The chloride level in the surface water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 32mg/l to a maximum of 68mg/l, in ground water samples 98mg/l to 129mg/l. the chloride samples are within the desirable limits. The desirable limit as per IS Standards for hardness is 300 mg/l where as the permissible limit for the same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the hardness is varying from 139mg/l to 205mg/l. Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the desirable limit of 1mg/l and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l. however the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. if the fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l causes flurosis. In the ground water samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.3mg/l to 0.6. In surface water 0.4mg/l to 0.9mg/l. Overall all the samples collected from the study area were found to be fit for consumption, Most of ground water samples are well within the permissible limits. Most of the heavy metals in all samples are below detectable limits. 3/18

93 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.8 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS The present study on soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics in the study area surrounding the mining lease area. The study has been addressed with the following objectives. To determine the base line characteristics. To determine the soil characteristics of proposed project site. To determine the impact of industrialization/urbanization on soil characteristics. To determine the impacts on soils from agricultural productive point of view. Soil samples were collected from 7 locations to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features and each these locations were identified randomly from where soil was collected from 30 cm below the surface. The final samples represent homogenously mixed soil from these sub-locations for each location. The samples were filled in polythene bags, labeled in the field with number and site name and sent to laboratory for analysis. The soil sampling locations are given in Table Soil sampling location map is shown in Figure 3.5 and the soil analysis results are shown in Table Table 3.13: Soil Sampling Locations Locations Code Locations Distance wrt to Direction wrt the mine (km) to the mine Core Zone SQ1 Project Site Buffer Zone SQ2 Bargari 2 E SQ3 500m from lease 500m E SQ4 Biharia 2 S SQ5 Near forest boundary 3 West SQ6 Gaund 3 SE SQ7 Dhopra 4 NE 3/19

94 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table 3.14: Soil Analysis Results Parameter Unit SQ-1 SQ-2 SQ-3 SQ-4 SQ-5 SQ-6 SQ-7 Project Site Bargari 500m from Near forest Biharia lease boundary Gaund Dhopra Sandy Sandy Sandy clay Sandy Sandy Clay Loamy Clay Texture - loam loam Sandy loam loam loam sand loam Sand % Silt % Clay % ph(1:2) Electrical Conductivity (1:2) µmhos/cm Cation exchange capacity meq/100 gm Exchangeable Potassium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Sodium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Calcium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Magnesium meq/100 gm Sodium Absorption Ratio Water Holding Capacity % Porosity % Permeability cm/hrs Total kjehdahl Nitrogen % Phosphorus(Olsen s) mg/kg Organic Matter % Bulk Density gm/cc /20

95 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.5: Map showing soil sample collection points marked within the study area 3/21

96 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Results of Analysis of the Soil Physical characteristics of soil were characterized through specific parameters viz bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, ph, electrical conductivity and texture. Soil ph plays an important role in the availability of nutrients. Soil microbial activity as well as solubility of metal ions is also dependent on ph. In the study area, variations in the ph of the soil were found to be slightly basic (7.65 to 8.02). Electrical conductivity (EC) is a measure of the soluble salts and ionic activity in the soil. In the collected soil samples the conductivity ranged from µmhos/cm. The soils with low bulk density have favorable physical condition where as those with high bulk density exhibit poor physical conditions for agriculture crops. 3.9 LAND USE/LAND COVER MAPPING To assess the land use pattern surrounding the 10 km radius of the site, a detailed study was carried out. The land use pattern study reveals that the 10 km environs is predominantly agricultural land and Reserved or protected forest land around the project site. Below figure shows the delineation of settlements, forests and water bodies. Table 3.15: Land use pattern in study area LU Class Area (Ha) Percentage 1 Water Bodies Vegitation Settlement River Open Land Forest Agricultural Land Scrub Land Stony Waste Total /22

97 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.6: Land use delineation of 10 km radius area 3/23

98 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.10 TRAFFIC STUDY Traffic study is carried out by understanding the existing carrying capacity of the road in the vicinity of site and flow towards NH-76 in the area. Then depending on the capacity of the mine, the number of trucks that will be added to the present scenario will be compared to the carrying capacity and Figure 3.7 showing traffic density map. Table 3.16 (i): Existing Traffic Scenario & LOS Road V C Existing V/C Ratio LOS Vicinity of site (approach road ) A NH A V= Volume in PCU s/hr & C= Capacity in PCU s/ hr The existing Level of Service near Village is A i.e. excellent and at NH-27 is A i.e. excellent. Table 3.16 (ii): Table of LOS Level of Service A Definition Conditions of free flow; speed is controlled by driver s desires; speed limits, or physical roadway conditions. Volume to capacity ratios Freeways All other roadways Performance Excellent B Conditions of stable flow; operating speeds beginning to be restricted; little or no restriction on maneuverability from other vehicles Very Good C Conditions of stable flow; speeds and maneuverability more closely restricted; occasional backups behind left-turning vehicles at intersections Good / Average / Fair D Conditions approach unstable flow; tolerable speeds can be maintained but temporary restrictions may cause extensive delays; little freedom to maneuver; comfort and convenience low; at intersections, some motorists, especially those making left turns, Poor 3/24

99 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT may wait through one or more signal changes. E Conditions approach capacity; unstable flow with stoppages of momentary duration; maneuverability severely limited Very Poor Source: San Joaquin County General Plan 2010 During Mine operation Total Capacity of mine : 2,50,000 TPA No. of working days : 295 days Average Production per day : tonnes Truck Capacity : 20 tonnes approx Average No of truck trips per day : 44 x 2 = 88 trucks PCU/Day : 352 Road Table 3.16 (iii): Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS V (PCU/day) C (PCU/day) Modified Ratio V/C Vicinity of site (approach road ) A NH A LOS From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio is likely to change to 0.22 and 0.18 with LOS being A which is excellent for both, as per classification. So the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any significant adverse effect. 3/25

100 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 3.7: Transportation Map 3/26

101 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.11 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN Introduction In this part of the EIA report an attempt has been made to assess the Socio-Economic Impact of the proposed expansion and renewal of mining lease of Silica Sand Mine Project located at village Pardawan, District Chitrakoot, Uttar Pradesh. The total lease area is Hectares. Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) refers to systematic analysis of various social and economic characteristics of human being living in a geographical area, known as Study Area or Impact Area. It is carried out simultaneously with Environment Impact Assessment (EIA).The prime objective of the present SEIA is to identify and evaluate potential socio-economic and cultural impacts of the Silica Sand Mine Project on the lives and conditions of people, their families and their communities. If the potential impacts are significant and adverse, SEIA will provide directions to the developers and other stakeholders to reduce remove or prevent the said impacts from happening. Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) is multidisciplinary. It is prepared by using theories and methods from Economics, Statistics, Sociology, History, Psychology, Geography and Anthropology. SEIA is pre-requisite before the project is put into implementation. The impact assessment area consists of the core area where the proposed project is expected to come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of 10 km from the periphery of the core area. The assessment made in this study has pin pointed the effect of the project on social and economic well-being of the community. The impacts have been evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing, employment, wage income, consumption pattern, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of the community perceptions about development is an important measure of development impacts, without which no assessment is complete. Hence, due importance has been given on qualitative assessment of the perceptions of the community. It is hoped that the present Socio-economic Impact Assessment Report will help the mine lease holder, community leaders and local people to identify potential social equity 3/27

102 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well-being or not. Scope of the study The Scope of Socio-Economic Impact Assessment of Silica Sand Mine Project located at Pardawan, District Chitrakoot, Uttar Pradesh is as follows: a) To collect baseline data of the study area b) To comprehend socio-economic status of the people living in the study area c) To assess probable impact of the project on social and economic aspects in the study area d) To measure the impact of the project on Quality of life of the people living in the study area e) To ensure sustainability of positive impact f) To suggest mitigation measures and agency responsible for taking action in case of adverse impact Steps taken to prepare the SEIA report 1) Step 1: Literature review which includes state profile, district profile, Pre feasibility report, maps etc. 2) Step 2: Referring to TOR to get aware of the direction of the State Environment Impact Assessment committee. 3) Step 3: Identification of the study area and important landmarks therein. 4) Step 4: Preparation of List of villages and urban areas located in the study area and their distance and direction from the project site. 5) Step 5: Grouping of villages and urban areas falling under core and buffer area. 6) Step 6: Site visit to collect the facts through observations. 7) Step 7: Firming up of approach and methodology. 8) Step 8: Finalization of Questionnaires Listing schedule, Village and Household questionnaire. 3/28

103 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 9) Step 9: Collection of secondary data from Census Report, District profile, published and unpublished literatures, administrative records etc. 10) Step10: Collection of primary data from sample villages and households therein. 11) Step 11: Manual scrutiny of field in schedules (Each field-in- schedule was scrutinized as per the scrutiny programme developed by GRC). The manual scrutiny aimed at removal of duplicate records, missing records, alien records and consistency checks. 12) Step 12: Data entry and data validation. 13) Step 13: Generation of Tables 14) Step 14: Data Analysis and preparation of report Concept & Definition of Terms used in the Report Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum total of core area and buffer area with a radius of 10 km from the periphery of the project site. The study area includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling therein. QoL: The Quality of Life (QoL) refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his/her life. The Possibilities result from the opportunities and limitations, each person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and environmental factors. Enjoyment has two components: the experience of satisfaction and the possession or achievement of some characteristic. Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may be one member households, two member households or multimember households. Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed as 'number of females per 1000 males. 3/29

104 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as literates. Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the total population aged 7 years and above. Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of working age (commencing from 16 years) and below retirement (65 years) that are participating workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labour force are students, retired persons, stay-at home people, people in prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers. Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. The work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation of land or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers. Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers. 3/30

105 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Work Participation Rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total population. Birth Rate: The ratio of total live births to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The birthrate is often expressed as the number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year also called Natality. Death Rate: The ratio of total deaths to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The death rate is often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year. It is also called fatality rate or mortality rate. Maternal Mortality Rate: The maternal mortality rate, the number of maternal deaths per 1,000 women of reproductive age in the population (generally defined as years of age). Infant Mortality Rate: The infant mortality rate, the number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per 1000 live births. Approach Research approach plays an important role to decide suitable methodology. It helps to develop effective research design. There are two types of approaches Deductive and Inductive. For the preparation of the present report Inductive approach has been adopted. Under this approach the work starts with collection of data, observe a pattern in the data, develop a hypothesis based on the pattern observed and finally prepare the report. Methodology For Socio-Economic Impact Assessment of Silica Sand Mine Project at Pardawan, GRC India recourse to systematic analysis of various Socio-Economic characteristics, both in terms of quality and quantity. Accordingly, both qualitative and quantitative data was collected through primary and secondary sources. In the core zone the likely impact of the project is Maximum. Hence, a Censuscum-Sample Survey was adopted for collection of primary data. It was a Census Survey because it covered all the three villages located in the near by buffer zone. These villages are Pardawan, Lakhnauti and Bargari. It was also a sample survey because in each of the above three villages 3/31

106 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT representative households were selected scientifically for collection of information through face to face interviews with the household heads or any responsible member of the family. Further, as we move away from the core zone the potential impact declines progressively and at the outer periphery of the buffer zone it is negligible. Hence, in the buffer zone a Sample Survey was adopted for collection of Primary Data. The methodology adopted above saves both time and resources. For collection of secondary data GRC India approached the Census Authority in the state for published data/information, visited state and district portal and referred to administrative records of the state and district administration. The qualitative data deals with description; they can be observed but not measured. Hence, codes were extensively used during collection of qualitative data. They were decoded after data processing to facilitate data analysis and report writing. Sample Design Two stage sampling design was adopted in the rural areas of the study area. The first stage units were Census villages and the ultimate stage units were households in the selected villages. Sample Size The sample size was selected taking into consideration the following factors: a) 95 % Confidence Limit (Table value : 1.96) b) Margin of Error (5%)(Table value : 0.05) c) Standard Deviation ( ) d) Design Effect e) Non-response Rate The Sample size at each level was worked out by applying the following formula: n = [z*s/e] ^ 2, Where z is the z value for the level of confidence chosen, s is the estimated standard deviation and E is the allowable error. In the rural areas eight villages were selected for the survey. Further, in each selected village 15 households were interviewed for primary data collection. 3/32

107 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Method of selection of First Stage Unit (Village) Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) was adopted to select the villages from the list of villages, the size being number of households in a given village. Mapping & Listing In each sample village complete mapping and listing was undertaken. The maps were prepared for the sample villages. These maps are hypothetical and not to the scale. Listing was done in Schedule 0.0. The objective of mapping & listing was to develop a frame for selection of households for sample survey. The map helped the field personnel to identify the sample households for collecting primary data. The Listing of structures was undertaken from south-west corner of the village moving in clockwise direction and all the structures including hidden structures were covered for listing. Both residential and non-residential structures were listed for the preparation of village frame. Segmentation of Villages The large villages were segmented to save time and resources. In a sample village where number of households was 300 all the households preparation of a were sampling frame listed and f subsequent selection of households. Where the number of households were more than 300 but 600 the sample village was segmented into two parts taking natural boundaries as far as possible. Of the two segments only one segment was randomly selected for listing of structures. The village having more than 600 households was segmented into more than two parts of about 150 households each. The number of segments formed was worked out by dividing the total number of households in the village by 150. Every effort was made to create segments in such a way that total number of households in any two segments did not exceed 300. Also care was taken that the total number of households in any two segments was large enough to allow selection of required number of households. The table below indicates number of villages segmented and number of segments formed: Table 3.17: Segmentation of Large Villages S. No. Village Name Number of Number of Number of Mode Households segments formed segments selected selection segment 1 Purab Palai Mustakil Random Selection 2 Bariyari Kalan Random of of 3/33

108 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mustakil Selection 3 Barha Kotra Mustakil Kataiya Dandi Purkhas Random Selection 6 Akbarabad Random Selection 7 Bighra Usmanpur Pardawan TOTAL 14 5 It may be seen from the above table that four sample villages were segmented and the remaining four villages were not segmented as the total number of households in each of these villages was around300. Selection of Ultimate Stage Unit (Households) After completing listing of each structure in a village a list of households was prepared. The sample households were selected by adopting Systematic Sampling method. This method was adopted since the sampling frame i.e. the complete list of households was readily available. Under this method every kth unit was selected. The value of k was determined from the population size (N) and sample size (n) and k was taken as the integer nearest to each element in the population equal probability of selection. Survey Instruments and sampling interval. The above procedure ensured The following Schedules/Questionnaires were developed for collection of Primary Data through Census cum Sample survey. 1) Schedule 0.0: House Listing Schedule 2) Questionnaire SES-1A: Village Particulars 3) Questionnaire SES-2: Household Particulars Each Questionnaire is divided into several blocks and there are both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Schedule 0.0 was used for listing of residential, non-residential and residential- cum-nonresidential structures. Provision was made in the Household Questionnaire to gather information on perception of the Household regarding the project. Study Components 3/34

