DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT- 2017

Transcription

1 DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT CITY OF ITHACA WATER SYSTEM LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF WATER SOURCE City of Ithaca Water System (City or CIWS) Six Mile Creek is the source of water for the City of Ithaca. Water is drawn from the 60 foot upstream reservoir that is fed by the creek. The water flows to the water plant by gravity. The forested watershed is 46.4 square miles in size. The system serves most of the residents of the City of Ithaca and supplies Town of Ithaca customers along Taughannock Boulevard. The water treatment plant is located at 202 Water St. in Ithaca. Governance over the utility falls to both the Board of Public Works and Common Council. The Board of Public Works Committee of the Whole meets on the first and third Wednesdays of the month. An additional voting meeting is held the second Wednesday of the month. These meetings begin at 4:30 pm. Common Council meets the first Wednesday of the month at 7 pm. All meetings are held in Council Chambers on the third floor of City Hall, 108 East Green St. Check the City s website or with the Clerk s office for the agenda for these meetings. Contacts for additional information or to arrange a tour: Chuck Baker, Chief Operator, , ext. 4602, cbaker@cityofithaca.org Brendan Kearns, Senior Operator, , ext Roxanna Johnston, Watershed Coordinator, , ext. 4619, rjohnston@cityofithaca.org Recap From Last Year The City received water from the other two large surface water purveyors for water needs during the water plant rebuild project. The Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission (SCLIWC or Bolton Point) supplied water to the Mitchell St. System and the Gravity System from January 28 th through October 7 th. Cornell University supplied the East Ithaca System from January 20 th through March 24 th. Service was not continual for both systems. Bolton Point s water comes from Cayuga Lake. Cornell s water comes from Fall Creek. In 2016 the region experienced drought conditions. The drought period was concurrent with some of the City s needs for additional water. City residents were asked to reduce their water usage. This is an overview of last year s water quality including details about where your water comes from, what it contains, and how it compares to State standards. If you have questions about this report or your drinking water, please see the contacts or you may attend any of the regularly scheduled public meetings. *This document has been amended to include Table 5 on pg 9. TABLE OF CONTENTS A. Water Treatment Processes B. Health Effects and Individuals at Risk C. Water Quality Data, Definitions, and Special Items of Note D. General Water Information (Tables 1 & 2) E. Major Modifications F. Future Projects and Capital Improvements G. Detected Contaminants (Table 3) H. Non-Detected Contaminants, including UCMR (Table 4 & 5) I. Security Concerns J. Source Water Protection K. Water Conservation Measures L. Map of Water System Zones

2 C I T Y O F I T H A C A W A T E R S Y S T E M A. WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES PRE-TREATMENT: A coagulating agent is added to the water to remove impurities. Oxidants are added to destroy micro-organisms and reduce disinfection byproducts. MIING: The water is rapidly mixed to distribute the treatment chemicals evenly. COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION: The water flows into large basins where the coagulants react with impurities in the water (coagulation) causing them the form larger, heavier particles called floc (flocculation). SEDIMENTATION: Flocculated water flows into basins where the floc particles settle to the bottom, thereby removing impurities and chemicals from the water. FILTRATION: During 2016, as part of the new plant rebuild, the City switched from dual media (anthracite/sand) filters to membrane (microfiltration) filtration. This low pressure membrane system takes the settled water and pushes it through 0.1 micron pores to remove remaining particulate impurities. POST-TREATMENT: Chlorine is added to inhibit bacterial growth in the distribution system. The City adds a corrosion inhibitor to the water as well. B. HEALTH EFFECTS AND INDIVIDUALS AT-RISK All All drinking water water, All drinking including water bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate the water poses a health risk. Some people may be more vulnerable to disease causing microorganisms or pathogens in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as those with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, those who have undergone organ transplants, those with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice from their health care provider about their drinking water. Environmental Protection Agency/Center for Disease Control (EPA/CDC) guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by cryptosporidium, giardia and other microbial pathogens are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline ( ). No trace of either of these pathogens has been detected in previous testing of the treated water for the City of Ithaca (nor the other two local water purveyors). Since the City switched to membrane filtration, it is exempt from current testing requirements because these pathogens are larger than the membrane pore size. In the future the City could be asked to resample, per the State and EPA. Individuals who think they may have one of these illnesses should contact their health care provider immediately. For additional information please contact the Tompkins County Health Department, 55 Brown Road, Ithaca, NY or by phone at C. WATER QUALIITY DATA INTRODUCTION: The sources of drinking water (tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and groundwater. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material. It also can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activities. Contaminants that may be present in water include microbial, inorganics, pesticides and herbicides, organic chemicals and radioactive contaminants. To ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the State and EPA prescribe regulations that limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. State Health Department and Federal Drug Administration regulations also establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health. In accordance with State regulations, the City system routinely monitors your drinking water for numerous contaminants. Table 3 shows the analytical test results for contaminants that were detected. These results are compared to the applicable state guideline or maximum contaminant level (MCL). Table 4 shows the contaminants that were not detected in your water. The State allows testing less frequently than once per year for some contaminants since the concentrations of these contaminants do not change frequently. Therefore some data, though representative, are more than one year old. 2 P a g e

