Electricity Production Overview

Transcription

1 Electricity Production Overview

2 Simplified US Electrical Generation Nuclear Hydro Coal Natural Gas

3 Source: egrid, 2010

4 Generation by Fuel, 2010

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6 17.2 Electricity production from coal % of total by country (2012). 41% of Total Production SOURCES: World Development Indicators database, worldcoal.org

7 Electricity production from hydro % of total by country (2009) % of Total Production

8 Electricity production from nuclear % of total by country (2011). 13.5% of World Production

9 Coal-Fired Power Plants (412)

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11 Source: EIA, 2014

12 Natural Gas-Fired Power Plants (1714)

13 46.2

14 Electrical Production from Natural Gas Total Electric Power Industry (% of Total for 2014) VT: 0 NH: 22.5 MA: 59.4 CT: 43.6 RI: 94.9 NJ: 46.2 MD: 6.6 DE: 81.7 DC: US: Source: EIA, Nov 2015

15 Nuclear Power Plants (62)

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17 World Electricity Prices, Kuwait Myanmar Bhutan Uzbekistan Korea India Paraguay Sweden Iceland Vietnam Perú China Ukraine Indonesia Moldova Canada Nepal United States Thailand Bulgaria Russia Lithuania Pakistan Norway South Africa Israel Brazil Nigeria Taiwan Croatia Colombia Latvia Romania Turkey Argentina New Zealand Mexico France United Kingdom Finland Spain Palau Chile Hungary Japan Switzerland Portugal Singapore Uruguay Guyana Ireland Italy Netherlands Belgium Australia Germany Tahiti Philippines Tuvalu Papua New Guinea Denmark Marshall Islands Jamaica Tonga Turks and Caicos Islands Solomon Islands US cents/kwhr Source: IEA

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19 Million kwhrs Annual Electricity Sales by Sector 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000, , , ,000 Residential Commercial 200,000 Industrial 0 Source: EIA

20 How Do We Use Electricity? Buildings Energy Data Book

21 Uses Are Changing

22 Typical Wattages of Various Appliances Formula for Estimating Energy Consumption: (Wattage Hours Used Per Day 1000 = Daily Kilowatt-hour (kwh) consumption Examples: Ceiling fan: (150 Watts 4 hours/day 120 days/year) 1000 = 72 kwh 10 cents/kwh = $7.20/year Hair Dryer: (1500 Watts 0.25 hours/day 365 days/year) 1000 = 138 kwh 10 cents/kwh = $13.80/year Refrigerator: (725 Watts 8 hours/day 365 days/year) 1000 = 2117 kwh 10 cents/kwh = $211.70/year Computer (50 Watts 12 hours/day 365 days/year) 1000 = 219 kwh 10 cents/kwh = $21.90/year Aquarium = Watts Clock radio = 10 Coffee maker = Clothes washer = Clothes dryer = Dishwasher = (using the drying feature greatly increases energy consumption) Dehumidifier = 785 Electric blanket- Single/Double = 60 / 100 Fans Ceiling = Window = Furnace = 750 Whole house = Hair dryer = Heater (portable) = Clothes iron = Microwave oven = Personal computer CPU - awake / asleep = 120 / 30 or less Monitor - awake / asleep = 150 / 30 or less Laptop = 50 Radio (stereo) = Refrigerator (frost-free, 16 cubic feet) = 725 Televisions (color) 19" = " = " = "-61" Projection = 170 Flat screen = 120 Toaster = Toaster oven = 1225 VCR/DVD = / Vacuum cleaner = Water heater (40 gallon) = Source: US Dept of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

23 US Electricity Generation Projections

24 MWhr xe6 US Renewable Generation Total Electric Power Industry 1,400 1,200 1, Geothermal Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Conventional Other Gases Other Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Other Biomass Wind Wood and Wood Derived Fuels Source: EIA, 2015

25 Generating Capacity, GW Renewable Electricity Generation by Source Conventional Hydropower Geothermal Municipal Waste Wood and Other Biomass Solar Thermal Solar Photovoltaic Wind Offshore Wind 0 Source: EIA, 2013

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27 World Divided Into 7 Regions, Each with a Population of 1 Billion

28 Map of Time Zones in Antarctica

29 Per Capita GDP, 2013

30 GDP vs Electricity Consumption, Source: World Resources Institute

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32 North and South Korea at Night Per capita GDP (2014) North Korea: $1,800 est. South Korea: $35,277

33 Human Development Index (HDI): Life expectancy at birth Education, adult literacy rate and gross enrollment ratio Standard of living, gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity.