109 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT I. Baseline Data Baseline data refers to basic information collected before a project/scheme is implemented. It is used later to provide a comparison for assessing impact of the project. Any attempt to collect baseline data while undertaking actual impact assessment study is faced with recall error. The present report is provided with following base line data for the study area as a whole. A. Demographic Particulars i.total Population by sex and sector ii.number of households and household size iii.population of 0-6 age group iv.sex ratio for overall population and population belonging to 0-6 age group v.total number of literates vi.distribution of literates by sex vii.literacy Rate and Gender Gap in literacy rate viii.total number of workers and work participation rate ix.distribution of workers by sex x.classification and distribution of workers into Cultivators, Agricultural Labor, Household Industrial Workers and Other Workers B. Amenities i.institutional Education Facilities ii.institutional and non-institutional Medical facilities iii.drinking Water Facilities iv.availability of Power/Electricity v.post Telegram & Telephone Facilities vi.road Network vii.banks & Cooperative Societies II. Current Socio-Economic Status i.population composition ii.households and Household size iii.social groups iv.literacy Status 3/35

110 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT v.workers III. Impact of upcoming project on social and economic characteristics of the study area. Each component of the report is discussed below. Study Area The proposed expansion of Silica Sand Mine Project seeking Environment Clearance from the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India is located in Village Pardawan, Sub-district Mau, District Chitrakoot, Uttar Pradesh. While greater part of the study area is located in the state of Uttar Pradesh only a small part is falling in Madhya Pradesh. In Uttar Pradesh the study area is spread over in three districts namely Chitrakoot, Allahabad and Kaushambi. The only district belonging to Madhya Pradesh state located in the study area is Rewa. There are 41 villages in the study area but no urban areas. The district and sub-district wise list of villages with their areas are given in the table below: Table 3.18: District and Sub-district wise list of villages and their geographical areas in the Study area S. No. Village Name District Sub-District Area (in Hectare) 1 Pardawan Chitrakoot Mau Dharampur Allahabad Meja 62 3 Purkhas Kaushambi Chail Akbarabad Kaushambi Chail Shyampur Kaushambi Chail Kataiya Dandi Chitrakoot Mau Muhamadabad Kaushambi Chail Sihorwa Kaushambi Chail Yusufpur Allahabad Soraon Sarwarpur Kaushambi Chail Dharupur Kaushambi Chail BighraUsmanpur Kaushambi Chail Usmanpur Allahabad Soraon Jawai Kaushambi Chail Tilhapur Kaushambi Chail Purab Palai Mustakil Chitrakoot Mau BariyariKalan Mustakil Chitrakoot Mau Barha Kotra Mustakil Chitrakoot Mau /36

111 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 19 Pratappur Allahabad Bara Bhilore Allahabad Bara SemriTarhar Allahabad Koraon NaurihaTarhar Allahabad Bara Bhatpura Allahabad Bara Maduri Allahabad Bara Chintapur Allahabad Bara Dubha Allahabad Bara Gidhar Allahabad Bara LaundKalan Allahabad Bara Belha Allahabad Soraon Ledar Allahabad Bara Abhaipur Allahabad Bara Sarui Rewa Teonthar Barwara Chitrakoot Mau Baraha Rewa Mauganj Belaha Rewa Mauganj Bargari Allahabad Bara Lakhnauti Allahabad Bara Lalai Chitrakoot Mau Amgodar Allahabad Bara Janwan Allahabad Bara Biharia Allahabad Bara 970 Total 17, 502 The total area of all the 41 villages in the study area is 17, 502 Hectare. This has been worked out by adding the total area of each constituent village. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. It is carried out in40.6percent of the total village area. Of the total cultivable land36.7percent are irrigated land and the remaining 63.3 percent are un-irrigated. The land use pattern of the study area is indicated in the table below: Table 3.19: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area S. No. Description of Land Reported Area (in Hectare) % to the Total Area 1 Forest Land 1, Total Cultivable 7, (100) Land 2(a) Irrigated Land 2, (36.7) 2(b) Un-irrigated Land 4, (63.3) 3/37

112 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3 Cultivable Waste 3, Area not elsewhere 5, classified TOTAL 17, Note: The figure in bracket indicates the percentage share to the total cultivable land. The main source of irrigation in the study area is rain water. Wheat is the main crop grown in the study area. The other crops grown are Maize, Bajra, Paddy, Jowar, Pulses, Gram, Muster, Cotton etc. Demographic Particulars of the Study Area A. Estimated population of study area based on Decadal Growth Rate between Census 2001 and 2011 As already mentioned, the study area consists of 41 villages and no urban area. The village level population data based on Census 2011 has not yet been released by the Census authority. Hence, an attempt was made to estimate the population of the study area by using district level decadal growth rate between the two Census 2001 and 2011, the information of which has already been released by the Census authority. Accordingly, the estimated population of the study area worked out based on average decadal growth rate in the rural areas of four districts namely Chitrakoot, Allahabad, Kaushambi and Rewa is 66, 354. The gender wise distribution of the above population is 35, 455 (53.4%) for male and 30, 899(46.6%) for female. Estimated population of the study area based on Census 2001 According to Census 2001 the estimated population of the study area is 53, 451 and the density of population is 170 per Sq Km. Further, 53.4 percent of the total population is male and the remaining 46.6 percent are female. The sex ratio has been worked out to 872 females per 1000 males. This is far below the national average of 940 females per 1000 males according to Census 2011 and 930 females per 1000 males according to Census 2001, state average for Uttar Pradesh 908 according to Census 2011 and 898 as per Census 2001.It is also less than the average figure of 901 females per 1000 males for districts Chitrakoot, Allahabad, Kaushambi and Rewa. 3/38

113 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Of the total population of 53, 451 persons about 21 percent belong to 0-6 age group. The gender wise distribution of the population belonging to this group is 51.9 percent male and 48.1 percent female, resulting to a sex ratio of 923 females per 1,000 males. The entire population of the study area is divided into 8, 745 households and the average household size is six. The highest household size (11) has been reported in village Baraha and smallest (5) at village Sarwarpur, Semri Tarhar, Maduri, Sarui and Lakhnauti. The table below presents the demographic particulars of the study area as a whole, while the village level data is presented in following table. Table 3.20: Demographic Particulars of the Study Area S. No. Description Number Percentage to Respective Totals 1 Total Population-Gender wise 53, Male 28, Female 24, Sex Ratio (No. of females per 1000 males) Total Population-Sector wise 53, Rural 53, Urban NIL - 3 Total Population (0-6 years)-gender wise 11, Male 5, Female 5, Sex Ratio (No. of females per 1000 males) Total No. of Household 8, 745 Average Household size in the study area 6 Highest Household size 11 Lowest Household size 5 5 Total Population 53, /39

114 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Schedule Cast Population 17, (32.9) Male 9, Female 8, Schedule Tribe Population (1.2) Male Female General Population 35, (65.9) Male 18, Female 16, Total Literates 21, (40.2) Male 14, Female 6, Over all Literacy Rate 51.1 Male 64.9 Female 35.1 Gender gap in Literacy Rate Total Workers 20, (38.6) Male 13, Female 7, Gender Gap in work participation rate Total Household Industries Workers Male Female Total Agricultural Workers-Gender wise 15, Male 9, Female 6, Total Cultivators- Gender wise 9, Male 6, Female 2, Total Agricultural Labors-Gender wise 6, /40

115 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Male 3, Female 3, Other Workers - Gender wise Male Female Source: Census 2001 Data. NB: The figures in bracket indicate percentage to the total population of the study area. Social Communities In the study area 32.9 percent of people belong to Schedule Caste Community and the share of Schedule Tribes in the total population is only 1.2 percent. House structure 45.5 percent of all the houses in the study area are Permanent houses as they are Pacca made of cement, bricks and concrete. Further, about 54 percent of the houses are semi-permanent or semipacca and 0.5 percent are Temporary or katchha housesas they are made ofmud, tarpaulin, bamboo, hay etc. Amenities 1. Drinking Water: The field survey has revealed that all the 41 villages in the study area are provided with drinking water facilities. Hand pump and Wells are the main sources of drinking water and the same is available in all villages. In the project village Pardawan water is drown from open wells and tube wells. 2. Electricity About 71 percent of the villages in the study area are electrified. In 55 percent of villages power is available only for domestic uses. In three percent of the villages power is available for agricultural uses only. In 27 percent of the villages power is available for all uses. 3/41

116 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3. Roads Of 41 villages located in the study area 20 have been provided with paved roads and 17 have mud roads. In the remaining four villages there are both paved and mud roads. In the project village Pardawan there is no paved road as per the available data. Education Facilities In the study area education facilities are available in 30out of 41 villages when last reported. In 10 villages no education facilities are available. Information on education facilities is not available in case of one village named Yusufpur. All the 30 villages where education facilities are available 35 primary schools are located. In six villages there are more than one primary school. In the study area there are 12 middle schools spread over in nine villages. There are three middle schools in one village, two middle schools in another village and in the remaining seven villages there is one middle school each. Besides the above there are three Secondary schools and one Senior Secondary School in the study area. The various types of education facilities available in the study area are depicted in the following table: Table 3.21: Various types of education facilities available in the study area S. No. Types of Education No. of villages No. of Facilities available Institutions 1 Primary School Middle School Secondary School Senior Secondary School Industrial School Training School Adult Literacy Centers 5 5 3/42

117 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 8 Other Schools 6 6 TOTAL 64 There is inadequate education facility available in the project village Pardawan. The village has been provided with one Primary School and one Adult Literacy Center only. There is no college in the study area. For higher education one has to go to nearby cities and towns outside the study area. 4. Medical Facilities& Types of Treatment In the study area medical facilities are available in 19 out of 40 reporting villages. There is only one Allopathic Hospital situated at village Purkhas. There are two Ayurvedic hospitals in the study area at Tilhapur and Barwara villages. There is no Homeopathic and Unani Hospital in the study is as such. There are two allopathic and one ayurvedic dispensary in the study area. The allopathic dispensaries are located at Purkhas and Tilhapur villages. The only ayurvedic dispensary available in the study area is located at village Barwara. The various Health Facilities available in the study area are indicated in the table below: Table 3.22: Availability of Health facilities in the Study Area Health Institution No. of Villages available where the facilities are Village name I. Institutional Health Facilities Primary Health Sub- 1 Purkhas Center(PHS) Allopathic Hospital 1 Purkhas Ayurvedic Hospital 2 Tilhapur, Barwara Allopathic Dispensary 2 Purkhas, Tilhapur Ayurvedic Dispensary 1 Barwara Total 7 II. Medical & Paramedical Staff 3/43

118 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Registered Private Medical Practitioner(RPMP) Community Health Works (CHW) Total 21 Source: Census Pardwan, Purkhas(2), Muhamadabad(2), Semri Tarhar, Biharia 14 Akbarabad, Kataiya Dandi, Muhamadabad, Dharupur, Bighra Usmanpur, Barha Kotra Mustakil, Semri Tarhar, Nauriha Tarhar, Bhatpura, Belaha, Biharia and Purkhas(3) It may be seen from the above table that the project village Pardawan is served by only one Registered Private Medical Practitioner (RPMP) and there is no Institutional Health Facility as such. Perception of the local people on services available in the study area All the respondents in the selected households in the study area were asked to state their perception about the services available to them in their villages. The table below indicates the perception of people on various services available to them. Table 3.23: People s perception on services S. No. Services Perception on Services Percentage of people reported Excellent Good Fair Poor No comment (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 1 Law enforcement Institutional Health Facilities 3 Supply of Drinking water 4 Power supply Education facilities Animal control Postal services Library services Approach roads School safety Neighborhood watch Gang control /44

119 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT It may be seen from the above table that the general perception of the people on various services available to them is either Poor or Fair. In as many as five cases the local people have reported that the services are very Poor. These five cases are Institutional Health Facilities, Neighborhood watch, Gang control, Power supply and Library Services. The percentage of people reporting Poor varies between 0.6 percent and 100 percent. In case of Institutional health facilities all the households interviewed commented that it was Very Poor. The people in the study area were also not happy with the safety of the people as 96 percent of them reported that neighborhood watch was not adequate and this should be strengthened on priority basis. Socio-Economic Impact of the Project 1. Impact on Demographic composition The existing demographic composition in the study area of the Silica Sand Mine Project at village Pardawan may witness a modest change due to in-migration of people from outside the study area for direct and indirect employment opportunities in the Silica Sand Mine Project. It is expected that the population in the study area may register an increase due to migration of people to Pardawan for the upcoming Silica Sand Mine Project. This will also bring a change in the existing sex ratio. 2. Employment Opportunities This Silica Sand Mine Project will provide employment opportunities for 150 persons. Of this, 117 are unskilled labour. The remaining 33 will be skilled and semi-skilled workers. 3. Impact on Agriculture The mining lease area is undeveloped. The land is barren and waste. No cultivation is possible in the lease area as such there will be no impact on agricultural production. 4. Impact on Vulnerable groups of people No impact is envisaged on vulnerable groups of people that include hospital patients, children, pregnant women and elderly persons. There will be no re-habilitation and re-settlement issues that may adversely affect the people living adjoining the mine lease area. The social welfare activities to 3/45

120 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT be taken up by the mine owner will definitely make positive impact on the living conditions of the people counted under vulnerable groups. 5. Impact on Income of the State The proposed mining project will benefit to the state of Uttar Pradesh in the form of Royalty. This will increase the revenue of the state substantially besides providing wage employment to the local people. 6. Impact on Law & Order No major law & order problem is envisaged due to the upcoming Silica Sand Mine Project. It is expected that the workers will attend to their duties from their residence and return to their homes after the day s work. However, to meet any untoward incident one police post may be set up close to the mine lease area. 7. Impact on Health Extraction of silica sand poses serious health risks due to dust, quarrying and stone crushing. The effects will vary depending upon the nature of the dust particles, silica content in it and the size of the particles. Pneumoconiosis is an occupational lung disease often caused to miners, due to the inhalation of dust. Silica content in the extracted mineral may also lead to Silicosis, which is again an occupational lung disease. Miners may also suffer with occupational respiratory ailments, skin allergies etc, but the same are preventable if exposure is minimized. Further, regular health check-up of the miners is required to prevent any negative impact on their health. In the present mining project, no adverse impact on health is expected if minimum precautions are taken by the miners. Suggestions a) Provision of First Aid at mining site Extraction of Silica Sand from the mining site may pose serious health risks due to dust. To meet any emergency during extraction of the minerals from the mining site and subsequent loading in the transport vehicles, provision for First Aid should be made by the project proponent. Before the 3/46

121 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT affected person is removed to a doctor or health institution for necessary medical aid, the miner should be provided with First Aid. b) Health Camps The project proponent will organize health check-up camps at regular intervals. Workers detected with lung diseases due to emission of dust from the Silica Sand Mines will be referred to District Hospital for thorough treatment and medical help. c) Tie up with the nearest PHC for medical help To meet the medical needs of the mine workers it is suggested that tie-ups with nearest hospital or Primary Health Center (PHC) may be made. Few beds may be exclusively reserved for the mine workers in the above health institutions. This will ensure timely medical aid to the affected persons. d) Supply of Mask, Gloves and Helmets The mine workers are subject to respiratory diseases, muscular-skeletal and gastro-intestinal disorders and skin diseases. For protection from dust it may be made compulsory for all mine workers to wear masks and gloves while working in the mines. Further, wearing of helmets will be encouraged while loading and unloading minerals in the trucks in order to avoid impending danger. e) Regular Health checkups The miners may be encouraged to undergo health checkups at regular intervals in order to protect themselves from various diseases. The Health Department of State Government may be requested to set up a Primary Health Center (PHC) at the project village Pardawan and organize Health Camps at regular intervals preferably in every quarter. Further, free medical facilities may be made available to the workers and their family members. f) Administration of Anti-venom injections Provision of Anti-venom therapy must be made available at the nearest health institution. Anti-venom injections may be administrated to the mine workers in case of snake, spider and insect bites, while working in the mines. g) Special Telephone Number 3/47

