SFC Säulen für analytische und preparative Anwendungen

Transcription

1 SFC Säulen für analytische und preparative Anwendungen Technology Symposium Vienna, 25 th October 2016 DI Verena Schmid 2016 Waters Corporation 1

2 CHIRAL SEPARATIONS ACQUITY UPC 2 Trefoil 2016 Waters Corporation 2

3 ACHIRAL SEPARATIONS Viridis Columns 2016 Waters Corporation 4

4 New Torus 5 µm Analytical and OBD Preparative Achiral SFC Columns October Waters Corporation 5

5 Torus Columns A new particle technology designed specifically for SFC Novel, two-stage bonding process yielding high density ligands The second stage imparts the unique selectivity for each phase new interactions with analytes O O Si O O OH H N N Torus 2-PIC High Density Bonding O O Si O O OH N Torus DEA 1.7 & 5 µm BEH Particles O O Si O O OH OH Torus DIOL O O Si O O OH H N Torus 1-AA US 6,686,035 US 7,223,473 Others patent pending 2016 Waters Corporation 6

6 Torus Columns Highlights Scale-up from 1.7 µm analytical to 5 µm preparative scale 4 innovative chemistries for SFC Applications o 1.7 µm and 5 µm particles Excellent peak shape Added selectivity wide range of compounds Improved Robustness 2016 Waters Corporation 7

7 AU AU AU Scale from Torus Analytical to Achiral Preparative SFC Columns Torus 2-PIC 1.7 µm to 5 µm Scale-up Minutes Analytical SFC Column: Torus 2-PIC 1.7 µm 3.0 x 50 mm Analytical SFC Column: Torus 2-PIC 5 µm 3.0 x 50 mm Analytical SFC Conditions System: ACQUITY UPC 2 with PDA Columns: Torus 2-PIC 1.7 µm 3.0 x 50 mm Torus 2-PIC 5 µm 3.0 x 50 mm Co-Solvent: 20mM Ammonium Hydroxide in Methanol Flow Rate: 1.2 ml/min Gradient: 5 to 50% B in 2.85 min, hold at 50% Column Temp: 30 C Detection: 220 nm ABPR Setting: 1625 (1.7 µm) 2250 (5 µm) Injection Volume: 2.0 µl Minutes Goldenseal_Extract-01_ _19x150mm-1w014a-05_MeOH AmOH_02_2PIC_800µL 1.2e-2 1.0e-2 8.0e-3 6.0e-3 4.0e-3 2.0e : Diode Array 220 Range: 6.672e-1-2.0e Preparative SFC Column: Torus 2-PIC 5 µm 19 x 150 mm Time Preparative SFC Conditions System: SFC Prep 100q with PDA Column: Torus 2-PIC 5 µm 19 x 150 mm Co-Solvent: 20mM Ammonium Hydroxide in Methanol Flow Rate: 100 ml/min Gradient: 5 to 50% B in 5.14 min Column Temp: 30 C ABPR Setting: 120 bar (1740 psi) Detection: 220nm Injection Volume: 1.0 ml Goldenseal Extract: 1. Canadine 2. Hydrastine 3. Isocorypalmine 4. Methyl Hydrastine 5. Berberine 2016 Waters Corporation 8

8 Factors that control effective scale-up in SFC 2016 Waters Corporation 9

9 Outline Introduction Importance of scale-up Different approaches A rule-based approach for SFC Why LC approach may not always work in SFC Solution an additional step in LC rule Conclusion 2016 Waters Corporation 10

10 Scaling up 2016 Waters Corporation 11

11 L/d p rule for HPLC systems Designing prep column dimensions and particle size Stationary phase Select the same chemistry Column specs Choose either L or d p Calculate the other from (L/d p ) anal = (L/d p ) prep Linear velocity (u) Calculate u from (u x d p ) anal = (u x d p ) prep Flow rate Calculate Q from, Q=u x A L = column length, d p = particle size, u = linear velocity, A = column void cross-section 2016 Waters Corporation 12

12 AU AU AU Works for LC Method Transfer XBridge C18 5 µm, 4.6 x 150 mm 1485 psi XBridge C µm, 3.0 x 75 mm ACQUITY BEH C µm, 2.1 x 50 mm 5555 psi psi Minutes Courtesy of Jon Turner April Waters Corporation 13

13 Outline Introduction Importance of scale-up Different approaches A rule-based approach for SFC Why LC approach may not always work in SFC Solution an additional step in LC rule Conclusion 2016 Waters Corporation 14