3 LEAD AND COPPER: The City tested the system (under reduced monitoring) in 2015 as part of the scheduled protocol and no violations were found. The Tompkins County Department of Health has determined that the modifications to the treatment process require the City to restart sampling for the Lead & Copper Rule as if it were a new system. That protocol doubles the number of samples required but allows for a 6 month sampling window. Notice of the new sampling requirement was received in July of 2016, additionally, the Health Dept. requested that the first round of sampling be completed in 3 months. Every effort was made to meet this request. In the first part of October the last sample was collected. No violations occurred for this sampling period. The City is required to do another 60 samples during Jan. June of 2017 and then again for July December of SODIUM: People who are on severely restricted sodium diets should not drink water containing more than 20 mg/l of sodium. The City s average level of sodium for 2016 was 27 mg/l and for the last few years has been consistently above 20 mg/l. Customers on severely restricted sodium diets might wish to consult with their health care providers. People who are on moderately restricted sodium diets should not drink water containing more than 270 mg/l of sodium. MANGANESE: EPA does not regulate manganese, rather it is considered a nuisance chemical that may create aesthetic, cosmetic or technical problems. EPA developed a secondary guidance standard of 0.05 mg/l to minimize those problems. The World Health Organization uses 0.04 mg/l as the upper limit for drinking water. Most manganese is ingested in food, particularly vegetables. The EPA and WHO standards reflect this balancing of food and water manganese intake. New York State s Department of Health does have a health limit of 0.3 mg/l. The infant population is of greatest concern as they process manganese differently. The water system experienced levels of manganese that have not been seen in the past 100 years. Part of this was due to the record drought conditions. Changing reservoir conditions increased the likelihood of manganese releasing from the sediment. That problem was magnified by the construction project. A pre-treatment process that could have reduced manganese concentrations was offline. The importance of this pre-treatment process was not immediately recognized as the process had been historically used to reduce iron. As a result of these manganese levels, parts of the City water system had water quality issues. The events effected the entry point from June 28 th thru Aug. 6 th. These issues at the entry point to the distribution system and out in the system resulted in MCL violations of State regulatory limits for July. The violations were for manganese, color, and turbidity. The daily average for turbidity for the month of July (entry point) was 2.7 NTU and the allowable limit is 1.0 NTU. The manganese MCL is 0.3 mg/l and we had results of 0.59 and 0.98 mg/l during July. The color was >5 units (MCL) until after August 2 nd. The highest levels were 35 and 45 units for the distribution system and entry point respectably. The sampling on August 23 rd had all sites <5 units. To address the Mn issue, the City installed the pre-treatment processes at the reservoir and adjusted the corrosion inhibitor feed rates. The City was required to expand monitoring by the Tompkins County Health Department (TCHD) during this time and for a few months afterwards. A continued compliance agreement with the TCHD was put in place and agreed to. The City received a fine as part of this for not fully meeting the reporting/monitoring requests. The violations were considered to be Tier II for the Mn and turbidity. Color is a Tier III public notice violation. The data on this report should meet the compliance for the Tier III notice. See Violation Information on pg 7. COMMON WATER QUALITY DEFINITIONS: ALKALINTY: Is a measure of the capability of water to neutralize acids. Bicarbonates, carbonates and hydroxides are the most common forms of alkalinity. HARDNESS: Is a measure of the calcium and magnesium content of natural waters. The harder the water, the greater the tendency to precipitate soap and to form mineral deposits. Alkalinity and hardness occur naturally due to the contact of water with minerals in the earth s crust. ph: Indicates how acidic or alkaline a water sample is. A value of 7 is neutral; 0-6 is acidic; and 8-14 is alkaline. TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON (TOC): Is a measure of the organic content of water. A high concentration of TOC in water may lead to high levels of disinfection byproducts. TURBIDITY: Is a measure of the cloudiness of water. It is an indication of the effectiveness of water treatment. NYS regulations require that treated water always be below 1.0 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit). For filtered water systems, 95% of the composite effluent samples (from the filtration process) must be less than 0.3 NTU. TOTAL COLIFORMS: Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present in the environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially harmful, bacteria may be present. 3 P a g e