122 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT A special telephone number may be made available to the mine workers. In case of emergency the miners can dial the number for medical assistances. Vehicle may be provided to the patients in short duration for shifting to the health institution. h)special Group Insurance Scheme All the mine workers may be covered under a Group Insurance Scheme of LIC or any other Insurance company. People s Perception about the Project During the field survey all the village authorities were requested to indicate their perception about the Silica Sand Mine Project at Pardawan. They all welcomed the project as it was bound to increase employment opportunities in the area and thereby improve the living condition of the people due to increase in family income. When asked about their views on creation of slums in and around the project site, they vehemently protested it and stated that the village authorities will never allow growing slums in the area and they will take appropriate action if such things happen. The overall perception of the village authorities on the Silica Sand Mine Project was Very Good. Conclusion The implementation of the Silica Sand Mine Project at Pardwan will generate both direct and indirect employment for the local aspirants. The issue of environment clearance to the owner of the mine will make mining of Silica Sand legally valid and it will generate revenue for the state. It is expected that prospective entrepreneurs will venture to set up micro and small scale units in the near future making the area a mixed society, dependent on industry, trade and business. With the implementation of the proposed Silica Sand Mine Project the occupational pattern of the people in the area will change making more people engaged in mining, industrial and business activities rather in agriculture. Thus there will be a gradual shifting of population from agriculture and other occupations to mining and industry. The study area is still lacking in health and education. It is expected that same will improve to a great extent due to proposed Silica Sand Mine project and associated industrial and business activities. 3/48

123 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 3.12 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Biological diversity comprises the variability of genus, species and ecosystems and is very crucial for maintaining the basic processes on which the life depends. Broadly it can be divided in to two types i.e. the floral diversity and faunal diversity. Conservation of the biodiversity is essential for the sustainable development as it not only provides the food, fodder and medicine but also contribute in improvement of essential environmental attributes like air, water, soil, etc. Before starting any Environmental Impact Assessment study, it is necessary to identify the baseline of relevant environmental parameters which are likely to be affected as a result of operation of the proposed project. A similar approach has been adopted for conducting the study on Biological Environment for this Project. Both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have been studied to understand the biological environment Physical Environment of the study area: The State of Allahabad situated in the Gangetic plains of central India; it comes under Lower Doab regions of Avadh plains with Kaimur Plateau in the south and South east. Ganga irrigates the plain areas and makes them fertile. Avadh regions are the lower most part of the Uttar Pradesh providing a rich biodiversity to the State of Uttar Pradesh. The Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is present near village Pardawan, Tehsil Mau and District Chitrakoot (U.P.) The proposed study area (10km radial area around mine lease) is falling in the alluvial plains of Uttar Pradesh. It mainly comprises of agricultural land, river beds, human settlements and barren land followed by agro-plantation and social forestry Methodology, Study period, survey sites etc.: Detailed survey was conducted to evaluate floral and faunal composition of the study area. Primary data on floral and faunal composition was recorded during site visit and secondary data was collected from the Forest department and published relevant literature. Inventory of flora and fauna has been prepared on the basis of collected data. Field study period: The ecological survey has been conducted for one season. The details are given as below: Monitoring Season : March 2012 to May Survey sites : Pardawan Silica Sand Mine Along 3/49

124 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Core zone : At the project site. (Leased Area) Buffer zone : Around the project site in 10 km radius. Literally environment stands for the totality of surrounding conditions. Animals and plants form a vital part of this sum total. Flora and fauna of an area are inter-related to each other and have a very crucial impact on human life. With changes in environmental conditions, structure, density and composition of plants and animals undergo changes as well. The present study was carried out to study biodiversity of floral and faunal community. The aspects to be covered in the study for the project are given in Table 3.24 (i). Table 3.24 (i): Aspects to be covered in the study for the Project Aspect of Environment Biological Components and Impacts A. Terrestrial Ecology Biodiversity; Impacts on terrestrial flora and fauna; Impacts on wildlife; B. Aquatic Ecology Plankton biodiversity; Impacts on aquatic fauna/flora; Impact on aquatic ecosystem The relevant environmental impacts out of the entire gamut of issues outlined in the Table 3.25 (i) were identified. For these impacts or aspects, environmental baseline data has been collected from primary as well as secondary data sources. As a part of the study, detailed field studies on various aspects were conducted. The baseline status has been ascertained for the following aspects: Biological Environment: Biological environment is evaluation of Ecology and Biodiversity of the area. There are mainly two types of ecosystems present in the proposed project area: 1. Terrestrial Ecosystem: A terrestrial ecosystem is an ecosystem found only on a landform. Two primary terrestrial ecosystems exists in the study area are deciduous forest Ecosystem, and Grassland Ecosystem. 2. Aquatic Ecosystem: An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water. Communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on aquatic environment live in aquatic ecosystems. The main type of ecosystem present in the study area is Freshwater Aquatic ecosystems. The information presented in this Chapter has been collected through field studies, consultation with various government departments and collation of available literature with various institutions and 3/50

125 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT organizations. The summary of data collected from various sources as a part of the EIA study is outlined in Table 3.24 (ii). Table 3.24 (ii): Summary of data collected from various sources Aspect Terrestrial Ecology Mode of data collection Primary data, Secondary data and field survey Parameters monitored Floral and Faunal Inventory/ Importance Frequency One Season Source(s) Field studies, Forest Department and literature review Aquatic Ecology Primary and Secondary data Presence of various Plankton species One Season Field studies, Forest Department and literature review A. Floral Community: The study area was divided into two zones as given below; i) Core Zone: within the project area. ii) Buffer Zone: (a) 100 m radius around the project site. (b) 10 km radius around the project site. Project Site: The project site is hectare of land. A small stream named Jhagrabaria is also flowing from the north and the North west side of the proposed site. General Vegetation Pattern: The prevailing vegetation cover over the area is mainly of tropical dry deciduous forest as per Classification of forest type of India by Champion and Seth (1968). i) Core Zone: The area is stony, barren land with shrubby growth of few tree species namely Carrissa carandas, Pipal, Mahua, babool and grasses within the core zone. ii) Buffer Zone: In 100 m radius around the project area: There is no vegetation within 100 m radius around the proposed project area. The area is stony and is extends several meters in the south east direction and south of the core zone. There are some trees species scattered in this zone. 3/51

126 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT No threatened, rare, endangered or endemic species were observed during the survey in this Buffer Zone (100m radius around the project area). In 10 km radius around the project site: The list of plants recorded in Buffer Zone (10 Km Radius) is given in Table 3.25 (iii) & Table 3.25 (iv). Most of the area is occupied by hillocks with open, barren land and some agricultural land and small forest area.there are some protected forest known to be Khatkari PF and Barha Kotra PF and some Reserve Forest known to be Baghla RF, Lakhnauti RF Lakhanpur RF Bogh RF in this zone. All the forests are open forests. The vegetative community of the area is dry deciduous type with planted varieties. Table 3.24 (iii): Tree Species May Present in the Study Area S.No. Botanical Name Local/English Economic Family Name Importance 1. Adina cordifolia Karam Rubiaceae Timber 2. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae Fruit Medicinal 3. Albizia lebbeck Siris Fabaceae Forage 4. Albizia procera SafedSiris Fabaceae Forage 5. Alstonia scholaris Chatni Apocynaceae - 6. Anogeissus latifolia Dhautha Combretaceae Source of Tannin 7. Arotocarpus integrifolia Kathal Moraceae - 8. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae Medicinal 9. Bauhinia purpurea Koenar Fabaceae Medicinal 10. Bauhinia racemosa Katmauli Fabaceae Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Fabaceae ornamental tree 12. Bombax ceiba Semal Malvaceae Substitute for cotton 13. Butea monosperma Palas Fabaceae resin, fodder, medicine 14. Careya arborea Kumbhi Lecythidaceae Cassia fistula Dhanraj/Amaltas Fabaceae Medicinal 16. Cordia myxa Bahuar Boraginaceae Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Fabaceae Timber/fuelwood 18. Dillenia pentagyna Rai Dilleniaceae Medicinal 19. Elaeodendron Mukorossi Ratangur - 3/52

127 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT S.No. Botanical Name Local/English Economic Family Name Importance 20. Emblica officinalis Amla Phyllanthaceae Medicinal 21. Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae Cultural significance 22. Holoptelea integrifolia Chilbil Ulmaceae Medicinal 23. Mallotus philippinensis Rohan/Sinduri Euphorbiaceae Red dye 24. Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiaceae Fruit edible 25. Melia azedarach Bakain Meliaceae Morinda tinctoria Ach Rubiaceae Oroxylum indicum Sonapatta Bignoniaceae Ornamental 28. Ougeinia oojeinensis Sandam Fabaceae Pongamia glabra Karanj Fabaceae Shorea robusta Sal/Sakhua Dipterocarpaceae Hardwood timber 31. Sterculia urens Keonjhi Malvaceae Tamarindus indica Imli/Jojo Fabaceae fruit pulp is edible 33. Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae Medicinal 34. Terminalia belerica Bahera Combretaceae Medicinal 35. Terminalia chebula Harra Combretaceae Medicinal 36. Toona ciliata Toon Meliaceae Timber 37. Zizyhpus jujube Baker Rhamnaceae Edible fruit Table 3.24(iv): Shrub Species Present in the Study Area S.No Botanical Name Local/English Name Family 1 Achyranthes aspera Chirchiri Amaranthaceae 2 Argemon spp. Papaveraceae 3 Asparagus racemosa Satawar Asparagaceae 4 Calotropis gigantea Akaon Apocynaceae 5 Carissa carandas Kanwar Apocynaceae 6 Carisa spinarum JangliKaronda Apocynaceae 7 Cassia tora Chakor Fabaceae 8 Cleistanthus collinus Kargali Phyllanthaceae 9 Colebrookea oppositifolia Binda/Bindhu Lamiaceae 10 Croton oblongifolius Putri Euphorbiaceae 11 Emblica robusta Baborang Myrsinaceae 12 Euphorbia hirta Dudhi Euphorbiaceae 13 Flacourtia ramontchi Katai Flacourtiaceae 14 Gardenia turgida Karhar/Dhanuk Rubiaceae 15 Gardenia gummifera Dekamali Rubiaceae 16 Glochidion lanceolarium Kalchu/Chiku Phyllanthaceae 3/53

128 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT S.No Botanical Name Local/English Name Family 17 Hypericum gaitii Gaiti Clusiaceae 18 Lantana camara Putus Verbenaceae 19 Limonia acidissima Belsain Rutaceae 20 Mimosa pudica Lajwanti Fabaceae 21 Murraya exotica Kamini Rutaceae 22 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Samshihar/Harsingar Oleaceae 23 Phoenix acaulis Khejur Arecaceae 24 Randia dumetorum Mowar Rubiaceae 25 Storobilanthus auriculatus Gond/Marmaridara Acanthaceae 26 Thespesia lampas Ban/Kapasi Malvaceae 27 Urginea indica JangliPiaj Hyacinthaceae 28 Ventilago maderaspatana Keonti Rhamnaceae 29 Vitex negundo Sindwar Lamiaceae 30 Wrightia tinctoria Kapar/Adhkapar Apocynaceae 31 Woodfordia fruticosa Dhawai Lythraceae 32 Zizyhpus xylophora Kathber Lythraceae 33 Zizyhpus Spp. Dhathora Lythraceae Table 3.24 (v): Herb/Climber Species Present in the Project Area SN Botanical Name Local/English Name Family 1 Abrus precatorius Karjani Fabaceae 2 Acacia pennata Arar Fabaceae 3 Bauhinia vahlii Maholan Fabaceae 4 Butea parviflora Cihut Fabaceae 5 Butea superba Dorang Fabaceae 6 Cuscuta reflexa Alaj-jori/Parasite Convolvulaceae 7 Habenaria spp. Orchid Orchidaceae 8 Loranthus spp. Banda Loranthaceae 9 Millettia auriculata Gurnar Papilionaceae 10 Momordica dioica Keksa Cucurbitaceae 11 Mucuna prurita Alkosi Fabaceae 12 Mukia maderaspatana Bilari Cucurbitaceae 13 Porana paniculata Bhidialar Convolvulaceae 14 Smilax macrophylla Ram datwan Smilacaceae 15 Smilax prolifera Ram datwan Smilacaceae 16 Vanda spp. Orchid Orchidaceae 17 Viscum album Banda Orchidaceae 18 Vitis latifolia Khopri Vitaceae 19 Vitis repanda Harjorwa Vitaceae 3/54

129 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 20 Agave spp. Moraba Agavaceae Grassland Grassland in the study area is secondary in origin. The common species found in the area are Cynodondactylon, etc. Digetariaspp.,Chlorisspp., etc. Table 3.24 (vi): List of Grass Species Present in the Proposed Project Area S. No. Botanical Name Local Name/English FAMILY Name 1 Apluda spp. Dudhiasauri Poaceae 2 Chloris dolichosta Grass Poaceae 3 Chrysopogon aciculatus Chorkanta Poaceae 4 Cymbopogon martini Nanhadudhe grass Poaceae 5 Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 6 Cyperus triceps Cyperaceae 7 Digetaria segetaria Poaceae 8 Eragrostis tenella Poaceae 9 Eulaliopsis binata Sabai Poaceae 10 Heteropogon contortus Kher/Sauri grass Poaceae 11 Imperata arundinacea Cherograss Poaceae 12 Imperata cylindrica Ulu Poaceae 13 Imperata cylindrica Ulu Poaceae 14 Inpurta cylendrica Poaceae 15 Panicum montana Khrj Poaceae 16 Setaria glauca Cyperaceae 17 Themeda quadrivalvis - Poaceae Agricultural land The Irrigation facility is inadequate in the area. Rainwater is the main source of irrigation and thus Wheat is the main crop grown in the area. Other crops, which are grown, are listed below: Table 3.24 (vii): List of Agriculture Species Present in the Study Area S.No Botanical Name Local/English Name Family 1. Oryza sativa Rice Poaceae 2. Sorghum vulgare Jowar Poaceae 3. Zey mays Corn Poaceae 4. Triticum aestivum Wheat Poaceae 5. Cajanus cajan Arhar Fabaceae 3/55

130 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT S.No Botanical Name Local/English Name Family 6. Pisum sativum Pea Fabaceae 7. Abelomoschus indicus Bhindi Malvaceae 8. Brassica juncia Rai Brassicaceae 9. Brassica oleracea Cabbage Cruciferea 10. Carica papaya Papita Caricaceae 11. Citrus lemon Lemon Rutaceae 12. Coreandrum sativum Dhaniya Umbelliferae 13. Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiaceae 14. Psidium guava Guava Myrtaceae 15. Raphanus sativa Raddish Cruciferea 16. Solanum tuberosum Potato Solanaceae 17. Memordia charantia Bitter Melon Cucurbitaceae 18. Sinapis hirta Sarso Brassicaceae Waste land There are very few wastelands in the study area and which are commonly seen in the area, and is mostly covered with species like Lantanasp, Carissaspp, Calotropisprocera, Cassia tora, Parthenium spp., Zizyphus spp., Argemone spp. etc Table 3.24 (viii): List of plant species present in the waste land of study area S. No. Botanical Name Local Name FAMILY 1 Lantana camara Putus Verbenaceae 2 Argemon spp. Argemon Papaveraceae 3 Calotropis gigantea Akaon Apocynaceae 4 Carissa carandas Kanwar Apocynaceae 5 Carisa spinarum JangliKaronda Apocynaceae 6 Cassia tora Chakor Fabaceae 7 Colebrookea oppositifolia Binda/Bindhu Lamiaceae 8 Woodfordia fruticosa Dhawai Lythraceae 9 Zizyphus spp. Dhathora Lythraceae Vegetation in and around human settlement 3/56

