Noise Impact Assessment. For Proposed Extension to Landfill Operations. Gowy Landfill Site Ince Lane Chester. For. FCC Environment

Transcription

1 56a Leabrooks Road Somercotes Derbyshire DE55 4HB Tel No: Fax No: For Proposed At Gowy Landfill Site Ince Lane Chester For Report No.: R /DRK Date: Consultant: D.R. Kettlewell MSc MAE MIOA I.Eng Noise & Vibration Consultants Ltd 56a Leabrooks Road Somercotes Derbyshire DE55 4HB Tel no: Fax no: Member of Institute of Acoustics Member of Association of Noise Consultants Member of Academy of Experts

2 For Proposed At Gowy Landfill Site Ince Lane Chester For Consultant: D.R. Kettlewell MSc MIOA MAE I.Eng Report prepared by: Noise & Vibration Consultants Ltd 56a Leabrooks Road Somercotes Derbyshire DE55 4HB Ref. No. R /DRK Report prepared by: D R Kettlewell MSc MIOA MAE I.Eng Principal Consultant: Date: 13 th May 2016

3 Summary 1. NVC Ltd have been instructed by Axis acting on behalf of FCC Environment to provide a noise impact assessment for the proposed extension to Landfill Operations at the Gowy Landfill site at Ince Lane, Chester ( the site ). 2. The Gowy Landfill site incorporates an active landfill site with associated composting facility and landfill gas plant. 3. The Site will be subject to two Section 73 Planning Applications. One application is for the continued operation of the Gowy Landfill facility until 5th November 2022, with restoration within 12 months of cessation of operations; a parallel application seeks an extension to the Gowy composting facility until 5th November 2022 with site restoration within 6 months of cessation of operations. The current planning permissions (No. 6/08/103/CPO and 6/09/10087/CPO) time limit landfill and composting operations to 5 th November 2016 with restoration required within 12 and 6 months respectively. 4. The assessment determines the likely highest noise levels from the Landfill Activities which includes the associated composting and gas engine operations at the nearest sensitive receptors ( NSRs ). 5. Noise levels have been considered and assessed during the operational phases of the proposed development. 6. Noise levels for the site activities and plant operations have been determined following a site noise survey, which provides empirical data of the fixed and mobile plant in operation to maximise accuracy. 7. The most relevant noise criteria for this type of facility is the NPPF Technical Guidance on mineral planning relative to the nearest residential properties and that the noise levels should aim to achieve a noise level not exceeding the prevailing background sound level by Report No. R DRK

4 more than 10dB(A) and should not exceed a noise level of 55dB L Aeq1hr (free field) at the nearest noise sensitive receptor. Conclusions 8. The report predicts the impact of noise from fixed and mobile plant that would be used at the proposed site during the operational work activities. The noise assessment concludes the following: Baseline sound levels at nearest sensitive receptors (NSRs) have been assessed during a typical weekday period under appropriate weather conditions to determine the representative background levels. Noise levels have been considered and assessed during the operational phases of the proposed development. The guidance noise limits have been used to determine the highest likely impact including the cumulative impact of all other activities on the Landfill Site (i.e. Landfilling, Composting activities and landfill gas engine operations activities). Plant operating noise levels for the associated landfill mobile plant & HGVs, composting plant and gas engine facility plant have been obtained from empirical measurement data recorded at the Gowy Landfill site. This information has enabled us determine the highest likely noise contribution from the proposed site at the nearest sensitive receptor locations. At the nearest residential boundaries, the predicted highest noise levels from the proposed landfill activities range from 31dB(A) to 46dB(A) Leq 1hr. The noise level at the closest receptors southeast and east of the site (i.e. off Ince Lane & Wimbolds Trafford) are between 35dB(A) to 46dB(A) Leq 1hr from landfill activities, which increases to 40dB(A) to 46dB(A) Leq 1hr when considering the cumulative impact of other site Report No. R DRK

5 operations. These levels are below the derived noise limit set by the extant planning consent condition 22 of planning permission for the landfill site at NSRs. The noise levels are within the noise limits according to the NPPF Technical Guidance for Mineral Planning of background sound level +10dB(A) or lower than the maximum limit of 55dB L Aeq,1hr. The noise prediction calculations assumes existing local screening around the composting area and all plant is operating maximum time on site to give the highest likely noise levels. Based on the above assessment it is considered that noise should not be considered a material constraint for the proposed extension to landfill, composting and gas engine operations at the Gowy Landfill site. Noise mitigation measures have considered the application of BAT for noise control on the development site to minimise noise levels. In terms of increase in noise level for this additional HGV movement onto the local road network would result in a negligible impact magnitude according to DMRB impact assessment methodology and would therefore be insignificant. Report No. R DRK

6 CONTENTS Section Page Number 1. Introduction 1 2. Site Description 3 3. Noise Policy, Guidance & Standards 6 4. Baseline Conditions Noise Level Predictions Conclusions 22 References Figures 1-3 Appendix 1 Basic Acoustic Terminology Appendix 2 Baseline Sound Levels Appendix 3 Typical Site Operating Noise Levels Appendix 4 Noise Mapping Appendix 5 Consultant s Experience & Qualifications Report No. R DRK

7 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 At the request of Axis acting on behalf of, Noise & Vibration Consultants Ltd ( NVC ) was commissioned to assess the noise levels for the proposed extension to Landfill Operations at the Gowy Landfill site at Ince Lane, Chester ( the site ). 1.2 The Gowy Landfill site incorporates an active landfill site with associated composting facility and landfill gas plant. 1.3 The Site is will be subject to two Section 73 Planning Applications. One application is for the continued operation of the Gowy Landfill facility until 5th November 2022, with restoration within 12 months of cessation of operations; a parallel application seeks an extension to the Gowy composting facility until 5th November 2022 with site restoration within 6 months of cessation of operations. The current planning permissions (No. 6/08/103/CPO and 6/09/10087/CPO) time limit landfill and composting operations to 5 th November 2016 with restoration required within 12 and 6 months respectively. 1.4 The assessment determines the likely highest noise levels from the Landfill Activities which includes the associated composting and gas engine operations at the nearest sensitive receptors. 1.5 Noise levels have been considered and assessed during the operational phases of the proposed development. Relevant and appropriate noise guidance and standards have been used to determine the highest likely impact. 1.6 Noise levels for the associated processing plant have been determined from empirical noise data obtained from similar sites in the UK. This information has enabled us determine the noise contribution from the proposed site at the nearest residential properties to compare with appropriate noise limits. Report No. R DRK Page 1

