ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology

Transcription

1 April 7, ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology Lecture #1 Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D.

2 April 7, Today s Agenda 3:30-4:00 - Green sheet review and introductions 4:00-4:45 - Group Research Activity 4:45-5:15 - Group Presentation 5:15-6:15 - Lecture

3 April 7, Class Details ESCI-61, 3 units Required course for the Certificate of Achievement in Energy Management and Climate Policy and for the A.A. Degree in Environmental Compliance & Pollution Prevention 12 Meetings in KC239 April 7 June 23, 2010 Wednesdays 3:30-6:15 PM Grading is based on Three Homework Assignments Ten Group Assignments Class Journal One Final Project

4 April 7, Class Content Introduction to PV Systems Solar Radiation, Sun-Earth Relationships PV Cells, Modules, and Arrays PV System Components and Configurations PV Site Surveys Basics of Electricity for PV Systems PV System Design & Sizing Mechanical & Electrical Integrations of a PV System Field Trips Economic Analysis of a PV System, Net metering, Rebate programs

5 April 7, Expected Outcome Understand photovoltaic technology fundamentals Be able to do a site assessment for a residential PV system Be able to design and size a grid-tied PV system at residential scale

6 April 7, Expectations From Students Attend all classes! Students who miss more than 2 sessions will be automatically withdrawn. Participate in team assignments in and outside of class time Work with a team to design a photovoltaic project. Complete homework assignments on time

7 April 7, Group Research Activity Research the following and be prepared to report back to the class: What are the sources of electricity today? What are the percentages of these sources in the US and globally? What are the future projections for these sources? What are the benefits of PV in terms of carbon emissions? How many PV related jobs could be created in the future?

8 April 7, ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology Lecture #1 Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D.

9 April 7, Natural Resources Perpetual on a human time scale are continuous Renewable on a human time scale can be replenished rapidly (e.g. hours to several decades) Nonrenewable on a human time scale are in fixed supply

10 April 7, Nonrenewable Resources Exist as fixed quantity Becomes economically depleted. Recycling and reusing extends supply Recycling processes waste material into new material. Reuse is using a resource over again in the same form.

11 April 7, Sustainability ability of earth s various systems, including human cultural systems and economics, to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely

12 April 7, The 4 R s of Sustainability Refuse Reduce Reuse Recycle

13 April 7, Energy Sources Conventional Fossil Fuels Coal Natural Gas Oil Nuclear Hydroelectric Alternative Solar Biomass Biofuels Wood & Derived Fuels Waste Geothermal Wind Wave & Tidal Color Code : Non Renewable Renewable

14 April 7, CO 2 emissions per unit of energy produced(*) (*) expressed as a percentage of emissions produced by burning coal directly

15 April 7, Our Ecological Footprint Humanity s ecological footprint has exceeded earths ecological capacity.

16 April 7, Global Outlook Comparison of developed and developing countries.

17 Energy Inputs April 7, System Outputs 9% 7% 85% U.S. economy and lifestyles 41% 8% 4% 3% 43% Nonrenewable fossil fuels Nonrenewable nuclear Hydropower, geothermal, wind, solar Biomass Useful energy Petrochemicals Unavoidable energy waste Unnecessary energy waste

18 April 7, Commercial Energy Use by Source

19 April 7, Types of Energy Sources

20 April 7, Types of Energy Sources

21 April 7, Renewable Energy Consumption in the Nation s Energy Supply,

22 April 7, Net Generation Shares by Energy Source: Total (All Sectors), Year-to-Date through May,

23 April 7, US Electric Power Industry Net Generation,

24 April 7,

25 April 7, What Can We Do About It?

26 April 7, Four Scientific Principles of Sustainability: Copy Nature Reliance on Solar Energy Biodiversity Nutrient Recycling Population Control

27 Solutions Principles of Sustainability April 7, Runs on renewable solar energy. Recycles nutrients and wastes. There is little waste in nature. How Nature Works Uses biodiversity to maintain itself and adapt to new environmental conditions. Lessons for Us Rely mostly on renewable solar energy. Prevent and reduce pollution and recycle and reuse resources. Preserve biodiversity by protecting ecosystem services and habitats and preventing premature extinction of species. Controls a species population size and resource use by interactions with its environment and other species. Reduce human births and wasteful resource use to prevent environmental overload and depletion and degradation of resources.

28 April 7, General Approach Generation $$$ Efficiency $$ Curtailment $

29 April 7, General Approach Cost Saving Generation $$$ $ Conservation/Efficiency $$ $$ Curtailment $ $$$

30 April 7, My Average Electricity Usage (kwh) Per Year 4,335 4,063 2,810 2,458 Per Month Per Day

31 April 7, My Average Electricity Usage (kwh) Average kwh per Day kwh Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month