4 D. GENERAL WATER INFORMATION Table 1 :General Water Data Table 2: General Water Quality Data PWS ID # Water System: CIWS Water Source: SI MILE CREEK ANALYTE UNITS CIWS ANNUAL AVERAGE Approx. Pop. Served 30,000 Number of Service Connections 5500 Total Production in 2016 (MG) 1020 Average daily delivered or production (MGD) 2.37 Average daily consumption (MGD) 1.52 Average Daily Lost (MGD) annual charge for water/1000 gal. $8.03 Avg. Daily lost = production minus consumption MG = Million Gallons MGD = Million Gallons Per Day ph (EP) SU 7.7 Turbidity (EP) NTU 0.47 Total Hardness mg/l 134 Total Alkalinity mg/l 107 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 200 Iron (soluble) mg/l 0.01 Chlorine Residual (EP) mg/l 1.6 Chlorine Residual (POU) mg/l 0.98 Turbidity (POU) NTU 0.47 Total Organic Carbon (EP) mg/l 1.6 Dissolved Organic Carbon (EP) mg/l 1.7 NR = Not required EP = Entry Point mg/l = Milligram per liter POU = Point of use NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units E. MAJOR MODIFICATIONS COMPLETED IN 2016 Water Project: A. Contract 4, phase 2 & 3 work on the water plant rebuild B. Continued updates with the NYSDEC for the permits/approvals needed for Contract 1 (intake/reservoir) and dam safety contract work (60 foot dam main reservoir) C. Pre-treatment set up at the intake building for feeding sodium permanganate to address the manganese issue D. Utilities related to the contract work Distribution System: A. 250 feet of 12 inch water main installed along Dryden Rd. B. 140 feet of 8 inch water main installed along Linden Ave. C. Gravity system flushing jumper installed in East Ithaca distribution main D. 21 fire hydrants replaced E. 43 water services installed F. FUTURE PROJECTS AND CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS (PLANNED FOR 2017) Water Project: A. Completion of Contract 4 (water plant) B. Initial work related to Contract 1 C. Initial discussions/planning related to the raw water line maintenance/rehabilitation D. Initial planning for the work on the utilities near the WTP E. Determination of the scheduling for the road rehabilitation of Water St. F. Putting the new 2016 clearwell into service at the WTP G. Updating the WTP website: Distribution System: A. Water main work for the 200 block of N. Albany St. B. Water main work for the 100 block of S. Albany St. C. Flushing jumper installation along lower end of Cliff St. between the West Hill grid and the Gravity system. D. Expecting a similar number of hydrant replacements and service installations. 4 P a g e