8 Sources of Information 1.7 Information used in this assessment has been obtained from the following sources: Ordnance Survey maps of the local area; information relating to the general layout of the site and proposed working areas was provided by Axis; Department for Communities and Local Government: National Planning Policy Framework: March 2012; National Planning Policy Framework Technical Guidance; Planning Practice Guidance Minerals `Guidance on the planning for mineral extraction in plan making and the application process (October 2014); British Standards BS4142: 2014 and BS7445: 2003; BS5228: 2009 `Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites ; and Planning Consent 00/02689/FUL & 6/09/10087/CPO Assessment Methodology 1.8 The aim of the survey and assessment was to provide information and advice on the following: identify plant equipment and its location; identify the nearest noise sensitive receptors or sites; determine likely source noise levels; and provide predictions of resultant noise levels at the nearest sensitive receptors; compare predicted noise levels at sensitive receptors with absolute noise guidance and standards. Report No. R DRK Page 2

9 1.9 Appendix 1 provides details of technical terms within the chapter, for ease of reference. There is also a chart showing typical everyday noise levels to assist in understanding the subjective level of noise in terms of decibels The plant relevant to the planning application relates to the following equipment: Landfill Operations: a) Compactor b) Dozer c) Excavator d) Water Bowser e) HGV/RCV Movements Composting Facility f) Front Loader g) HGV Movement Landfill Gas Engines h) 6 Gas Engines in acoustic containers Report No. R DRK Page 3

10 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION 2.1 Location The Gowy Landfill Site is situated in Wimbolds Trafford approximately 3.5km north-east of the edge of the city of Chester and some 4km south-east of the town of Ellesmere Port. The location of Gowy Landfill site is illustrated in Figure 1 to this report, which shows that the site is close to the M53 and M56 which are easily accessible from the A Gowy Landfill site is located to the south of Wimbolds Trafford and is accessed off the B5132 Ince Lane. The unadopted site access road is shared with a neighbouring warehousing business (John Davies & Co). Heading northwest on the B5132 Ince Lane leads to the village of Wimbolds Trafford and on to the A5117 School Lane. This is the most direct route to the M56 except for vehicles over 7.5T. There is a weight restriction for this category of vehicle north of the site access road except for access. Consequently, all HGV s travelling to and from the site arrive via Ince Lane south of the junction with the site access road. Description of the Development The Gowy Landfill facility is open from 08:00 to 18:00 on weekdays and Bank Holidays and 08:00 to 13:00 on Saturdays. The reception of wastes from Cheshire West and Chester and Cheshire East Councils is permitted between Monday to Sunday, including Bank Holidays. Such movements are likely to be low. The Gowy composting facility is permitted to receive material between 08:00 to 18:00 on all days. 2.2 Nearest Sensitive Receptors The nearest sensitive receptors (NSRs) are located off Ince Lane and at Wimbolds Trafford which are located to the southeast and east respectively. NSRs at greater distance include those to the northeast off Hallsgreen Lane and west to northwest off Picton Lane. Report No. R DRK Page 4

11 2.2.2 The site location relative to the nearest sensitive receptors is provided in Figure 1 attached. 2.3 Nearest Receptor Distances The nearest sensitive receptors to the Landfill, Composting and Landfill Gas Engine operations and approximate distances are provided below in Table 2.1. Table 2.1: NSR Distances to Aggregate Manufacturing Facility ID Description Grid Reference Type 1 Property off Ince Lane (closest to site) 2 Property off Ince Lane (closest to Composting Facility 3 Wimbolds Trafford (properties off Ince Lane) 4 Property south of Hallsgreen Lane 5 Property at end of Hallsgreen Lane 6 Properties off Picton Lane (west of site) 7 Property Picton Lane (north of Lane) (OSGB) X Y Approximate Distance to Landfill, Composting & Gas Engine Operations (m) Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Direction from Landfill Activities SE SE E NE NE SW W 2.4 Development Description The development proposals seek extensions to the operational life of the Gowy Landfill and Composting facilities until 5th November 2022 with final site restoration within 12 months of cessation of landfill operations Based upon forecasted inputs, it is anticipated that a further 6 years will be necessary to complete the landfill to the approved final profile and to provide essential waste disposal capacity. The life of the composting facility will be extended for the same term. Report No. R DRK Page 5

12 3.0 NOISE POLICY, GUIDANCE AND STANDARDS 3.1 Introduction Noise has been defined as sound that is unwanted by the recipient. The effects of noise on the neighbourhood are varied and complicated, including such things as interference with speech communication, disturbance of work, leisure or sleep. A further complicating factor is that in any one neighbourhood some individuals will be more sensitive to noise than others. 3.2 Mineral Planning Guidance The previous planning guidance (i.e. MPS2) introduced in 2006 has now been removed by Government and replaced with the National Planning Policy Framework [ NPPF ] (March 2012) published by the Department for Communities and Local Government This document is supported by `Technical Guidance to the National Planning Policy Framework Within the technical guidance is a section on `Noise emissions which is provided below for ease of reference: 28. The National Planning Policy Framework makes it clear that minerals planning authorities should ensure that unavoidable noise emissions are controlled, mitigated or removed at source. It further recognises that mineral planning authorities should also establish appropriate noise limits for extraction in proximity to noise sensitive properties. 29. Those making development proposals should carry out a noise emissions assessment, which should identify all sources of noise and, for each source, consider the proposed operating locations, procedures, schedules and duration of work for the life of the operation. Proposals for the control or mitigation of noise emissions should consider: Report No. R DRK Page 6

