VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED

Transcription

1 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Based on: TOR Letter. No. J / 341 / IA - II (I), dated Prepared for VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED Expansion of Asbestos Cement Sheet & Accessories from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2, 40,000 TPA Proposed at: Jujjuru Village, Veerulapadu (M), Krishna (D) Andhra Pradesh Prepared by ISO 9001: 2008 Certified NOVEMBER Accredited by Flat # 7-3 Dhruvatara Apartments Amrutha Estates Erramanjil Somajiguda Hyderabad Phone: / 71 E mail: info@pioneerenvirolabs.com PEOPLE WHO CARE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAVE ENVIRONMENT

2 REIA report ; I N D E X INDEX S.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. TOR Letter issued by Honourable MOEF, New Delhi 1-5 TOR Compliance i-vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT BRIEF DESCRIPTION NATURE OF THE PROJECT SIZE OF THE PROJECT LOCATION OF THE PROJECT IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1-6 CHAPTER - II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT NEED FOR THE PROJECT LOCATION SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION RAW MATERIALS RAW MATERIAL STORAGE AND HANDLING TRANSPORATION OF RAW MATERIALS MANUFACTURING PROCESS PROCESS OF ASBESTOS CEMENT SHEETS & ACCESSORIES ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF 2-19 TECHNOLOGICAL FAILURE I N D E X- i

3 REIA report ; I N D E X CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT METEOROLOGY METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT SITE AIR QUALITY SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS PARAMETERS MONITORED SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING NOISE ENVIRONMENT RECONNAISSANCE BACKGROUND NOISE SOURCES OF NOISE COMMUNITY NOISE OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA WATER QUALITY IMPACTS SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT GROUND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT WATER REQUIREMENT WASTE WATER GEOHYDROLOGICAL SCENARIO LAND ENVIRONMENT LAND USE PATTERN MINERAL RESERVES SEISMIC EFFECT SOIL BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS EXISTING AIR EMISSION & WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION DATA 3-47 CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.0 INTRODUCTION AIR ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ON TPOPGRAPHY AND CLIMATE IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY 4-2 I N D E X- ii

4 REIA report ; I N D E X IMPACTS ON CLIMATE PREDICTIOLNS OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT WATER REQUIREMENT WASTEWATER PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO NOISE PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN HEALTH & CROPS IMPACT ON WATER BODIES 4-9 CHAPTER V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED FOR SETTINGUP OF ASBESTOS SHEET MANUFACTURING UNIT BY M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD. 5-1 CHAPTER VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS METHODOLOGIES FREQUENCY & LOCATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DATA ANALYSIS ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASUREMENT & MONITORING OF ASBESTOS REPORTING SCHEDULE EMERGENCY PROCEDURES DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES 6-4 CHAPTER VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF THE STUDY FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM METHODOLOGY OF MCA ANALYSIS FIRE & EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX 7-2 I N D E X- iii

5 REIA report ; I N D E X ASSESSMENT OF RISK AT M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD RISK & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FIRE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN DISASTERS OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF PLAN EMERGENCIES GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED EMERGENCY ORGANISATION EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES SITE CONTROLLER INCIDENT CONTROLLER EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - RESCUE, FIRE FIGHTING EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - MEDICAL, MUTUAL AID, REHABILITATION, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - ESSENTIAL SERVICES GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES DURING AN EMERGENCY EMERGENCY FACILITIES EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES LOCATION OF WIND SOCK EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES EMERGENCY ACTIONS EMERGENCY WARNING EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL ALL CLEAR SIGNAL OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SAFETY PLAN SAFETY ORGANISATION CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION PHASE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE SAFETY CIRCLE 7-15 I N D E X- iv

6 REIA report ; I N D E X SAFETY TRAINING HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN ACTION PLAN FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OHS STANDARDS 7-16 AS PER OSHAS/USEPA 7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT R & R ACTION PLAN 7-16 CHAPTER VIII PROJECT BENEFITS 8.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 8-1 CHAPTER - IX ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1 CHAPTER X ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.0 INTRODUCTION MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE SITE PREPARATION WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION NOISE MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES WASTE STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL LAND ENVIRONMENT POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE AIR EMISSION MANAGEMENT CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM PROPOSED ASBESTOS UNIT DUST SUPRESSION SYSTEM INTERNAL ROADS COMPLIANCE ON CREP RECOMMENDATIONS GOOD HOUSE KEEPING WATER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL 10-6 I N D E X- v

7 REIA report ; I N D E X NOISE LEVEL MANAGEMENT LAND ENVIRONMENT MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT RAINWATER HARVESTING POST PROJECT MONITORING STRATEGY BIS STANDARDS FOR ASBESTOS SHEET MANUFACTURING UNITS ACTION PLAN FOR COMPLIANCE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF THE HON BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA COST OF THE PROJECT COST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CHAPTER - XI SUMMARY 11-1 I N D E X- vi