131 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Near villages the vegetation pattern changes from rest of the area. The common species grown near villages are Mangifera indica, Acacia nilotica, Arotocarpus integrifolia, Bauhinia variegate, Butea monosperma, Azadirachta indica, Melia azadiracht, etc. Table 3.24 (ix): Vegetation around Human settlement Sl. No Botanical Name Common Name Family 1. Acacia nilotica Acacia Mimosaceae 2. Albizia lebbek Siris Mimosaceae 3. Albizi aprocera Siris Mimosaceae 4. Artocarpus lakoocha Barhar/Dau Moraceae 5. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 6. Bauhinia purpurea Koenar Fabaceae 7. Bauhinia racemosa Katmauli Fabaceae 8. Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Fabaceae 9. Bombax ceiba Semal Malvaceae 10. Butea monosperma Palas Fabaceae 11. Butea parviflora Palashabheda Fabaceae 12. Cassia fistula Dhanraj/Amaltas Fabaceae 13. Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Dalbergiaceae 14. Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpinaceae 15. Ficus benghalensis Bar Moraceae 16. Ficus histida Dimar Moraceae 17. Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae 18. Leucaena leucocephala Subabul Caesalpinaceae 19. Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiaceae 20. Melia azadirachta Neem Meliaceae 21. Syzigium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae Agricultural crops Agricultural crops around the proposed project in the study area are listed below. The main crops are Maize, Bajra, Cotton, Cereals and Vegetables. No threatened, rare, endangered or endemic species were observed during the survey in Buffer Zone (10 km radius around the project area). Table 3.24 (x): LIST OF AGRICULTURE SPECIES PRESENT IN THE PROPOSED PROJECT AREA S. No Botanical Name Local Name Family 1. Oryza sativa Rice Poaceae 2. Sorghum vulgare Jowar Poaceae 3. Hordium vulgare Barley Poaceae 3/57

132 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT S. No Botanical Name Local Name Family 4. Zea mays Corn Poaceae 5. Triticum aestivum Wheat Poaceae 6. Cajanus cajan Arhar Fabaceae 7. Pisum sativum Pea Fabaceae 8. Abelomoschus indicus Bhindi Malvaceae 9. Allium cepa Onion Liliaceae 10. Allium sativum Garlic /Lahsoon Liliaceae 11. Brassica oleracea Cabbage Cruciferea 12. Carica papaya Papita Caricaceae 13. Citrus lemon Lemon Rutaceae 14. Coreandrum sativum Dhaniya Umbelliferae 15. Gossypium spp. Cotton Malvaceae 16. Lycopersicum Tomato Solanacea esculentum 17. Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiaceae 18. Memordia charantia Bitter Melon Cucurbitaceae B. Faunal Community: A general faunal study was carried out for the core zone and buffer zone is given below: (i) Core Zone: There was no unique faunal community within the core zone of the project site (ii) Buffer Zone: In 100 m radius around the project site: There was no unique faunal community within the buffer zone of 100 m radius around of the project site. In 10 km radius around the project area: As discussed the area has very scanty vegetation so the number of faunal species observed in this buffer zone is enlisted above. C. Protected Areas There are no declared Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park and/ or Biosphere Reserve within 15 km of the study area. D. Wild life and avifauna Methodology Detailed survey was conducted to evaluate faunal composition of the study area (core and buffer zone) within the project area. Primary data like faunal composition was recorded during site visit and secondary data was collected from the Forest department to get the correct picture of the study area. 3/58

133 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT The major portion of the study consists of agricultural field and human settlements which support wildlife habitat insignificantly. The survey methods used for faunal assessment are: 1. Walkthrough method The major part of the project area lies in agriculture field as per the land use map. Most of the mammalian species reported in the study area are Indian Palm squirrel and Indian hare. Therefore there is no possibility of any impacts on this reserve due to the project. Yamuna river is flowing in north-west direction from proposed project site, which is the major attraction site for avifauna. Common Myna, Kingfisher, Spotted dove, Pintail and Pond Heron are some major bird species present in the study area. There is no information regarding migratory movement of birds in the study area. As far as the reptile community was concerned, rat snake, python, krait, and house lizard are reported from the study area and listed in the table Sl. No. Table 3.25: Aquatic Species in the study area Sl. No Scientific Name Fishes Family 1 Catla catla Barkur Cyprinidae 2 Labeo calbasu Kalbasu Cyprinidae 3 Lobeo rohita Rohu Cyprinidae 4 Labeo bata Bata Cyprinidae 5 Claris batrecus Catfish Cyprinidae Table 3.26: List of Species in Buffer Zone (10 Km Radius) Local Names Zoological Names Scheduled as per wildlife protection act, Amphibians 1 Toad Bufo sp. - 2 Frog Haplobatrachus tigrina - LC Reptiles 3 Indian garden lizards Calotes versicolor - LC 4 House lizards Hemidactylus sp. - LC IUCN RED LIST 3/59

134 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Sl. No. Local Names Zoological Names Scheduled as per wildlife protection act, 5 Cobra Naja naja Schedule II 6 Viper Vipera sp. Schedule II Mammals: 7 Indian palm squirrel Fumambulus pennanti - 8 Cat Felis sp. - 9 Dog Cuon sp Cow Bos sp Horse Equs sp Rat Rattus rattus - LC 13 India black-napped Lepus nigricollis Schedule IV LC hare Aves: 13 Crow Corves splendens - 14 Sparrow Passer domesticus - 18 Parrot Psittacula krameri - 19 Peafowl Pavo cristatus - 20 Pigeon Columba livia Schedule IV.21 Common Egrets Bubulcus ibis - 22 Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus - 23 Myna Acridotheres tristis - 24 Koel Eudynamys scolopacea - IUCN RED LIST Table 3.27: List of Phytoplanktons and zooplanktons found in the surface water PHYTOPLANKTONS Bacillariophyceae Chlorophyceae Cyanophyceae ZOOPLANKTONS Navicula sp. Nitzschia sp. Diatoma sp. Pinnularia sp. Fragilarias p. Cosmerium sp. Chlorella sp. Scenedesmus sp. Closterium sp. Ankistrodesmus sp. Oscillatoria sp. Chroococcus sp. 3/60

135 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 3: Description Of Environment WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Copepoda Cladocera Rotifera Mesocyclops sp. Moina sp. Daphnia sp. Brachionus sp. ******************* 3/61

136 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures CHAPTER-4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES INDEX SI.NO. CONTENTS Page No. 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4/2 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4/2 4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4/8 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4/9 4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 4/ SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4/ OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ENVIRONMENT 4/ CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 4/16 4/1

137 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures 4.1 INTRODUCTION Opencast mining activity causes some adverse impacts on the surrounding environment unless proper environmental management plan is adopted. Selecting suitable sites for mining and also adopting all the guidelines prescribed by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM) and DGMS etc. can minimize the major possible impacts. The Pardawan Silica Sand Mine will take enough care in the mine to avoid adverse impacts on the surrounding environment. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to quantify the possible environmental impacts on various features such as air, water, land, ecology and socioeconomic factors. The following aspects have been studied to identify the impacts of the proposed production of the mine. The magnitude and significance of the environmental pollution caused by mining depends on method of mining, scale and concentration of mining activity. At the desired production capacity of 2, 50,000 tonnes per year, the Life of mine is 23 years. 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT Anticipated Impacts Silica Sand mining will be carried out by opencast semi-mechanized method. The air borne particulate matter generated by ore and handling operations, and transportation of ore is the main source of air pollutant. The dumpers and HEMM will emit smoke and noxious gases and un-burnt hydrocarbons. The emissions of Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO 2 ) contributed by diesel operated excavation/loading equipment and vehicles plying on haul roads are marginal. Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out taking into consideration proposed production and net increase in emissions. Air pollution sources in the proposed mine have been classified into three categories: i. Excavation and Loading of ore ii. iii. iv. Transportation of ore on the haul road Blasting Crushing unit 4/2

138 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Water tankers with spraying arrangement will be used for regular water sprinkling on the haul roads to ensure effective dust suppression. The tippers will be well maintained so that exhaust smoke does not contribute abnormal values of noxious gases and un-burnt hydrocarbons. In order to assess the impact due to silica sand production of TPD on air environment, prediction has been carried out. The prediction of Ground level concentrations (GLC) of pollutants emitted from the mining activities will be carried out using ISCST-3 Air Quality simulation model released by USEPA. This model is basically a Gaussian dispersion model, which considers multiple sources. The model accepts hourly meteorological data records, to define the conditions of plume rise for each source and receptor combination for each hour of input meteorological data sequentially calculates short term averages up to 24 hours. The impact has been predicted over a 10 km radius area with mining area as the centre. To obtain greater resolution, the receptors are defined with respect to 500 x 500 m grid point to have better results. GLC have been calculated at every 500 m grid point to have better results. Figure 4.1: Wind-rose Diagram (Mar 12- May 12) 4/3

139 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Air Pollution Impact Prediction through Dispersion Modeling Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out by employing Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3) dispersion model. The ISC area source model is used to simulate the effects of fugitive emissions from sources such as storage piles and dumps. The ISC models use a numerical integration approach for modeling impacts from area sources. The ISC models accept rectangular areas that may also have a rotation angle specified relative to a north-south orientation. The dust dispersion modeling requires the following data: Micro meteorological data Mining data Dust concentration data Micro - meteorological data Meteorological parameters The hourly meteorological data recorded at site for the period from March 2012 to May 2012 covering Pre-monsoon season 2012 is converted to the mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same has been used in the model. The mean meteorological data recorded at the site has been used for the modelling. In absence of site specific mixing heights, mixing heights published in IMD Publication Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India by S.D. Attri, Siddhartha Singh, B. Mukhopadhyay, and A.K. Bhatnagar (2008) has been used. The open pit mining involves the following general processes: Removal of the top soil Removal of overburden Removal of the useful geological material Each one of these mining operations is, in turn, divided into various different activities, that depend on the technologies used. Each activity is an emission source. The Table 4.1 shows the emission factors considered for modeling exercise. 4/4

140 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Table-4.1 Emissions Activity type Emission Soil Loading & Unloading 0.25 x 10-5 kg PM 10 /t Soil Transportation 0.32 x 10-5 kg PM 10 VKT OB Loading & Unloading 0.96 x kg PM 10 /t OB Transportation 0.13 x 10-5 kg PM 10 VKT Mineral loading 4.32 x 10-9 kg PM 10 /t Mineral unloading 6.64 x 10-9 kg PM 10 /t Mineral Transportation Blasting 0.52 x 10-9 kg PM 10 VKT 1.32 x kg PM10/blast Emission was calculated with the help of emission factor calculated by formula given below E=TP X EF Where E= Emissions (tons/year) T P= Annual Throughput EF= Emission Factor After processing of area source data in ISCST3, isopleths for fugitive dusts (Line Source + Area Source) is generated, this is presented in figure /5

141 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Figure 4.2: Isopleths for fugitive dusts (Area source + Line Source) Discussion Assessed Particle Levels (PM 10 ) due to fugitive dust levels at nearby villages is given in table below. Locations Table 4.2: PM Direction w.r.t site 10 Contribution at the Nearby Locations Distance w.r.t. site Background value (98 percentile) 3 in µg/m Incremental GLC in µg/m 3 Total Predicted GLC in µg/m 3 Project Site Bargari E Near project site E 500m 73.5 < Biharia S < Near forest West < /6

142 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures boundary Gaund SE < Dhopra NE < Baghla E < Bigarha Usmanpur N < Gadarwan S < National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 100 The above table shows that, the resultant PM 10 levels will remain within the NAAQS norms. The 24-h maximum incremental GLC of PM 10 was 7.5 µg/m 3 occurred at the center of the mine site. The value of PM 10 at the project site was 90.0 µg/m 3 observed after superposition of base-line value of 82.5 µg/m 3 on the incremental GLC of 7.5 µg/m 3 occurred under the influence of westerly winds as evident from wind rose (Fig 4.1) under combined impact of loading, unloading, blasting and transportation of ore by trucks over haul road of the mining area Proposed Mitigation Measures For Dust Suppression Therefore emissions due to mineral handling during mining operation are not much and restricted to the lease area only. Air pollution is caused mainly due to dust generation added with gaseous emission from transportation activities along with mining operation like drilling, dozing, blasting, loading, haulage etc. Proper mitigation measures will be practiced during mining activities to control air pollution load below the prescribed limits. The same are as follows: Control of Fugitive Emissions Wet drilling arrangements will be made or dust extractors will be provided. Use of Personal Protection Equipments (PPE) like dust masks, ear plugs etc. by the mine workers. Rock breaker will be used for breaking over size boulders in order to reduce dust and noise generation, which otherwise would be generated due to secondary blasting. Controlled blasting and optimization of use of explosive energy will help in reducing the above emissions. Regular water sprinkling on haul roads & loading points will be carried out. Development of green belt/plantation around the lease boundary, roads, dumps etc. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring will be conducted on regularly basis to assess the quality of ambient air. Water sprinkling will be done to reduce dust emissions from crusher. Prevention and control of Gaseous Pollution In mining activities, the sources of gaseous emissions would be blasting 4/7

143 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Blasting of explosive results in the increase of nitrogen oxides, which get diluted by the wind. Controlled blasting and optimization of use of explosive energy will help in reducing the above emissions. Proper maintenance of machines improves combustion process & makes reduction in the pollution. Good maintenance and monitoring of fuel and oil will not allow significant addition in the gaseous emission. 4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Noise generated at the mine is due to mining operations and truck transportation activities. The noise generated by the mining activity dissipates within the mine. There is no major impact of the mining activity on the nearby villages. However, pronounced effect of above noise levels is felt only near the active working area. The impact of noise on the villages is negligible as the villages are far located from the mine workings. Since there is no involvement of major machinery, the impact of noise levels will be minimal NOISE ABATTEMENT AND CONTROL Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals will be done to reduce the generation of noise. Adequate silencers will be provided in all the diesel engines. Blast holes will not be overcharged. Plantation along the sides of approach roads, around office building and mine area will be done to minimize the propagation of noise. Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) like earmuffs/earplugs will be provided to all operators and employees working near mining machineries or at higher noise zone. Periodical noise level monitoring will be done. Noise produced from the crusher will be regularly checked and oiling and greasing of crusher at regular intervals will be done to reduce the generation of noise IMPACT OF GROUND VIBRATIONS & CONTROL MEASURES Fragmentation of rock by blasting is an important operation in mining project, where hard ore occurs. Blasting is always essential unless the mineral is of soft grade. Hand drilled vertical blast holes of a maximum depth of 1.5 m, spacing of 1 m and burden of 0.8 m are used for the same. Thus, each hole accounts for about 1 m 3 or 2 tonnes. Blasting is carried out by certificate holder Blaster under supervision of a certificate holder Permit 4/8

