Welcome / Bienvenue. RETScreen Training Institute RETScreen 101 Introduction to Clean Energy Project Analysis
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1 Welcome / Bienvenue RETScreen Training Institute RETScreen 101 Introduction to Clean Energy Project Analysis
2 Hundreds Gather To Fight Global Warming!
3 RETScreen s Mission: Empower Cleaner Energy Decisions Worldwide
4 Saturday, Aug. 29 Agenda Location Trainers 8:30-9:00 am Coffee and checking in Hallway outside FDA 1 9:00-10:30 am Introduction to RETScreen 4 Software Demo Wind Energy Project FDA 1 Greg Leng, NRCan 10:30-11:00 am Break (snack provided) Hallway outside FDA 1 11:00-12:30 pm Assignment: Power Photovoltaic Feed-in Tariff Policy / Canada FDA 1 Greg Leng, Kevin Bourque, NRCan 12:30-1:30pm Lunch (provided) Hallway outside FDA 1 1:30-3:00 pm Overview of Energy Efficiency Project Analysis Demo Commercial Building FDA 1 Kevin Bourque, NRCan 3:00-3:30 pm Break (snack provided) Hallway outside FDA 1 3:30-5:00 pm Assignment: Lights Compact Fluorescent Light & Electrical Equipment Computer FDA 1 Kevin Bourque, Greg Leng, NRCan
5 RETScreen Status World s leading clean energy decision-making software Energy efficiency; heating & cooling; power generation; and cogeneration Fossil fuels Renewable energy 36 languages covering 2/3rds Earth s population 445,000+ users in 222 countries & territories 30,000+ new users each year 600+ universities & colleges use for training & research $8 billion in direct user savings since 1998
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7 Software Development, Dissemination & Training Core development team of 11 from Varennes research centre + 2 to 6 Co-op students/semester + Other Varennes staff 350+ experts from industry, government & academia NASA Langley Research Center York University & global network of trainers
8 RETScreen Software Suite Downloading and running RETScreen Software Suite will install two separate programs: RETScreen 4 is an Excel-based clean energy project analysis software tool that helps decision makers quickly and inexpensively determine the technical and financial viability of potential renewable energy, energy efficiency and cogeneration projects. RETScreen Plus is a Windows-based energy management software tool that allows project owners to easily verify the ongoing energy performance of their facilities. Also available on RETScreen website: REFRIG3 is an Excel-based RETScreen Energy Efficient Arena & Supermarket Project Model (Version 3 format)
9 Project Analysis Energy resource at project site (e.g. solar radiation) Equipment performance (e.g. solar absorptivity) Initial project costs (e.g. solar collectors) Base case credits (e.g. conventional cladding) Annual & periodic costs (e.g. vandalism) (Solar Air Heating Example) Photo: NRCan
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12 Financial Analysis Base case system energy cost (e.g. retail price of heating oil) Financing (e.g. debt ratio & length, interest rate) Taxes on equipment & income (or savings) Environmental characteristics of energy displaced (e.g. oil, natural gas, grid electricity) Environmental credits and/or subsidies (e.g. GHG credits, deployment incentives) Decision-maker s definition of cost-effective (e.g. payback period, ROI, NPV, energy production costs)
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14 Analysis Type (Start Sheet) Method 1 Method 2 RETScreen Energy Model - User-defined User-defined User-defined Energy Green power Other Base case Proposed case Technology Grid electricity Wind turbine Power capacity 2,000 kw Capacity factor % 30% Electricity exported to grid MWh 5,256 Incremental initial costs $/kw 2,000 O&M (savings) costs $/kwh Electricity export rate $/kwh Emission Analysis GHG emission factor T&D GHG emission Base case electricity system (Baseline) (excl. T&D) losses factor Country - region type tco2/mwh % tco2/mwh Canada All types % Electricity exported to grid MWh 5,256 T&D losses 8.0% GHG emission Base case tco2 1,167 Proposed case tco2 93 Gross annual GHG emission reduction tco2 1,074 GHG credits transaction fee % 0.0% Net annual GHG emission reduction tco2 1,074 is equivalent to 218 GHG reduction income GHG reduction credit rate $/tco Financial Analysis Financial parameters Inflation rate % 2.0% Project life yr 20 Debt ratio % 70% Debt interest rate % 7.00% Debt term yr 10 Initial costs Incremental initial costs $ 4,000, % Other $ 0.0% Total initial costs $ 4,000, % Incentives and grants $ 0.0% Annual costs and debt payments O&M (savings) costs $ 14,000,000 cost - proposed case $ 0 12,000,000 Debt payments - 10 yrs $ 398,657 Other $ 10,000,000 Total annual costs $ 451,217 8,000,000 Annual savings and income cost - base case $ 0 6,000,000 Electricity export income $ 788,400 Other $ 4,000,000 Total annual savings and income $ 788,400 2,000,000 Financial viability Pre-tax IRR - equity % 34.6% 0 Pre-tax IRR - assets % 12.3% Simple payback yr 5.4-2,000,000 Equity payback yr 3.2 Cumulative cash flows ($) Cars & light trucks not used Cumulative cash flows graph Year RETScreen Energy Model - Energy efficiency measures project s & schedules Show data type 1 type 2 type 3 type 4 type 5 type 6 type Electricity Natural gas - m³ consumption - unit MWh m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate - unit $/kwh $/m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate RETScreen Cost Analysis - Energy efficiency measures project Schedule Unit Settings Schedule 1 Schedule 2 Schedule 3 Schedule 4 Schedule 5 Schedule 6 Description Method 1 24/7 Notes/Range Second currency Method 2 Occupied OccupiedSecond currency Occupied Occupied Notes/Range Occupied None Temperature - space heating C Cost allocation Temperature - space cooling C Initial costs (credits) Unoccupied UnoccupiedUnit Unoccupied Quantity Unoccupied Unit cost UnoccupiedAmount Relative costs Temperature - unoccupied +/- C Feasibility study 3.0 Feasibility study Occupied Occupied cost Occupied Occupied Occupied $ - Occupancy rate - daily h/d h/d RETScreen h/d Emission h/d Reduction h/d Analysis - Energy h/d efficiency measures project Sub-total: $ - 0.0% Monday Development Tuesday Emission Analysis Development cost $ - Wednesday Thursday Sub-total: $ - 0.0% Method 1 Global warming potential of GHG Friday Engineering Saturday Engineering Method cost 2 $ - 21 tonnes CO2 = 1 tonne CH4 (IPCC 1996) Sunday Sub-total: Method 3 $ - 0.0% 310 tonnes CO2 = 1 tonne N2O (IPCC 1996) Occupancy rate - annual h/yr Energy efficiency 8,760 measures 6, RETScreen Financial Analysis - Energy efficiency measures project % Incremental initial 100% costs 75% 0% 0% 0% 0% $ 60, % Balance of system & miscellaneous Financial parameters Project costs and savings/income summary Yearly cash flows Base case system GHG summary (Baseline) Heating/cooling changeover temperature C 16.0Spare parts % General $ - Initial costs Year Pre-tax After-tax Cumulative Length of heating season d 242Transportation project cost escalation $ rate - % 2.0% Feasibility study 0.0% $ 0 # $ $ $ Length of cooling season d 123Training & commissioning p-d Inflation rate CO2 $ emission - CH4 emission % N2O 2.0% emission Development 0.0% $ GHG emission ,000-60,000-60,000 User-defined cost Discount mix rate $ factor - factor % 12.0% factor Engineering consumption 0.0% $ factor 0GHG 1emission 29,232 29,232-30,768 Contingencies type Project % $ % life 60,000 $ kg/gj - kg/gj yr kg/gj 40 Power system MWh 0.0% $ tco2/mwh 0 2tCO2 29,817 29, Facility characteristics Show data Interest during construction Natural gas $ 100.0% Heating system 60,000 $ - 1, % $ ,413 30,413 29,463 Sub-total: Total Finance Enter number of months 100.0% Cooling system $ - 0.0% 1, % $ ,022 31,022 60,484 Incremental cost Incremental Incentives and Include grants $ User-defined 0.0% $ ,642 31,642 92,126 Total initial costs $ 60, % Show: Heating Cooling Electricity initial costs savings O&M savings Simple payback Debt ratio measure? % Energy efficiency measures 100.0% $ 60, ,275 32, ,401 saved GJ GJ GJ $ $ $ yr Debt $ 0 Balance of system & misc. 0.0% $ ,920 32, ,321 Annual costs (credits) Proposed case Unit system GHG Quantity summary (Energy Unit cost Amount Heating system Equity efficiency measures project) $ 60,000 Total initial costs 100.0% $ 60, ,579 33, ,900 O&M Boiler Debt interest rate % 9 34,250 34, ,150 O&M (savings) costs project Debt term CO2 $ emission - CH4 emission yr N2O emission Incentives and grants $ GHG emission ,935 34, ,086 Cooling system Parts & labour project Debt mix payments $ factor - factor $/yr factor 0 consumption factor GHG 11emission 35,634 35, ,720 Air-conditioning User-defined type cost % $ kg/gj - kg/gj kg/gj Annual costs and debt paymentsmwh tco2/mwh 12 tco2 36,347 36, ,066 Building envelope Contingencies % $ - $ - O&M $ ,074 37, ,140 Natural gas 100.0% Appartment building 2, ,000 28, Sub-total: Income tax analysis $ - cost - proposed case $ 35, ,815 37, ,955 Ventilation Total 100.0% Effective income tax rate % Debt