13 the main characteristics of the production process and its environs, including the location of noise-sensitive properties; proposals to minimise, mitigate or remove noise emissions at source; assessing the existing noise climate around the site of the proposed operations, including background noise levels at nearby noise-sensitive properties; estimating the likely future noise from the development and its impact on the neighbourhood of the proposed operations; monitoring noise emissions to ensure compliance with appropriate environmental standards. Noise Standards Relating to Mineral Planning 30. Subject to a maximum of 55dB(A)LAeq, 1h (free field), mineral planning authorities should aim to establish a noise limit at the noise-sensitive property that does not exceed the background level by more than 10dB(A). It is recognised, however, that in many circumstances it will be difficult to not exceed the background level by more than 10dB(A) without imposing unreasonable burdens on the mineral operator. In such cases, the limit set should be as near that level as practicable during normal working hours ( ) and should not exceed 55dB(A) LAeq, 1h (free field). Evening ( ) limits should not exceed background level by more than 10dB(A) and night-time limits should not exceed 42dB(A) LAeq,1h (free field) at noise-sensitive dwellings. Where tonal noise contributes significantly to the total site noise, it may be appropriate to set specific limits for this element. Peak or impulsive noise, which may include some reversing bleepers, may also require separate limits that are independent of background noise - e.g. Lmax in specific octave or third-octave bands - and should not be allowed to occur regularly at night. 31. All mineral operations will have some particularly noisy short-term activities that cannot meet the limits set for normal operations. Examples include soil-stripping, the construction and removal of baffle mounds, soil storage mounds and spoil heaps, construction of new permanent landforms and aspects of site road construction and maintenance. Report No. R DRK Page 7

14 However, these activities can bring longer-term environmental benefits. Increased temporary daytime noise limits of up to 70dB(A) LAeq 1h (free field) for periods of up to 8 weeks in a year at specified noise-sensitive properties should be considered to facilitate essential site preparation and restoration work and construction of baffle mounds where it is clear that this will bring longer-term environmental benefits to the site or its environs. Where work is likely to take longer than 8 weeks, a lower limit over a longer period should be considered. In some wholly exceptional cases, where there is no viable alternative, a higher limit for a very limited period may be appropriate in order to attain the environmental benefits. Within this framework, the 70 db(a) LAeq 1h (free field) limit referred to above should be regarded as the normal maximum. 3.3 General Planning Policy National Planning Policy Framework Chapter 11 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) is concerned with the conservation and enhancement of the natural environment. It indicates at paragraph 109 that: the planning system should contribute to and enhance the natural environment by: Preventing both new and existing development from contributing to or being put at unacceptable risk from, or being adversely affected by unacceptable levels of soil, air, water or noise pollution or land instability Paragraph 123 refers directly to the issue of noise and states that Planning policies and decisions should aim to: Avoid noise from giving rise to significant adverse impacts on health and quality of life as a result of new development; Mitigate and reduce to a minimum other adverse impacts on health and quality of life arising from noise from new development, including through the use of conditions; Recognise that development will often create some noise and existing businesses wanting to develop in continuance of their business should not Report No. R DRK Page 8

15 have unreasonable restrictions put on them because of changes in nearby land uses since they were established; and Identify and protect areas of tranquillity which have remained relatively undisturbed by noise and are prized for their recreational and amenity value for this reason The Noise Policy Statement for England (NPSE) was published in March It specifies the following long-term vision in policy aims: Through the effective management and control of environmental, neighbour and neighbourhood noise within the context of Government policy on sustainable development: Avoid significant adverse impacts on health and quality of life; Mitigate and minimise adverse impacts on health and quality of life; and Where possible, contribute to the improvement of health and quality of life The NPSE introduced three concepts to the assessment of noise, which includes: NOEL No Observed Effect Level This is the level below which no effect can be detected and below which there is no detectable effect on health and quality of life due to noise. LOAEL Lowest Observable Adverse Effect Level This is the level above which adverse effects on health and quality of life can be detected. SOAEL Significant Observed Adverse Effect Level This is the level above which significant adverse effects on health and quality of life occur The above categories are however undefined in terms of noise levels and for the SOAEL the NPSE indicates that the noise level will vary depending upon the noise source, the receptor and the time of day/day of the week, etc. The need for more research is therefore required to establish what may represent an Report No. R DRK Page 9

16 SOAEL. It is acknowledged in the NPSE that not stating specific SOAEL levels provides policy flexibility until there is further evidence and guidance The following commentary is given on the representation of NOEL, LOAEL and SOAEL in relation to existing British Standards/ International guidelines: NOEL Inaudibility LOAEL The guideline values for community noise in specific environments as set out in table 1 of the WHO Guidelines for Community Noise 1999 and in tables 5 and 6 of BS8233: Sound insulation and noise reduction for buildings - Code of Practice The NPSE concludes how the LOAEL and SOAEL relate to the three aims listed in paragraph above. The initial aim relates to avoiding significant adverse effects on health and quality of life, it then addresses the situation where the noise impact falls between the LOAEL and the SOAEL when: all reasonable steps should be taken to mitigate and minimise adverse effects on health and quality of life while also taking into account the guiding principles of sustainable development The final aim envisages pro-active management of noise to improve health and quality of life, again taking into account the guiding principles of sustainable development On March 6 th 2014 the Government updated the Planning Practice Guidance ( PPG ) on noise, which provides further information in respect of new developments which may be sensitive to the prevailing acoustic environment The PPG includes a table summarising the noise exposure hierarchy, based on the likely average response. Under the heading of `perception the `noticeable and not intrusive assessment of noise is defined as `noise can be heard, but does not cause any change in behaviour or attitude. Can slightly affect the acoustic character of the area but not such there is a perceived change in the Report No. R DRK Page 10

