Key findingsoftetra Pak LCA studyfornordic countries focussing on the Swedish market

Transcription

1 Key findingsoftetra Pak LCA studyfornordic countries focussing on the Swedish market Study title: ComparativeLife Cycle Assessment oftetra Pak carton packages and alternative packaging systems for liquid food on the Nordic market Stefanie Markwardt& Frank Wellenreuther Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Germany

2 Who isifeu? ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Reserach founded in 1978 by a group of scientists from the University of Heidelberg. Today ifeuis an independent non-profit ecological research institute without any party political and economical influence. Financing solely project-bounded means orders 2/3 from public sector 1/3 from private enterprises. An important part of the institute is the commitment of its employees to a sustainable society. Clients... include international institutions, federal and state ministries and agencies, governments, wellknown companies, business associations, NGOs, public utilities, transport and logistics service providers.

3 Research and consulting for a sustainable society 7 Scientists working on Resource protection and waste Development ofpoliciesfora circulareconomyandassessmentofpractical recycling solutions and its ecological benefits. Energy Evaluation of technologies, development of strategies and policies for a sustainable and efficient energy system, development of climate action plans Food and Biomass Environmental assessmentand sustainabilityanalysesoffoodstuffs, animal feed, bioenergy and all aspects of renewable raw materials from different biomass sources Industry and Products Environmental impactassessment, resourceandriskanalysisofproducts, processes, technologies, sustainable urban development Mobility Analysis of energy consumption and emissions from all motorisedtransport systems, evaluation of strategies designed to reduce the environmental impact of transport.

4 Industry and Products Longstanding experience in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and GHG emission calculation development of methodologies and standards, e.g. German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) and ISO Standards for LCA In recent years LCA of packaging systems and cooperation with packaging producers worldwide special focus on beverage packaging systems including many LCA studies general environmental consultancy for Tetra Pak and ACE Neutral and independent Commissioned also by competitors like bottle or can producers Consultancy also for European Commission, ministries and agencies

5 LCA fornordic countries Main objectives Assessment ofenvironmental performance of Tetra Pak carton packaging portfolio on the Nordic market Comparisonwithplant basedplastics& alternative packaging systems Special focus on higher share of renewable material in beverage cartons and their impact on environmental profile

6 WhatisLCA Life Cycle Assessment is a compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle ISO 144 Raw materials Manufacturing Distribution End of life/recycling Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions

7 LCA framework according to ISO 144/44 Goal and scope definition Functional unit System boundaries Data requirements Inventory analysis Data gathering and selection System model Databases Interpretation Determination of significant issues Evaluations (sensitivity, completeness, consistency) Conclusions Critical review panel of LCA Nordic countries Håkan Stripple(Sweden) Birgit Grahl (Germany) INTEGRAHL Allessandra Zamagni (Italy) Impact assessment Selection of impact categories and indicators Quantification of the environmental impacts Publication of LCA

8 Goal and Scope of LCA Nordic countries System boundaries Cradle-to-grave LCA Raw materials Manufacturing Distribution End of life/recycling Wood Oil Bauxite carton; tray Polymers Aluminium Converting Filling Transport to point of sale Waste collection and sorting Recycling Incineration, landfilling Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions

9 Goal and Scope of LCA Nordic countries System allocation approach How are the impacts and benefits of recycling and recovery processes considered in the system model?

10 Goal and Scope of LCA Nordic countries System allocation approach How are the impacts and benefits of recycling and recovery processes considered in the system model? Base scenarios: Allocation factor 5% Sensitivity analysis: Allocation factor 1%

11 Goal and Scope of LCA Nordic countries Environmental categories Photo- Oxidant Formation Aquatic Eutrophication Emission related Particulate matter Terrestrial Eutrophication Climate change Acidification Freshwater use Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Use of nature Ressource related Inventory level Total Primary Energy Nonrenewable Primary Energy

12 Goal and Scope of LCA Nordic countries Selection of segments & systems Sweden Selection example segment Dairy Tetra Brik Tetra Brik Edge TwistCap Tetra Brik Edge Biobased TwistCap OSO34 OSO34 Biobased Tetra Top Bottle 1 9 ml Bottle 2 Biobased 9 ml PET Bottle 1

13 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Base scenario kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L Climate Change CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution filling transport packaging top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -2 credits energy credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Brik TB Edge TB Edge fully Tetra Top bottle 1 9 ml bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 1 net results

14 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Base scenario kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L Climate Change CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution filling transport packaging top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -2 credits energy credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Brik TB Edge TB Edge fully Tetra Top bottle 1 9 ml bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 1 net results