5 G. DETECTED CONTAMINANTS Notes and Definitions for Table 3 (pg. 6) ACTION LEVEL (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that, if exceeded, triggers additional treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow. DBP s: disinfection by-products EP: entry point LEAD AND COPPER: The maximum level values reported for lead and copper represent the 90 th percentile of the samples taken. HAA5 (haloacetic acids): These are a group of chemicals that are formed when chlorinated (or other disinfectants used to control microbial contaminants in drinking water) react with naturally occurring organic and inorganic matter in water. The regulated haloacetic acids, known as HAA5 s, are monochloroacetic, dichloroacetic, trichloroacetic, monobromoacetic and dibromoacetic acids. The maximum level detected of HAA5 s is the highest of the four quarterly running annual averages calculated during the year and is the basis of the MCL for these compounds. MAIMUM LEVEL DETECTED: The highest measurement detected for the contaminant during the year. For total THM s and HAA5 s the maximum level detected is the highest of the four quarterly running annual averages during the year. MCL (maximum contaminant level): The highest level of contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCL s are set as close to the MCLG as feasible. MCLG ( maximum contaminant level goal): The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLG s allow for a margin of safety. MG: million gallons ND (not detected): Laboratory analysis indicates that the constituent is not present. NTU (nephelometric turbidity units): A measure of the clarity of the water. Turbidity of approximately 5 NTU is barely noticeable by the average person. pci/i (picocuries per liter): A measure of radioactivity in water. Range: The range of lowest to highest measurements detected for contaminants measured during the year. THM (trihalomethanes): These are a group of chemicals that are formed when chlorine or other disinfectants used to control microbial contaminants in drinking water react with naturally occurring organic and inorganic matter in water. The regulated trihalomethanes are bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane. These compounds result from the disinfection of water with chlorine. The maximum level detected of THM s is the highest of the four quarterly running annual averages calculated during the year and is the basis of the MCL for these compounds. TT (treatment technique): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water. ug/l (micrograms per liter): Corresponds to one part in one billion parts of a liquid (parts per billion, ppb). ICRSS: Information Collection Rule- Supplemental Survey PWSID#: Public Water System Identification Number MGD: million gallons per day mg/l (milligrams per liter): Corresponds to one part in one million parts of liquid (parts per million, ppm) MO: Monitoring only. MRDL (maximum residual disinfection level): The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary to control microbial contaminants. MRDLG (maximum residual disinfectant level goal): The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination N/A: not applicable 5 P a g e

6 Table 3: Detected Contaminants: City of Ithaca Water System 2016 data Max. Level Violation Date of Detected Regulatory Contaminant Units Yes/No Sample (Range) Limit MCLG Likely Source of Contamination Microbiological Contaminants Turbidity - EP NTU No TT=<1NTU N/A Soil Runoff NTU Yes. July 2.8 TT=<1NTU N/A Violation for July, mo. Avg. >1.0 Turbidity Samples % No Daily 99.00% TT=95% N/A Soil Runoff (Sept) of samples <0.3NTU Total Organic Carbon mg/l No TT N/A Naturally present in the env. Disinfection By-products ( ) THM's THM 1 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l Y MCL=80 N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination (min and max: Range) 3rd Qtr (74-88) THM 2 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l No 64 (min and max: Range) (55-64) HAA5 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l No (min and max: Range) (32-55) Ave Res. Time-stage 1 (max; RAA) ug/l No (min and max: Range) (37-42) HAA5's THM 1 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l No MCL=60 N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination (min and max: Range) (34-38) THM 2 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l No (min and max: Range) (38-42) HAA5 high level site (max; RAA) ug/l No (min and max: Range) (41-53) Ave Res. Time-stage 1 (max; RAA) ug/l No (min and max: Range) (29-33) Chlorine Residual mg/l No MRDL=4 N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination ( ) Inorganics Aluminum (Dist. Sys.& EP) mg/l No N/A N/A a secondary contaminant related to (0-0.11) aesthetics & technical effects; from water treatment chemicals & aluminum factories Barium mg/l No MCL=2 2 Drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits Chloride mg/l No MCL=250 N/A Naturally occurring or road salt Color units Yes N/A large quantities of organic chemicals, inade (0-45) quate treatment, high disinfectant demand and the potential for production of excess amounts of disinfectant byproducts such as THMs, the presence of metals such as copper, iron and manganese; Natural color may be caused by decaying leaves, plants, and soil organic matter Copper mg/l No AL Corrosion of household plumbing; erosion ( ) of natural deposits; leaching from wood preservatives Chromium ug/l No Discharge from steel & pulp mills; Erosion of natural deposits. Lead ug/l No AL 15 0 Household plumbing corrosion; erosion of (0-11) natural deposits Manganese mg/l Yes N/A Naturally occurring, indicative of landfill (0-0.98) contamination Nickel ug/l No N/A N/A Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion, Nitrate (as N) mg/l No MCL=10 10 Fertilizer runoff; septic tank leaching; erosion of natural deposits Silver ug/l No N/A Naturally occurring, discharge from photographic and radioactive processing; manufacturing of electronic products; jewelry making; plating and soldering Sodium mg/l No See Sect. N/A Naturally occurring;,road salt; animal waste (22-30) F water softeners; water treatment chemical Sulfate mg/l No MCL=250 N/A Naturally occurring Radiological Radium-228 pci/l No Erosion of natural deposits (combined) Zinc mg/l No N/A Naturally occurring; mining waste 6 P a g e