8 REIA report ; I N D E X TABLES S. No. CONTENTS PAGE NO. CHAPTER II 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF LAND PROPOSED LAND USE STATEMENT 2-2 CHAPTER III AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RSPM FIBROUS DUST CONCENTRATION IN THE STUDY AREA NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS EQUIVALENT DAY NIGHT NOISE LEVELS SURFACE WATER QUALTIY ANALYSIS GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS SOIL CHARACTERISTICS POPULATION BREAK UP AS PER CENSUS LITERACY LEVELS OF THE POPULATION UP AS PER CENSUS WORKERS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS 2011 (MAIN & MARGINAL) CULTIVATORS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS 2011 (MAIN & MARGINAL) AGRICULTURAL LABOURS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY WORKERS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS OTHER WORKERS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS 2011 (MAIN & MARGINAL) NON WORKERS CLASSIFICATION AS PER CENSUS CHAPTER IV STACK EMISSIONS NET RESULTANT MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS DURING OPERATION WATER REQUIREMENT WASTE WATER GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF SANITARY WASTE WATER 4-6 CHAPTER VII 7.1 POSSIBLE RISKS FROM THE PROPOSED PROJECT 7-3 I N D E X- vii

9 REIA report ; I N D E X FIGURES S.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1.1 LOCATION MAP TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM WIND ROSE AT SITE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS GROUND WATER SAMPLING STATIONS SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS 3-28 I N D E X- viii

10 A COPY OF TOR Letter issued by MoEF, New Delhi

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15 REIA report ; TOR Compliance TOR COMPLIANCE Compliance made on TOR issued by Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF) S.No TOR POINTS Vide letter No. NO. J / 341 / IA - II (I), dated TOR COMPLIANCE 1 Executive Summary of the project Enclosed As ANNEXURE-1 2 Photograph of the plant area Enclosed As ANNEXURE-2 3 Compliance to the conditions stipulated for Enclosed As ANNEXURE-3 existing capacity in the Environmental clearance or NOC Obtained from SPCB 4 Modern up-to-date Asbestos plant with automatic bag opening devices should be installed of Chapter -2 in REIA report. 5 The safety measures adopted during import and transport of Asbestos from Canada or any other country should be included. The details regarding Raw material Handling is furnished in Page: 2-7 to 2-8 The details regarding transport of raw material are furnished in Page: 2-8 to 2-14 of Chapter -2 in REIA report. 6 Present land use of study area for 10 Km radius should be included. Detailed topographical map indicating drainage pattern and other features of the area should also be included. 7 Proposal should be submitted to the Ministry for environment clearance only after acquiring total land. Necessary documents indicating acquisition of land viz. lease deed, allotment letter should be included High-resolution satellite image data having 8 1m-5m spatial resolution like quickbird, Ikonos, IRS P-6 pan sharpened etc. for the 10 km radius area from proposed site should be incorporated. The same should be used for land used /land-cover mapping of the area. 9 Project site layout plan, raw materials, fly ash and other storage plans, bore well or water storage, aquifers (within 1 Km.) dumping, waste disposal, green areas, water bodies, rivers/drainage passing through the project site should be included. 10 Cumulative data base of last 2-3 yrs. for emissions e.g. aerosols size, optical depth, CO, CO2, surface and air temperature, NO, CH4, anions / cations / trace metals as given below in surface/subsurface water with present GW level and its fluctuation for last 5-10 yrs from CGWB Please refer to ANNEXURE 4 for Material Handling & Safety. Please refer to Page No of Chapter-3 of REIA report for Present land use of study area for 10 Km radius. Topographical map of the Study area with all the topographic features is furnished in Page-2-3 of Chapter-2 of REIA report. The total land is under acquisition of Management. Expansion will be within the existing site. A Copy of Land documents are enclosed as ANNEXURE -9. Please refer to Page No to 3-22 of Chapter-3 of REIA report for Present land use of study area for 10 Km radius. Please refer to ANNEXURE 6 for Plant Lay-out. Please refer to Page No of Chapter-3 of REIA report for existing data. Please refer to ANNEXURE 5 for Last 2 year s emission details of Existing plant. 1 P a g e

16 REIA report ; TOR Compliance 11 For the project lying within 10 km radius of any major river, Flood Hazard Zonation Mapping is required at 1:5000 to 1;10,000 scale indicating the peak and lean river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency. 12 Geo-technical data by a bore hole of upto 40 mts. in every One sq. km area such as ground water level, SPTN values, soil fineness, geology, shear wave velocity etc. for liquefaction studies. This will help making a future Seismic Hazard and Earthquake Risk Management area. 13 Site-specific micro-meteorological data including inversion height and mixing height should be included 14 Details of the other industries located in 10 km radius should be included 15 One season baseline data on air, Water, soil & Noise etc should be included. 16 A chapter on chemistry of asbestos, handling of asbestos material, precautions proposed for the direct contact, arrangements made for storage and monitoring of asbestos fibres etc. other details as per given below: i. Size of silica sand, transportation, storage, spillway of melt and temperature management for float glass and mirror Industry along with silicosis management and toxicity studies and management for Ag etc. ii. Source and location of Asbestos (GPS) even if imported, size in F/ml, levels in environment, Chemical composition of raw material as especially amount of Tremolite, Crocidolite, Amosite and other amphiboles, Hexavalent chromium in raw material especially in serpentine, talc and chrysotile, Electron microscopy, XRD and Raman Spectra studies. iii. Health Management Plan for Mesothalmia, Lung cancer and Asbestosis related problems in asbestos industries. NOT APPLICABLE as there is no major river is flowing within the Study area. Wira is a stream (non-perennial) is present at a distance of 7.7 Kms. From the existing plant. It is not a major river. Therefore Flood Hazard Zonation mapping is not carried out. Please refer to Page No of Chapter-3 of REIA report for Present land use of study area for 10 Km radius. Kindly refer to page no. 3-1 to 3-3 of Chapter - 3 for site specific micro - meteorological data. Kindly refer to page no. 1-4 of Chapter- 1 for list of industries. The Baseline data of the Study area is furnished in Page 3-4 to 3-19 & to 3-24 of Chapter-3 of REIA report. The details regarding chemistry of asbestos, handling of asbestos material, precautions proposed for the direct contact, arrangements made for storage are furnished in Page:2-5 to 2-15 of Chapter -2 in REIA report. Please refer to Page:6-3 of Chapter - 6 in REIA report for Arrangements made for monitoring of asbestos fibres etc. NOT applicable as the proposed project is Asbestos sheet manufacturing Unit. Please refer to Page:2-4 to 2-7 of Chapter -2 in REIA report for Raw material Analysis. Health Management Plan in Asbestos Industry is furnished in Page-7-11 to 7-12 of Chapter -7 of REIA report. Please refer to ANNEXURE 8 for health reports of the employees. 2 P a g e