17 quality of life. The increasing effect level under these conditions is deemed to be `no observed adverse effect and no specific measures are required Within PPG there is a section on Mineral Planning entitled `Assessing environmental impacts from minerals extraction. The guidance states: How should mineral planning authorities determine the impact of noise? Mineral planning authorities should take account of the prevailing acoustic environment and in doing so consider whether or not noise from the proposed operations would: give rise to a significant adverse effect; give rise to an adverse effect; and enable a good standard of amenity to be achieved. In line with the Explanatory Note of the Noise Policy Statement for England, this would include identifying whether the overall effect of the noise exposure would be above or below the significant observed adverse effect level and the lowest observed adverse effect level for the given situation. As noise is a complex technical issue, it may be appropriate to seek experienced specialist assistance when applying this policy. What are the appropriate noise standards for mineral operators for normal operations? Mineral planning authorities should aim to establish a noise limit, through a planning condition, at the noise-sensitive property that does not exceed the background noise level (L A90,1h ) by more than 10dB(A) during normal working hours ( ). Where it will be difficult not to exceed the background level by more than 10dB(A) without imposing unreasonable burdens on the mineral operator, the limit set should be as near that level as practicable. In any event, the total noise from the operations should not exceed 55dB(A) LAeq, 1h (free field). For operations during the evening ( ) the noise limits should not exceed the background noise level (L A90,1h ) by more than 10dB(A) and should not exceed 55dB(A) LAeq, 1h (free field ). For any operations during the period noise limits should be set to reduce to a minimum any adverse impacts, without imposing unreasonable burdens on the mineral operator. In any Report No. R DRK Page 11

18 event the noise limit should not exceed 42dB(A) LAeq,1h (free field) at a noise sensitive property. Where the site noise has a significant tonal element, it may be appropriate to set specific limits to control this aspect. Peak or impulsive noise, which may include some reversing bleepers, may also require separate limits that are independent of background noise (e.g. Lmax in specific octave or third-octave frequency bands and that should not be allowed to occur regularly at night.) Care should be taken, however, to avoid any of these suggested values being implemented as fixed thresholds as specific circumstances may justify some small variation being allowed The technical advice and noise limits provided in PPG is basically a repeat of that provided within the `Technical Guidance to the National Planning Policy Framework. BS Code of Practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites In the forward of this standard it states `This British Standard refers to the need for the protection against noise and vibration of persons living and working in the vicinity of, and those working on, construction and open sites. It recommends procedures for noise and vibration control in respect of construction operations, and aims to assist architects, contractors and site operatives, designers, developers, engineers, local authority environmental health officers and planners. [Reference: BS5228-1: 2009 item iii)] Under the heading `Use of this document it states `As a code of practice, this part of BS5228 takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure claims of compliance are not misleading. [Reference: BS5228-1: 2009 item iv)] Report No. R DRK Page 12

19 This scope of the standard is clarified as follows: `This part of BS5228 gives recommendations for basic methods of noise control relating to construction and open sites where work activities/operations generate significant noise levels, including industry-specific guidance. The legislative background to noise control is described and recommendations are given regarding procedures for the establishment of effective liaison between developers, site operators and local authorities. This part of BS5228 provides guidance concerning methods of predicting and measuring noise and assessing its impact on those exposed to it. [Reference: BS5228-1: 2009 page 1, section 1] The guidance gives specific advice in relation to noise control from mineral extraction workings (Reference: BS5228-1: 2009 section 8.7) refers to guidance provided within MPS2 Appendix 2B In summary, the relevant advice provided within the MPS2 Appendix 2B document to minimise noise from these types of site is set out under the following headings: a) Site location and layout b) Choice of equipment c) Maintenance of plant d) Site operations e) Sequencing of activities f) Acoustic screening 3.4 Planning Permission We understand that the landfill and associated operations at the proposed development site have previously been granted planning permission by Cheshire County Council, which includes noise limits at an agreed monitoring location (ref.6/08/103/cpo). Report No. R DRK Page 13

20 3.4.2 The noise limits relating to condition 22 of the planning consent are as follows: 22. A noise monitoring programme shall be agreed with the Waste planning Authority within 6 months of the date of this permission. The noise limit at the agreed monitoring location as illustrated on Drawing Ref: Noise Monitoring Location Plan, dated July (6/02/1132) will not exceed 60dB (LAeq, 1 hour) during operations authorised by this consent, except for the removal of overburden, the formation of screen mounds, cell formation, any associated engineering works and the final restoration of the site which will not exceed 75dB(LAeq, 1 hour). The agreed noise monitoring programme shall be implemented and maintained throughout the life of the operations related to this permission, unless otherwise approved in writing by the Waste Planning Authority The agreed monitoring location is provided within Figure 2 of this report The above has to be considered in context with the cumulative noise contribution from other site activities including the Composting activities and landfill gas engine operations Noise monitoring of these activities have been undertaken at site to estimate the noise contribution at NSRs. Report No. R DRK Page 14

21 4.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS Survey Technique 4.1 The background sound survey was carried out in accordance with BS4142: 2014 and advice given in BS7445: 2003 `Description and measurement of environmental noise. Baseline Conditions 4.2 An environmental sound survey was carried out at the site to determine details of the sound climate in the vicinity of the nearest noise sensitive receptors ( NSRs ), which are residential properties. This provides typical background sound data in the area around the Site. The site inspection and detailed baseline survey was carried out on Wednesday 1 st June The following locations for static sound monitoring were established: Position A: This monitoring location was chosen away from site activities and to represent receptors southeast of the Site off Ince Lane. This position gives an indication of typical ambient and background sound levels. Background sound levels were observed to be generally due to local and distant road traffic noise and birdsong. Position B: Monitoring position B was located east of the Site approximately 80m from the B5132 Ince Lane to give an indication of baseline sound level for properties at Wimsbold Trafford. The noise climate at this location is dominated by road traffic movements along the local road network. Position C: This monitoring location was west of the landfill activities on Site off Picton Lane (north) to give an indication of background sound levels for receptors off Ashwood Lane. Noise levels are dominated by local and distant road traffic noise from the M56 and M53. Report No. R DRK Page 15

