Global Warming and Geothermal Heat Pumps

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2 Global Warming and Geothermal Heat Pumps John D. Manning, PE LEED TM Accredited Professional Earth Sensitive Solutions, LLC 9th Annual NYS Green Building Conference Friday, March 25 th, 2011

3 The U.S. Green Building Council New York Upstate Chapter is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non- AIA members are available upon request. This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

4 Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. U.S. Green Building Council New York Upstate Chapter 2011

5 Learning Objectives Climate Change & Geothermal Heat Pumps / - NYSGBC23 / 2011 Description: The discussion attempts to ignite and empower each of us to see the challenge and to move beyond our comfort zone to contribute to a better future. The presentation will also communicate a specific understanding of the geothermal heat pump technology in regards to how it works, system benefits, the expected installation costs and ultimately how this technology can be coupled with renewably generated electricity to create buildings that can be heated and cooled without producing any greenhouse gas emissions. The possibility of creating a zero-carbon facility by coupling geothermal heat pumps with renewably generated electricity firmly establishes this technology as the technology of choice for the 21st Century. Learning Units: 1 Instructor-led face-to-face Credit Designations: LU HSW SD Learning Objective 1: Reinforce the scientific reality of global warming Learning Objective 2: Learning Objective 3: Implant a sense of urgency to change our behavior Explain and remove the mystery of how geothermal heat pump systems work Learning Objective 4: Illustrate and quantify how geothermal heat pumps can reduce our carbon footprint

6 Course Evaluations In order to maintain high-quality learning experiences, please access the evaluation for this course by logging into CES Discovery and clicking on the Course Evaluation link on the left side of the page.

7 Global Warming: Fact or Fiction? The Debate is Over!!! There Are Solutions!!! We Need to Lead!!! The Time is Now!!! One Word!!!

8 Ice Core Sampling CO 2 Levels Oxygen Isotope Ratios Lonnie G. Thompson

9 CO 2 [ppmv] CO2 Concentration 600, , , ,000 Age (yr BP) 200, ,000 0

10 600 Projected Concentration After 50 More Years of Unrestricted Fossil Fuel Burning CO 2 [ppmv] CO2 Concentration Temp. in F 600, , , ,000 Age (yr BP) 200, ,000 0

11 600 Projected Concentration After 50 More Years of Unrestricted Fossil Fuel Burning Today s CO2 Concentration 300 CO 2 [ppmv] CO2 Concentration Temp. in F 600, , , ,000 Age (yr BP) 200, ,000 0

12 600 After 45 More Years of current energy use patterns Today s CO2 Concentration 300 CO 2 [ppmv] CO2 Concentration Temp. in F 600, , , ,000 Age (yr BP) 200, ,000 0

13 Discovery

14 Moving Beyond Opinion opinions are like noses, everyone has one

15 Types of Opinions Deluded Biased Informed

16 The World is Flat

17 What about this one? The Sun revolves around the Earth

18 And this one? Continents do NOT move

19 And this one? Climate Change is not Man-Made, it is the natural rythms of the planet, and besides there is nothing we can do about it.

20 Common Thread When prevailing popular opinion is challenged by scientific observation it threatens the status quo.and the existing power structure exercises their authority or wealth to attack this threat

21 The Challenge of Stabilizing Atmospheric Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide we If governments decide to stabilize the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide at 550ppm (about twice the preindustrial level), global emissions would have to peak by about 2025 and fall below current levels by 2040 to This would mean that all regions would have to deviate from most business-asusual scenarios within a few decades

22 CO 2 Emissions lbs per Year Office Bldg 341,553 Grandma 23,910 SUV 14,875 Light bulb 77-50, , , , , , , ,000

23 What is Geothermal?

24 Old Faithful

25 VERTICAL CLOSED GROUND LOOP

26 Small g What s in a Name? Ground Source Heat Pumps Earth Coupled Heat Pumps Water Source Heat Pumps Geoexchange TM geothermal Heat Pumps

27 What is a geothermal System? Technically, it is a water source heat pump system that uses the renewable energy stored in the earth as a heat source, as well as a heat sink.

28 What is a geothermal System? Geothermal is the most energy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-effective space conditioning system available.