17 REIA report ; TOR Compliance 17 Petrological and Chemical analysis and other chemical properties of raw materials used (with GPS location of source of raw material) i.e. ores, minerals, rock, soil, coal, iron, dolomite quartz etc. using high definition and precision instruments mentioning their detection range and methodology such Digital Analyzers, AAS with Graphite furnace, ICPMS, MICRO- WDXRF, EPMA, XRD, Nano studies or at least as per I and WHO norms. These analysis should include trace element and metal studies like Cr (vi) Ni, Fe, As, Pb, Zn, Hg, Se, S etc. Presence of radioactive elements (U, Th etc.), 18 Petrography, grain size analysis and Major element analysis of raw material and soil from project site and raw material should be done on the same parameters along with analysis for SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MnO, K2O, CaO, FeO, Fe2O3, P2O5, H2O, CO2. 19 If the rocks, ores, raw material has trace elements their petrography, ore microscopy, XRD, elemental mapping EPMA, XRF is required to quantify the amount present in it and hence future risk involved while using it and management plan. 20 Mode of transport of raw materials from sources are to be shown. All the trucks for raw material and finished product transportation must be Environmentally Compliant 21 Studies are also required for fly ash, much disposal, slurry, sludge material and solid waste generated if the raw materials used has trace elements and a management plan. 22 Air quality modelling for the Asbestos handling system. Ambient air quality monitoring modelling alongwith cumulative impact. Following are to be included as an annexure for the day (24 hrs) considered for maximum GLC: Chemical analysis and other chemical properties of raw materials used are furnished in Page:2-4 to 2-7 of Chapter - 2 in REIA report. Please refer to ANNEXURE 7 for Analysis of Asbestos Fibre. The fibre analysis of Russian Import Fibre has been done with an Existing similar company. We will also using the same Russian fibre. Please refer to ANNEXURE 7 for Analysis of Asbestos Fibre. Please refer to ANNEXURE 7 for Analysis of Asbestos Fibre. Mode of transport of raw materials like Cement and Fly ash are to be carried out by closed tankers or covered trucks. Asbestos Fibre in palletized form with sealed bags and closed containers. Finished products i.e. A.C. Sheets are carried out in trucks. Kindly refer to page no. 2-4 & 2-9 to 2-15 of Chapter-2 for list of raw material and their source along with mode of transportation. Slurry, sludge material and solid waste generated are part of process and will be fully recycled. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter -10 of REIA report. The details regarding Air quality modelling for the Asbestos unit alongwith cumulative impact are furnished in Page-4-2 to 4-4 of Chapter- 4 of REIA Report. 3 P a g e

18 REIA report ; TOR Compliance i. Emissions (g/second) with and without the air pollution control measures Present Stack and Ambient air monitoring data shown in ANNEXURE-5 ii. Meteorological inputs (wind speed, m/s), wind direction, ambient air temperature, cloud cover, relative humidity & mixing height) on hourly basis iii. Model input options for terrain, plume rise, deposition etc. iv. Print-out of model input and output on hourly and daily average basis v. A graph of daily averaged concentration (MGLC scenario) with downwind distance at every 500 m interval covering the exact location of GLC vi. Details of air pollution control methods used with percentage efficiency that are used for emission rate estimation with respect to each pollutant vii. Applicable air quality standards as per LULC covered in the study area and % contribution of the proposed plant to the applicable Air quality standard. In case of expansion project, the contribution should be inclusive of both existing and expanded capacity. viii. No. I-VII are to be repeated for fugitive emissions and any other source type relevant and used for industry ix. Graphs of monthly average daily concentration with down-wind distance x. Specify when and where the ambient air quality standards are exceeded either due to the proposed plant alone or when the plant contribution is added to the background air quality. xi. Fugitive dust protection or dust reduction technology for workers within 30 m of the plant active areas. xii. Existing stack emission data and fibre concentration in the work zone. 23 Sources of secondary emissions, its control and monitoring as per the CPCB guidelines 24 Chemical characterization of RSPM and incorporation of RSPM data. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction. 25 Action plan to follow National Ambient Air Quality Emission Standards issued by the Ministry vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009 should be included. Details are furnished in Page-3-1 to 3-3 of Chapter-3 of REIA Report. Kindly refer to ANNEXURE -10. Kindly refer to page no to 10-5 of Chapter -10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to ANNEXURE -10. All the existing air quality Concentrations in the study area well within the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) stipulated by MoEF since the plant commences the operation. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter -10 of REIA report Please refer to ANNEXURE -5 for details of existing stack emission data. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter -10 of REIA report Kindly refer to page no. 3-9 of Chapter- 3 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 3-4 of Chapter- 3 of REIA report. 26 Action plan for rainwater harvesting Kindly refer to page no of 4 P a g e