payments - 0 yrs $ ,571 38, ,527 cost - proposed case Lights Loss carryforward? T&D losses No Total annual costs $ Total 35, ,343 39, ,869 Natural gas m³ 88,546 $ $ 35,419 Electrical equipment Depreciation method Declining balance 17 40,130 40, ,999 Sub-total: $ 35,419 Hot water GHG emission reduction summary Half-year rule - year 1 yes/no Yes Periodic costs (credits) 18 40,932 40, ,931 Depreciation tax basis % $ ,751 41, ,682 Other Annual savings Unit Quantity Unit Depreciation cost rate Amount % Total 2,686 0 cost - base case 0 60,000 28, Gross annual $ 0 Net 20annual 42,586 42, ,268 Depreciation period yr 15 End of project life - cost $ ,438 43, ,706 Years of Base case Proposed case GHG emission GHG credits GHG emission Natural gas m³ 160,194 $ Tax holiday available? $ 64,078 yes/no No 22 44,306 44, ,012 occurrence GHG emission GHG emission reduction transaction fee reduction Sub-total: Tax holiday duration $ 64,078 yr Annual savings and income 23 45,193 45, ,205 Summary Show data Energy efficiency measures yr tco2 tco2 cost - base case tco2 $ % 64, tco2 46,096 46, ,301 project Annual 1 to -1income Electricity export income 134 $ ,018 47, ,320 Periodic costs (credits) Base case Proposed Unit case Year Unit cost cost savings Amount Electricity export income GHG reduction income - 0 yrs $ ,959 47, ,279 User-defined cost $ - Electricity exported to grid MWh 0 Customer premium income (rebate) $ ,918 48, ,196 consumption - cost $ - Net annual GHG emission reduction Electricity export rate 134 tco2 $/MWh is equivalent 0.00 Other to income 27.2 (cost) - yrscars & light trucks not $ used ,896 49,896 1,023,093 type unit rate End of project consumption life cost consumptioncost cost saved Electricity export savings $ income - $ 0 CE production income - yrs $ ,894 50,894 1,073,987 Natural gas m³ $ ,194.2 $ 64,078 88,546.3 $ 35,419 71,647.8 Electricity $ export escalation 28,659 rate % Total annual savings and income $ 64, ,912 51,912 1,125,899 Total $ 64,078 $ 35,419 $ 28, ,950 52,950 1,178,849 GHG reduction income 32 54,009 54,009 1,232,858 tco2/yr ,089 55,089 1,287,948 Project verification consumption - consumption - consumption consumption - Net GHG reduction tco2/yr 134 Financial viability 34 56,191 56,191 1,344,139 type unit historical Base case variance Net GHG reduction - 40 yrs tco2 5,342 Pre-tax IRR - equity % 50.7% 35 57,315 57,315 1,401,454 Natural gas m³ 160,194.2 GHG reduction credit rate $/tco2 Pre-tax IRR - assets % 50.7% 36 58,461 58,461 1,459,916 GHG reduction income $ ,631 59,631 1,519,546 Heating Cooling Electricity Total GHG reduction credit duration yr After-tax IRR - equity % 50.7% 38 60,823 60,823 1,580,370 Energy GJ GJ GJ GJ Net GHG reduction - 0 yrs tco2 0 After-tax IRR - assets % 50.7% 39 62,040 62,040 1,642,409 Energy - base case 4, ,204 GHG reduction credit escalation rate % 40 63,281 63,281 1,705,690 Energy - proposed case 2, ,324 Simple payback yr ,705,690 Energy saved 1, ,880 Customer premium income (rebate) Equity payback yr ,705,690 Energy saved - % 44.7% 44.7% Electricity premium (rebate) % ,705,690 Electricity premium income (rebate) $ 0 Net Present Value (NPV) $ 225, ,705,690 Benchmark Heating premium (rebate) % Annual life cycle savings $/yr 27, ,705,690 Energy unit kwh Heating premium income (rebate) $ ,705,690 Reference unit m² 7,500 Cooling premium (rebate) % Benefit-Cost (B-C) ratio ,705,690 User-defined m² 2,000 Cooling premium income (rebate) $ 0 Debt service coverage No debt ,705,690 Customer premium income (rebate) $ 0 Energy production cost $/MWh ,705,690 Benchmark Heating Cooling Electricity Total GHG reduction cost $/tco2 (205) ,705,690 Energy kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² Other income (cost) Energy MWh Cumulative cash flows graph Energy - base case Rate $/MWh Energy - proposed case ,800,000 Other income (cost) $ 0 Energy saved Duration yr Escalation rate % 1,600,000 Clean Energy (CE) production income CE production MWh 922 CE production credit rate $/kwh 1,400,000 CE production income $ 0 CE production credit duration yr 1,200,000 CE production credit escalation rate % Energy delivered 1,000,000 type (MWh) Clean energy 1 Natural gas 922 Yes 800,000 2 No 3 No 4 No 600,000 5 No 6 No 7 No 400,000 8 No 9 No 200,000 # No # No # No 0 # No # No -200,000 # No # No # No # No Year Cumulative cash flows ($)