34 Human Development Index Human Development Index vs Electricity Consumption 4,000 kwh per person per year is the dividing line between developed and developing countries. Annual Per Capita Electricity Consumption (kwh) Source: Human Development Index 2010 data United Nations; Annual Per Capita Electricity Consumption (kwh) data World Bank Updated: 4/11

35 Access to Electricity, 2010 Malawi Mozambique Madagascar Haiti Togo Cambodia Zimbabwe Yemen, Rep. Botswana Myanmar Cote d'ivoire Lao PDR Indonesia Nepal Guatemala Peru Panama Ecuador Cuba Colombia Iraq Brazil Trinidad and Tobago Algeria Jordan Venezuela, RB Israel Libya United Arab Emirates Canada Access to Electricity, % of Population World: 80.5%

36 Access to Electricity Source: World Resources Institute

37 Electrical Outages (days/year)

38 Billion kwhr World Electricity Forecast 30,000 OECD non-oecd 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5, U.S. Energy Information Administration International Energy Outlook 2014

39 World Electricity Consumption, 2009 Norway Canada Luxembourg Sweden United Arab Emirates New Zealand Switzerland Austria Japan Saudi Arabia Germany Denmark Czech Republic Ireland Estonia Oman Trinidad and Tobago Italy Portugal South Africa Malta Serbia Hungary Malaysia Macedonia, FYR Chile Venezuela, RB Latvia Uruguay Turkmenistan Romania Brazil Thailand Mexico Costa Rica Panama Georgia Syrian Arab Republic Mongolia Dominican Republic Tunisia Ecuador Paraguay Zimbabwe Algeria Vietnam Korea, Dem. Rep. Zambia Indonesia Guatemala Mozambique Sri Lanka Ghana Yemen, Rep. Angola Kenya Cambodia Sudan Myanmar Nepal Tanzania Ethiopia 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 Electricity Consumption, KWh per capita

40 GWhr World Electricity Production, ,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 China United States European Union India Russia Japan Canada Germany Brazil France South Korea United Kingdom

41 GWhr Per Capita Electricity Consumption, Iceland Norway Canada United States Finland Kuwait Australia Sweden Qatar Denmark Germany Hong Kong

42 Electricity Imports

43 Electricity Exports

44 World Electricity Production ,101 GWhr M GWhr Coal & Peat Oil Natural Gas Nuclear Hydro Other Source: IEA

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47 2035 Projections IEA World Energy Outlook

48 World s Largest Power Plants #1 Three Gorges 22,500 MW Yangtze River China #2 Itaipu 14,000 MW Paraná River Brazil/Paraguay #3 Xiluodu 13,860 MW Jinsha River (Upper Yangtze) China

49 World s Largest Power Plants NUCLEAR: Kashiwazaki-Kariwa 7,965 MW Japan COAL Taichung 5,500 MW Taiwan NATURAL GAS: Surgut-2 5,600 MW Russia

50 World s Largest Renewable Power Plants WIND: Gansu 5160 MW 20,000 MW Planned China SOLAR: Photo Voltaic Solar Star 579 MW Rosamond, CA GEOTHERMAL: The Geysers 750 MW (22 separate plants) Northern CA OFFSHORE WIND London Array 630 MW Kent, England

51 World s Largest Renewable Power Plants TIDE: Sihwa Lake South Korea 254 MW BIOFUEL: Tilbury B Essex, England 750 MW Wood Pellets WAVE: Aguçadoura Portugal 2.25 MW

52 Energy Poverty