19 REIA report ; TOR Compliance measures at plant site should be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. Rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures may also be constructed outside the plant premises in consultation with local Gram Panchayat and Village Heads to augment the ground water level. Incorporation of water harvesting plan for the project is necessary, if source of water is bore well. 27 Actual source and permission for the drawl of water from the concerned authority and water balance data including quantity of effluent generated, recycled and reused and discharged is to be provided. Methods adopted/to be adopted for the water conservation should be included Chapter-10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 4-4 to 4-5 of Chapter-4 for Source of water & water balance cycle. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter-10 for methods adopted for water conservation. As its falling in SAFE ZONE area as per CGWB the permission does not required. 28 Ground water monitoring minimum at 8 locations should be included. 29 Scheme for proper storage of asbestos fibres and disposal of solid/hazardous waste should be included. 30 Presence of aquifer/aquifers within 1 km of the project boundaries should be included. Management plan for recharging the aquifer should be given so as to limit the water extraction within permissible limit of CWC or CGWB should be included. 31 Source of surface/ground water level, site (GPS), cation, anion (Ion Chromatograph), metal trace element (as above) chemical analysis for water to be used. If surface water is used from river, rainfall, discharge rate, quantity, drainage and distance from project site should also be included. 32 Ground water analysis with bore well data, litho-logs, drawdown and recovery tests to quantify the area and volume of aquifer and its management should be included. Water balance is shown in EIA page no. 4-5 of Chapter-4. Kindly refer to page no to 3-18 of Chapter 3 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 2-7 of Chapter- 2 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter -3 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter -10 of REIA report. As it s falling in SAFE ZONE area as per CGWB the permission does not required. The water required for the proposed expansion project will be met from groundwater sources; no surface water will be used. Kindly refer to page no to 3-18 of Chapter - 3 of REIA report chemical analysis for water. Kindly refer to page no to 3-18 of Chapter - 3 of REIA report chemical analysis for water. 5 P a g e

20 REIA report ; TOR Compliance 33 Ground water modeling showing the pathways of the pollutants should be included 34 Column leachate study for all types of stockpiles or waste disposal sites, at 20oC- 50oC should be conducted and included. 35 All samplings for water have to be done during the peak summer time (Sampling number, dates and standard deviation should be included. 36 Incorporation of water harvesting plan for the project is necessary, if source of water is bore well should be ensured. 37 Provision of traps and treatment plants are to be made, if water is getting mixed with oil, grease and cleaning agents should be included. 38 If the water is mixed with solid particulates, proposal for sediment pond before further transport should be included. The sediment pond capacity should be 100 times the transport capacity. 39 Wastewater characteristics (heavy metals, anions and cations, trace metals, PAH) from asbestos bearing effluent should be included. 40 The pathways for pollution via seepages, evaporation, residual remains are to be studied for surface water (drainage, rivers, ponds, lakes), sub-surface and ground water with a monitoring and management plans should be included. 41 All stock piles should be on top of a stable liner to avoid leaching of materials to ground water. 42 The green belt should be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the traveling roads should also be incorporated. All rooftops/terraces should have some green cover. 43 The details of green belt plan along SE direction of the plant area 44 Disaster Management Plan including risk assessment and damage control needs to be addressed and included. 45 Occupational health a) Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of above mentioned hazards and whether Not applicable as proposed project is a Zero Effluent discharge plant. Only sanitary waste will be generated, which will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. We are not going to have any waste disposal sites so this is Not Applicable. However please refer to page no of Chapter- 10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no to 3-18 of Chapter - 3 of REIA report chemical analysis for water. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter- 10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter- 10 of REIA report. As the proposed plant is Zero effluent discharge plant. However the Wastewater mixed with solid particles will be directly recycled to the process. Kindly refer to page no. 4-6 of Chapter- 4 of REIA report. Not applicable as proposed project is a Zero Effluent discharge plant. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter- 10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no to 10-9 of Chapter -10 of REIA report. Please refer to ANNEXURE 6 showing Greenbelt development plan in Plant layout. Kindly refer to Chapter-7 of REIA report. Kindly refer to Page no of Chapter- 7 of REIA report. 6 P a g e

21 REIA report ; TOR Compliance they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, b) Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of abovementioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. c) Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 46 Detailed action plan for compliance of the directions of the Hon ble Supreme Court of India regarding occupational health and safety measures in asbestos industries should be included 47 Detailed description of the flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) should be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. 48 Compliance to the recommendations mentioned in the CREP guidelines should be included. 49 An action plan on entire operation should be automatic and closed system for all operations for fibre handling and processing should be included. 50 Details of arrangement for measurement and monitoring of asbestos fibre (Phase contrast microscope) should be provided should be included. 51 Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air pollution control system water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure should be provided. Kindly refer to ANNEXURE 5 for fibre concentration in work zone in existing plant. Please refer to ANNEXURE 8 for Health reports of the workers in the existing plant. Kindly refer to Page no of chapter-10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no to 3-29 of Chapter -3 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no of chapter- 10 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no of Chapter- 10 of REIA report. Full fledged in house facilities available in the existing Plant. Kindly refer to page no. 6-3 of Chapter- 6 of REIA report. Please refer Chapter- 10 of REIA report for detailed Environment management Plan (EMP). 52 EMP should include the concept of wasteminimization, Please refer Chapter- 10 of REIA report recycle/reuse/recovery for detailed Environment management techniques, Energy conservation, and Plan (EMP). natural resource conservation. 53 EMP should include a clear map for Kindly refer to page no to 10-9 of 7 P a g e

