Biogas from Co-Fermentation of Biowaste at a Waste Water Treatment Plant

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1 Session 2 Biogas from Co-Fermentation of Biowaste at a Waste Water Treatment Plant 1

2 Energy policy in Europe goes towards reduction of consumption and increase of renewable energy sources for two main reasons: CO2 reduction Reduction of dependency from import 2

3 Increase of renewable energy in EU 27 from 1990 to 2005 in % Renewable energy supply Total energy supply Share of renewables in energy supply Source: Eurostat

4 Contribution of renewable energy in final energy consumption EU 27 18% 16% Share of electricity from renewables 14% in gross electricity consumption 12% 10% Share of heat from renewables in gross heat consumption 8% 6% 4% 2% Share of energy from renewables in total final energy consumption (with normalised hydro) Share of biofuels in petrol and diesel consumption for road transport 0% Source: Eurostat 4

5 Energy production from renewables in EU 27 - share by source 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% EU BE BG CZ DK DE EE IE EL ES FR IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT RO SI SK FI SE UK Solar Energy Biomass & Wastes Geothermal Energy Hydro Power Wind Energy Source: Eurostat 5

6 Share of renewables in final energy consumption % Published in October 2007 Revised in 2008 Calculated in 2008 Target Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Germany Estonia Ireland Greece Spain France Italy Cyprus Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Hungary Malta Netherlands Austria Poland Portugal Romania Slovenia Slovakia Finland Sweden United Kingdom EU Source: Eurostat 6

7 Consequence for the gas industry Counter strategy: reduction of gas sale! New activities like natural gas vehicles New techniques like CHP and virtual power plant Including biomethane as a gas source 7

8 Efficiency of Alternative Fuels How many km will a car run with the fuel produced on 1 ha? Biogas from corn silage via gas grid Bio-Ethanol from sugar beet Bio-Ethanol from corn Bio-Ethanol from wheat BTL (FT Diesel from forest biomass) Bio Diesel km/ha.a Source: OMV Gas&Power 8

9 Production of biogas is the most efficient way to gain energy from agricultural areas But It s a question of ethics not to use too much cultivated area for energy production as competitor against food production So one solution is to use biogenic waste for biogas production! 9

10 Austria: household rubbish: 25 % is bio waste (15% milk/cheese/eggs, 13% vegetables, 12% meat) waste separation is well developed additional subtrate from industrial and commercial bio - waste Source: newspaper Kurier 10

11 Substrates for biogas production: Draff (residues from breweries) Food scrap Flour + flour dust Flotation tailings Meat residues Bakery rest Pomace (from juice and jam production) Residue from leather production Biowaste general (from household) Loppings m³ biogas / t dry organic subsrate * m³ biogas / t wet substrate * * aproximate average figures 11

12 Build up an efficient biogas plant is very costly, so why not use an existing waste water treatment plant? 12

13 The advantages: Biogas from co fermentation of biowaste biogas is already produced d operators are well trained specialists technical controlling is well developed Aditionally needed: space for the additional plant installations natural gas pipe close to the plant (4 bar +) efficient cleaning reaktor concept tfor use of fthe residues 13

14 Example from Styria / Austria: Styria 14

15 Study for biomethane at waste water treatment plants in Styria: 1. Check of all waste water treatment plants of a size > inhabitants equivalent 2. Exclude plants by knock out criteria 3. Define gathering ground for the relevant plants and collect data of substrate potential 4. Develop a concept for biomethane production 15

16 Study for styrian waste water treatment plants: 1. Size > inhabitant equivalent 2. k.o. criteria Gratkorn industrial plant, special solution Graz Pöls industrial plant, special solution Wildon no natural gas grid available Leoben Knittelfeld only 100 mbar gas grid available 16

17 Styria: 17

18 3. Define gathering ground for that plants 18

19 4. Concept for use of enegy and residues from a waste water treatment plant in Leoben waste water and organic waste fertilizer for flowerbeds, landscaping etc. electricity to the grid biomethane to the grid biomethane as fuel for NGVs direct use of biogas Source: Steirische Gas-Wärme GmbH 19

20 Potential for biomethane at the waste water treatment plant in Graz Organic waste from commerce and industry Bio-waste (Graz+ vicinity) Loppings (Graz+ vicinity) 1,7 Mio m³/a biogas = 36,8 TJ/a 1,02 Mio m³/a biomethane 3,87 Mio m³/a biogas = 83,6 TJ/a 2,32 Mio m³/a biomethane 0,55 Mio m³/a biogas = 11.9 TJ/a 0,33 Mio m³/a biomethane Total 3,7 Mio m³/a biomethane 132 TJ/a with upside potential! 20

21 Requirements for Biomethane: meeting natural gas quality (ÖVGW RL G33) assure that the quantity produced can be injected into the grid make sure that the residues after fermentation can be used as fertilizer (quality, regional laws and regulations) and if not, have an alternative concept (e.g. combustion) long term contract for gas sale (e.g. fueling station) 21

22 Biomethane to grid as a vehicles fuel, facts and requirements in Austria Parameter (examples) Biogas (= raw gas) from plant typicaly Biomethane to grid (ÖVGW G33) methapur (Biomethane stand alone) Min. legal quality for CNG as fuel in Austria lt. Kraftstoff-VO BGBL 417/04 Relative density - 0,55-0,65 0,5-0,7 0,55-0,7 Methan % > 96% > 95% No value Carbondioxid % < 3% < 5% No value Calorific Value - Wobbe Index - 10,7-12,8 kwh/m3 13,33-15,7 kwh/m ,2-47,2 MJ (8,4-13,1 kwh/m3) 46,1-56,6 MJ (12,8 15,7 kwh/m³) H2S ppm < 5mg/m3 < 10 ppm No value Oxygen (02) < 3% < 0,5% < 1% No value Source: OMV Gas&Power 22

23 Double tracked concept for the plant in Graz: biowaste fermenter biomethane waste water treatment gas cleaning gaspipe CNG fuelling station impacted biowaste fermenter 23

24 The Swedish example as role model. Biomethane for NGVs in Sweden gas consumptio on of NGVs Mio m³/ /a Nat.G as B iomethane total

25 Thank you for your attention! 25

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