Sample file. Author: Tina Griep. Understanding Science Series Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1

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1 Author: Tina Griep Understanding Science Series Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Copyright 2009 New Learning Publishing All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act, no portion of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher other than is necessary for classroom use. Printed in the United States of America PRODUCT #: NLP New Learning Publishing 2

2 Lesson Plan Subject: Science Title: Ecosystems and Biomes Author: Tina Griep for New Learning Publishers Grade Level: 5 12 with modifications The contents of this unit cover National Science Standards researched and located at This unit will cover the following learning areas: Science Standards 1 Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry, Content C Populations and ecosystems; The Interdependence of organisms: A population consists of all individuals of a species that occur together at a given place and time. All populations living together and the physical factors with which they interact compose an ecosystem. Human beings live within the world's ecosystems. Increasingly, humans modify ecosystems as a result of population growth, technology, and consumption. Human destruction of habitats through direct harvesting, pollution, atmospheric changes, and other factors are threatening current global stability, and if not addressed, ecosystems will be irreversibly affected. Content F Populations, resources, and environments: Causes of environmental degradation and resource depletion vary from region to region and from country to country. English Language Arts 12 Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e.g., for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information). Objectives: The following unit was developed to lead to understanding ecosystems and biomes. Each reading section is followed by a quiz on material covered. Each quiz is developed with the section reading in mind in order to gauge student s reading comprehension. Student learning enhancement is brought to this unit through the use of a crossword puzzle, word searches, hands on experiment, research-writing projects, and technology interaction. Technology plays an important part in this unit through the use of Website links to further student comprehension. Assessments: Quizzes Writing Project Vocabulary Builder Word Search 2009 New Learning Publishing 3

3 (Please be advised that if your computer programs display misspelled or incorrectly spelled words the reason for this is the result of scientific terminology and/or the spelling of foreign names.) Subject Table of Contents Page Numbers Lesson Plan 3 Table of Contents 4 Ecosystems 5 7 Quiz #1 8 9 Ecosystem Management Writing Assignment 13 Internet Usage Log 14 Food Web 15 Energy flow 16 Trophic Levels Quiz #2 18 The Biomes of Earth 19 Climate Quiz # Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Vocabulary Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Vocabulary Builder 27 Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Vocabulary Builder Clues Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Word Search 30 Ecosystems and Biomes Part 1 Word Search Word List 31 Website and References 32 Answer Keys New Learning Publishing 4

4 Ecosystems Ecosystems can be found as large as a forest or as small as a five-gallon aquarium. An ecosystem consists of the organisms (a living thing, that is a plant, animal, virus, or bacterium) that are living in a specific area along with the parts of the environment that affect them. This term was first used by British ecologist Sir Arthur George Tansley in 1935, who stated that this term described a natural system that was on going and exchangeable between the living and nonliving parts. This concept of the ecosystem easily fit into the simple view that allowed scientists to study the relationships between organisms and their physical environments that turned into the field of ecology. At the top of the living environments is the biosphere and contained within this biosphere there are several large communities that are known as biomes. Within each biome there are several ecosystems that consist of the living (biotic) and the physical (abiotic) parts New Learning Publishing 5

5 How the Ecosystem Works: The biotic part of an ecosystem is known as feeding levels or trophic levels. There are five different trophic levels: 1. The first level is the primary producer plants. Plants are the only things that can convert sunlight into food through the process known as photosynthesis. 2. The second level is known as the primary consumers herbivores. Herbivores can consist of both animal and insect and are the ones that gain their energy through eating only plant life. 3. The third level is known as the secondary consumers carnivores. Carnivores gain their energy through eating herbivores. 4. The fourth level is known as the tertiary consumers, which are carnivores that eat other carnivores. 5. The fifth level is known as the decomposers. Decomposers are organisms like bacteria that actually consume dead or dying material back into nutrients that can be used again. These levels are also known as the food web and are the ecosystems way of circulating and recycling materials and energy. There are other cycles that take place in an ecosystem: 1. Carbon cycle through the abiotic and biotic parts of the ecosystem. 2. Nitrogen cycle through the abiotic and biotic parts of the ecosystem. 3. Water cycle movement of water from ocean/wetland to atmosphere to land and eventually back to the ocean/wetland New Learning Publishing 6

6 Ecosystems can also be distinguished by a major disturbance cycle such as storms, fires, floods, and landslides. The longleaf pine forests depend on low-intensity fires for reproduction. The cones of the longleaf pines are sealed and the fire allows them to open to begin the next growth cycle. (Photo Courtesy: BLM) (Photo Courtesy: BLM) Landslide damage to the ecosystem New Learning Publishing 7

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