22 REIA report ; TOR Compliance plantation/green belt 54 Commitment that laboratory for monitoring asbestos fibres will be established at the site. 55 At least 5 % of the total cost of the project should be earmarked towards the corporate social responsibility and item-wise details along with time bound action plan should be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 56 Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof should also be included. Chapter -10 of REIA report. Please refer to ANNEXURE 6 for Plant layout showing Greenbelt development plan. Full-fledged in house facilities available in the existing Plant. Kindly refer to page no. 6-2 of Chapter- 6 of REIA report. Kindly refer to page no. 8-1 of Chapter- 8 of REIA report. NOT APPLICABLE as there is no any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any court of law against the proposed expansion project. 8 P a g e

23 REIA report ; Chapter # 1 CHAPTER I Introduction 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT M/s. Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) has proposed to go for expansion of the existing Corrugated cement fibre sheet plant capacity from the existing 1, 20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA within the existing plant area of 35 acres, near Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal,Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. The total capacity of the plant after expansion will be 2, 40,000 TPA. As per the Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi notification, dated 14 th September, 2006 Asbestos Cement Sheet & Accessories unit is classified under Category A. M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED has proposed to enhance the production capacity of Asbestos cement sheets & Accessories unit. The expansion will be taken up in the existing plant premises situated at Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal,Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. The Hon ble Ministry has accorded Terms of Reference (TOR) for the proposed expansion project vide letter no. J / 341 / 2010 IA - II (I), dated and Draft EIA Report has been prepared by incorporating the TOR stipulated by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi & submitted to Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board (APPCB) for conducting Public hearing. Accordingly APPCB has conducted Public Hearing on and ended on a positive note. Final EIA report has been prepared incorporating proceedings of Public Hearing & its Compliance. The Environmental Impact Assessment Report furnishes the details of location of Site, Description of the project, prevailing baseline status w.r.t Air Environment, Water Environment, Noise Environment; land Environment, Flora & Fauna and Socio-economic environment. This report also helps in identification of environmental impacts and suggesting mitigation measures to be followed during Construction and Operation of the project as part of Environmental Management Plan. This report also acts as guidance manual for the proponent for following the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and for adopting post project Environmental Monitoring Program as per statutory norms. 1-1 P a g e

24 REIA report ; Chapter # IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT M/s.Visaka Industries was established in 1981 to manufacture corrugated cement fiber sheets. With the initial production capacity of of 36,000 tons per year, the first factory from the VISAKA group, set up in Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh commenced the commercial production of the cement sheets in Dr.G.Vivekanand is the promoter Vice Chairman of the company. Mrs. Saroja Vivekanand is the promoter Managing Director of the company. 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION NATURE OF THE PROJECT Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet Plant is based on fully automated closed system by adopting Hatschek Process (Wet System) which is more commercially viable and is currently in use in the majority of the Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet plants in India. This process is adopted in many countries and it is proposed to introduce the same process with latest development in the technology and machines. The raw materials required are Cement, Fly Ash, Asbestos Fibres & Pulp SIZE OF THE PROJECT M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD [VIL] has been operating an Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant of 1,20,000 TPA capacity at Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal, Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. Now it has been proposed to enhance the production capacity from 1,20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant in the existing plant premises. The estimated project cost of the proposed expansion of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2, 40,000 TPA is Rs 25.0 crores of which Rs 50.0 lakhs will be incurred towards implementation of Environmental Management Plan. The following products are proposed to be manufactured Name of product Existing Expansion After Expansion Asbestos Cement 1,20,000 TPA 1,20,000 TPA 2,40,000 TPA Corrugated Sheets 1-2 P a g e

25 REIA report ; Chapter # 1 The plant consists of the following Sections S.No Sections 1 Feeding Sections for Raw materials 2 Sheet Forming Section 3 Corrugation Section 4 De stacking section 5 Curing & dispatch LOCATION OF THE PROJECT The project is proposed to be located in Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal, Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. The company has acquired about 36.7 acres of land & the expansion will be taken up in the same premises only. The following factors have been considered for selecting the existing unit. a) Availability of suitable and adequate facilities. b) Availability of water. c) Availability of raw materials. d) Availability of man power. e) Availability of infrastructural facilities f) Proximity to Markets g) Suitability of land from geological and topographical aspects. h) The following Environmental aspects The following are the Co-ordinates of the Plant site. Latitude N Longitude E The proposed project area does not fall under the industrial areas / cluster, which are listed in MoEF office memorandum dated 13th January Nearest village is Chinnaraopalem at a distance of 0.7 KM & Jujjuru Village is at a distance of 1.5 KM. from the Existing Plant. NH - 9 connecting Vijayawada to Hyderabad is at a distance of 10.0 KM. from the project site. No National Parks / Sanctuaries are situated within 10 KM. radius of the Project site. The nearest railway station is Gangineni Railway Station which is at 8 KM. from the site. Kondapalli R.F is situated at a distance of 2.7 KM. from the plant. 1-3 P a g e