144 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Manager. The vibrations due to blasting will be minimum, as controlled blasting with delay detonators will be done and also the villages are located far off from the mine workings. Hence the impact of blasting on the surrounding villages will be minimal. 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT Mining activities cause adverse impacts due to mine drainage, ground water intersection, siltation due to storm water and contaminated water from workshops and domestic sewage water. Various components have been identified for study of impact of the mine operations. Details of the same are given below: IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER BODIES AND CONTROL MEASURES Due to simple and small scale of opencast mining, erosion, sedimentation, siltation and water treatment is not expected. There is a seasonal nalla of first order towards east & west flowing towards north. The water course in the lease area will not be diverted and 15 m from the edge will not be worked. There is no toxic element in and around the applied area. Hence contamination of any nature is not expected for surface or any ground water source. The scale of mining is low and hence the above factor has no role to play IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER TABLE AND CONTROL. The ground water table in the lease area varies from 90m RL to 95m RL. Mining will be done 5m above ground water table. Hence ground water table will not be affected. The water seeps into the ground through different water channels. The behavior of ground water table has been noticed to be uniform. Main source of water supply in the different villages of study area is well, small pond and tube wells. Figure 4.3: Groundwater Schematic Diagram 4/9

145 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY AND CONTROL MEASURES Mitigation Measures The mining operations being opencast, adverse impacts are likely to arise if proper control measures are not implemented. The following are the areas where adverse impacts are envisaged in respect of surface water quality: Wash-off from the dumps Soil Erosion No waste dumps will be formed in the subject mine due to absence of overburden. The soil will be used as blanket on the worked out area of the pits for taking up afforestation. As such no wash off from the dumps or soil erosion is expected WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTEWATER GENERATION The total water consumption in the Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is about 30.0 KLD. The water is used in the following purposes. For dust suppression For domestic consumption washing The above water will be met from Mine Sump & Bore well. The following table shows the water balance of the mine activity: Table 4.3: Water demand for the project Activity Water requirement, m 3 /d Source Dust suppression 4.0 Washing 7.0 Domestic 7.0 Green Belt 12.0 Ground water from dug wells / tube wells Total WASTEWATER GENERATION, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL The waste water generation from the above consumption is mainly from domestic consumption i.e. mainly from toilets. This water is treated in septic tank followed by soak pit and the water from the washing unit will be reused. 4/10

146 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures 4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT Various components of land environment have been identified for study of impact of the mine operations. Details of the same are given below: SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND CONTROL The OB/mine waste will be informed of intercalated clay and unaltered sand stone etc. This will be initially stacked as well as used for making the protective bund all around the ML area and then backfilled from 5 th year onward. No dump will remain at end. The quantity to be generated is given below. Year Wise Waste Generation Year Soil (cum) OB/waste (cum) 1 st nd rd Total 18,040 59,584 Selection of Dumping Site: During the proposal period the old dump will be re-handled and a new dump will be made in south west in 0.82 ha. upto 6.0m height. Utilization of OB and waste will be carried out for separation of protective bund in south and west. The dump will ultimately be re handled and backfilled IMPACT ON LAND USE & RECLAMATION OF MINED OUT AREAS Opencast mining activities will alter the landscape of the lease area and also cause some disturbance to the surface features of the surrounding areas. The post mining land use pattern of the subject mine lease area of Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is given below: 4/11

147 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Table 4.4: Mining Land use Pattern of the Mine Area (hectares) S.NO LAND USE EXISTING (ha) 5TH YEAR END (HA) CONCEPTUA L (HA) 1 Total area excavated (broken) (82.0) 2 Area fully mined out (out of 1) Nil Nil (82.0) 3 Area fully reclaimed (Backfilled Nil Nil out of 2) (21.50) 4 Area rehabilitated out by afforestation (Backfilled area-9 Nil Nil Area rehabilitated by water Nil Nil harvesting Total area under dumps Nil 7 Area under active dumps Nil 8 Area under Road Nil Area under Green belt (i.e. plantation on area other than dump and backfilled area) Nil Area under infrastructure Garland Drain Nil Nalla Total After removal of ore body, a flat portion will be created in place of ridge and small benches will be formed along the slope. All the broken area will be thoroughly afforested and harvested as water reservoir in planned manner, so that landscape of the area is improved. The measures to be taken are likely to bring forth positive impact on the core zone landscape. The aesthetic environment of the core zone will have a positive impact by the time mining ceases in the area with proposed thick afforestation and water reservoir formed for pisciculture GREENBELT AND PLANTATION Plantation will be done in the northern boundary as per the programme given below. 4/12

148 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Table 4.5: Stage Wise Tree Plantation Year Plantation during the year (No. of saplings) Area covered during the year BF Area Nos. /Area (sqm) Green belt Nos. Area (sqm) 1 st 400 Nil 400/ nd 400 Nil 400/ rd 400 Nil 400/2000 Conceptual Period Remarks location/ Species / /49500 *Plantation in post plan period Total / /55500 The species of fruit bearing trees and khamar, Teak, Bamboo, Amla and Gulmohar, mango, kadam Eucalyptus etc. trees will be planted BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES There is a requirement to establish a stable ecosystem with both ecological and economic returns. Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the beauty of the core and the buffer zone. To achieve this, it is planned to increase plantation activities. The basic objectives of plantations are as follows:- Improvement of Soil quality Quick vegetative cover to check soil erosion Improvement in mining site stability Conservation of biological diversity As dust receptor which likely to produce during mining GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT PLAN Green belt is plantation of trees for reducing the air pollution as they absorb both gaseous and particulate pollutant, thus removing them from atmosphere. Green plants form a surface capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming sinks for pollutants. It improves the aesthetic value of local environment. Under present project, green belts have been planned with emphasis on creating biodiversity; enhance natural surroundings and mitigating pollution. The greenbelt development plan aims to overall improvement in the environmental conditions of the region. The plan with a five-fold objective addresses issues such as providing sink for air pollutants likely to emitted from 4/13

149 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures the project; enhancing the forest cover for increasing the biodiversity of the region; providing aesthetic value to the project area enhancing the ecological equilibrium of the area; and to a large proportion in combating soil erosion. Afforestation on degraded forest area, forest protection / conservation will be carried out every year by the mine owner This activity will promote the emergence of the primary succession species, hence it will be a silvicultural operation, extremely important for maintaining ecology and environmental health of the area This helps in regeneration & establishment of pioneer plant species saving expose land & land cutting Afforestation will be of miscellaneous and mixed type. About 250 trees per 0.15 ha will be planted during progressive years. These plantations will be carried out around mining zone and both sides of the mine road. The scheme of plantation around the project site is given as follows: i) Afforestation will be put under a protective regulatory framework to ensure that it is not degraded or disturbed. No ecologically disruptive activity will be allowed in this zone. ii) Afforestation will cover 9 ha (Excavated area & backfilled area) & plantation in ha area in barrier zone. Impact Predicted Disturbance of free movement/living of wild fauna Table 4.6 Key suggestive measures Suggestive measure Care will be taken that noise produced during vehicles movement for carrying OB and ore materials are within the permissible noise level. Care will be taken that no hunting of animals (birds) carried out by labours If wild animals are noticed crossing the core zone, it will not be disturbed at all Labours will not be allowed to discards food, plastic etc., which can attract animals near the core site Only low polluting vehicle will be allowed for carrying ore materials. All vehicles allowed in the project site area will have to provide pollution under control certificate at the end of three months Noise level will be within permissible limit (silent zone- 50dB during day time) as per noise pollution (regulation and control), rules, 2000, CPCB norms Accidental fire Cooking and burning of woods will not be allowed in the forest area 4/14

150 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures Harvesting of flora No tree cutting, chopping, lumbering, uprooting of shrubs and herbs should be allowed Collections of economically important plants will be fully restricted IMPACT ON FOREST AND VEGETATION & CONTROL MEASURES Impacts on Biodiversity Present data have been collected through direct inventory as well as various Government Departments such as forests, agriculture, fisheries, animal husbandry and various offices to establish the pre-project biological environmental conditions. There are no endangered species, wildlife sanctuary, wildlife corridors, faunal migratory routes or eco-sensitive area near the whole study area. Save the flora/fauna around the project area, is one of the basic objective of present project. For this, mine owner agency planted a good roadside plantation along both side of the mine road. Impacts on agriculture Agriculture activities are practiced nearby areas may impacted because of dust generation but mitigative measures such as regular water sprinkling on active areas for example hole roads, dump sites should be strictly followed so that impact is minimized. 4.6 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The mine area does not cover any habitation. Hence the mining activity does not involve any displacement of human settlement. No public buildings, places, monuments etc exist within the lease area or in the vicinity. The mining operation will not disturb/ relocate any village or need resettlement. Thus no adverse impact is anticipated. The impact of mining activity in the area is positive on the socio-economic environment of the region. Proposed mine is providing employment to local population and it will be give preference to the local people whenever there is requirement of man power. 4.7 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and good employer-employee relationship. The factors of occupational health in proposed Mining project are mainly dust and land degradation. Safety of employees during operation and maintenance etc. shall be as per Mines rules and regulations. 4/15

151 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to various pollutants, sufficient measures relating to safety and health will also be practiced: Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water etc. All safety measures like use of safety appliances, such as dust masks, helmets, shoes, safety awareness programs, awards, posters, slogans related to safety etc. Training of employees for use of safety appliances and first aid in vocational training center. Regular maintenance and testing of all equipment as per manufacturers guidelines. Periodical Medical Examination (PME) of all workers by a medical Officer First Aid facility is provided at the mine site. Close surveillance of the factors in working environment and work practices which may affect environment and worker s health. Working of mine as per approved mining plan and environmental plans. 4.8 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. Corporate involvement in local services is being increasingly encouraged for the expansion of occupational welfare. It would be appropriate for the project proponent to undertake few community development projects for the local residents. This will not only improve the socioeconomic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project proponent who has selected the place for the mining Project. During the field survey the selected households were requested to state the needs of the community. Based on their replies the following four activities have been identified, which could be taken up by the project proponent in order of preference. Table 4.7: The estimated Budgetary Allocation of the amount for the CSR Activities of the Pardawan Silica Sand Mine Project, Chitrakoot, Uttar Pradesh S. No. Activities Allocation of Fund (Rs. Lakh) Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Total (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Strengthening of Health Facilities Educational grants to girl child to check drop outs in schools 3 Formation of Self-help /16

152 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Mitigation Measures groups for the women in nearby villages Skill development for self-employment Repair and strengthening of roads Construction of Barat Ghar Setting up of Bus shelters Total ************* 4/17

153 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternatives WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT (Technology & Site) CHAPTER-5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) INDEX SI.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO. 5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY 5/2 5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE 5/2 5/1

154 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternatives WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT (Technology & Site) 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 Analysis of Alternatives Technology The mine will be operated by opencast other than fully mechanized method of mining. No other alternative technologies can be used because of the nature and occurrence of the deposit, cost of operation and PMV, capacity of the mine and specification laid by the consumer industry. Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is using eco-friendly measures to minimize the impact of mining on the surrounding environment. 5.2 Analysis of Alternatives Site No alternate sites are selected as the deposit is found within the Mining lease area and mining is site specific i.e. mining will have to be carried out only where deposit of the said mineral occurs. **************** 5/2

155 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Monitoring Program CHAPTER-6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITROING PROGRAM INDEX SI.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO. 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6/2 6.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED 6/3 6.3 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS 6/5 6.4 DATA ANALYSIS 6/6 6/1

156 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Monitoring Program 6.1 INTRODUCTION Success of any environmental management program depends upon the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for the implementation of the program. Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is also necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the management program so that the necessary corrective measures can be taken in case there are some drawbacks in the proposed program. Since environmental quality parameters at work zone and surrounding areas are important for maintaining sound operating practices of the project in line with conformity with environmental regulations, the post project monitoring work forms part of EMP. Monitoring program will be followed till the mining operations cease; every year as per the schedule below: Air Quality Monitoring One location in core zone and three locations in the buffer zone will be monitored for once per season except monsoon Noise Level Monitoring Noise levels in the working area will be monitored once in every month till the continuation of operations. Ambient noise levels will also be monitored once in a season in the buffer zone to evaluate the noise levels in surrounding community Water Quality Monitoring Water environment will be assessed periodically for both surface water and ground water. Surface water quality will be monitored at identified ponds/lakes during all four seasons. Surface water flow through the major nalla downstream will be measured at least once a month during monsoon and co-relate with the total rainfall during the season to estimate the relative changes, if any. Ground water level and quality on seasonal basis will be assessed in the open/dug wells to evaluate the impacts of ongoing operations. Water levels will also be monitored on seasonal basis in surrounding wells. 6/2

157 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Plantation Monitoring Program Before the onset of monsoon season, plantation will be done progressively till the final closure of the mine Ecological Monitoring Half yearly monitoring of afforestation program will be done for the survival rate and plant growth within the core zone. 6.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED Post project monitoring will be carried out as per conditions stipulated in environmental clearance letter issued by MoEF, consent issued by SPCB as well as according to CPCB guidelines. The project site is considered as core zone and the area lying within 10 km radius from the mine site is considered as buffer zone, where some impacts may be observed on physical and biological environment. In the buffer zone, slight impact may be observed and that too is occasional, table below showing the details of Post Project Monitoring programme. Table 6.1: Post Project Monitoring Programme Attributes Sampling Measurement Network Frequency Method A. Air Environment Meteorological Minimum Regularly in Mechanical/automatic Wind direction 1 site one weather station Relative in the project season by humidity impact area Weather Rainfall Monitoring Pollutants 10 locations in PM10 the project PM impact area SO2 (Minimum 1 locations in upwind side, 2 sites in downwind side / impact zone) Station Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAWS) vide MoEF circular, dated Gravimetric method Gravimetric method EPA Modified West & Geake method Test Procedure Absorption in Potassium Tetra Chloromercurate followed by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde 6/3

158 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Monitoring Program NO CO 2 B. Water Environment ph, Turbidity, Set of grab Colour, Odour, samples Taste, during pre TDS, Total and Hardness, postmonsoon Calcium for hardness, ground and Magnesium surface hardness, Water in the Chloride, vicinity. Fluoride, Sulphate, Nitrates, Alkalinity, Iron, Copper, Manganese, Mercury, Cadmium, Selenium, Arsenic, Cyanide, Lead, Zinc, Chromium, Aluminum, Boron, Phenolic Diurnal and Season wise Arsenite modified Jacob &Hochheiser Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) Spectroscopy As per IS (IS: 5182 Part - II). Absorption in dil.naoh and then estimated colorimetrically with sulphanilamide and N (I- Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide (CPCB Method). - Samples for water quality should be collected and analyzed as per : IS : 2488 (Part 1-5) methods for sampling and testing of Industrial effluents Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association. 6/4

159 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Monitoring Program compounds C. Noise Noise levels at Day & night time - Leq db (A) D. Soil ph, Bulk Density, Soil texture, Nitrogen, Available Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Electrical Conductivity, Organic Matter, Chloride E. Socioeconomic Demographic structure Infrastructure resource base Economic resource base Health status: Morbidity pattern Cultural and Aesthetic attributes Education Mine Boundary, High noise generating areas within the lease 7 locations in the project impact area Socioeconomic survey is based on proportionate, stratified and random sampling method Quarterly / Half yearly Yearly/half yearly Minimum for two phases of the project As per CPCB norms As per USDA Method Primary data collection through questionnaire As per CPCB norms As per USDA Method Secondary data from census records, statistical hard books, topo sheets, health records and relevant official records available with Govt. agencies 6.3 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS The location of the monitoring stations will be selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological conditions of the area like Wind direction & wind speed, Relative Humidity, 6/5

