Combination of wind solar plants and district heating power plants

Transcription

1 Combination of wind solar plants and district heating power plants Dipl.-Ing. Uwe Zischkale University of applied sciences Magdeburg Stendal January

2 University of applied sciences Magdeburg Education and Research focused on applied and business orientated tasks and projects More than 50 Bachelor and Master courses Seven Departments Civil Engineering Engineering and Industrial Design Communication and Media Social and Health Sciences Water and Waste Management Applied Human Sciences Economics Students in winter term 2011/2012 Total of 6,504 students thereof 306 international students 2

3 Research area in collaboration with regional companies implementation of Energiewende Main instrument of the Energiewende is still the renewable energy act (EEG) The act privileges installation of renewable power plants and assures the gratification The act organizes the diversification of the production cost to all customers of the total public grid But The necessary investments in the public grid and further infrastructures are organized and financed by the local economic Example Graphic analysis energy consumption of urban areas The Hochschule Magdeburg supports regional companies and local gouvernement to develop a sustained economic growth - Increasing energy efficiencies - Implementation of combined power and heat systems - useful implementation of renewable energies and integration - diversification of technology systems - Implementation of different storage systems - etc. 3

4 Development local energy route to an sustainable energy consumption 1 step: analysis To border energy recovering areas depending on different chosen parameters Estimate the local potential of different renewable energies Authority: Mohr/Zischkale 2 Step: evaluation Different technology solutions are compared along an objective framework Measurement of environmental and economic effects Development of solutions Authority: Mohr/Zischkale 3. Step: Masterplan To develop a strategic masterplan facing the central targets To design list of precedence projects can be at least connected to a general modular integrated solution Moderating the different interests of different economic groups 4. Step: realization of projects To keep the system innovative and economic efficient The overall target is to keep the costs low and to increase the local financial benefit! 4

5 Electricity exporter Saxony-Anhalt Almost every third kilowatt hour in Saxony-Anhalt comes from renewable energy sources. The largest part of this is wind energy, with over 70%. More than 10 % of all German wind mills are located in Saxony-Anhalt about 2400 wind power plants about 3800 MW capacity about 5000 MWh annual electricity power Including biomass power plants and photovoltaic power plants more than 40 % of the produced energy comes from renewable energy resources in Saxony-Anhalt. Large capacities of wind power plants in the North and East of Germany Authority BMBRS 5

6 Increasing transportation costs for electricity in Saxony-Anhalt Economical and technical effects -> because of the legal feed-in priority for renewable energy into public grid Increasing grid expansion costs of investment paid by local customers of the grid (grid access costs - no nodal pricing system in Germany) Still missing capacities to store electricity power (different situation in California) More use of electricity in areas with high electricity production necessary Economically back up power plants necessary Existing capacity of hydropower plant storage 6

7 Principle classification focusing on grid level and size high voltage power grid regional distribution grid Local low voltage distribution Economical available systems have to be integrated into a total system cost-effectively! hydro - pumpaccumulator CAS Central systems Between 25% and 60% of the public electric grid needs mainly capacities to accumulate electric power in order to reduce local step changes in load and an exorbitant expansion of the public electric grid. phase change systems /solarpower district heat - systems and combined power plants PV-generator and battery accumulator heatpumps * local systems Including thermal storage systems for heating 7

8 Old technology but proven district heating system Facing the fact, not to be able to by Gas and oil on the international market, the heating technology preferred in new urban areas has been district heat systems supplied by central lignite stations. Authority BHWK German Construction of modern flats during the GDR time in the 1960ties. Where this structure is almost extant it can be used as basis for a remodeled energy supply. Energy distribution management together with a controlling system create the new energy supply system effective and cost-efficient. 8

9 Example: gas steam combined power plant and the use of an existing heatdistrict system Health resort with mineral springs in Bad Elster. About 4000 inhabitants and up to 2000 guests In hotels, bed and breakfast places and health and wellness clinics. It has been already used by the Kingdom of Saxony. Authority Gert Grer In order to avoid pollution of smoke already in 1890 a district heating system for the whole valley was built. In 1995 we start to consult the former heat and power company in order to increase the profitability. Updating the existing steam storage system and heatdistrict system Installation of a modern process and measurement and control technology. Challenge - increasing the amount of coverage! Stone railway bridge of the Voigtland 9