7 VIOLATIONS: The following is the EPA Health Effects Language for the contaminants (This is a repeat for the turbidity and manganese as this language was in the public notices previously sent out.): Turbidity: Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches. Manganese: Manganese is both naturally occurring and can be indicative of landfill contamination. The Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council determined an estimated safe and acceptable daily dietary intake of manganese to be 2,000 to 5,000 micrograms for adults. However, many people s diets lead them to consume even higher amounts of manganese, especially those who consume high amounts of vegetable or are vegetarian. The infant population is of greatest concern. It would be better if the drinking water were not used to make infant formula since it already contains iron and manganese. Excess manganese produces brownish color in laundered goods and impairs the taste of tea, coffee, and other beverages. Concentrations may cause a dark brown or black stains on porcelain plumbing fixtures. As with iron, manganese may form a coating on distribution pipes. These may slough off, causing brown blotches on laundered clothing or black particles in the water. Color: Sources: large quantities of organic chemicals, inadequate treatment, high disinfection demand, and the potential for production of excess amounts of disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes, the presence of metals such as copper, iron, and manganese: Natural color may be caused by decaying leaves, plants, and soil organic matter. Color has no health effects. In some instances color may be objectionable to some people at as low as 5 units. Its presence is aesthetically objectionable and suggests that the water may need additional treatment. During the MCL violations, the City did not see any changes that affected the microbial or disinfection processes within the system. Routine monitoring was maintained and no problems of this nature were indicated. DBP s: During 2016 the City had a 3 rd quarter MCl violation for THM s at the Cliff Park Rd. tank site (on West Hill). The MCL is 80 ug/l and the running annual average (RAA) for the 3 rd quarter for this site was 88 ug/l. The RAA for the 4 th quarter was 74 ug/l, which put the City back into compliance. As part of the rule, the City samples 4 sites and has to meet the MCL using the RAA for all sites. VIOLATIONS: The following are the sources for DBP s (THM s) and the EPA health effects language (again a repeat from the previous notices sent out): Sources: By-product of drinking water chlorination needed to kill harmful organisms. TTHMs are formed when source water contains large amounts of organic matter. Health Effects Language: Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer. Required testing for the EPA for the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule #3 (UCMR3) was completed by the City in Information about the rule and the contaminants can be found on the EPA website (epa.gov; search for UCMR3). The results for the city sampling can be found in Table 5 on pg 9. Other Information: Water & Sewer Operations Contact: Erik Whitney, Assistant Superintendent of W & S Operations Phone: , Website: cityofithaca.org Landlords: If you need extra copies to distribute to your tenants please contact the WTP. Resources: Websites with more water information and activities for children: Water.epa.gov/drink/ Water.epa.gov/learn/kids/drinkingwater/ 7 P a g e

8 H. NON- DETECTED CONTAMINANTS TABLE 4: NON-DETECTED CONTAMINANTS 2016 CONTAMINANT CIWS CONTAMINANT CIWS Microbiological Principal Organics Total Coliforms Benzene E. Coli Bromobenzene Bromochloromethane Inorganics Bromomethane Aluminum (EP) Asbestos NR N-Butylbenzene Antimony sec-butylbenzene Arsenic tert-butylbenzene Beryillium Carbon Tetrachloride Cadmium Chlorobenzene Chlorite Chromium Chloroethane Cyanide Chloromethane Color 2-Chlorotoluene Fluoride Odor Iron Manganese 4-Chlorotoluene Mercury Dibromomethane Nickel 1,2-Dichlorobenzene Selenium 1,3-Dichlorobenzene Silver 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Thallium Dichlorodifluoromethane Nitrate 1,1-Dichloroethane Nitrite 1,2-Dichloroethane Zinc 1,1-Dichloroethene Synthetic Organics & 4/19/2016 cis-1,2-dichloroethene Pesticides; Groups 1 & 2 Data trans-1,2-dichloroethene Alachlor 1,2-Dichloropropane Aldicarb 1,3-Dichloropropane Aldicarb sulfoxide 2,2-Dichloropropane Aldicarb sulfone 1,1-Dichloropropene Atrazine cis-1,3-dichloropropene Carbofuran trans-1,3-dichloropropene Chlordane Ethylbenzene Dibromochloropropane Hexachlorobutadiene 2,4-D Isopropylbenzene Endrin p-isopropyltoluene Ethylene dibromide Methylene Chloride Heptachlor n-propylbenzene Heptachlor epoxide Styrene Lindane 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane Methoxychlor 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane PCB - Aroclor 1016 Tetrachloroethene PCB - Aroclor 1221 Toluene PCB - Aroclor ,2,3-Trichlorobenzene PCB - Aroclor ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene PCB - Aroclor ,1,1-Trichloroethane PCB - Aroclor ,1,2-Trichloroethane PCB - Aroclor 1260 Trichloroethene Pentachlorophenol Trichlorofluoromethane Toxaphene 1,2,3-Trichloropropane 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Aldrin 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Benzo(a)pyrene m-ylene Butachlor o-ylene Carbaryl p-ylene Dalapon Vinyl Chloride Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate OTHER( Contaminants) Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate MBTE Dicamba Dieldrin Radiological Dinoseb Gross Alpha Diquat NR Gross Beta Endothall NR Radium Glyphossate Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorooxyclopentadiene 3-Hydroxycrbofuran Methomyl Metolachlor Metribuzin Oxamyl vydate Picloram Propachlor Simazine 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin) NR Propylene Glycol -NR 8 P a g e

