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1 Name: Key Concepts Select the term that best completes the statement. A. abiotic B. light C. biotic D. organisms E. ecology F. soil G. ecosystem H. temperature I. factors J. water Date: 1. A(n) is made up of both living things and the physical environment. 2. is the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment. 3. Living things in an ecosystem are factors. 4. Nonliving things in an ecosystem are factors. 5. One reason plant life changes as you hike up a mountain is because of the decrease in. 6. Below about 100 meters in the open ocean, there is not enough for plantlike organisms to meet their needs. 7. is a complex mixture containing rock particles and organic matter. 8. In general, the more that is available in a land ecosystem, the greater the diversity of life the ecosystem has. Extended Response 9. List one biotic and one abiotic factor in a forest ecosystem. Then write a sentence that tells how each factor affects the ecosystem. Key Concepts If the statement is true, write "true" on the line. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make it true. 10. Precipitation, evaporation, and condensation are all important parts of the nitrogen cycle. 11. Plants and animals play a role in the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles. 12. The carbon gas in the air must be fixed before it is useful to plants. 13. Fossil fuels are a form of water formed and stored inside Earth. 14. A system is a series of events that occurs over and over again. 15. Animals get the nitrogen they need by eating other organisms. Unsaved Test, Version: 1 1

2 Extended Response 16. Water cycles through ecosystems. Explain why the cycling action is important to an ecosystem. Then sketch a diagram of the water cycle as it occurs in an ecosystem. In your diagram, include precipitation, condensation, runoff, transpiration, and evaporation. Key Concepts Select the phrase that best matches each description. A. made up of many overlapping food chains B. organism that captures energy and stores it as chemical energy C. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain D. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals E. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers F. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds 17. producer 18. consumer 19. decomposer 20. food chain 21. food web 22. energy pyramid Extended Response 23. A caterpillar eating a maple leaf is eaten by a bird. This bird is then eaten by a cat. Draw this food chain. Label each organism as a producer or a consumer. Describe what happens to energy as it moves through the food chain. Unsaved Test, Version: 1 2

3 Key Concepts Select the term that best completes the statement. A. biome B. marine C. coniferous D. taiga E. deciduous F. temperate G. deserts H. tropical I. estuaries J. tundra K. grasslands 24. A is made up of many similar ecosystems worldwide. 25. Evergreens are trees. 26. can form where rivers meet the ocean. 27. can be very hot or very cold, but they are always dry. 28. form a transition zone between deserts and forests. 29. trees drop their leaves before winter comes. 30. forests contain many deciduous trees. 31. The biome that receives the most rainfall is the forest. 32. Winters are even colder and longer in the than in the taiga biome. 33. biomes include coastal, open, and deep ocean regions. Extended Response 34. Describe the temperate forest biome. Discuss two abiotic factors that affect this biome. Give an example of a plant that lives in this biome. Describe a trait of this plant that suits it for life in the temperate forest. Unsaved Test, Version: 1 3

4 Answer Key 1. G. ecosystem 2. E. ecology 3. C. biotic 4. A. abiotic 5. H. temperature 6. B. light 7. G. ecosystem 8. J. water 9. 4 pointsfor a response that provides an abiotic and a biotic factor and describes how they affect the forest ecosystem Sample: Trees are an example of a biotic factor in a forest ecosystem. Temperature is an example of an abiotic factor. Trees produce oxygen and provide shade. Their roots help hold soil in place. Temperature helps determine what kind of plants and animals live in a forest. Trees like spruce grow in cold areas, but tropical trees would die in freezing temperatures. 3 points:provides an example of both a biotic and an abiotic factor and correctly describes how one of these factors affects the ecosystem 2 points:provides an example of both a biotic and an abiotic factor 1 point:provides an example of either a biotic or an abiotic factor 10. False / water 11. True 12. False / nitrogen 13. False / carbon 14. False / cycle 15. True pointsfor a response that correctly explains why cycling is important and sketches the water cycle Sample: Water is continuously moving through parts of the ecosystem, including the ground, organisms, and the air. Cycling allows the water to be constantly redistributed throughout the ecosystem. The diagram of the water cycle should be in this order: condensation, (arrow leading to precipitation), precipitation, (arrow leading to runoff), runoff, (arrow leading to evaporation transpiration), and evaporationand transpiration, (both arrows leading to condensation). The processes that appear in the atmosphere should be condensation and precipitation. Runoff occurs on the ground, evaporation occurs at the ground/air interface, and transpiration occurs at the plant/air interface. 3 points:explains why cycling is important and partially sketches the water cycle, or partially explains why cycling is important and correctly sketches the water cycle 2 points:correctly explains why cycling is important or correctly sketches the water cycle 1 point:gives partial or incorrect explanation and sketch 17. B. organism that captures energy and stores it as chemical energy 18. D. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals 19. F. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds Unsaved Test, Version: 1 4

5 20. E. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers 21. A. made up of many overlapping food chains 22. C. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain points for a response that correctly draws the food chain with arrows in the direction of flow, labels the organisms appropriately, and describes how energy moves through the food chain Sample: The food chain is as follows: maple tree > caterpillar > bird > cat. The maple tree is a producer; the caterpillar, bird, and cat are consumers. Producers convert the Sun's energy into chemical energy. When a consumer eats a producer, it gets the chemical energy stored in the plant. However, some of the energy originally stored by the plant has already been used by the plant to live. In fact, every organism uses up energy to live. Therefore, for each successive step in the food chain, less of the original energy is available for the next consumer. 3 points: correctly draws the food chain with arrows in the direction of flow, and labels the organisms appropriately or describes how energy moves through the food chain 2 points: correctly draws the food chain with arrows in the direction of flow, or labels the organisms appropriately and describes how energy moves through the food chain 1 point: partially draws the food chain with arrows in the direction of flow or labels the organisms appropriately or describes how energy moves through the food chain 24. A. biome 25. C. coniferous 26. I. estuaries 27. G. deserts 28. K. grasslands 29. E. deciduous 30. F. temperate 31. H. tropical 32. J. tundra 33. B. marine points for a response that correctly discusses the abiotic factors, identifies an appropriate plant, and describes a trait that helps it live in the temperate forest Sample: Temperature and water are two abiotic factors that are important in the temperate forest biome. In the temperate forest, winters are very cold. However, there is enough water to support the growth of trees. One organism that lives in the temperate forest is an oak tree. This deciduous tree drops its leaves in the fall. Its action helps prevent water loss in the winter. 3 points: correctly discusses two abiotic factors and identifies an appropriate plant 2 points: correctly discusses one abiotic factor and identifies an appropriate plant and its trait 1 point: correctly discusses one abiotic factor, or identifies an appropriate plant and its trait Unsaved Test, Version: 1 5

6 Standards Summary CA 6.5.e CA 6.5.b CA 6.5.c CA 6.5.a CA 6.5.d Students know the number and types of organisms an ecosystem can support depends on the resources available and on abiotic factors, such as quantities of light and water, a range of temperatures, and soil composition. Students know matter is transferred over time from one organism to others in the food web and between organisms and the physical environment. Students know populations of organisms can be categorized by the functions they serve in an ecosystem. Students know energy entering ecosystems as sunlight is transferred by producers into chemical energy through photosynthesis and then from organism to organism through food webs. Students know different kinds of organisms may play similar ecological roles in similar biomes. Unsaved Test, Version: 1 6

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