16 Management of Natural Resources

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1 Assignments in Science Class X (Term II) 16 Management of Natural Resources 1. We can manage and conserve our natural resources as well as the environment through sustainable development. 2. Sustainable development means development which meets the needs of the present generation as well as of the future generation. 3. The objective of sustainable development is to maintain a healthy environment which is pollution free, so that human beings can live in harmony with nature. 4. To achieve sustainable development, the goal has to be minimised resource use. 5. Preservation refers to non-use, conservation attempts to minimise the use of a natural resource and restoration seeks to return a degraded resource to its original state. 6. The 3R s in sustainable development are reduce, recycle and reuse. 7. Reuse is in a way better than recycling because the energy used for recycling the resources is not used in case of reuse. 8. Forests are biodiversity hotspots. 9. Stakeholders are people living in or around forests. 10. The Chipko movement (Hug the tree movement) was a movement of the local IMPORTANT NOTES people to resist the deforestation attempt on the hill slopes. 11. A major law protecting endangered species globally is CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species). 12. India has 581 protected areas, among them 89 are National Parks and 492 Wildlife Sanctuaries. 13. Project Tiger was initiated in 1973 and it was founded by the World Wide Fund for Nature. 14. The Narmada Bachao Andolan has been very active in its movement against the Sardar Sarovar Project in Gujarat. 15. Coliform bacteria act as water pollution indicators. 16. Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum are termed non-renewable sources of energy. 17. Acid rain as well as global warming are the result of exploitation and misuse of natural resources. 18. Some important NGOs working in the field of environment are Kalpavriksh (New Delhi), World Wide Fund for Nature, Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Mumbai, etc. I. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 Mark) 1. What is preservation? 2. What is restoration? 3. What is the meaning of recycle? 4. What is considered to be a biodiversity hotspot? 5. What was represented as the official flag of Bikaner kingdom? 6. How many protected areas are there in India? 7. When was Project-Tiger started? 8. Which is the first national park established in India? 9. Name some people who took an active role in Chipko movement. 10. What are the causes of over-exploitation of natural resources? 11. If the ph of water is 8, state whether the sample is acidic or alkaline. 1

2 12. What is the name of the award given in honour of the movement started for protection of Khejri trees? 13. What does the presence of coliform in water indicate? 14. What is Narmada Bachao Andolan? 15. How does socio-cultural environment affect human being? 16. Name the irrigation project in Madhya Pradesh, that resulted in water logging. B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS 1. What are three R s in saving the environment? 2. What are the two kinds of natural resources? 3. Name any two forest products, each of which is the basis for some industry. 4. State an instance where human intervention saved the forest from destruction. 5. What is meant by renewable natural resources? II. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS I 1. What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with long-term aim? 2. What is the purpose of building large dams? 3. Name any two national parks in India. 4. Name any two international environmental organisations. 5. Prepare a list of five items that you use daily in the school. Identify from the list such items that can be recycled. 6. List two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level. 6. Why are coal and petroleum considered to be nonrenewable sources of energy? 7. How is the increase in demand for energy affecting air environment already? [2008] 8. Which one of the following is a renewable resource: natural gas, petroleum, ground water, coal? [2008] 9. Fire wood is our conventional fuel. List any four reasons for replacing it by alternate sources of energy. [2008] 10. List any two traditional systems of water harvesting. [2008] 11. Define the term conservation of environment. [2006, 2005] 12. Why is it necessary to conserve our environment? [2005] 13. Which one of the following pollutants of air would affect the capacity of blood in human bodies to absorb oxygen from the lungs? NO 2, SO 2, CO, CO 2 [2003] (2 Marks) 7. What measures would you take to conserve electricity in your house? 8. Why is the management of forest and wildlife resource considered as a challenging task? 9. What is Ganga Action Plan and when was it implemented? 10. How Kulhs system of irrigation evolved in Himachal Pradesh? 11. Construction of a dam on a river often results in the reduction of fish catch. Why is it so? 12. How would the setting up of a factory on the bank of a river affect the population downstream? B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS 1. (a) Why are coal and petroleum called fossil fuels? (b) Name any two elements present in fossil fuels in addition to carbon. 2. List any four stakeholders which may help in the conservation of forests. 3. Explain with the help of two examples how the participation of local people has led to conservation of forest in the past. 4. With the help of an example explain how involvement of local people can lead to efficient management of forests. 2

