Power to Gas: Hydrogen Enabled Storage & Grid Stabilization

Transcription

1 Power to Gas: Hydrogen Enabled Storage & Grid Stabilization

2 Some fair questions Why would you want to do this? Does this work? What about efficiency? What about safety and embrittlement? Does this pay? Is this real? 2

3 Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation 3 Business Confidential The Smart Energy Grid Energy System Heat (BTU) Travel (Litres) Light (kwhr) Sensible Heat (BTU) Current Tool Gas Gasoline / Diesel Electrons BTU / Temperature Advantage Storage Portability Speed Secondary Recovery Hydrogen Link Hydrogen Interchanga bility Hydrogen Range over Batteries Hydrogen Clean Conversion Heat & Oxygen Available for H2 System

4 The Walls are falling on three solitudes 930 PJ 953 PJ Power to Gas - A new flow path with potential 486 PJ 88 PJ 4

5 A New Bridge Between Electricity & Gas Challenge Accommodate more Renewables Electrical Transmission & Distribution Grid H2 Electrolysis + Gas Storage Creates Bridge between established infrastructure Electrical Market Secure & Balanced Operation Generation When & Where Needed Most Ontario s Gas Storage & Distribution Grid Gas Transmission & Distribution Grid Natural Gas Market Secure & Balanced Operation Confidential Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

6 Gas Storage offers the greatest Capacity Time in Hours Synthetic NG Pumped Hydro Hydrogen Energy storage capacity in kwhrs Source: Technical Association of the EU Gas Industry 6

7 Simple Process Flow Source: Technical Association of the EU Gas Industry 7

8 Gas and Electricity Convergence Electricity Grid Grid Stabilization Function Excess Renewable & Surplus Baseload Electrolysis to Hydrogen Dynamic Load Natural Gas Network Natural Gas Generation Assets Large Gas Storage Pools Existing Natural Gas Structure Ch4/H2 Mixture Large Scale Hydrogen or Syngas Storage Industrial Uses Transportation Hydrogen systems 8 Business Confidential

9 Two Constraints both ok <15% Steel pipeline embrittlement Metallurgical Study indicates that this condition is a concern at elevated pressure, above 100 bar, and concentration Gas combustion appliance performance Up to 15% concentration not a concern Flame speed acceleration, dilution of BTU value, slight efficiency improvement Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation 9

10 Power to Gas may be the pathway we need to allow more renewable energy absorption

11 Hour of Day Production (kg/d) System Modelling 2MW Community Electrolyzer Variable Value Units Electrolyzer Capacity 786 Kg/day Electrolyzer Utilization 28 % Annual H2 Production 80,705 kg 300 Monthly Average Hydrogen Production Electroly zer Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Electrolyzer Input Pow er Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec kw 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,

12 Power (kw) Power (kw) Why the Difference? Battery systems Power and Energy scale together More energy storage = more batteries Marginal cost of storage capacity is $1400kWhr Energy (kwhr) 10X Energy (kwhr) Hydrogen systems Power and energy scale separately More energy storage = more tanks only $140 kwhr 12

13 Calculating the Value of Storage value = V commodity differential + V ancillary services including rate of response value + V energy storage time arbitrage + V energy storage spatial arbitrage + V Renewable Generation mix flexibility + V offset to new transmission + V carbon credits + V green substitutes + V energy independence value Business Confidential 13

14 Capacity, Not Efficiency, a Larger Driver for Renewable Storage 8000 Source: KBB underground 6000 This much could be fed into an underground hydrogen reservoir (2 M m3salt cavern): 600,000 MWh (MW) Pumped Hydro Storage Potential Source: GM presentation, Freese, May 13, 09 0 Oct 1 CAES Potential Oct 3 for 2 Mm3 Oct 5 Oct 7 Oct 9 Oct 11 Oct 13 Salt Cavern Only hydrogen offers storage capacity for several days or weeks 14

15 For Hydrogen, it s all about Scale. Pumped Hydro Facility CAES Facility Hydrogen Facility Geesthacht Pumped-storage Power Plant EON Huntorf CAES Plant EON Huntorf converted to hydrogen storage V = 3.3 million m 3 H = 83 m E = 534 MWh (3 x 40 MW Turbines) Vgeo. = 0.3 million m 3 P = bar E < 580 MWh Output: 290 MW < 3h Input: 60 MW <12h Vgeo. = 0.3 million m 3 P = 60 bar Ethermal = 41,832 MWh E 40% = 16,733 MWh 15

16 Scale What Are you Trying to do? Cost Efficiency 16

17 Efficiency [HHV%] Technology advancements result in 85-90% efficiency of conversion electrical Hydrogen to gaseous Production Rate, energy HHV [MMBTU/h] on HHV basis % 90% 2010 (PEMWE) DOE 2017 Target 80% 70% 60% Our commercial HySTAT 2001 (PEMWE) 2007 (PEMWE) 50% 2000 (PEMWE) Current Density [A/cm 2 ]

18 The largest Hydrogen Fueling Station in Europe is owned by a utility Vattenfal, Linde Project Manager; Hydrogenics Technology

19 System Power (kw) Hydrogenics is has completed work with the local IESO Study of Distributed Loads for Regulation Power Measured Power SET 16:36 16:22 16:07 15:53 15:38 15:24 15:10 14:55 19

20 A New Energy Currency Hydrogen End Use Flexibility Supply & Demand Leveling Grid Stabilization Transportation Fuel Regeneration of Electricity Supply Natural Gas / Hythane Energy Storage Long Duration (monthly or seasonal) Just in Time Energy Short cycle fluctuation Very large capacitor Soak up voltage spikes from peak-wind Electrolyzer to Gas Conversion Can Drive 3 Revenue Streams Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation

21 Project Announcements Germany Performing Energy Alliance Berlin area 2MW Germany EON 2 MW Falkenhagen Germany Audi e-gas methanization Canada Remote mining community Canada Gas & Electric Utility France National Research Agency ANR Japan Tokyo Gas & community reconstruction vision Brazil Investigation associated with Hydro Hydrogenics History 12 remote community projects(<1mw) Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute without written permission from Hydrogenics Corporation 21

22 This is not a new idea What has changed? Renewable energy penetration Grid operability issues Economic crisis surplus base load Fukushima future energy mix Germany - leadership Remaining Challenges for a Smart Energy Grid Policy impediments to monetize the value Gas interchangeability standards Scaling and cost of technology Local grid mix and operability Culture of utility innovation 22

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