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16 Software Demo: Wind Energy Project Level 1: Basic information: 99,000 kw (99 MW) $1,900/kW Capacity 26% 0% escalation rate (inflation) O&M Costs $7M/yr Scenario 1: Open Market Electricity $0.05/kWh Scenario 2: Green Policy Push $0.12/kWh feed-in tariff (FiT) or $0.05/kWh + $15/tonne GHG emissions trade Level 2 (Energy model sheet) analysis Calculate capacity factor: Long Point climate data Ontario Wind Resource Atlas Vestas V MW 78M Photo credit:
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21 Assignment: Power Photovoltaic Feed-in Tariff Policy / Canada Case Study Assignment The government of the province of Ontario, Canada aims to significantly increase private-sector investment in clean energy in the province. You are involved in the policy analysis process and are tasked with investigating three possible options for the electricity export rate paid to developers of photovoltaic (PV) power projects. For the purposes of this assignment, assume that the hurdle rate, or minimum acceptable pre-tax Internal Rate of Return (IRR) on equity, should be at least 12% in order to provide sufficient incentive to private developers to engage in the process. For each policy option, determine the IRR and compare it with the hurdle rate. Consider the level of motivation to develop projects that you might expect from private developers under each option (based strictly on the rate of return), and whether or not the chosen tariff rate will generate excessive profit (i.e., have an IRR significantly in excess of that required to stimulate private developer interest). Finally, make a recommendation as to which policy option is the most promising for further investigation and development. Site Information A site located slightly north of Toronto is chosen to be representative for the program. A 50 kw rooftop PV installation with a 14% capacity factor is assumed to be a typical system for the purpose of this analysis. Financial Information You may assume the following financial information: installed cost of $7,000/kW; project life of 20 years; 70% debt financing at 7% interest over 15 years. As a first approximation, assume the operations and maintenance costs to be zero. Policy Option 1: No incentive beyond typical market rates paid to electricity producers. Assume an electricity export rate of $0.050/kWh. Policy Option 2: Electricity export rate of $0.420/kWh. Policy Option 3: Electricity export rate of $0.713/kWh. Bonus Question: Calculate the capacity factor Photo Credit: Carmanah Solar
22 Assignment: Discussion Power Photovoltaic Feed-in Tariff Policy / Canada Scenario Results Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Pre-tax IRR on equity (%) Pre-tax IRR on assets (%) Simple payback (yr) Equity payback (yr)
23 Overview of Energy Efficiency Project Analysis with RETScreen
24 Facility Types Commercial & Institutional Buildings Both New & Existing Facilities Houses & Apartment Buildings Industrial Plants & Processes Photo: NRCan Photo: NRCan
25 Energy Efficiency Analysis End-use Optimize supply Maximize efficiency Minimize usage Steps
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27 RETScreen Energy Efficiency Model RETScreen Energy Model - Energy efficiency measures project s & schedules Show data type 1 type 2 type 3 type 4 type 5 type 6 type Electricity Natural gas - m³ consumption - unit MWh m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate - unit $/kwh $/m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate Schedule Unit Schedule 1 Schedule 2 Schedule 3 Schedule 4 Schedule 5 Schedule 6 Description 24/7 Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Temperature - space heating C Temperature - space cooling C Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Temperature - unoccupied +/- C 3.0 Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupancy rate - daily h/d h/d h/d h/d h/d h/d Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Occupancy rate - annual h/yr 8,760 6, % 100% 75% 0% 0% 0% 0% Base case vs. proposed case Steps: 1. & schedules Heating/cooling changeover temperature C 16.0 Length of heating season d 242 Length of cooling season d 123 Facility characteristics Show data Incremental cost Incremental O&M savings Show: Heating Cooling Electricity initial costs savings Simple payback saved GJ GJ GJ $ $ $ yr Heating system Boiler Cooling system Air-conditioning Building envelope Appartment building 2, ,000 28, Ventilation Lights Electrical equipment Hot water Other Total 2, ,000 28, Include measure? 