29 What is a geothermal System? EPA found that on a source fuel basis geothermal systems are more efficient than competing fuel technologies. They are an average of 48% more efficient than the best gas furnaces, and over 75% more efficient than oil furnaces. In fact, today's best geothermal systems outperform the best gas technology, gas heat pumps, by an average of 36% in heating mode and 43% in cooling mode!

30 Polyethylene Pipe U-Bend

31 The Magic Newspaper Headline New York Times GE READY TO PUSH HEAT PUMP SALES New Department Is Organized to Mass Produce as Well as Distribute Product June 14, 1953

32 . and where is your heat pump??? 50 o F 40 o F 90 o F 80 o F

33 Heat Transfer 38 F 44 F 50 F 50 F

34 Heat Pump Moves Heat Q = 1.08 x cfm x Delta T = 1.08 x 2000 x 27 = 58,320 BtuH Supply Air - 95 F 38 F 44 F Circulating Pump Heat Pump Return Air - 68 F Q = 500 x gpm x Delta T = 500 x 15 x 6 = 45,000 BtuH = Free Heat

35 Heat Pump Moves Heat Q = 1.08 x cfm x Delta T 38 F 44 F Heat Pump Supply Air - 95 F = 1.08 x 2000 x 27 Coefficient of Performance = 58,320 BtuH (COP) Return Air - 68 F 58,320 58,320 Circulating COP = Pump = = 4.38 (58,320 45,000) 13,320 Q = 500 x gpm x Delta T = 500 x 15 x 6 = 45,000 BtuH = Free Heat

36 Heat Pump Schematic Basic Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle Q H = Q L + W COP = Q H /W

37 Heat Pump Schematic Reversible (Heat Pump) Cycle

38 Heat Pump Schematic Water-to-Air Heat Pump

39 Heat Pump Schematic Heat Pump w/ desuperheater

40 Heat Pump Schematic Option Water-to-Air Heat Pump w/ Hot Water Generator

41 Heat Pump Schematic Water-to-Air Heat Pump w/ Hot Water Generator & desuperheater

42 Courtesy of Hydron Module

43 Courtesy of ClimateMaster

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45 Wall Penetration

46 Wall Penetration

47 Heating Mode (winter)

48 Cooling mode (summer)

49 Most of the Time

50 Recent Examples Ithaca College Peggy Ryan Williams Center 50,000 sq Ft LEED Platinum (pending) Willink Middle School 172,000 sq feet New Construction LeMoyne College Jesuit Residence 30,000 sq feet Existing Facility Cayuga Community College 60,000 sq feet Combination New/Renovation Auburn City Hall 70 year old Historical Building in need of Air Conditioning Cambria DEP Regional Office LEED 2.0 Gold Certified 33,000 Sq Ft Office Building *

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54 Mechanical Room at Willink

55 Installation at LeMoyne College

56 Drilling Test Hole at Cayuga Community College

57 Memorial City Hall Auburn, NY A View from the Bell Tower

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59 McQuay Gears Up

60 Why Use Geothermal Systems Energy Efficient/Low Operating Cost: 25-40% better than any other HVAC system Comfort Aesthetics Design Flexibility, More Available Space Heat Pumps can be purchased at time of space build out Individual Tenant Zoning, Metering and Maintenance Reduced Mechanical Space Requirements Low Noise Minimal Maintenance Environmentally Friendly Safety Indoor Air Quality Reliability High-Tech

61 Maintenance Costs Type of Equipment Median Cost Geothermal In-house Geothermal Contractor O&P Water source heat pump Packaged air-to-air heat pump Split system heat pump Reciprocating chiller Single-stage absorption chiller Two-stage absorption chiller Data compiled from ASHRAE RP-929 and Caneta Research report for July, 2000 ASHRAE publication.

62 Geothermal Emissions

63 Geothermal Emissions

64 CO2 Emissions lbs per Year Office Bldg 341,553 Grandma 23,910 SUV 14,875 Light bulb 77-50, , , , , , , ,000

65 CO2 Emissions lbs per Year 0 Office Bldg 341,553 Grandma 23,910 SUV 14,875 Light bulb 77-50, , , , , , , ,000

66 Relative Operating Costs

67 The Power of Choice!! Thank you!!! Questions????