14 Outline Introduction Importance of scale-up Different approaches A rule-based approach for SFC Why LC approach may not always work in SFC Solution an additional step in LC rule Conclusion 2016 Waters Corporation 15

15 Effect of Pressure Difference on LC scale-up LC scale-up minimum effect from pressure changes u Anal > u Prep DP Analytical DP Prep Column length Column length Nearly incompressible fluid Matching density profile Analytical Dr Dr Prep Column length Column length 2016 Waters Corporation 16

16 Effect of Pressure Difference on SFC scale-up SFC scale-up effect from pressure changes u Anal > u Prep DP Analytical DP Prep Column length Column length Compressible fluid Different density profiles Dr Analytical Dr Prep Column length Column length 2016 Waters Corporation 17

17 AU AU Effect of Density Changes , Different density = different thermodynamic interactions = different retentions Minutes address the density 6 5 Lower Density Mobile Phase What it means? To apply LC scaling rules, Higher Density Mobile Phase µm difference 1.7 µm x 150 mm 5µm BEH 2-EP, 1.4 ml/min ABPR = bar Temp: 40 C 2.1 x 150 mm 1.7µm BEH 2-EP, 1.4 ml/min ABPR = bar Temp: 40 C Caffeine, Carbamazepine, Uracil, Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, and Sulfanilamide C. Hudalla et. al. Waters Application Note en 2016 Waters Corporation 18

18 Addressing Density Difference Ideal situation matching density profiles Analytical column Prep column Dr Dr Column length Column length Simpler approach - matching average density Dr Analytical column Dr Prep column Average density Average density Column length Column length 2016 Waters Corporation 19

19 Addressing Density Difference SFC System Scheme Any changes upstream of ABPR can change chromatography! CO 2 Injector Column Detector Set: ABPR B ABPR = Automatic Back Pressure Regulator 2016 Waters Corporation 20

20 How to manipulate Ave P? Assuming linear pressure drop Calculate average pressure Analytical column Prep column System P ABPR P System P ABPR P Ave P DP DP Ave P Column length Column length Manipulating ABPR pressure, match average pressure DP Analytical column DP Prep column Increased ABPR pressure Column length Column length 2016 Waters Corporation 21

21 Simplified - manipulate Ave P! P System P Average P System 2 P ABPR P ABPR Assume linear pressure drop across the entire range Sensor = pump outlet Sensor = regulator inlet Take simple average pressure across the system Implementable Back pressure regulator 2016 Waters Corporation 22

22 Scale-up Steps for SFC Stationary phase Select the same chemistry Column specs Choose either L or d p Calculate the other from (L/d p ) anal = (L/d p ) prep Linear velocity (u) Calculate u from (u x d p ) anal = (u x d p ) prep Calculate Q from, Q=u x A Flow rate Average Density Adjust ABPR to ensure same average pressure L = column length, d p = particle size, u = linear velocity, A = column void cross-section 2016 Waters Corporation 23

23 Step by Step Waters Corporation 24

24 Effect of Lower Density 2016 Waters Corporation 25

25 Effect of Lower Density 2016 Waters Corporation 26

26 Density Profiles 2016 Waters Corporation 27

27 Use of Average Density 2016 Waters Corporation 28

28 Use of Average Density ABPR = Automatic Back Pressure Regulator 2016 Waters Corporation 29

29 Impact of Flow Rate 2016 Waters Corporation 30

30 Impact of Flow Rate 2016 Waters Corporation 31

31 Regarding Particle Size & Prep Practice 2016 Waters Corporation 32

32 Regarding Particle Size & Prep Practice 2016 Waters Corporation 33

33 Professional Scale Up 2016 Waters Corporation 34

34 Conclusion A simplified method-transfer rule in SFC is developed Average pressures in SFC and UPSFC systems should be the same Applicable over a wide range of standard conditions used in SFC/UPSFC operations 2016 Waters Corporation 35

35 Links and Literature upc2.waters.com All Application Notes: &locale=en_US YouTube Channel: UPC2 Strategy for Scaling from Analytical to Preparative SFC Separations (LiteraturNr EN) 2016 Waters Corporation 36

36 Acknowledgements Waters Corporation Abhijit Tarafder Jason Hill Tom Swann Steve Collier 2016 Waters Corporation 37

37 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTANTION! QUESTIONS?! 2016 Waters Corporation 38