3 5. (a) How can development of efficient engines ensuring complete combustion of fossil fuel be useful to us? (b) Name the four elements that constitute fossil fuels. 6. (a) State two disadvantages of converting forests into monocultures. (b) Give any two advantages of water stored under ground. 7. Suggest two methods by which our consumption of coal and petroleum can be reduced. 8. (a) What is meant by sustainable development? (b) Suggest any one method to achieve it. 9. (a) What is water harvesting? (b) Mention any two water harvesting structures. [2011 (T-II), 2009] 10. An environmentalist on visit to your school, suggested the use of three R s to save the environment. Explain what he meant by three R s and how would you follow his advice? [2011 (T-II), 2009] 11. Suggest two important measures to reduce consumption of the various natural resources. 12. (a) The increase in demand for fossil fuels is affecting our environment adversely. Justify this statement. (b) Why is LPG considered a better fuel than coal? 13. We should use coal and petroleum judiciously. Why? State any four reasons. 14. List four changes you would like to incorporate in your life style which would facilitate the more towards a sustainable use of available resources in our country. 15. What are fossil fuels? The excessive use of fossil fuels is discouraged. Why? 16. Mention any two reasons for which environmentalist protested against raising height of the Sardar Sarovar Dam on river Narmada. 17. List four ways in which management of fossil fuels differ from natural renewable resources of energy. 18. What are non-renewable resources? Give two examples. 19. Give two reasons why, there is a need of switching over from fossil fuels to the other sources of energy. Name any two alternative sources of energy. 20. How can we as an individual help in reducing the use of fossil fuels? Mention two ways. [2010] 21. (a) How does formation of coal and petroleum occur? (b) Name any two products formed when fossil fuels are burnt. [2010] 22. With the help of an example show that reuse strategy is better than recycling. [2010] 23. What are natural resources? State two factors that work against an equitable distribution of these resources. 24. Why must we conserve our forests? List any two causes for deforestation taking place. 25. List any four measures for conserving forests. 26. Write two advantages of classifying energy sources as renewable and nonrenewable. [2008] 27. Why should we conserve forests? Suggest any two ways to conserve forests. [2008] 28. State two reasons each for conserving (a) forests (b) wildlife. [2008] 29. Suggest any two ways to strike a balance between environment and development. [2006] 30. List any four practices which help in protecting environment. [2005] 31. Why is conservation of wildlife considered important to us? Give any two reasons. [2002, 2000] III. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS II (3 Marks) 1. Name some environment pollution control laws as well as wildlife protection acts. 2. Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons. 3

3. Suggest a few useful ways of utilising waste water. 4. What is the importance of forest as a resource? 5. Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest? 6.

QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS 1. State two reasons of launching the Ganga Action Plan. Which bacteria were found in Ganga water including contamination? 2. What is Chipko movement?