2. Facility characteristics (energy + costs) 3. Summary (energy) Summary Show data Base case Proposed case cost savings consumption - cost type unit rate consumption cost consumption cost saved savings 28,659 Natural gas m³ $ 160, ,078 $ 88, ,419 $ 71,647.8 $ $ 35,419 $ 28,659 Total 64,078 $ Project verification consumption - consumption - consumption consumption - type unit historical Base case variance Natural gas m³ 160,194.2 Heating Electricity Cooling Total Energy GJ GJ GJ GJ Energy - base case 4, ,204 Energy - proposed case 2, ,324 Energy saved 1, ,880 Energy saved - % 44.7% 44.7% 4. Emission analysis 5. Financial analysis Benchmark Energy unit kwh Reference unit m² 7,500 User-defined m² 2,000 Benchmark Heating Cooling Electricity Total Energy kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² Energy - base case Energy - proposed case Energy saved
28 s & Schedules types: Natural gas Propane, Kerosene Oil, Coal, etc Biomass User defined Etc. Schedules: Heating and cooling 24/7 Occupancy dependent Set-back temperature Set-up temperature type 1 type 2 type 3 type Electricity Natural gas - m³ Biomass consumption - unit MWh m³ t rate - unit $/kwh $/m³ $/t rate
29 Facility Characteristics Heating system Cooling system Building envelope Ventilation Lights Electrical equipment Hot water Pumps Fans Motors
30 Facility Characteristics Process electricity Process heat Process steam Steam losses Heat recovery Compressed air Refrigeration Other
31 Summary Section summary Project verification Benchmark Benchmark Energy unit kwh Reference unit m² 7,500 Benchmark Heating Cooling Electricity Total Energy kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² Energy - base case Energy - proposed case Energy saved
32 Software Demo: Hot Water & Commercial Building Hot Water Apartment building 40 units Reduce flow by 35% Reduce supply temp from 60 to 55 o C Heat recovery, 20% efficiency, cost $15,000 O&M (water) savings $3,000/year switch oil to natural gas New water heater cost $40,000 See project database template: Hot water - Apartment Demo of Commercial Building Full facility: Energy efficiency measures - Commercial - Model National Energy Code for Buildings
33 Questions? RETScreen Energy Model - Energy efficiency measures project s & schedules Show data type 1 type 2 type 3 type 4 type 5 type 6 type Electricity Natural gas - m³ consumption - unit MWh m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate - unit $/kwh $/m³ #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A rate Schedule Unit Schedule 1 Schedule 2 Schedule 3 Schedule 4 Schedule 5 Schedule 6 Description 24/7 Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Temperature - space heating C Temperature - space cooling C Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Unoccupied Temperature - unoccupied +/- C 3.0 Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupied Occupancy rate - daily h/d h/d h/d h/d h/d h/d Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Occupancy rate - annual h/yr 8,760 6, % 100% 75% 0% 0% 0% 0% Heating/cooling changeover temperature C 16.0 Length of heating season d 242 Length of cooling season d 123 Facility characteristics Show data Incremental cost Incremental O&M savings Show: Heating Cooling Electricity initial costs savings Simple payback saved GJ GJ GJ $ $ $ yr Heating system Boiler Cooling system Air-conditioning Building envelope Appartment building 2, ,000 28, Ventilation Lights Electrical equipment Hot water Other Total 2, ,000 28, Include measure? Summary Show data Base case Proposed case cost savings consumption - cost type unit rate consumption cost consumption cost saved savings 28,659 Natural gas m³ $ 160, ,078 $ 88, ,419 $ 71,647.8 $ $ 35,419 $ 28,659 Total 64,078 $ Project verification consumption - consumption - consumption type unit historical Base case Natural gas m³ 160,194.2 consumption - variance Heating Cooling Electricity Total Energy GJ GJ GJ GJ Energy - base case 4, ,204 Energy - proposed case 2, ,324 Energy saved 1, ,880 Energy saved - % 44.7% 44.7% Benchmark Energy unit kwh Reference unit m² 7,500 User-defined m² 2,000 Benchmark Heating Cooling Electricity Total Energy kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² kwh/m² Energy - base case Energy - proposed case Energy saved
34 Assignment: Lights - Compact Fluorescent Light & Electrical Equipment Computer
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36 Questions?
Welcome. RETScreen s Clean Energy Policy Toolkit. Clean Energy Solutions Center Webinar 26 April 2013
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