22 Position D: Spot roaming monitoring position D was located on Hallsgreen Lane, which is northeast of the Site and relatively close to the M56 Motorway. The noise climate at this location is dominated by road traffic movements along the Motorway. Position E: Position E was chosen to check on sound levels at the end of Hallsgreen Lane as there is a property in this location. The property is however adjacent to the M56 Motorway which dominates the noise climate. Position F: This location was chosen to represent properties located south of Hallsgreen Lane slightly further away from the M56. Noise levels are dominated by distant road traffic noise from the M56 Motorway. Position G: Location G represents typical background sound levels for properties west of the Site off Picton Lane. Noise levels are dominated by local and distant road traffic noise. 4.4 It is considered that these baseline monitoring positions provide a good crosssection of sound levels at the most sensitive existing and proposed residential areas relative to the development. This opinion is based on subjective observations and objective evidence during the site inspection of the surrounding area. 4.5 The monitoring positions are indicated on Figure 1, which are representative of existing residential property positions and provide broadband sound data of the existing sound climate around the site, at the NSRs. 4.6 The monitoring exercise was generally carried out on a weekend period to establish the lowest likely representative ambient sound climate. Details of the instrumentation used for the survey are provided in the results tables in Appendix 2. Site Baseline Sound Survey Report No. R DRK Page 16

23 4.7 The results of average measurements taken at the fixed monitoring positions at site are presented below in Table 4.1. The detailed measurements are contained within Appendix 2. Summary of Baseline Survey Results Table 4.1: Baseline Sound Levels Location LAeq db LA10 db LA90 db Representative LA90 db LAmax db A. Off Ince Lane (SW) B. Wimsbold Trafford (E) C. Picton Lane North (NW) D. Hallsgreen Lane (NE) E. Hallsgreen Lane (NE) F. South of Hallsgreen Lane(NE) G. Picton Lane (W) Note: Levels rounded up or down to nearest integer. All levels calculated as average except columns 5 & From the results of the background survey and observations at the NSRs, it is clear that the noise climate is dominated by local and distant road traffic noise. Report No. R DRK Page 17

24 5.0 NOISE LEVEL PREDICTIONS 5.1 Introduction Noise has been defined as sound, which is undesired by the recipient. The effects of noise on the neighbourhood are varied and complicated, including such things as interference with speech communication, disturbance of work, leisure or sleep. A further complicating factor is that in any one neighbourhood some individuals will be more sensitive to noise than others A measure that is in general use and is recommended internationally for the description of environmental noise is the equivalent continuous noise level or L Aeq parameter In general, the level of noise in the local environs that arises from a development site will depend on a number of factors. The more significant of which are:- (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) The sound power levels (SWL's) of the plant or equipment used on site. The periods of operation of the plant on site. The distance between the source noise and the receiving position. The presence or absence of screening effects due to barriers, or ground absorption. Any reflection effects due to the facades of buildings etc. 5.2 Prediction Methodology Operational Noise For site operational noise we have used ISO prediction modelling and CadnaA software for producing noise maps of the highest likely generated noise. Report No. R DRK Page 18

25 5.2.2 The methodology takes into account source position, distance, duration of activity, and any screening from existing buildings/screens on the intervening ground in relation to the nearest sensitive receptors. The noise modelling assumes that all plant is operating. The prediction calculations therefore provide an indication of the highest likely noise level. Ground absorption is based on a mixed ground attenuation (i.e. G=0.5) Predictions for mobile plant movements on site have also been based on the calculation methodology provided under BS5228. We have used CadnaA software prediction modelling for the calculations (refer to Appendix 4 for noise maps). 5.3 Plant Complement A list of plant sound pressure levels from which the noise predictions were made are presented in Appendix 3. The plant complement is based on plant noise levels obtained from empirical noise measurements recorded of actual plant operating on the Site for maximum accuracy. 5.4 Results of Noise Predictions Site Plant Noise Assessment: Noise levels from fixed and mobile plant operating at the landfill facility is provided below in Table 5.1. This assumes that the plant is operating for the maximum time on site. Refer to noise maps 1 to 9 in Appendix 4. Table 5.1: Predicted Noise Contribution from Landfill Operations (refer to noise maps 1 to 9 in Appendix 4) ID Receptor Position (Refer to Figure 1) Period Predicted highest noise level LAeq (db) Noise Limit Criteria LAeq 1hr (db) Level Difference db(a) 1 Property off Ince Lane (SE) Daytime to Property off Ince Lane (E) Daytime to Wimbolds Trafford Daytime to -7 4 South of Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to End of Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to Picton Lane Daytime to Picton Lane (north) Daytime to -14 Report No. R DRK Page 19

26 5.4.2 The above tables show the range of predicted highest likely noise levels from site operations which would occur during the daytime period (including use of mobile plant). The results show no exceedance of the derived noise criteria. Cumulative Effects The above assessment considers the noise contribution from fixed plant and mobile noise sources at the Landfill Operations which does not include for the cumulative effect of the Composting activities and landfill gas engine. Table 5.2: Cumulative additional noise sources at Gowy Landfill ID Receptor Position (Refer to Figure 1) Landfill Activities Predicted Noise Levels LAeq 1hr db Composting Activities Predicted Noise Levels LAeq 1hr db Gas Engine Predicted Noise Levels LAeq 1hr db Total cumulative noise level* LAeq 1hr db 1 Property off Ince Lane (SE) Property off Ince Lane (E) Wimbolds Trafford South of Hallsgreen Lane Hallsgreen Lane End of Hallsgreen Lane Picton Lane Picton Lane (north) *Calculated by logarithmic addition of columns 3, 4 & 5. Gas engine noise source assumes al 6 engines operating The above results are compared with the site noise limits below in Table 5.3. Refer to noise maps 10 and 11 in Appendix 4 for gas engine and composting operations. Table 5.3: Cumulative Noise Contribution from Fixed & Mobile Plant on site at Gowy Landfill Site with all activities operating on site ID Receptor Position (Refer to Figure 1) Period Predicted highest cumulative noise level LAeq (db) Noise Limit Criteria LAeq 1hr (db) Level Difference db(a) 1 Property off Ince Lane (SE) Daytime to -8 2 Property off Ince Lane (E) Daytime to Wimbolds Trafford Daytime to -7 4 South of Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to End of Hallsgreen Lane Daytime to Picton Lane Daytime to Picton Lane (north) Daytime to -14 Report No. R DRK Page 20