26 REIA report ; Chapter # 1 No forest land is involved in the plant site. Wira river is flowing at distance of 7.7 KM from the Existing plant. The following Industries are situated within 10 KM. Radius of the plant. (TOR # 14) M/s. Sentini Bio-products Pvt. Ltd. M/s. Sahyadri Industries Ltd. (Swastik Group) M/s. Energy Leaders (India) Ltd The proposed site is in accordance with MoEF guidelines. A map showing general location of the proposed site is shown in Fig P a g e

27 REIA report ; Chapter # 1 General Location of the Project PROJECT SITE 1-5 P a g e

28 REIA report ; Chapter # 1 Existing Plant Scale 1:50,000 Existing Plant 1-6 P a g e

29 REIA report ; Chapter # IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT Asbestos based products play a vital role in the growth of the key and priority sectors of the Indian economy. Asbestos cement sheets go a long way to achieve national goals of providing low-cost and cost-effective domestic and industrial shelters, Poultry forms, Industrial Sheds etc. with an equitable social cost. With the 10 % growth of Population every year, the demand for AC Sheets also is increasing year by year. Hence, there is a need to set up new units every year, to cater to the needs of demand growth. By this expansion we can improve the economic & social conditions of the area by providing employment and other facilities. Considering the demand of Asbestos sheets in India and the experience gained by the group in this sector, M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED has decided to expand the production capacity of Asbestos Cement sheet manufacturing plant in Jujjuru (V) Veerulapadu (M), Krishna (D), Andhra Pradesh SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of work includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10 KM. radius of the plant for various environmental parameters like air, water, noise, land, biological and social-economic aspects. 1-7 P a g e

30 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 CHAPTER II Project Description 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT The proposed expansion Project involves manufacturing of Asbestos sheet manufacturing by Optimizing the plant and machinery to achieve the expanded capacity using Cement, Asbestos Fibres, Fly Ash and Pulp as raw materials. 2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT Asbestos based products play a vital role in the growth of the key and priority sectors of the Indian economy. Asbestos cement sheets go a long way to achieve national goals of providing low-cost and cost-effective domestic and industrial shelters, Poultry forms, Industrial Sheds etc. with an equitable social cost. With the 10 % growth of Population, every year, the demand for AC Sheets also is increasing year by year. Hence, there is a need to set up new units every year, to cater to the needs of demand growth. In light of above, VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED has proposed to expand the production capacity of existing Asbestos sheet manufacturing plant in Andhra Pradesh. 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED has proposed to increase the production capacity of Asbestos cement sheets & Accessories unit in Jujjuru (V) & Veerulapadu (M), Krishna (D), Andhra Pradesh. The proponents have taken due care while selecting the site for existing unit. No additional land is required for the proposed expansion project. The following is the Land Classification & Land use statement: 2-1 P a g e

31 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 Item TABLE 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF LAND PROPOSED TYPE OF LAND EXTENT OF LAND (IN ACRES) Forest Nil Govt. Land Nil Private Land 35 TOTAL 35 The total land is under acquisition of Management. TABLE 2.2 LAND USE STATEMENT Existing (Acres) Proposed Expansion (Acres) Total After Expansion (Acres) Plant & Machinery Store room/yard Internal Roads Green belt Open Space Total The proposed expansion project will be taken up in the existing plant premises only & which is well in accordance with the guidelines issued by MoEF. The topographical map showing the location of the proposed site is shown in fig (TOR # 6). 2-2 P a g e

32 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 Existing Plant Scale 1:50,000 Existing Plant Fig: P a g e

33 REIA report ; Chapter # SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD [VIL] has been operating an Asbestos Fibre Cement Sheets & Accessories manufacturing unit of 1,20,000 TPA capacity at Jujjuru Village, Veerulapadu Mandal, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. Now it has been proposed to increase the production capacity from 1,20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA of Asbestos Fibre Cement Sheets in the existing plant premises. The plant consists of the following Sections S.No Sections 1 Feeding Sections for Raw materials 2 Sheet Forming Section 3 Corrugation Section 4 De stacking section 5 Curing & dispatch 2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION The production enhancement will be implemented immediately after obtaining Statutory clearances from MoEF & APPCB. 2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION RAW MATERIALS (TOR # 16, 17 & 20) The raw materials used for the manufacture of AC sheets are: i. Asbestos fibre (Chrysotile) ii. iii. iv. Cellulose pulp / wood pulp Cement Fly ash S.No. The following will be the raw material requirement for the proposed project. [TOR # 16 (ii)] Raw Materials Quantity Mt/Month Existing Proposed Total Expansion after Expansion Source 1 Asbestos Fibre Imported from Brazil, Canada, Russia Mode of transportation By Ship up to the Chennai port, then by road (Closed containers) 2 Cement-OPC Cement plants By Road (Closed containers) 3 Fly Ash Thermal Power Plants By road (in Closed 2-4 P a g e