9 TABLE 5 CONTAMINANT UCMR ,4-Dinitrotoluene 2,6-Dinitrotoluene Acetochlor DCPA mono-acid degradate DCPA di-acid degradate 4,4 -DDE EPTC Molinate Nitrobenzene Perchlorate Terbacil UCMR ,2-Diphenylbrazine Diazinon Disulfoton Fonofos Nitrobenzine Prometon Terbufos 2-Methylphenol 2,4-Dichlorophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Diuron Linuron UCMR ,2,3-trichloropropane Methyl bromide Methyl chloride HALON 1011 HCFC-22 1,3-butadiene 1,1-dichloroethane 1,4-dioxane Vanadium Molybdenum Cobalt Strontium D Chromium1 D Chromium6 D Chlorate D PFOS PFOA PFBS PFHxS PFHpA PFNA Other PFQA Gross alpha Gross beta Radium D = Monitored, but not detected D = Refer to detected list NR = Not required and not monitored in the past five years UCMR = Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Requirements 9 P a g e

10 I. SECURITY CONCERNS Generally, security threats to the water system have consisted of minor vandalism and property damage (i.e. lightning protection leads stolen at the intake building; graffiti). However, our security efforts focus to a high degree on the much less likely, but more serious, threat of intentional contamination of the water supply. The City has performed security assessments of their system and updated Emergency Response Plans to cover the possibility of terrorism. Weaknesses in procedures have been corrected and improvements to increase security of the infrastructure have been undertaken. Local police are aware of the security needs. Your awareness and reporting of suspicious activity throughout the system is appreciated. The City water system will be further assessing and updating its cyber security within the coming year. J. SOURCE WATER PROTECTION The New York State Health Department is in the process of developing a Source Water Assessment Report for every surface drinking water source for the state. When the reports are completed, the water systems will review them and provide a summary. If these reports become available in 2017, a summary will be posted on the website and provided in next year s AWQR. K. WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES You can play a role in conserving water by becoming conscious of the amount of water your household is using and by looking for ways to use less whenever you can. It is not hard to conserve water. The following are some ideas that you can apply directly in your own home. Use your water meter to detect hidden leaks. Turn off all taps and water using appliances, then record the meter reading and check the meter after minutes. If it registers, you have a leak. The bathroom accounts for 75 percent of the water used inside the home Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. Fill the sink with water when shaving vs running the tap or only run the tap when flushing the razor Water your lawn only when it needs it. If you step on the grass and it springs back up when you move, it does not need water. If it stays flat, it does. Fix leaks as soon as they are found. A dripping faucet with a 1/16 inch stream wastes 100 gallons of water per day. Saving water can lower your power bills by reducing your demand for hot or pumped water. These few simple steps will preserve the resource for future generations and also save up to 30% in your bill. The average residence in the United States uses 107,000 gallons of water a year. Eighty percent of the earth s surface is covered by water, but only one percent of the earth s water id suitable for drinking. Water acts as a natural buffer against extreme or rapid changes in the earth s temperature. It would take 219 million gallons of water to cover one square mile with one foot of water. One gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds. There are 3.78 liters in one gallon of water. There are 7.34 gallons in one cubic foot of water. 10 P a g e

11 L. MAP OF DIFFERENT ZONES OF WATER SYSTEM 11 P a g e