27 5.4.5 The above table shows that the cumulative effect of all existing operations on site including the composting and gas engine operations does not exceed appropriate noise limits Predicted cumulative noise levels at the agreed monitoring position in accordance with the monitoring scheme relating to Condition 22 of extant planning permission are provided below in Table 5.4. Table 5.4: Cumulative Noise Contribution from Fixed & Mobile Plant on site at Gowy Landfill Site with all activities operating on site ID Receptor Position (Refer to Figure 2 & noise maps 1 to 11) Period Level Difference db(a) 9 Agreed site noise monitoring position Predicted highest cumulative noise level LAeq (db) Noise Limit Criteria LAeq 1hr (db) Daytime to -4 Road Traffic onto Local Road Network According to the Transport Statement the peak hour vehicle movements to and from Site is recorded as being 12 arrivals and 7 departures for HGVs The peak hour movements along the B5132 Ince Lane south of the site access is shown to be 298 vehicles and for the A56 Warrington Road west of Ince Lane a total of 955 vehicles In terms of increase in noise level for this additional HGV movement it would represent approximately +0.1 to +0.3dB LA 10 1hr, which in terms of a Design Manual for Roads & Bridges (Ref.: DMRB Volume 11, Section 3, Part 7 HD 213/11: November 2011) impact assessment would result in a negligible impact magnitude and is therefore insignificant. Report No. R DRK Page 21

28 6.0 CONCLUSIONS 6.1 The assessment determines the likely highest noise levels from the landfill operations within the Gowy landfill site at the nearest sensitive receptors. The landfill the facility would include the use of compactors, excavator, dozer, mobile plant and water bowser. 6.2 Baseline sound levels at nearest sensitive receptors (NSRs) have been assessed over a weekday period to determine representative background levels. 6.3 Noise levels have been considered and assessed during the operational phases of the proposed development. Appropriate noise guidance and standards have been used to determine the highest likely impact including the cumulative impact of all other activities on the Landfill Site (i.e. Composting activities and Landfill Gas Engine operation activities). 6.4 Operating noise levels for the associated plant on site have been obtained from on-site noise measurements of existing plant. This information has enabled us determine the highest likely noise contribution from the proposed site at the NSRs. 6.5 At the nearest residential boundaries, the predicted highest noise levels from the proposed landfill activities range from 36dB(A) to 48dB(A) Leq 1hr. The noise level at the closest receptors southeast and east of the site (i.e. off Ince Lane & Wimbolds Trafford) are between 37dB(A) to 48dB(A) Leq 1hr from landfill activities, which increases to 44dB(A) to 48dB(A) Leq 1hr when considering the cumulative impact of other site operations. These levels are below the derived noise limit set by the extant planning consent condition 22 of planning permission for the landfill site at NSRs. 6.6 The predicted noise levels are within the noise limits according to the NPPF Technical Guidance for Mineral Planning of background sound level +10dB(A) or lower than the maximum limit of 55dB L Aeq,1hr. Report No. R DRK Page 22

29 6.7 The noise prediction calculations assumes local screening from perimeter screen around the development (i.e. existing screening around composting) and all plant operating for maximum time on site to give the highest likely noise levels. 6.8 In terms of increase in noise level for this additional HGV movement onto the local road network would result in a negligible impact magnitude according to DMRB impact assessment methodology and would therefore be insignificant. 6.9 Based on the above assessment it is considered that noise should not be considered a material constraint for the proposed extension to operations at the Gowy landfill site. 6.9 In order to BAT for noise control on site, where practicable the following mitigation measures would minimise noise levels radiating from site: (a) Ensure existing earth mound screening is maintained around the composting facility area. (b) Ensure all mobile plant on site continue to be fitted with broadband type noise reverse alarms (i.e. `squawker type) as opposed to the tonal `beeper type. (c) Turn off engines and plant when not in use. (d) Regular maintenance of equipment and plant (e) Maintain route agreement for HGVs to and from site to avoid travelling through the village of Wimbolds Trafford. (f) Ensure drivers are instructed to minimise engine revving and avoid unnecessary impact noise. (g) Ensure plant is regularly maintained and fitted with efficient exhaust silencers. (h) Plant equipment should not have engine covers or hoods removed except for maintenance. (i) Haul roads regularly maintained and gradient minimised to avoid high engine revving (where practicable). Report No. R DRK Page 23

30 REFERENCES Noise Policy Statement for England (NPSE): March 2010 Department for Communities and Local Government: National Planning Policy Framework: March 2012 `Technical Guidance to the National Planning Policy Framework. ISO : 1996 `Acoustics Attenuation of Sound During Propagation Outdoors. Planning Practice Guidance Minerals `Guidance on the planning for mineral extraction in plan making and the application process (October 2014). BS 4142: 2014 ` Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound BS5228: `Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites : 2009 Planning Consent 6/08/103/CPO dated 27 th August Planning Consent 6/09/10087/CPO Report No. R DRK Page 24

