Solares Kühlen Technische und wirtschaftliche Grundlagen Absorptionskälte und Adsorptionskälte

Transcription

1 Solares Kühlen Technische und wirtschaftliche Grundlagen Absorptionskälte und Adsorptionskälte Solare Prozesswärme SoPro Workshop IV ZukunftsZentrumZollverein Triple Z, Essen Germany, Dr. Uli Jakob, Senior Consultant SolarNext AG Company Hightex Group plc, London Hightex International AG, Switzerland SolarNext AG, Germany Hightex GmbH, Germany Hightex Limited, United Kingdom Hightex Tensile Structures, Canada Hightex Pty. Ltd., Australia Hightex Americas LLC, U.S.A. Metal-System Küstrin Sp.zo.o, Poland (40 % stake) 1

2 Schematics of Cooling Cycles Electrical chiller Thermal chiller Driving heat Q H (Gas, steam, solar or waste heat) Power P el Heat rejected Q C (cooling tower) Heat rejected Q C (cooling tower) Cooling capacity Q O (Fan coils / Chilled ceiling) Cooling capacity Q O (Fan coils / Chilled ceiling) Heat Sources for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems Solar Source: Tsinghua District Heating Source: Citrin Solar Source: wikipedia CHP Unit, Biomass, Process Heat etc. Source: EC-Power Source: ecopower 2

3 World Exhibition 1878, Paris First Ice Block Through Solar Energy Source: Olynthus Verlag Absorption Technology Experiences 60 Years Old Chiller 5 kw Source: SOLID 3

4 The Application of Solar Cooling in a Building (Installation Principle) chillii Cooling System Solar Cooling Solar Heating Solar Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Solar Pool Heating All in one System! chillii Cooling Systems 5 kw 4

5 chillii System Controller Different Heat Sources (e.g. Solar, CHP unit, Biomass) Back-up System (e.g. Oil/Gas Boiler) Heat and Cold Storage Management Domestic Hot Water Chiller (e.g. chillii WFC18) Recooler (e.g. Dry Recooler) Heating and Cooling Circuits Small-Scale chillii Cooling Kits chillii Cooling Kit PSC19 chillii Cooling Kit ISC11 5

6 Medium-Scale chillii Cooling Kits chilli Cooling Kit ACC50 chillii Cooling Kit WFC105 chillii Cooling Kit Installations Worldwide ( ) 6

7 Bank, Miesbach, Germany Sources: SolarNext (2008) NH3/H2O chillii Cooing Kit PSC10 (2x) in Miesbach, Germany for Office Space Cooling 100 m² 7,500 l 20 kw 48 kw Flat Plate Collectors & Gas Burner Back-up Hot Water Storage and 2,000 l Cold Water Storage Cooling Capacity Wet Cooling Tower Capacity Retirement Home, Kalkara, Malta Sources: SolarNext Source: Pink (2008) NH3/H2O chillii Cooling Kit PSC10 in Kalkara, Malta for Space Cooling 38 m² 1,000 l 10 kw 27 kw Flat Plate Collectors Hot Water Storage and 1,000 l Cold Water Storage Cooling Capacity Ground Water Cooling 5 kwcapacity (ca. 21 C), sweet/salt water 7

8 Villa, Beijing, China Sources: SolarNext (2008) H2O/Silica gel chillii Cooling Kit STC8 in Beijing, China for Space Cooling 20.5 m² 1,000 l 7.5 kw 22 kw Flat Plate Collectors and Gas Boiler Back-up Hot Water Storage, 1,000 l Cold Water Storage Cooling Capacity Dry Cooler Capacity (with Water Spraying) 5 kw Coffee Shop, Wyong, Australia Sources: Urban Energy (2009) H2O/Zeolith chillii Cooling Kit ISC10 in Wyong, Australia for Space Cooling 34.8 m² 1,500 l 10 kw 30 kw Vacuum Tube Collectors Hot Water Storage and 500 l Cold Water Storage Cooling Capacity Dry Cooler Capacity (with Water Spraying) 8

9 Office Building, Monterrey, Mexico Sources: DESMEX (2010) H2O/LiBr chillii Cooling Kit WFC18 in Monterrey, Mexico for Office Space Cooling 72 m² 3,600 l 17.5 kw 42 kw Vacuum Tube Collectors Hot Water Storage Cooling Capacity Wet Cooling Tower Capacity Total amount of installed Solar Cooling systems in Europe and the World Development of Solar Cooling Market Sources: Green Chiller (Climasol, Fraunhofer ISE, Rococo, Tecsol, Tecsol/Fraunhofer ISE) Europe World 9

10 Market Share of Solar Thermally Driven Sorption Chillers (2009) Sources: EURAC, Tecsol specific system costs without VAT [EUR/kW] Specific Total Costs of Solar Cooling Kits (2011) cooling capacity [kw] Solar Cooling Kit including collector Thermal Cooling Kit without collector 10

11 Competitive Advantage of Solar Cooling against Compression Cooling (CO 2 Emissions) Competitive Advantage of Solar Cooling against Compression Cooling (CO 2 Emissions) 11

12 chillii Services Extensions of chillii Cooling Kits (e.g. Cold Storage Extension) System Design Implementation Strategy and Project Management System Optimisation Commissioning Maintenance All-In Green Chiller Verband für Sorptionskälte e.v. 12

13 Small and Medium-Scale chillii Cooling Kits in capacity range of 8 kw up to 105 kw available Worldwide References with Operational Experiences based on Solar Heat, Biomass, CHP Waste Heat and Process Heat Specific Collector Surface of the chillii Solar Cooling Kits is 4.5 m²/kw Specific Costs of Solar Cooling Kits in Europe(*): - 5,000 to 8,000 EUR/kW in ,500 to 5,000 EUR/kW in ,250 to 4,500 EUR/kW in 2011 (*) The solar cooling Kit consist of solar thermal collectors, hot water storage, pump-set, chiller, re-cooler, partly cold water storage and system controller. The specific costs are without cold distribution and installation costs. Conclusion Thank you. Dr. Uli Jakob, Senior Consultant SolarNext AG