34 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 containers) 4 Pulp Local Markets By Road (Covered Trucks) Total a) Asbestos Fibre (Chrysotile) [TOR # 16 & 16 (ii)] Asbestos is defined as fibrous form of mineral silicates belonging to the serpentine type group of Rock forming minerals. Asbestos dust is defined as air borne particles of asbestos or settled particle of asbestos which may become air borne in the working environment, Respirable asbestos fibre is defined as a particle of asbestos with a diameter of less than 3 microns & of which the length is at least 3 times the diameter. Typical Chemical Analysis Results of Asbestos Fibre (analysis by LUCID) The fibre analysis of Import Fibre has been done with an Existing similar company. Please refer to ANNEXURE 7 for Analysis of Asbestos Fibre. Formula: 3MgO 2 SiO 2 2H 2 O: The soft silky Chrysotile fibre exhibit excellent flexibility & tensile strength which makes highly suitable as a reinforcing material. Chrysotile fibre is imported, packed in impervious HDPE bags. Fibre bags are stored in a separate go-down with further safety measure of total enclosure. BLUE ASBESTOS FIBRE will not be used. b) Pulp Cotton rag pulp is used to improve the process of sheet manufacturing. 2-5 P a g e

35 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 c) Cement Cement will be input to the asbestos-cement process, cement must have a profound influence on the quality of the product and the management of the process. It is generally accepted that the most suitable for asbestos-cement production is that called Ordinary Portland Cement as defined in National and international standards. A Varian Model AA-775 double-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer with background corrector, microprocessor control and digital display was used in this study. d) Fly Ash Chemical Analysis Results of OPC Sample of Existing Plant Parameters Result (%) OPC LOI 1.72 SiO AI 2 O Fe 2 O CaO MgO 0.92 Na 2 O 0.3 K 2 O 0.25 Insoluble Residue 0.72 SO TiO Mn 2 O Cr Ni Pb <0.001 Zn The total requirement of fly ash for the proposed plant will be met by nearby Power Plants such as Vijayawada Thermal Power Station (VTPS). Fly ash, a byproduct from thermal power stations using pulverized coal, is pozzolonic in character and is used in the manufacture of asbestos cement (a/c) products. The chemical composition of fly ash broadly consists of SiO 2 (55-65%), Al 2 O 3 (15-30%), Fe 2 O 3 ( 4 to 6%), besides un-burnt carbon and small amounts of CaO, alkalis and sulphates. The method used for the analysis of the heavy metals was atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The following is the composition of fly ash along with heavy metals. Chemical Analysis Results of Fly Ash Sample analyzed from existing plant Parameters Result (%) Flyash LOI P a g e

36 SiO 2 AI 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 CaO MgO Na 2 O K 2 O Insoluble Residue SO 3 TiO 2 Mn 2 O 3 Cr Ni Pb Zn REIA report ; Chapter # 2 e) Raw Mix Design The quality of fly ash produced and collected in the last tow hoppers of the ESP in the thermal plant is of very high quality with highest reactivity. Use of this fly ash along with Cement will produce a very high quality AC sheets with the highest possible breaking load in AC sheets comparable with any of the AC sheet manufacturing plants in India or abroad. A typical rawmix design for the preparation of the asbestos fibre-cement fly ash mixture is as follows. Raw Mix Design (Approximate) White Chrysotile Asbestos fibre Grade 4/ Grade 5/ Grade 6 11 % Cement 43 Grade/ 53 Grade 54 % Fly ash 34 % Pulp 1.0 % Total 100% RAW MATERIAL STORAGE & HANDLING (TOR # 4, 16,17, 29 & 49 ) All the raw materials will be stored in designated storage areas. Incoming raw materials viz., Cement, Fly Ash, Asbestos Fibre & Pulp will be stored in their respective stockyards in silos/closed sheds, etc. Asbestos fibre will be brought on pallets with shrink wrap in impermeable plastic pressure packed bags. Handling of Asbestos: The fibre bags will be received on pallets Properly packed in plastic cover & with wooden base at bottom which can be easily handled with forklift & unloaded in separate fibre godown, As per requirement the fibre pallets are transferred to bag opening device where the bags are automatically opened (the fibre will be conveyed to wet grinding by means of close screw conveyors) in Bag Opening Device (BOD) under negative suction any airborne asbestos is 2-7 P a g e

37 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 sucked & it will be collected in bag filter which will be reused in the process. Hereafter the process will be wet & further it will be mixed with cement in wet condition only. Automatic handling / opening of Asbestos Fiber bags System Chrysotile fibre will be handled in the process in an enclosed chamber; Bags will be opened in closed bag openers and fibres will be debagged automatically. Wet condition in the mill restricts fibre floatation in the atmosphere. Automatic handling / opening of asbestos fiber bags system has already been provided which is adequate to handle the expansion capacity TRANSPORATION OF RAW MATERIALS (TOR # 5,16,17 & 20) Source & Location of Asbestos: Asbestos is being & will be sourced from Canada, Russia, Brazil, & Zimbabwe as these are the Fibre producing countries. 2-8 P a g e

38 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 From mine to Manufacturing facility (Packaging Chrysotile Fibre) 2-9 P a g e

39 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 Well Sealed Chrysotile Bags at Manufacturing Facility 2-10 P a g e

40 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 From Manufacturing facility to the Port 2-11 P a g e

41 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 LOADING IN TRUCKS IN IMPERMEABLE, DUST PROOF BAGS 2-12 P a g e

42 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 READY TO TRANSPORT TO THE PORT 2-13 P a g e