31 FIGURES Report No. R /DRK

32 Figure 1: Site Location, Baseline Noise Monitoring & Nearest Sensitive Receptor Positions Report No. R /DRK

33 Figure 2: Planning Condition 22 noise monitoring location Report No. R /DRK

34 Figure 3: Proposed Landfill Activities During Extended Operations Report No. R /DRK

35 Appendix 1 BASIC ACOUSTIC TERMINOLOGY Sound is produced by mechanical vibration of a surface, which sets up rapid pressure fluctuations in the surrounding air. Sound Pressure Level is a measurement of the size of these pressure fluctuations. It is expressed in decibels (db) on a logarithmic scale. Each 3 db increase in sound pressure level represents a doubling of the sound energy. The threshold of hearing is approximately 0 db. The rate at which the pressure fluctuations occur determines the pitch or frequency of the sound. The frequency is expressed in Hertz (Hz), that is, cycles per second. The human ear is sensitive to sounds from about 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. Although sound can be of one discrete frequency - a 'pure tone' - most noises are made up of many different frequencies. The human ear is more sensitive to some frequencies than others, and modern instruments can measure sound in the same 'subjective' way. This is the basis of the A- weighted sound level db(a), normally used to assess the effect of noise on people. The db(a) weighting emphasises or reduces the importance of certain frequencies within the audible range. Noise Measurement The measurement of sound pressure level is only really meaningful where the level of noise is constant. In the typical industrial environment noise levels can vary widely and sometimes short duration high levels of noise are interspersed with periods of relative quiet. The most widely used means of 'averaging' the noise over a period of time is the Equivalent Continuous Sound Level. Normally written as L Aeq this value takes into account both the level of noise and the length of time over which it occurs. There are many meters available which are capable of measuring L Aeq by electronic integration over the measurement period. The L Aeq or A-weighted equivalent continuous noise level is a measure of the total noise energy over a stated time period and includes all the varying noise levels and reexpresses as an 'average', allowing for the length of time for which each noise level was presented. The L An parameters are defined as the noise levels which are exceeded for n% of the monitoring period, thus, for example, the L A90 parameter is the noise level exceeded for 90% of the 15 minute period, i.e minutes. The L A50 parameter is the noise level exceeded for 50% of the hourly period, i.e. 30 minutes, etc. The L max parameter is the maximum RMS A-weighted noise level occurring during the measurement period. Report No. R /DRK

36 The definition in layman s terms is given below for terminology used in the measurement and results obtained during the survey work. A-weighting: Normal hearing covers the frequency (pitch) range from about 20Hz to 20,000 Hz but sensitivity of the ear is greatest between about 500Hz and 5000Hz. The "A-weighting" is an electrical circuit built into noise meters to mimic this characteristic of the human ear. Ambient noise: The totally encompassing sound in a given situation at a given time usually composed of sound from many sources near and far. Attenuation: Noise reduction Background noise: The general quiet periods of ambient noise when the noise source under investigation is not there. Decibel (db): The unit of measurement for sound based on a logarithmic scale. 0dB is the threshold of normal hearing; 140dB is the threshold of pain. A change of 1dB is only detectable under controlled laboratory conditions. db(a) [decibel A weighted]: Decibels measured on a sound level meter incorporating a frequency weighting (A weighting) serves to distinguish sounds of different frequency (or pitch) in a similar way to how the human ear responds. Measurements in db(a) broadly agrees with an individual's assessment of loudness. A change of 3dB(A) is the minimum perceptible under normal everyday conditions, and a change of 10dB(A) corresponds roughly to doubling or halving the loudness of sound. db(c): [decibel C weighted]: Frequency weighting which does not alter low frequency octave band levels by very much compared to `A' weighting. Similar to linear reading (i.e. linear does not alter frequency spectra at all) Frequency (Hz): The number of sound waves to pass a point in one second. L Aeq : This is a noise index used to describe the "average" level of a noise that varies with time (T). It allows for the different sensitivities of the human ear to different frequencies (pitch), and averages fluctuating noise levels in a manner which correlates well with human perceptions of loudness. L A10,T : This noise index gives an indication of the upper limit or peak levels of the fluctuating noise. It is the "A weighted" noise level exceeded for 10 per cent of the specified measurement period (T). e.g. If the measurement period was over 10 hours and the L A10 reading was say 60dB, then this means that for 1 hour out of 10 the level went above 60dB. L A90,T : This noise index gives an indication of the lower limit or levels of the fluctuating noise. It is the "A weighted" noise level exceeded for 90 per cent of the specified measurement period (T). e.g. If the measurement period was over 10 hours and the L A90 reading was say 50dB, then this means that for 9 hours out of 10 the level went above 50dB. Report No. R /DRK

37 L Amax : This is the highest `A weighted noise level recorded during a noise measurement period. Residual noise: The ambient noise remaining at a given position in a given situation when the noise source under investigation is not there. Specific noise: The noise source under investigation for assessing the likelihood of complaints Examples of typical noise levels Source/Activity Indicative noise level [db(a)] Threshold of hearing 0 Rural night-time background Quiet bedroom 35 Wind farm at 350m Busy road at 5km Car at 65km/h at 100m 55 Busy general office 60 Conversation 60 Truck at 50km/h at 100m 65 City Traffic at 5m Pneumatic drill at 7m 95 Jet aircraft at 250m 105 Threshold of pain 140 Report No. R /DRK

38 Appendix 2 Baseline Sound Levels Report No. R /DRK

39 % Occurrence Noise Impact Assessment Noise Survey Results Date: Wednesday 1st June 2016 Location: Gowy Landfill Site, Ince Lane, Chester TABLE 1 Client: Project: Gowy Landfill Extension to Operations Data: Background Sound Survey: Position A (30m Ince Lane) Instrumentation: Cirrus 171A Real Time Analyser (G061253) Calibration due January 2017 Weather Conditions: Dry, variable cloud, light west to WNW winds (2-3m/s), temp degC Calibration: 94dB Start Time Run Time LAeq LA10 LA90 LAmax Observations (mins.) (db) (db) (db) (db) 11:00 15: Intermittent local road traffic,birdsong 11:15 15: Distant road traffic from M56 & M53 11:30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: Average LA90 % occurance Representative Background Sound Levels Position A - 30m Ince Lane Daytime ( hours) Background Sound Level LA90 db Report No. R /DRK

40 Noise Survey Results Date: Wednesday 1st June 2016 Location: Gowy Landfill Site, Ince Lane, Chester TABLE 2 Client: Project: Gowy Landfill Extension to Operations Data: Background Sound Survey: Position B (Wimbolds Trafford) Instrumentation: Cirrus 831A Integrating Precision SLM (B15046FF) Calibration due July 2016 Weather Conditions: Dry, variable cloud, light west to WNW winds (2-3m/s), temp degC Calibration: 94dB Start Time Run Time LAeq LA10 LA90 LAmax Observations (mins.) (db) (db) (db) (db) 07:30 15: Local and distant road traffic noise 07:45 15: Local and distant road traffic noise 08:00 15: Birdsong 08:15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: Average Report No. R /DRK

