SUNY ESF Gateway Center Sustainable Energy System

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1 SUNY ESF Gateway Center Sustainable Energy System Michael J. Kelleher Executive Director Energy and Sustainability SUNY College Of Environmental Science and Forestry 2012 CNY Engineering Expo November 12, 2012 Syracuse, New York

2 SUNY ESF focused on environmental stewardship for over 100 years. President s Climate Commitment 2006: Carbon Neutral by 2015

3 * reflects GWP & Emission Factors

4 Organizational Boundaries All facilities and properties owned and operated by ESF Main Campus Satellite Campuses, Research Stations, & Forest Properties Operational Boundaries All significant, and ACU-PCC required sources of campus GHG Emissions Direct combustion of fossil fuels (Scope 1) Purchased electricity and steam (Scope 2) Commuting, Air travel, T&D Losses (Scope 3) Temporal Boundaries : Three Phases Phase One - Planting the Seeds: Phase Two - Completed Initiatives: Phase Three Planned Initatives:

5 Emissions & Energy Data Documentation, Calculation, Projections Specifically designed for colleges & universities GHG Protocol Standards most widely-used international accounting tool for quantifying GHG emissions (APUPCC, 2007) All six (6) greenhouse gases specified by the Kyoto Protocol CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC and PFC, and SF6 Global Warming Potentials & Emission Factors MTCO2e(metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent) Used to measure, represent, and express all institutional GHG emissions

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7 Traditional Electric Generation Central Station Concentrate emissions and environmental impacts Electric generation Efficiency (after almost 100 years of refinement) 33-38% Fossil fuels Boundary definition for the evaluation of CHP needs to include primary Energy inputs from prior (purchased electricity and thermal) sources.

8 Overall Before the Gateway Energy System Energy Required Conversion Efficiency Energy Input Losses Delivered Energy 45,455 GJ 49,575 GJ 52% 95,030 GJ 48% of all energy input is wasted as losses 49,575 GJ Assumptions/facts: Purchased electricity 34% efficient, marginal plant is fueled by natural gas and has 9,800 btu/kwh heat rate. Purchased steam has a 58% delivered efficiency. Based on steam produced and natural gas purchased for steam plant.

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10 Combined heat and power in a LEED Platinum building (targeted) in an urban center.

11 Projected building energy Consumption 40 Kbtu/ft2-yr

12 CHP in a high performance building Some Issues to consider: Thermal use Emissions Indoor air quality Economics Energy Returns Fuel Choice Education (ESF) Sometimes optimal may not be optimal!

13 Options Considered Size Range Small (just heat Gateway) Medium (partial campus) Large (all of campus) Fuel Choice Biomass (chips or pellets) Biodiesel Natural Gas Geothermal (non-chp) Uses of thermal energy Consideration of adsorption chillers

14 Decision to install multi-component energy system Fuel diversity (biomass, solar and natural gas) Risk management (prices and physical supply) Renewable fuels (biomass and solar) Technology diversity Risk management (technology failure) Match electric and thermal needs Demonstration (positive externality) Economic Analysis $3.2 million cost ($963,000 NYSERDA funding) Projected annual savings of $400,000 annually Providing a $1.5 million NPV over 15 years Environmental Impacts Reduce CO2 emissions by 2700 tons annually Reduce local and overall SO2 and NOx emissions Added an electrostatic precipitator to lower fine particulate emissions below current standards.

15 ESF CHP project total cost: $3.2 million NYSERDA CHP Program: $963,000 (PON 1931) Contact Ed Kear $400,000 in annual energy savings expected.

16 8,000 MBtu CHP Wood Pellet Steam Boiler 8,000 MBtu CHP Natural Gas Steam Boiler 275 kw Back-pressure steam turbine Three 65 kw CHP Natural Gas Micro-turbines Solar Thermal for hot water needs 100 kw Solar PV array

17 The building houses Admissions, Outreach and conference facilities. A large number of visitors creates the potential for a positive informational externality. The energy system is displayed via: color coded equipment, permanent, electronic and web based displays Heat Recovery Boiler Microturbines Steam turbine Nat Gas Boilers Air handlers Electrostatic Precipitator Ash removal Wood pellet gasifier and boiler

18 BIOMASS SYSTEM (thermal rich): Operates 8-9 months per year to meet campus heating needs

19 NATURAL GAS & BIODIESEL MICRO TURBINES (balanced electric & thermal output): Will operate 12 months per year to meet campus electric and heating needs

20 Overall With the Gateway Energy System Energy Required Conversion Efficiency Energy Input Losses Delivered Energy 15,911 GJ 49,575 GJ 76% 65,486 GJ Wasted energy has been cut in half Input energy is now 55% renewable 49,575 GJ Fossil fuels saved 65,000 GJ 30,000 GJ from efficiency improvements 35,000 GJ from fuel switching Gateway Energy System Production 20% of total campus use 65% of total campus Saving $400,000 per year

21 Biomass CHP, Efficient and low emissions ESF/NYSERDA leadership in Environmental Stewardship This project is in an urban setting close to the Carrier Dome, Hospitals and college campuses. Included an electrostatic precipitator Emissions are reduced compared to existing purchased electricity and steam ESF will be working with NYSERDA to measure emissions under varying load conditions before and after the electrostatic precipitator. New York has an abundant supply of biomass Sustainably manage the forest resources and use efficiently Promote Environmental Stewardship and Responsibility

22 Questions?

23 Questions for Audience What factors other than economics could you consider in designing a CHP system for a client/customer? Why consider anything other than forecasted costs and benefits? Why consider biomass as a fuel for CHP systems? What are the two main sources of fossil fuel savings in the Gateway energy system?