160 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 6 Environmental WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Monitoring Program Temperature. 10 AAQM stations will be selected (including minimum 1 locations in upwind side, more sites in downwind side / impact zone) to assess ambient air quality of the area. Noise level monitoring will be carried out on lease boundary & in high noise generating area within the lease. Water & soil monitoring locations will be decided on the basis of general slope of the area & drainage pattern. Locations for the post project monitoring shall be as under: Table 6.2: Post Project Monitoring Locations SI. No. Description Location 1 Ambient Air Quality Mine site, Villages in downwind direction from the mine site 2 Meteorological data Mine site 3 Noise Level Monitoring Mine Boundary, High noise generating areas within the Mine boundary 4 Water Level & Quality Nearby Surface & Ground water sources 5 Health Check-up Workers 6 Monitoring of Agricultural crops In the nearby area (on yearly basis) 7 Socio economic status In the nearby area (on yearly basis) 6.4 DATA ANALYSIS Monitoring data analysis will be done as per CPCB guidelines by approved laboratory & shall be submitted to the concerned authority (specified in Environment Clearance Letter issued by MoEF & Consent issued by SPCB) on regular basis. ************** 6/6

161 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER-7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES INDEX SI.NO. CONTENTS Page No. 7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 7/2 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT 7/9 7.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7/ REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) 7/14 7/1

162 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION The public hearing for Pardawan Silica Sand Mine for 2,50,000 TPA capacity by opencast OTFM method in Pardawan village, Mau tehsil, Chitrakoot District, Uttar Pradesh was conducted on , as per the Environment Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September The public hearing details are summarized in the Table-7.1 Table-7.1 Public Hearing Details Particular Advertisement for Public Hearing Description Date of Advertisement in Newspapers Name of Newspapers Date of Public Hearing Venue Hindustan(Hindi) Times of India(English) at 10 AM Pardawan Village The press notification indicating the date and venue of the public hearing was issued in prominent news papers Viz. Dainik Hindustan (Hindi) & Times of India with project details inviting suggestions, views, comments and objections from the public regarding Pardawan Silica Sand Mine 7/2

163 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 7.1: Notice for Public Hearing Public hearing meeting was convened by, Mr. Vijay Kumar Mishra, Regional Officer, UPPCB and chaired by Mr. Santosh kumar, Upper Collector, Chitrakoot, UP. Around100 people attended the public hearing. The public hearing proceedings & related papers are attached as Annexure-9. The Technical Consultant briefed the public about the purpose of organizing the hearing and asked the project proponent to explain the salient features of project and specific reference to the impacts on environment, its management and social welfare measures including community development activities proposed. 7/3

164 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Figure 7.2: Public Hearing Photographs 7/4

165 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Issues Raised during Public Hearing and Commitment Action Plan to address the issues raised during public hearing is discussed in Table Conclusion on Public Hearing As there is no further representation from the Public present during public hearing, Regional Officer, UPPCB summed up the Proceedings of the Public hearing and declared the Public Hearing as over. The details of people attended, representations received in writing during the public hearing are enclosed along with the minutes of the public hearing are given below: 7/5

166 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT Table-7.2 Details of Action Plan for the Issues Raised During the Public Hearing Sr. No Name Questions asked by Citizens/ Members Answers by Company representative Action Plan Time Frame Financial Allocation 1 Shyam Lal Kevat Pradhan Village Pardawan He said that project should not commence as it will cause pollution and there will be loss of grazing land. He said that where will cattle go and feed. Lease area is Ha out of which mining shall be done only in 82 Ha ha of land shall be backfilled and ha, of land will be used for water reservoir purpose. In addition, provision for grazing land shall also be made. During mining operation no such work which can cause trouble shall be done. This project will generate employment for 200 people and money shall also be spent on CSR. The total manpower required for the proposed mining project under various categories is 200 persons and persons will be mainly sourced from local community in and around mining project and few technical persons will be employed during operational phase from local and also from outside area. Regular dust suppression shall be done by sprinkling of water to control pollution. Employment will be provided in phased manner as per the requirement after opening of mine. Compensation shall be given to workers according to labour laws and minimum wages act. For environment protection a sum of 1 Lakhs shall be used as capital cost and Rs 5.15 Lakhs as recurring cost. 2 to 3 percent of project cost shall be spent after consultation with gram Panchayat do that no problem of pollution will 7/6

167 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT persist. 2 Shri Sudhakar Singh Vill- Bargarhi He informed that mine is closed since 7 month which has caused unemployment. This mine should open very soon so that local people will get employment. Representative of Mine owner said mine will open only after getting permission under rules after that only people will get employment. The total manpower required for the proposed mining project under various categories is 200 persons and persons will be mainly sourced from local community in and around mining project and few technical persons will be employed during operational phase from local and also from outside area. Employment will be provided in phased manner as per the requirement after opening of mine. Compensation shall be given to workers according to labour laws and minimum wages act. 3 Dhanusdhar ram Village- Pardawan He said that in 2011 PIL has been filled. From Gram sabha, they do not want any silica sand mine should open. Lease has expired in 1993 and this is not their lease. The representative of the mine said that he is not telling the truth and mining will only start after getting due permission under rules. Priority will be given to local people for employment. Indirect employment through contractual services shall be provided, as per Government policy Employment will be provided in phased manner as per the requirement. Compensation shall be given to workers according to labour laws and minimum wages act. 4 Anil Kumar Allahabad He said that he is associated with silica sand for 25 years. Due to closure of silica sand mine there has been huge loss Representative of Mine owner said mine will open only after getting permission under rules after that only people will get employment.. Priority will be given to local people for employment. Indirect employment through contractual services shall be provided, as per Government policy Employment will be provided in phased manner as per the requirement. Compensation shall be given to workers according to labour laws and minimum wages act. 7/7

168 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT and people are getting unemployed. Silica sand should open 5 Foolchand Vill- Pardawan He said that water table in village is 45 ft and mining shall be done up to 200 ft deep this will deplete the ground water. Thus mining should not be done. Water table of Yamuna river is 30 m. We are not doing mining operation below water level. Thus groundwater table will not deplete. Mining operation will result in rise in water level because we are creating water reservoir in the area. The ground water table in the lease area varies from 90m RL to 95m RL. Mining will be done 5m above ground water table. Hence ground water table will not be affected. The water seeps into the ground through different water channels. - 7/8

169 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT The proposed project involves Silica sand mining limited to a depth of 11 to 15 m. The anticipated risks are mentioned below: SI. Hazard Identification Risk Recommendations for No Mitigations 1 Drilling Risk of Accidental Injury, Use of PPE/PPA. Vibration, Noise. Dust Risk of Flying rock projectile injury to eyes 2 Blasting Risk Flying rock projectile Work as per SOP with due Blasting Dust &noise. safety precautions Projectile Impact 3 Overburden handling Risk of Landslides, loss of Implementations of material life and property, Handling SOP Siltation of surface water run off 4 Heavy Machinery Risk of Accidents/injuries Use of PPE/PPA &work permit during handling of system dumpers, trucks, proclains, ripper dozers etc. 5 High tension line Risk of accident during movements of trucks and mining activity. Leaving a barrier zone from electric line and taking precautionary measures to prevent from any accident Fall of sides 1. Overall slopes angles of benches will be No disaster like land slide, flood or inundation or fire is anticipated as the height of benches will be 3.0 m and width will be 3.0 m. 3. Unmanageable heights are not created. 7/9

170 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 4. Loose rocks are properly dressed no loose material will lie within 3m of the edge of the face of quarry. 5. The high walls will slope at Nature and structure of the rocks are properly studied for their slips. 7. The hanging wall, footwall, and mineralized zone are competent to stand safely for long time. Storage and use of explosives No storage of explosive will be done at mine site presently. The pre-calculated quantity of explosive will be taken from the authorized dealer and transported in permitted carrier on the scheduled day for blasting and will be used on the very same day. The storage of explosives will be done in accordance with the Indian Explosives Act and the Rules made there under. The explosive will be supplied by the explosive van. Precaution to be observed during drilling & blasting (i) Preparation of charge and charging and stemming of holes will be done by a qualified blaster. (ii) Before a shot is charged, stemmed or fired, sufficient warning by signal is given over the entire area falling within the danger zone and ensures that all persons within such area have taken proper shelter. (iii)during blasting, controlled blasting will be done to prevent flying fragments which may cause injury to local inhabitants within danger zone. (iv)all necessary precautions as enumerated under 106(2) (b) of MMR 1961 will be followed. Water 1. Due care will be taken to provide retaining wall around the pits. 2. Proper drainage will be maintained to eliminate inundation of working pits during rains from run-off water. 3. There is no danger of flood or inundation as the ground level. 4. Mining operations will not be carried below the ground water table; therefore, there will be no disturbance to ground water quality due to mining activity. Fire Sufficient fire extinguishers will be installed at selected locations such as mine office, garage, stores etc. Besides, sufficient water hydrants with sufficient length of hosepipes will be made 7/10

171 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT available on the surface for fire protection. Loading 1. At the time of loading no person will be there within the range of swing of the shovel. 2. The Dumpers will stand near the shovel and fully braked when the muck is dumped on it. Loading of ore at the production site will be done manually/ by Hydraulic Excavator. House keeping The provision and maintenance of a safe and healthy workplace is the most basic principle of health and safety. Dirty and untidy workplaces or walkways contribute to a very large proportion of trip and fall accidents. In the context of surface mining the provision of well-defined roadways and walkways clear of obstruction and regular cleaning up of spillage will greatly reduce the potential risk for this type of accidents. The Work The application of risk assessment depends upon a full understanding of all aspects of the job being undertaken. In carrying out a risk assessment in relation to a particular task the evaluation must include a review of the knowledge, experience and training of those persons carrying out the work. Personal Competence It follows that the knowledge, experience and training of personnel involved in work is critical to evaluate any risk assessment. A knowledgeable, experienced well-trained and competently supervised workforce will be at a lower risk of accidents occurring than a poorly trained and badly supervised workforce. Co-ordination It is essential that the coordinator ensures that everyone engaged in the work is capable and understands the role of others and their responsibility for each other. This is particularly important when contract workers undertake part or all of the work to be carried out. Health hazards For the purpose of this document, health hazards should be interpreted as being harmful dust and noise which is emitted during surface mining operations. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 7/11

172 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT The PPE should be of good construction, wherever possible ISI certified, suitable for the hazard e.g. a dust respirator fitted with the correct filter to capture the particular hazardous dust and maintained to recommended standards. As personal protective equipment only affords limited protection it should only be used as a last resort and then as an interim arrangement until other steps are taken to reduce the risk of personal injury to an acceptable level. Traffic Movement As the number of vehicles used will be very less in number there is no risk of accidents due to the traffic movement. 7.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Quartz mining is a simple mining and there is hardly any risk in mining. However, as a precautionary measure if any disaster occurs within the mining area, the first aid committee of the mine consisting of following member will immediately handle the situation and if required victims will be shifted to the primary health center. Measures Suggested to Avoid Disaster due to Blasting 1. Shots will not be fired except during the hours of day light or until adequate provision is made for artificial lighting and the holes charged on a particular day will be fired on the same day; 2. Shots, if fired after hours of daylight, should be muffled so that the flying fragments from the blasting material do not project beyond a distance of 10 m from the place of blasting; 3. Adequate shelters or other protective structures will be provided to the workers at all times; 4. The shot firer will give sufficient warning by effective signal over the entire area falling within a radius of 500-m; 5. Where any permanent building or structure is damaged within the danger zone, the aggregate maximum change in the entire hole fired at any particular time will not exceed 400 g. 6. If a single shot exploder is used or if blasting is done with ordinary detonator, the shot-firer shall not fire more than fifty shots in one shift, but if multi shot exploder is used, the number can go up to eighty. 7. During the approach and progress of an electrical storm, short firing will not be done till the storm is over. Measures to Prevent the Danger of Overburden A temporary retaining wall should be erected around the toe of each active dump. 7/12

173 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT To prevent the failure of overburden slopes, especially during the rainy season, the following precautions will be taken: 1. Proper terracing of the dump slopes will be maintained; 2. In flat areas where the dumping operations have come to an end, the slope angle will be flattened by about 5 o lower than the angle of repose, which varies from site to site but not less than 25 o ; 3. Planting vegetation over the backfilled and reclaimed areas. 4. Provide drainage channels along the overburden dump toe for additional protection. If a mine is abandoned, all precautions as per provisions of MMR 1961 will be taken. Measures to Prevent Accidents Due to Trucks and Dumpers All transportation within the main working area will be carried out under the direct supervision and control of the management; 1. The vehicles must be maintained in good repairs and checked thoroughly at least once a week by a competent person authorized for this purpose by the management; 2. To avoid dangers while reversing the trackless vehicles, especially at the embankment and tripping points, help of a spotter, appointed for the purpose will be taken. A statutory provision of the fence, constant education, training etc will go a long way in reducing the incidence of such accidents. Measures to prevent Accidents Due to High Tension Line Ultimate pit limit has been drawn leaving 50 from the electric line so that it could not impact the line. Adequate working space and a clear space from the obstructions from the danger be provided fro all apparatus. Where earthling is necessary, it will be carried out by connection to as earthling system at the surface of the mine. Out Line of Disaster Management Plan The working is carried out at shallow depth so heavy blasting is not required so no risk assessment or disaster management is required. 7/13

174 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 7 Additional Studies WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT High risk factors such as Earthquakes, Landslide, Subsidence, Flood, Fire etc. are not encountered nor anticipated during proposed five years plan period. As such, emergency plan for quick evacuation, protective measures are not proposed. Also, no local habitant exists as the working area is far away from the locality. System of communication An internal communication system for the department head and to their line of command will be maintained. Having the telephone nos. and addresses of adjoining mines, rescue station, police station, Fire service station, local hospital, electricity supply agency and standing consultative committee members is another essential aspect. Consultative committee A standing consultative committee will be formed under the head of Mines manager. Facilities & Accommodation Accommodation and facilities for medical aid, rescue room, etc. will be provided. First Aid & medical facilities The mine management is having first aid facilities for use in emergency situation. All casualties would be registered and will be given first aid. The mine management will have proper telephone/wireless set for quick communication with nearest hospitals where the complicated cases are to be sent. Functions of public relations group A cordial relation with government officials and other social service organization and working groups shall be maintained. To liaise with representatives of the mine workers to ameliorate the situation of panic, tension, sentiments, grievances and misgivings created by any disaster. To ameliorate the injured, survivors and family members of affected persons by providing material, moral support, finance and establishing contact with relatives of victims. 7.4 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) There will be no resettlement or rehabilitation involved in the project. Proposed expenses on Corporate Social Responsibility will be given. ******************* 7/14

175 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 8 Project Benefits WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER-8 PROJECT BENEFITS INDEX SI.NO. CONTENTS Page No. 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8/2 8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 8/2 8.3 EMPLOYEMENT POTENTIAL 8/2 8.4 CONCLUSION 8/3 8/1

