Energy Efficiency Roles in Current and Future Indonesia Carbon Market
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1 Energy Efficiency Roles in Current and Future Indonesia Carbon Market Dicky Edwin Hindarto Coordinator of Carbon Trading Mechanism Division and Indonesia Lead Negotiator at UNFCCC Head of DNA Secretariat Jakarta, October 18, 2011
2 Structure of Presentation 1. Indonesia mitigation strategy 2. Indonesia carbon market current condition 3. Energy efficiencies in carbon market 4. Moving forward 2
3 Indonesia mitigation objectives and role of market instrument(s) Societal perspective 1, 2030 Reduction cost 2 USD per tco 2 e Large hydro ,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 2,200 Net Savings Fire prevention High efficiency appliances Switching to LEDs Internal combustion engine improvements in passenger cars REDD smallholder agriculture Sustainable Forest Management Net Costs Peat land rehab. REDD timber extraction REDD timber plantation Geothermal Reduction potential 2 MtCO 2 e per year We are devising an energy mix policy including LULUCF (Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry) that will reduce our emissions by 26 percent by 2020 from BAU (Business As Usual). With international support, we are confident that we can reduce emissions by as much as 41 percent - President Yudhoyono s commitment at the Pittsburgh G-20 Leaders Summit 1 Societal perspective implies utilizing a 4% discount rate 2 The width of each bar represents the volume of potential reduction. The height of each bar represents the cost to capture each reduction initiative Source: Indonesia GHG Abatement Cost Curve Ø 2 3
4 Indonesia emission reduction strategies Market and non-market approaches to climate change mitigation Market Compliance market (CDM) Voluntary market (VCM) Future carbon markets Non-market National budget Private investment Foreign public funding Policies (e.g fiscal, banking incentives and disincentives) Philanthropic contribution (companies, NGOs) Where are the energy efficiencies projects? 4
5 Energy policies implementation in some major countries 5
6 Clean energy investment in some major countries 6
7 Indonesia CDM current condition: the projects 166 Indonesian projects are in UNFCCC pipeline 70 Projects are Registered Validation Negative, 6 Rejected, 2 Request Review, 2 Validation Terminated, 25 Registration requested, 0 At Validation, 61 Registered, 70 PFCs and SF6, 2 N2O, 1 Methane avoidance, 71 Solar, 1 Biomass energy, 27 Afforestation, 1 Reforestation, 1 Cement, 1 EE households, 1 EE Industry, 6 EE supply side, 4 EE own generation, 3 Fossil fuel switch, 10 Fugitive, 4 Some of energy efficiencies projects are fail to prove their addittionalities Geothermal, 8 Landfill gas, 10 Hydro, 15 Energy efficiency 7
8 Indonesia CDM current condition: registered projects CER percentage of registered projects Total CER expected until 2012: 27,386,113 CERs; mostly from geothermal Energy efficiencies projects only has a very small amount of CERs PFCs and SF6, 1 N2O, 1 Solar, 1 Methane avoidance, 32 Biomass energy, 11 Afforestation, 0 Reforestation, 0 Landfill gas, 7 Cement, 1 EE households, 0 EE Industry, 2 EE supply side, 2 EE own generation, 0 Fossil fuel switch, 3 Fugitive, 1 Geothermal, 4 Hydro, 4 Landfill gas 6.1% Hydro 6.3% PFCs and SF6 0.7% N2O 0.9% Methane avoidance 20.2% Geothermal 22.9% Solar 0.1% Biomass energy 19.0% Reforestation 0.0% Afforestation 0.0% Cement 12.2% Fugitive 7.0% EE households 0.0% EE Industry 0.3% EE supply side 1.2% EE own generation 0.0% Fossil fuel switch 3.1% 8
9 Indonesia CDM current condition: issued CER 9
10 Indonesia voluntary carbon market condition Indonesia CDM current condition -/y VCM (voluntary carbon market) is a carbon market not constituted by compliance to reduce emission but by the voluntary intention of the buyer to reduce its carbon footprint NCCC is conducting study to portray the voluntary carbon market situation in Indonesia More than 20 Indonesian projects in VCM pipeline and all uses Voluntary Carbon Standard (VCS) methodologies. Total VER that already issued are more than 2,000,000 tver. Energy efficiencies are more easy to enter voluntary carbon market. 10
11 3 possible scenarios post 2012 from climate negotiation Scenarios 1 Scenarios 2 Scenarios 3 Ideal scenario Non ideal scenario Chaos scenario KP2: LCA scenario: No commitment for Continuation of New market using the multilateral CDM and JI mechanism based market on the near Deep cut on NAMA s future Linking between 1 st crediting, REDD The developed Commitment Period PoA the only CDM country will used and 2 nd that can be bilateral and regional Commitment Period continued market to fulfill their No lack between 1 st Some possibilities target and 2 nd of linkages between More than 5 years commitment 1 st and 2 nd lack for the commitment multilateral carbon 3-5 years of lack market between 1 st and 2 nd commitment 11
12 What Indonesia will do? Indonesia finds that whatever the scenario will be, it is very important to prepare market readiness. Indonesia will explore any relevant experiences as to carbon market development initiatives, such as EU and New Zealand ETS, domestic market in Japan and Korea and in other countries. Market readiness activities would go along with the UNFCCC progress especially on legally binding commitment of developed countries to reducing emissions and market mechanisms for mitigation. However, no decisions are made yet as to the type of market mechanism Indonesia intends to prioritize. At this point, strengthening carbon market fundamentals while participating in shaping the global market would best suit Indonesia. Some carbon market initiatives that already done are: Partnership for Market Readiness (10 donor countries with World bank as a coordinator/operator) Carbon market regional initiatives (with Australia, Asia Pacific, Japan, etc) Bilateral offset credit mechanism discussion (Japan proposal) Capacity building for new possibilities carbon market (with IGES). 12
13 Building blocks of market-readiness at Indonesia (PMR proposal) With PMR support Indonesia continues to prepare building blocks to develop readiness for next possible carbon markets. 1 2 Current Indonesia Carbon Market Technical Policy Institutional/legal P M R The proposal will comprise a series of activities covering readiness on technical, policy, and institutional/legal elements Next Possible Carbon Markets Implementation 3 Focus on energy, industry, and transportation sectors with an objective to prepare and strengthen carbon market fundamentals. 4 The next possible carbon markets include domestic, regional, and global market under or outside UNFCCC mechanisms. 13
14 Terima kasih Thank you
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