4 3. Suggest a few useful ways of utilising waste water. 4. What is the importance of forest as a resource? 5. Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest? 6. Although coal and petroleum are produced by degradation of biomass, yet we need to conserve them. Why? 7. Suggest a few measures for controlling carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS 1. State two reasons of launching the Ganga Action Plan. Which bacteria were found in Ganga water including contamination? 2. What is Chipko movement? How did this movement ultimately benefit the local population and the environment? [2011 (T-II), 2009] 3. What is meant by exploitation of resources with short term aims? List its four advantages. 4. What is dam? Write two main advantages and two ill-effects of constructing a big dam. 5. What is meant by sustainable management? The environmentalists are insisting upon sustainable IV. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS 1. In the context of conservation of natural resources, explain the terms reduce, recycle and reuse. From among the materials that we use in daily life, identify two materials for each category. 2. Prepare a list of five activities that you perform daily in which natural resources can be conserved or energy utilisation can be minimised. 8. (a) Locate and name the water reservation in Figures (a) and (b). (b) Which one has an advantage over the other and why? (a) (b) 9. How does the water of Ganga get polluted? 10. Why is judicious use of fossil fuels necessary? natural resources management? State its four advantages. 6. Suggest three ways to maintain a balance between an environment and the development to survive. [2007] 7. What measures have been taken for conservation of wildlife? State any three measures. [2003] 8. Why is replenishment of forests necessary? State four reasons. [2003] 9. Industrialisation is one main cause of deterioration of environment. Discuss. [2001] (5 Marks) 3. Explain the traditional water harvesting system with a suitable diagram. Write about the techniques of water harvesting. 4. Write in brief about the various forest resources or stakeholders of the forests. 5. Quote three instances where intervention saved the forests from destruction. A. Quiz 1. In a village in Karnataka, people started cultivating crops all around a lake which was always filled with water. They added fertilisers to their field in order to enhance the yield. Soon they discovered that the waterbody was completely covered with green floating plants and the fish started dying in large number. Analyse the situation and give reasons for excessive growth of plants and death of fish in the lake. 2. In our country, there are various attempts to increase the height of several existing dams like 4

5 Tehri and Almati dams. What are the reasons behind it? 3. On the banks of the river, there are several factories that are discharging effluents into the river. The ph of water sample collected from the river is found to be acidic in the range of Name the effluents which is the most likely cause for lowering the ph of river water. What would be the effect of pollution on the fishes of the river. B. Puzzles 1. Look across, up and down in the grid to find the answer of the following questions: (i) NGO started a movement against the destruction of Delhi s green areas. (ii) First national park of India. (iii) Water harvesting structure in Karnataka. (iv) Water harvesting structure in M.P. (v) Bacteria indicate contamination of water with untreated sewage. (vi) Water harvesting structure in Maharashtra. 2. Hug the tree movement was a movement of the local people to resist the deforestation attempt on the hill slopes. The movement originated from an incident in a village Reni in Garhwal during the early 1970 s. There was a specific name for such a movement. To spell it, first write down the letters that occur before each of the given letters. Then unscramble the word, to get the name of the movement. J L P Q D I C. Group Activities 1. Prepare a list of forest material that you use. What products do a person living near a forest would 5 use? Also prepare a list of forest products used by a person living in a forest. Discuss with your friends if there are differences in the various lists. 2. Study the rainfall pattern in different parts of India. Mark the areas with abundant rainfall and regions with different rainfall. Study the economy of these regions. Regions of water scarcity are also the regions of acute poverty. Find out the connection between water scarcity and acute poverty. D. Seminar 1. Topic Ecological Stability (Hints Discuss the following points:) (a) Effect of deforestation (b) Afforestation (c) Social forestry (d) Agroforestry 2. Topic Environmental Organisations (Hints Discuss the following points:) (a) Non-Governmental Organisations (b) International Organisations (c) National Organisations E. Debate 1. Dams can add to global warming. 2. Agroforestry reduces pressure on the forests. F. Group Discussion 1. In the absence of forest cover, the summer becomes hotter while the winters become extra cool. 2. Ganga Action Plan was formulated to reduce pollution load on river Ganga. G. Survey 1. Visit a town or village that you have seen a few years back and find out (a) New roads and buildings have come up. (b) Work out a list of materials that have been used in building new roads and houses. (c) Where have these materials come from? 2. Visit a nearby national park and observe carefully (a) The effect of building rest houses for tourists. (b) The effect of throwing of plastic bottles, cover and other litter by the tourists. (c) The effect of allowing grazing of domestic animals.

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Downloaded from Class X: Biology Chapter 16: Management of natural resources Chapter Notes Key learnings: 1) The natural resources like water, soil, forests, wild-life, coal, petroleum etc. should be utilized in a sustainable