176 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 8 Project Benefits WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT 8.0 Project Benefits 8.1 INTRODUCTION Pardawan Silica Sand Mine is proposed over an area of ha with production capacity of 2,50, 000 TPA of ore near village: Pardawan, Tehsil: Mau, Dist: Chitrakoot, U.P. 8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Socio economic development work in the nearby area will be carried out by the mine management to strengthen the basic infrastructural needs of the villagers like education, medical, drinking water for human beings and animals, road network, plantation, rain water harvesting etc. direct employment will be generated due to mine operations and preference would be given to the nearby villagers as per their qualification/experience, indirect self-employment will be generated due to the proposed mining project. This Mine has proposed to provide financial assistance of Rs. One Lac for the development of social infrastructure of the area. Following measure will be taken to improve the Social infrastructure of the study area: Preventive medical care and educational facilities for rural population will be promoted. Priority will be given to local people for employment. Extending general benefit by way of development work in the villages through respective Gram Panchayat. Supplementing Govt. efforts in health monitoring camps, social welfare and various awareness programs among the rural population. Assisting social forestry program. 8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL The project would generate direct and indirect employment and preference will be given to the locals. About 250 persons will get direct employment in the mine. 8/2

177 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 8 Project Benefits WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT The local economy will receive a boost due to employee spending and services generated by the mining operation. The overall effect will improve the buying power of employees and the standard of living of people viz. better education, improved health and sanitation facilities, housing and acquisition of consumer durable. Migration into the existing area will be insignificant and no displacement of the existing population will take place due to the establishment of the proposed project. Housing; transport; water &power supply; medical, educational and other civic amenities will get a boost in future. Further, there will be an employment opportunity for the local people due to the proposed project in this region. 8.4 CONCLUSION The project will prove beneficial to the people as the company has already agreed to provide infrastructural facilities to the villagers like Educational facilities, Medical facilities, Transportation facilities, water supply etc. which will improve the socio-economic environment of the area. ******************** 8/3

178 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN SI. NO. CHAPTER-9 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN INDEX CONTENTS Page No. 9.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9/2 9.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL 9/3 9.3 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT 9/4 9.4 WASTE MANAGEMENT 9/4 9.5 GREENBELT AND PLANTATION 9/5 9.6 BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES 9/5 9.7 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY 9/8 9.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC MEASURES 9/ CONCLUSION 9/12 9/1

179 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN The environmental management plan consists of the set of mitigation, management, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during the implementation and operation of the project, to eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. The present environmental management plan addresses the components of environment, which are likely to be affected by the different operations in a mine area. The aims of EMP are: Overall conservation of environment. Minimization of waste generation and pollution. Judicious use of natural resources and water. Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace. Ensure effective operation of all control measures. Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents. Monitoring of cumulative and long time impacts. Ensure effective operation of all control measures. 9.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Emissions due to mineral handling, during mining operations are not much and restricted to the lease area only. Air pollution is caused mainly due to dust generation added with gaseous emission from transportation activities along with mining operation like drilling, blasting, loading, haulage etc Control of Fugitive Emissions Wet drilling arrangements will be made. Use of Personal Protection Equipments (PPE) like dust masks, ear plugs etc. by the mine workers. Rock breaker will be used for breaking over size boulders in order to reduce dust and noise generation, which otherwise would be generated due to secondary blasting. Controlled blasting and optimization of use of explosive energy will help in reducing the above emissions. Regular water sprinkling on haul roads & loading points will be carried out. Development of green belt/plantation around the lease boundary, roads, dumps etc. 9/2

180 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Water sprinkling will be done to reduce dust emissions from crusher. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring will be conducted on regularly basis to assess the quality of ambient air Prevention and control of Gaseous Pollution In mining activities, the sources of gaseous emissions would be blasting Blasting of explosive results in the increase of nitrogen oxides, which get diluted by the wind. Controlled blasting and optimization of use of explosive energy will help in reducing the above emissions. Proper maintenance of machines improves combustion process & makes reduction in the pollution. Good maintenance and monitoring of fuel and oil will not allow significant addition in the gaseous emission. Silt produced during washing will be backfilled in the exhausted pit to prevent air pollution. 9.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL Noise Abattement and Control Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals will be done to reduce the generation of noise. Adequate silencers will be provided in all the diesel engines. Blast holes will not be overcharged. Plantation along the sides of approach roads and mine area will be done to minimize the propagation of noise. Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) like earmuffs/earplugs will be provided to all operators and employees working near mining machineries or at higher noise zone. Periodical noise level monitoring will be done. Noise produced from the crusher will be regularly checked and oiling and greasing of crusher at regular intervals will be done to reduce the generation of noise Protective measures for ground vibrations / fly rocks caused by blasting Innovations like shelter plantation would be carried around the mine for minimizing adverse impact of blasting along with following measures will be adopted at mine to reduce ground vibration, fly rocks, dust generation, noise generation, etc. 9/3

181 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Overcharging will be avoided; Supervision of drilling and blasting operations to ensure design blast geometry; Blasting operations will be carried out only during day time as per mine safety guidelines; Proper warning signals will be used; By optimization of drilling blasting parameters i.e. burden, spacing, depth of hole, etc. By using Control Blasting By avoiding secondary blasting with the help of rock breaker. 9.3 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT There is a seasonal nalla of 1 st order with in the mine lease area from south and from south west outside the mine lease area. Adequate control measures will be adopted to check not only the wash-off from soil erosion but also uncontrolled flow of mine water. 9.4 WASTE MANAGEMENT Nature of waste: They shall be used for backfilling. The quantum of waste to be removed is given below: Year Soil (cum) OB/waste (cum) 1 st nd rd Total 18,040 59,584 There is soil will be utilised for preparation of protective bund during 5 years and then for leveling and topping of backfilled area so that plantation can be done on it Selection of Dumping Site: During the proposal period the old dump will be re-handled and a new dump will be made in south west in 0.64 ha. upto 6.0m height. Utilization of OB and waste will be carried out during 5 years as per proposal given in chapter 6.0 for preparation of protective bund in south and west. 9/4

182 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.5 GREENBELT AND PLANTATION So far as afforestation is concerned, saplings will be planted in pits of 50 cm to 40 cm dia and about 0.5m deep would be dug. Depending upon the type of soil and type of plant species, listed in this chapter in Table 9.1, the interval between the pits would be kept. The hole will be filled with mixture of soil and manure fertilizer. Local species will be planted in the area as per availability. A table showing year wise afforestation scheduled. Year Plantation during the year (No. of saplings) Table 9.1 Afforestation scheduled Area covered during the year BF Area Nos. /Area (sqm) Green belt Nos. Area (sqm) Nil 400/ Nil 400/ Nil 400/ Survival rate% Remarks location/ Species Conceptual Period / /49500 *Plantation in post plan period Total / /55500 The following characteristics should be taken into consideration while selecting plant species for green belt development and tree plantation. They should be fast growing and tall trees. They should be perennial and evergreen. They should have thick canopy cover. Plantation should be done in appropriate alternate rows around the proposed site to prevent lateral pollution dispersion. The trees should maintain regional ecological balance and conform to soil and hydrological conditions. Indigenous species should be preferred. 9.6 BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES There is a requirement to establish a stable ecosystem with both ecological and economic returns. Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the beauty of the core and the 9/5

183 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN buffer zone. To achieve this, it is planned to increase plantation activities. The basic objectives of plantation are as follows:- Improvement of Soil quality Quick vegetative cover to check soil erosion Improvement in mining site stability Conservation of biological diversity As dust receptor which likely to produce during mining Greenbelt Development Plan Green belt is plantation of trees for reducing the pollution as they absorb both gaseous and particulate pollutant, thus removing them from atmosphere. Green plants form a surface capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming sinks for pollutants. It improves the aesthetic value of local environment. Under present project, green belts and shelter plantation have been planned with emphasis on creating biodiversity; enhance natural surroundings and mitigating pollution. The greenbelt development plan aims to overall improvement in the environmental conditions of the region. The plan with a five-fold objective addresses issues such as providing sink for air pollutants likely to emitted from the project; enhancing the forest cover for increasing the biodiversity of the region; providing aesthetic value to the project area enhancing the ecological equilibrium of the area; and to a large proportion in combating soil erosion. Afforestation on degraded forest area, forest protection / conservation will be carried out every year by the mine owner This activity will promote the emergence of the primary succession species, hence it will be a silvicultural operation, extremely important for maintaining ecology and environmental health of the area This helps in regeneration & establishment of pioneer plant species saving expose land & land cutting Afforestation will be done along the boundary barrier and quarry roads. Considering a grid of 2.5m x 2.0m about 0.5 hectares area, Numbers of plants of different species will be planted. About twice the area recommended for mining will be used for afforestation/greenbelt as per the Forest (Conservation) Amendment Rule, The scheme of plantation around the project site is given as follows: 9/6

184 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN i) Afforestation will be put under a protective regulatory framework to ensure that it is not degraded or disturbed. No ecologically disruptive activity will be allowed in this zone. ii) Plantation will cover a total of ha for afforestation in backfilled and reclaimed area where as for Green belt it will be 5.55 ha area. The plants recommended for afforestation are as per Guidelines for Developing Greenbelts, CPCB, March 2000 and listed in Table 9.2 Table 9.2: Species recommended for greenbelt development SI. Name Botanical Name Status No. 1 Gulmohar Delonix regia Tree 2 Neem Azadirachta indica Tree 3 Bargad Ficus benghalensis Tree 4 Emli Tamarindus indica Tree 5 Babul Acacia arabica Tree 6 Khair Acacia catechu Tree 7 Achar Buchanania latifolia Tree 8 Bakain Melia azedarach(l.) Tree 9 Aam Magifera indica Tree 10 Jamun Syzygium cumini Tree 11 Subabul Leucaena leucocephala Tree 12 Semal Bombax ceiba (L.) Tree 13 Bakain Melia azedarach (L.) Tree 14 Nagphani Opuntia elatior Mill. Tree 15 Jamun Syzigium cumini (L.) Tree 16 Kath Jamun Eugenia heyneana. Wall Shrub 9/7

185 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Table 9.3 Key Suggestive Measures Under EMP Impact Predicted Suggestive measure Disturbance of free No labour camp will be allowed in ML area movement/living of wild Care will be taken that noise produced during vehicles fauna movement for carrying ore materials are within the permissible noise level. Care will be taken that no hunting of animals carried out by labours If wild animals are noticed crossing the core zone, it will not be disturbed at all Labours will not be allowed to discards food, plastic etc., which can attract animals near the core site Only low polluting vehicle will be allowed for carrying ore materials. All vehicles allowed in the project site area will have to provide pollution under control certificate at the end of every three months. Blasting will be carried out during day time only. Harvesting of flora No tree cutting, chopping, lumbering, uprooting of shrubs and herbs shall be allowed Cutting of economically important plants will be fully restricted 9.7 OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and good employeremployee relationship. The factors of occupational health in proposed Mining project are mainly dust and land degradation. Safety of employees during operation and maintenance etc. shall be as per Mines rules and regulations. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to various pollutants, sufficient measures relating to safety and health will also be practiced: Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water etc. All safety measures like use of safety appliances, such as dust masks, helmets, shoes, safety awareness programs, awards, posters, slogans related to safety etc. Training of employees for use of safety appliances and first aid in vocational training center. Regular maintenance and testing of all equipment as per manufacturers guidelines. 9/8

186 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Periodical Medical Examination (PME) of all workers by a medical Officer First Aid facility is provided at the mine site. Close surveillance of the factors in working environment and work practices which may affect environment and worker s health. Working of mine as per approved mining plan and environmental plans Organizational Setup In order to develop and implement the environmental monitoring and management plan, proposed mine is having an Environmental Cell, headed by the environmental officer reporting to head of the project. Their activities will be as follows: Regular environmental monitoring as stipulated by the regulatory authorities Preparation and submission of environmental report to the regulatory authorities Compliance management with all environmental legislation Implementation of various environmental management programs and reporting the performance to the top management. Co-coordinating the environmental related activities within the project as well as with outside agencies. Green belt development, etc. 9/9

187 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN MANAGING DIRECTOR /BOARD OF DIRECTORS ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL Implementation of Control/Measure Review with Mines Manager Report submission and correspondence with concern State/ Central Government Environmental Monitoring Head Environment Environment Budgets & sanctions Review Implementation Environmental Officer Liaison with MOEF/SPCB Implementation of EMP Allotment of Daily jobs Field visits Figure 9.1: Organization Structure for Environment Management 9/10

188 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN Budget It is necessary to include the environmental cost as a part of the budgetary cost component. The project authorities propose to undertake the following environmental works to achieve the environmental quality as desired. The budget for environmental protection has been formulated and given in table 9.4. Particulars Table 9.4: Budget for Environmental Protection Capital Cost (Rs.) Recurring Cost (Rs.) Pollution Control Dust suppression 9,00,000 3,00,000 Gully plugs, Check Dam and settling tank etc 2,00,000 50,000 Pollution Monitoring -- 1,00,000 Reclamation & Rehabilitation Green belt & afforestation 1,00,000 2,00,000 Others (Environmental study, Statutory 8,00,000 2,50,000 compliance, etc.) Total 20,00,000 9,00, SOCIO ECONOMIC MEASURES The lessee will provide financial assistance for the development of social infrastructure of the area. Following measure will be taken to improve the Social infrastructure of the study area: Preventive medical care and educational facilities for rural population shall be promoted. Priority will be given to local people for employment. Indirect employment through contractual services shall be provided. Extending general benefit by way of development work in the villages through respective Gram Panchayat. Supplementing Govt. efforts in health monitoring camps, social welfare and various awareness programmes among the rural population. Assisting social forestry programme. 9/11

189 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT MANAGEMENT PLAN BUDGET FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Table 9.5: Budget for Occupational Health Particulars Capital Cost (Rs.) Recurring Cost (Rs.) For routine checkup 50,000 1,50,000 Medical aid as per ESI Scheme -- 1,50,000 Training -- 50,000 PPE 1,50,000 50, CONCLUSION As discussed, it is safe to say that the project is not likely to cause any significant impact on the ecology of the area, as adequate preventive measures will be adopted to contain the various pollutants within permissible limits. Green belt development around the area will also be taken up as an effective pollution mitigative technique, as well as to control the pollutants released from the premises of the mine. ***************** 9/12

190 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION CHAPTER-10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION INDEX SI.NO. CONTENTS Page No ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 10/ TERMS OF REFERENCE 10/ BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 10/ LOCATION 10/ RESERVES 10/ MINING 10/ AFFORESTATION 10/ LAND USE PATTERN 10/ ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 10/ DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 10/ AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 10/ NOISE ENVIRONMENT 10/ WATER ENVIRONMENT 10/ SOIL ANALYSIS REPORT 10/ BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 10/ WATER REQUIREMENT 10/ ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10/ CONCLUSION 10/8 10/1

191 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION 10.0 INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is a decision making tool, which guides the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the proposed project and ensure that these impacts are taken into account during the project designing ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE The proposed project is categorized under 1 (a) (<50 hectare of mining lease area) of Gazette Notification dated 2006 and 2009, As per the Gazette Notification, the proposed project is under A category TERMS OF REFERENCE The MoEF Committee for mining projects prescribed the Terms of Reference (TOR) vide letter No. J-11015/187/2011-IA.II(M) Dated The ToR was further extended dated for a period of to BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT This is a project for mining of mineral Silica sand by open cast other than fully mechanized method of mining. The total lease area considered is ha of non forest land. The proposed production is 2,50,000 TPA. A crusher of capacity 20 TPH and simple washing plant in the lease area. The crusher will be for breaking the hard and lumpy silica sand while washing plant will be for removing the soil/ intercalated clay within the silica sand. Water requirement for the proposed project for domestic use, dust suppression and plantation, will be 30.0 KLD, which will be met from Mine Sump & bore well LOCATION The mining area is located in the village Pardawan, Tehsil- Mau, Dist.- Chitrakoot of Uttar Pradesh State. Latitude '01.1" to 25 15'20.6" North Longitude '52.5" to 81 33'45.6" East 10/2