41 % Occurrence Noise Impact Assessment LA90 % occurance Representative Background Sound Levels Position B - Wimbolds Trafford Daytime ( hours) Background Sound Level LA90 db Noise Survey Results Date: Wednesday 1st June 2016 Location: Gowy Landfill Site, Ince Lane, Chester TABLE 3 Client: Project: Gowy Landfill Extension to Operations Data: Background Sound Survey: Position C (Picton Lane North) Instrumentation: Cirrus 171A Real Time Analyser (G066350) Calibration due March 2017 Weather Conditions: Dry, variable cloud, light west to WNW winds (2-3m/s), temp degC Calibration: 94dB Start Time Run Time LAeq LA10 LA90 LAmax Observations (mins.) (db) (db) (db) (db) 08:45 15: Road traffic noise from M56 & M53 09:00 15: Road traffic noise from M56 & M53 09:15 15: Road traffic noise from M56 & M53 09:30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: :45 15: :00 15: :15 15: :30 15: Average Report No. R /DRK

42 % Occurrence Noise Impact Assessment LA90 % occurance Representative Background Sound Levels Position C - Picton Lane (north) Daytime ( hours) Background Sound Level LA90 db Report No. R /DRK

43 Noise Survey Results Date: Wednesday 1st June 2016 Location: Gowy Landfill Site, Ince Lane, Chester TABLE 4 Client: Project: Gowy Landfill Extension to Operations Data: Background Sound Levels: Spot Roaming Measurements Instrumentation: Norsonic 118 Real Time Analyser (31992) Calibration due June 2016 Weather Conditions: Dry, variable cloud, light west to WNW winds (2-3m/s), temp degC Calibration: 94dB Start Time Time LAeq LA10 LA90 LAmax Observations Period (db) (db) (db) (db) 08:00 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 08:15 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 08:30 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 08:48 15: E. End of Hallsgreen Lane 09:03 15: E. End of Hallsgreen Lane 09:18 15: E. End of Hallsgreen Lane 11:23 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 11:38 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 11:53 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 12:20 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 12:35 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 12:50 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 13:18 15: G. Picton Lane (south) 13:33 15: G. Picton Lane (south) 13:48 15: G. Picton Lane (south) 14:17 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 14:32 15: D. Hallsgreen Lane 14:51 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 15:06 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 15:21 15: F. South of Hallsgreen Lane 15:49 15: G. Picton Lane (south) 16:04 15: G. Picton Lane (south) 16:19 15: G. Picton Lane (south) Average D. Hallsgreen Lane Average E. End of Hallsgreen Lane Average F. South of Hallsgreen Lane Average G. Picton Lane (south) Report No. R /DRK

44 Appendix 3 Site Operating Noise Levels Report No. R /DRK

45 Site Noise Measurements Noise Survey Results Date: Wednesday 1st June 2016 Location: Gowy Landfill Site, Ince Lane, Chester TABLE 5 Client: Project: Gowy Landfill Extension to Operations Data: Site Noise Levels Instrumentation: Norsonic 118 Real Time Analyser (31992) Calibration due June 2016 Weather Conditions: Dry, overcast, light W to WNW winds (2-3m/s), temp. 15degC Calibration: 94dB Start Time LAeq LA10 LA90 LAmax Observations Est (db) (db) (db) (db) SWL 10: m Gas Engines : m Gas Engines : HGV Pass-by at 5m : Compost Area - Volvo L70F Front Loader : Compost Area - Volvo L70F Front Loader : Compost Area - Volvo L70F Front Loader : Compost Area - Volvo L70F Front Loader : Tracked Excavator 10m : Compactor 10m : D6 Dozer 10m : Water Bowser 10m : HGV Pass-by at 7m-10m 96.0 Report No. R /DRK

46 Appendix 4 Noise Mapping Noise Model Inputs The input settings for the noise prediction models are as follows: Ground factor (G) = 0.5 (mixed ground absorption) Temperature = 10degC Maximum order of reflection = 3 Relative humidity = 70% Receptor height = Assumed to be 1.5m above ground for daytime periods. Site boundary screening assumed around composting area No on-site screening from topography assumed The noise sources within the noise model include the following: Landfill Activities Line Sources: HGV: 10 in and 10 out from site, 100% of time, 1.5m height, 96dB(A) SWL (measured on site) Compactor: Sound power level (SWL) = 110.7dB(A), operating 10 hours, 40 movements per hour, 10km/hr, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. D6 Dozer: Sound power level (SWL) = 105.5dB(A), operating 10 hours,40 movements per hour, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. Water Bowser: Sound power level (SWL) = 104.9dB(A), operating 10 hours, 1 movement per hour, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. Point Sources: Compactor static: Sound power level (SWL) = 110.7dB(A), operating 1 hour, 1.5m height point source, empirical measurement. D6 Dozer static: Sound power level (SWL) = 105.5dB(A), operating 1 hour, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. Excavator static: Sound power level (SWL) = 107.2dB(A), operating 10 hours, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. HGV static: Sound power level (SWL) = 96dB(A), operating 1 hour, 1.5m source height, empirical data Composting activities Line Sources: HGV: 1 in and 1 out from site, 10 hours, 1.5m height, 96dB(A) SWL (measured on site), 2 movements per hour, 20km/hr. Volvo L70F Front Loader Sound power level (SWL) = 103.8dB(A), operating 10 hours, 30 movements around complete site per hour, 1.5m source height, empirical measurement. Gas Engine Operations Plane source (horizontal and vertical): Enclosure height = 3m x 3m x 10m Operating 12 hours Sound Power Level = 94dB(A) measured on site Report No. R /DRK

47 Noise Map 1: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

48 Noise Map 2: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

49 Noise Map 3: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

50 Noise Map 4: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

51 Noise Map 5: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

52 Noise Map 6: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

53 Noise Map 7: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

54 Noise Map 8: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

55 Noise Map 9: Noise Contour Map of Landfill Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK

56 Noise Map 10: Noise Contour Map of Composting Operations (including mobile plant and HGVs) Report No. R /DRK