15 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Base scenario kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L Climate Change CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution filling transport packaging top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -2 credits energy credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Brik TB Edge TB Edge fully Tetra Top bottle 1 9 ml bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 1 net results

16 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Base scenario 3 Climate Change CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution filling transport packaging kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass credits energy -2 credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Brik TB Edge TB Edge fully Tetra Top bottle 1 9 ml bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 1 net results

17 Results Segment Dairy Sweden- Allocation factor 1% Climate Change CO2 reg (EOL) 4 recycling & disposal distribution 3 filling kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L transport packaging top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -1 credits energy -2 credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Brik TB Edge TB Edge fully Tetra Top bottle 1 9 ml bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 1 net results

18 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Key findings Lower results for beverage cartons in Climate Change Noclosure Biobased closure Fully carton No transport packaging kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L Climate Change fully Tetra Top

19 Results Segment Dairy Sweden Key findings Lower results for beverage cartons in Climate Change 12 1 Climate Change Noclosure 8 Biobased closure Fully carton No transport packaging kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L Example closure: -1 fully Tetra Top Substitution of 2.6 kg of fossil PE per 1 packaging units by the same amount bio-based PE leads to a saving of 3.4 kg CO 2 -eq. 5. kg CO 2 /1 L 1.6 kg CO 2 /1 L

20 Results Segment Dairy Sweden - Key findings,45 Acidification,4,35,35 Ozone Depletion Potential,3,3 kg SO2-equivalents / 1 L,25,2,15,1,5 -,5 -,1 g R11-equivalents / 1 L,25,2,15,1,5, -,5 g PO4-equivalents / 1 L Terrestrial Eutrophication 1 9 Aquatic Eutrophication 8 7 2,5 Total Primary Energy -1 6 g PO4-equivalents / 1 L GJ / 1 L 2, 1,5 1,,5 2,5 2, Non-renewable Primary Energy, 1,5-1 -,5 GJ / 1 L 1, -1,,5, -,5

21 Results Segment Dairy Sweden - Key findings,45 Acidification,4,35,35 Ozone Depletion Potential,3,3 kg SO2-equivalents / 1 L,25,2,15,1,5 -,5 -, g PO4-equivalents / 1 L 2 1 Aquatic Eutrophication g R11-equivalents / 1 L,25,2 6,15 5,1 Increasedbioplasticcontentbasedon,5, sugarcaneleadstohigherresultsin 2 -,5 other impact categories 1 Review availabilities -1 Total Primary Energyof other sources for bio-polymers 2,5 is recommended 2, GJ / 1 L 1,5 2,5 1, 2,,5 g PO4-equivalents / 1 L 4 3 Terrestrial Eutrophication Non-renewable Primary Energy, 1,5-1 -,5 GJ / 1 L 1, -1,,5, -,5

22 Results Segment JNSD Sweden 5 4 chilled Climate Change ambient CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution filling kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L transport packaging top, closure & label converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -1 credits energy credits material CO2 uptake -2 PET bottle 2 9 ml PET bottle 3 bottle 3 TBA Edge LightCap TBA Edge LightCap TPA square TPA square HeliCap PET bottle 4 Glass bottle 1 75 ml net results

23 Results Segment Grab & Go Sweden 7 6 Dairy chilled Climate Change JNSD ambient CO2 reg (EOL) recycling & disposal distribution 5 filling transport packaging 4 top, closure & label kg CO2-equivalents / 1 L converting aluminium foil plastics for sleeve LPB PET/ Glass -1 credits energy -2 credits material CO2 uptake -3 Tetra Top mini 33 ml Tetra Top Midi 25 ml Tetra Top Midi 33 ml Tetra Top Mini 33 ml bottle 4 35 ml bottle 5 35 ml PET bottle 5 35 ml bottle 6 35 ml TBA edge HeliCap 25 ml TBA edge HeliCap 25 ml TPA square 33 ml APET bottle 33 ml Glass bottle 2 25 ml net results

24 Overarching conclusions & recommendations Low LCA results for beverage cartons in most environmental impact categories compared toalternative systemsin thesegmentsdairy, JNSD andgrab & Go in Sweden Benefit from use of renewable materials in production processes Useofpolyethylene insteadoffossil-basedmaterial leadstolowerresultsin Climate Change Cultivation phase of PE increases environmental impacts in other impact categories With strong focus on climate change mitigation in Tetra Pak s policy, utilisation of PE can be an applicable path Review of availability of others sources for bio-polymers is recommended to examine if lower environmental impacts can be achieved

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