10 Chimney Chimney Example gas steam combined power plant for Bad Elster Process indicated diagram of gas steam combined power plant Bad Elster including a storage system of steam. cold exhaust gas Electric load demand on timeline is different to the demand of heat (during small heat demand) District-heat plant Bad Elster Energy supply: Public gas distribution system. Capacity to accumulate gas with demand of several month (strategic energy reserve) gas turbine peak load evaporator and superh. exhaust evaporator and superheater back pressure steam turbine pressure reducer steam accumulator to uncouple heat & electric load Heat converter steam/ warmwater pressure reducer Demand of district heat: Different customers - Public pool - Wellness, spa clinics - hotels, - Homes etc. 10

11 Example gas steam combined power plant for Bad Elster 5 MW gas turbine and 1,25 MW steam turbine run on electricity load. The lost heat of the whole day turbine runtime can be handed over by accumulation.. To produce electricity power on demand and to hand over the heat on demand using the accumulator capacities increases the efficiency of the district heating and supports the local electricity grid as base load power plant. (voltage stability) Authority Erdgas Südsachsen GmbH tanks to store steam with high pressure and temperature Result: Increasing amount of coverage from 2% up to 15% of the combined heat power plant and reducing costs to operate the local electricity grid. 11

12 Further example: Solution for a residential area Combined heat for housing blocks of a housing society with local district heating: total size of the flats: 7351 m² heat demand: 730 MWh/a average. 100 KWh /a combined heating for housing blocks 155 m² solar thermal on the roof south 434 KW total power of air heat pumps 360 KW gas condensing boiler approx. 68 MWh/a produced by solar thermal (approx. 440 KWh/m²) approx. 335 MWh produced by air heat pumps approx. 335 MWh produced by condensing boiler Result: Reducing the costs of up to 50% compared to the former gas boiler system! Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions > 25%. 12

13 Energy-efficient retrofitting of an old housing block into the German standard of low energy houses 3 blocks - each 8 flats 40 years old heating system authority: B & O View of the block with PV - installation Three shallow ground heat pumps with 33 KW and 9 wells - each 110 m deep 192 m² solar thermal collector Great thermal storage system for heat from heat pumps and solar thermal collector 32 m² photovoltaic system on the wall at south Floor heating and regulation to prefer solar heating Thick isolation of the whole building Result: Heat demand < 45 KWh/m² primary energy less < 25 KWh/m² Costs for heating < 30 US/cents/m² 25% cost reduction versus general German flats 13

14 Local system of accumulator for electricity from photovoltaic-systems Incentive for the house owner to install the system increasing costs of electricity power reducing costs for installation PV - Systems Using battery accumulator increases self demand of electricity power and the income return of the PV system. Electricity power of the sun is cheaper for residential houses than electricity power from the public grid. Issue for R & D: Development of control systems for energy management considering capacity and load management of the battery. 14

15 Local system of accumulator for electricity from photovoltaic-systems Research-Project EMS energy management system: Optimizing consumption of electricity Load and discharge management of the battery to increase cycle number Minimizing total costs (investment and runtime) comb. PV and battery system Peak shaving of electric power during high solar radiation -> supporting system stabilization of the public grid Result: Development of an algorithm for the local control management. EMS Authority SMA Opt. 1 Opt. 3 Stephan Arnold / Jan Muggele / Zischkale Opt. 2 15

16 Conclusion 1. The system has to be unitized and be able to include still unknown technologies and market models by defined interfaces. 2. The target has to be a benefit for private and public activities. 3. The local resources should be used. 4. Create sustainable solutions. Each solution is unique. 5. The strategic line has to be transparent to all participations. The solutions have to be economical and profitable business - they also develop assets for further projects. 16

17 University of applied sciences Magdeburg The university of applied sciences Magdeburg is an established competent partner for public authorities and regional companies for projects in terms of: secure energy supply decrease CO 2 reduction transfer know how of economical and sustainable energy supply install innovative solutions increase local benefits open new market fields integrate new and old systems to decrease costs of running and installation 17

18 Contact Dipl. Ing. Uwe Zischkale TEL MOBILE