192 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION 10.5 RESERVES Reserves based on detailed exploration carried out by way of pitting and sampling. Mineral Reserves as per UNFC guidelines United Nations Frame-work Classification (UNFC) UNFC code Silica Sand (t.) Probable Mineral Reserve ,24,225 Probable Mineral Reserve ,10,100 Pre-Feasibility Mineral Resource ,80,150 Pre-Feasibility Mineral Resource 222 7,70,475 Measured Mineral Resource Indicated Mineral Resource Inferred Mineral Resource Reconnaissance Mineral Resource Life of the Mine:- The expected rate of production is expected to be around 2,50,000 TPA from 4 th year the mine will be fully developed. The anticipated life of mine will be as follows Total production during 1 st 3 years = t Therefore, Life of mine at proposed production of 2,50,000 TPA from 4 th year = 3 years + ( t t) = 23 Years 2,50,000 TPA when 10.6 MINING The mining is done only by other than fully mechanized mining method. Occasionally drilling and blasting will be carried out using 32mm dia holes of 1.5m depth. Development will be carried out y HEMM while the production will be done by manual as well as HEMM. Loading will be carried out by manual/ machine while unloading by dumpers. A crusher of capacity 20 TPH and simple washing plant is present in the lease area. The crusher will be for breaking the hard and lumpy silica and while washing plant will be for removing the soil/intercalated clay with in the silica 10/3

193 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION I. Production Target 2, 50,000 TPA II. Mode of Mining III Bench dimension (W x H) Mining is proposed by Open cast other than fully mechanized method. Occasionally drilling and blasting will be carried out using 32mm dia holes of 1.5m depth. Development will be carried out by HEMM while the production will be done by manual as well as HEMM. Loading will be carried out by manual/ machine while unloading by dumpers. 3.0 m x 3.0 m in ore body. The edge of excavation shall be adequately sloped and secured so as to prevent danger of sliding AFFORESTATION So far as afforestation is concerned, saplings would be planted at a spacing of 2.0 m along the boundaries of the M.L. area. Local species will be planted in the area as per availability. Year Plantation during the year (No. of saplings) Table 10.1 Year wise Afforestation Schedule Area covered during the year BF Area Nos. /Area (sqm) Green belt Nos. Area (sqm) 1 st 400 Nil 400/ nd 400 Nil 400/ rd 400 Nil 400/2000 Conceptual Period Remarks location/ Species / /49500 *Plantation in post plan period Total / /55500 The species of fruit bearing trees and Khamar, Teak, Bamboo, Amla, Gulmohar, Mango, kadam, Eucalyptus etc. trees will be planted. 10/4

194 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION 10.8 LAND USE PATTERN S.NO LAND USE EXISTING (ha) 5TH YEAR END (HA) CONCEPTUA L (HA) 1 Total area excavated (broken) (82.0) 2 Area fully mined out (out of 1) Nil Nil (82.0) 3 Area fully reclaimed (Backfilled Nil Nil out of 2) (21.50) 4 Area rehabilitated out by afforestation (Backfilled area-9 Nil Nil Area rehabilitated by water Nil Nil harvesting Total area under dumps Nil 7 Area under active dumps Nil 8 Area under Road Nil Area under Green belt (i.e. plantation on area other than dump and backfilled area) Nil Area under infrastructure Garland Drain Nil Nala Total ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES In the proposed project, opencast other than fully mechanized mining will be carried out. For that, no other methodology is going to be changed, depending upon the geological set up, strata of the rock, boulders and its structural behavior. So, all the parameters of EIA/ EMP will be implemented as per the open cast mining DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT This section contains the description of baseline studies of the 10 km radius of the area surrounding Pardawan silica sand mine. The data collected has been used to understand the existing environment scenario around the proposed mining project against which the potential impacts of the project can be assessed. Environmental data has been collected in relation to propose mining for:- 10/5

195 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION (a) Land (b) Water (c) Air (d) Biological (e) Noise (f) Socio-economic AMBIENT AIR QUALITY The results of AAQ are given in Chapter 3, the results when compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for "Residential, Industrial, Rural and Other Areas" show that the average values of ambient air quality parameters are well within the stipulated limit NOISE ENVIRONMENT The result of Noise Quality at Night time Leq (Ln) varies from 48.6 to 53.6 db (A) and the daytime Leq (Ld) varies from 37.2 to 43.1 db (A) within the study area. Low noise level is due to absence of any mining activity in the area WATER ENVIRONMENT The water quality in the impact zone was assessed through physico- chemical and bacteriological analysis of ground and surface water samples. The results have been compared with the drinking water quality standards specified in IS: It was observed that all the physico chemical parameters and heavy metals from surface and ground water samples are below stipulated drinking water standards. All the ground water samples analyzed can be considered fit for drinking purpose in the absence of alternate sources. Comparing the values of ph, DO, BOD and total coliforms with Use based classification of surface waters published by Central Pollution Control Board; it can be seen that all the analyzed surface waters can be compared with class C and can be used as drinking water sources after conventional treatment and disinfection. Bacteriological examination of surface water indicates the presence of total coliforms, which may be due to human activities observed during the study period. 10/6

196 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION SOIL ANALYSIS REPORT Physical characteristics of soil were characterized through specific parameters viz bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, ph, electrical conductivity and texture. Soil ph plays an important role in the availability of nutrients. Soil microbial activity as well as solubility of metal ions is also dependent on ph. In the study area, variations in the ph of the soil were found to be slightly basic (7.65 to 8.02). Electrical conductivity (EC) is a measure of the soluble salts and ionic activity in the soil. In the collected soil samples the conductivity ranged from µmhos/cm. The soils with low bulk density have favorable physical condition where as those with high bulk density exhibit poor physical conditions for agriculture crops BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The lease area as well as buffer zone area reveals no endangered and endemic species of flora and fauna in the area WATER REQUIREMENT The total water consumption in the Mine is about 30.0 KLD. The water is used in the following purposes. For dust suppression. For domestic consumption For greenbelt development. The above water will be met from the ground water from dug wells and tube wells The following table shows the water balance of the mine activity: Water demand for the project Activity Water requirement, m 3 /d Source Dust suppression 4.0 Washing 7.0 Domestic 7.0 dug wells / tube wells Green Belt 12.0 Total /7

197 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 10 SUMMARY AND WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CONCLUSION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The mining activities involve, dozing, excavation, loading, haulage and transportation of Silica Sand These activities lead to generation of air borne dust, which can cause air pollution in and around the mining lease area, if appropriate control measures are not taken. Similarly mining causes Land Degradation, Noise and Water Pollution etc. in the area. In order to minimize impacts of mining on different environmental parameters and to keep air and water quality within prescribed limits of CPCB, a rapid Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to strictly follow it. This helps in resolving all environmental and ecological issues due to mining in the area. The environmental management plan includes all measures and safety precautions necessary for safe mining along with rehabilitation measures for mined out areas. The monitoring of the environment parameters will be out sourced and carried by the lab of SPCB or a lab approved by MoEF/NABL. A budget of Rs 20 lakh has been allocated as capital cost and Rs 9 lakh as recurring cost. Particulars Table 10.2: Cost of Environmental Protection Measures Capital Cost (Rs.) Recurring Cost (Rs.) Pollution Control Dust suppression 9,00,000 3,00,000 Gully plugs, Check Dam and settling tank etc 2,00,000 50,000 Pollution Monitoring -- 1,00,000 Reclamation & Rehabilitation Green belt & afforestation 1,00,000 2,00,000 Others (Environmental study, Statutory 8,00,000 2,50,000 compliance, etc.) Total 20,00,000 9,00, CONCLUSION As discussed, it is safe to say that the proposed facilities are not likely to cause any significant impact to the ecology of the area, as adequate preventive measures will be adopted to keep the various pollutants within the permissible limits. Green belt development around the area will also be taken up as an effective pollution mitigative technique, as well as to serve as biological indicators for the pollutants released from the premises of Pardawan Silica Sand mine. ************** 10/8

198 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultants WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT CHAPTER-XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED The EIA/EMP Report for Pardawan Silica Sand Mining Project has been prepared by Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Ltd. Name of the Consultant Address Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Ltd. F: , Sector: 63, Noida, India ISO 9001: 2008 (QMS), 14001:2004 (EMS) & OHSAS 18001: 2007 Certified Co. Accredited by QCI/NABET. Name of the Laboratory Address GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory F- 375, Sector: 63, Noida, India NABL Accredited Laboratory, Recognized by MoEF under Environment (Protection) Act, A unit of GRC India (P) Ltd. 1

199 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultants WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT The following Coordinator & Functional Area Experts were involved in the preparation of the EIA/EMP Report: EIA Coordinator FAE- AP FAE- WP Mr. K D Choudhury Mr. K D Choudhury Dr. P R Chaudhari FAE- SHW Mr. Rajesh B. FAE- EB FAE-SE FAE- AQM FAE- LU FAE- HG FAE- G FAE- RH FAE- SC FAE- NV Dr. P R Chaudhari Mr. K N Dutta Dr. C Mary Sukanya Mr. P Radhakrishnamoorthy Dr. Tapan Majumder Dr. Tapan Majumder Mr. K D Choudhury Dr. S R Maley Mr. K D Choudhury The following team was involved under the guidance of experts for preparation of the report: Personnel involved in Ms. Neha Singh (Project Associate & AFAE) Preparation of EIA/EMP report as Team Member Mr. Sanjay Singh (Coordinator, RQP & FAE) Dr. P.R. Chaudhari (Coordinator & FAE) Dr. C Mary Sukanya (FAE) Mr. Pranab (Team-Member GIS) Accreditation from Quality Council of India, QCI NABET Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Ltd. has got the Initial accreditation from QCI NABET and has undergone Surveillance Assessment as well. The result of continued accreditation is published on the QCI website as SAAC 69 th and subsequent Minutes of Meeting in the year As per the recently published QCI NABET List of Accredited Consultant Organizations/Rev. 26/January 08, 2015, listed in as accredited 2

200 PROJECT: PARDAWAN SILICA SAND MINE ALONG FINAL EIA Chapter 11: Disclosure of Consultants WITH CRUSHING & WASHING UNIT consultant, Category A Sl. No. 70. The list of accredited consultants is published on QCI NABET and MoEF websites as well. For reference, a snapshot of first page of the accredited list along with the list where GRC India s name is listed is pasted below: 3

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357 AIR MONITORING DATA Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Project Site (AAQ-1) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3 Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- 23, IS:5182:Pt- 2 NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt Min Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

358 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Bargari (AAQ-2) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt Min Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

359 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May m W direction (AAQ-3) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt Min Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

360 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Biharia (AAQ-4) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt Min Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

361 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Near Forest Boundry (AAQ-5) PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, NO 2, µg/ m3 S.No Date Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt-2 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl Min bdl 12.5 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

362 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Gaund (AAQ-6) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl Min bdl 15.6 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

363 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Dhopra (AAQ-7) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl Min bdl 15.1 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

364 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Baghla (AAQ-8) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl Min bdl 12.3 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

365 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Bigarha (AAQ-9) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl Min bdl 13.5 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

366 Pardawan silica & sand mine Ambient Air Quality Data Mar May Gadarwan (AAQ-10) S.No Date PM2.5,µg/ m3 PM10,µg/ m3 SO 2 µg/ m3, Gravimetric IS:5182:Pt- IS:5182:Pt NO 2,µg/ m3 IS:5182:Pt bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl bdl 16.4 Min bdl 13.8 Max Average Percentile NAAQS (For 24 hrly monitoring)

367 GROUNDWATER MONITORING DATA Ground water Quality March 2012 S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Un Un Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent

368 Ground water Quality april 2012 S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Agreeable Agreeable Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent

369 Ground water Quality may 2012 S.No Parameter Limit (as per IS:10500) Unit GW1 (Lakhnauti) GW2(Biharia) GW3(Pardawan) Desirable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Colour 5 25 Hazen <5 <5 <5 2 Odour Unobjectionable - - Agreeable Agreeable Un 3 Taste Agreeable - - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4 Turbidity 5 10 NTU <1 <1 <1 5 ph No Relaxation Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Iron (as Fe) mg/l Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l Fluoride (as F ) mg/l TDS mg/l Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Manganese(as Mn) mg/l Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate(as NO3) 45 No Relaxation mg/l Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Mercury (as Hg) No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Cadmium (as Cd) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Selenium ( as Se ) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Arsenic (as As) 0.01 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Cyanide (as CN ) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Lead (as Pb) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc (as Zn) 5 15 mg/l Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Chromium (as Cr6+) 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mineral oil mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Aluminum (as Al) mg/l <0.02 <0.02 < Boron (as B) 1 5 mg/l <0.1 Bacteriological Parameter 1 Total Coliform 10, Max - MPN/100ml <2 <2 <2 2 E. coli Absent - E.coli /100ml Absent Absent Absent

370 SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY March S.W. 1 S.W. 2 (Yamuna River (Yamuna River S.No. Parameter Unit U/S) U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4_P) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml

371 SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY April S.No. Parameter Unit S.W. 1 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 2 (Yamuna River U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml

372 SURFACE WATER QUALITY STUDY May S.W. 1 S.W. 2 (Yamuna (Yamuna S.No. Parameter Unit River U/S) River U/S) S.W. 3 (Baghla jhil) 1 ph Dissolved Oxygen mg/l BOD (3 Days at 27 C) mg/l Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio Boron mg/l Conductivity µmhos/cm Turbidity NTU magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l Chloride (as Cl) mg/l sulphate (as SO4) mg/l Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l Fluoride (as F) mg/l Sodium (as Na) mg/l Potassium (as K) mg/l TKN (as N) mg/l Total Phosphorous (as PO4) mg/l COD mg/l Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < Iron (as Fe) mg/l Zinc (as Zn) mg/l Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 < Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 < TDS mg/l Bacteriological Parameters 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml

373 NOISE MONITORING DATA Noise Quality Data April S.No. Location ZONE LIMIT (as per CPCB Guidelines),Leq, db(a) Observed value Leq, db(a) DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT* 1 Project site Industrial Zone Bargari Silence Zone m from lease Residential Biharia Residential Near forest boundry Silence Zone Gaund Residential Dhopra Residential * Day time (6.00AM TO 10.00PM) Night time (10.00PM TO 6.00AM)

374 SOIL MONITORING DATA S.No Parameter Unit SQ-1 SQ-2 SQ-3 SQ-4 SQ-5 SQ-6 SQ-7 Project Site 500m from near forest bargari lease biharia boundary gaund dhopra 1 Sandy clay Sandy loamy Sandy Clay Texture - Sandy loam loam Sandy loam loam Sandy Clay loam sand loam Sand % Silt % Clay % ph(1:2) Electrical Conductivity (1:2) µmhos/cm Cation exchange capacity meq/100 gm Exchangeable Potassium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Sodium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Calcium meq/100 gm Exchangeable Magnesium meq/100 gm Sodium Absorption Ratio Water Holding Capacity % Porosity % Permeability cm/hrs Total kjehdahl Nitrogen % Phosphorus(Olsen s) mg/kg Organic Matter % Bulk Density gm/cc

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