43 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 LOADED IN THE SHIP 2-14 P a g e

44 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 Normally white chrysotile asbestos comes packed in impermeable bags, After receiving in factory these pallets are properly unloaded in fibre go-down & every day cleaning in go-down will be carried out with vacuum cleaners & wet mopping to avoid any dust generation. The desirable quantity of Cement will be procured from the Cement Plants located near by the project site. Cement will be transported through closed containers up to the site. The total requirement of fly ash for the proposed plant will be met by nearby Power Plants. Such as Vijayawada Thermal Power Station or Kothagudem Thermal Power Station etc. Fly ash will be transported through closed containers up to the site. All trucks required for transportation of raw materials and products will be covered. Pucca road exist upto the site. All the trucks for raw material and finished product transportation will be environmentally complied. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on environment due to transportation of raw materials and products MANUFACTURING PROCESS Process of Asbestos Cement Sheets & Accessories The manufacturing process of fiber cement products is based on classical wet Hatschek process wherein the Chrysotile Asbestos Fiber and Pulp is mixed with Portland cement and Fly Ash in aqueous condition. A blend of Asbestos Fiber of different grades will be wet ground in Edge Runner Mill and then fed to a Hydro Disintegrator where approximately 35 times (of weight of fiber) of water will be fed. In the wet opener the fiber slurry will further be opened by continuous churning. Later Fiber slurry will be fed to a mixer. Required quantities of fly ash (after converting it into slurry form) and wood/cotton pulp will also be fed to the Mixer. Fixed quantity of cement is sent to mixer where all raw materials are continuously agitated. The raw material slurry will be fed to sheeting machine, which consists of 5 / 6 /7 vats with rotating sieve cylinders and an endless felt moving over the sieves tangentially. In brief, the asbestos cement film will be transferred to cylinder from slurry in vats which in turn will be transferred to felt. From felt, Asbestos cement (A.C.) film will be transferred and accumulated in a rotating drum. At different points in the felt suction line will be provided which dewaters the asbestos cement film. As soon as the desired thickness is achieved, it will be automatically 2-15 P a g e

45 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 cut off from the drum. Plain sheet thus formed will be taken to atmospheric corrugators where each sheet is, after corrugation, kept sandwiched between two steel templates. These sheets after hours will be stripped from the templates. Templates are segregated and recycled while cement sheets will be taken for curing and dispatch. A line diagram/flow sheet for the process and EMP is shown as Fig: P a g e

46 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 Fig: P a g e

47 REIA report ; Chapter # ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES 1. AIR EMISSION CONTROL All the laws, regulations and norms regarding use and handling of asbestos are being followed strictly and same will be continued after expansion also. The asbestos dust generation is likely at the following operations: During the cutting of pressure packed asbestos bags either manually or mechanically. While feeding the opened asbestos fibre bags to the charger of the mill. While milling the fibre. To control the dust during the cutting process the charger is enclosed from all sides with front access. The shutter is provided at the entry point so that shutter closes after bag enters closed chamber. The following measures are being implemented for air emission control and same will be followed after expansion also. 1. The bag opening device and Edge mill is connected with Dust Extraction system provided with Bag filter with Auto Cleaning system. The air comes out from filter bags, connected to Air Wet washer & finally let out through chimney of Adequate Height. The out let dust emission will be less than 0.2 fibre /cc. 2. Dust Collection with bag filters & Auto cleaning system has already been provided at Fibre, Cement & Fly ash feeding sections which are sufficient after Expansion also. 3. Bags containing asbestos fibre are stored in enclosed area to avoid fugitive emission of asbestos fibre from damaged bags, if any and the similar practice will be continued after expansion also. All the norms of MOEF / CPCB will be strictly followed during operation of the plant. During the operation phase of the plant, fugitive dust emissions will be controlled to the extent possible by the following methods: All the internal roads are made Pucca. Regular water sprinkler will be done on the roads. Unpaved areas in the plant will be covered by grass. Water sprays are installed at transfer points to suppress dust due to transport of material Extensive greenbelt has already taken up all around the plant area to further reduce the emissions P a g e

48 REIA report ; Chapter # 2 2. WASTEWATER MANAGMENT No process water will be discharged outside the premises, as the entire process effluent will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process as per CPCB norms in the existing plant. And the similar practice will be done after expansion also. Zero effluent discharge is being adopted. 3. NOISE POLLUTION The major noise levels will be confined to the working zones of the plant. Ear plugs will be provided to all employees who will enter into the noise prone areas. 4. SOLID WASTE Entire solid waste generated including process, sheet cuttings, rejects, dust from bag filters will be recycled and reused in the manufacturing process. The cut and damaged fibre bags are being & will be immediately repaired with adhesive tape to ensure no spillages. The empty bags of the fibre are shredded to convert in fine particles and are used in the process along with raw material. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste generation from the proposed expansion project. 2.8 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL FAILURE Asbestos Cement sheets & Accessories manufacturing technologies are well proven technologies all over the world. Hence there will not be any risk of technological failure from the proposed expansion project P a g e

49 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 CHAPTER III Description of Environment (Baseline Environmental Status) This chapter gives an idea and description of environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The general study area covers 10 Km. radius of the plant. The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as ambient air quality, ground water quality, noise levels, land environment, land use pattern, flora & fauna and socio economic aspects within the study zone of 10 Km. radius. The baseline data has been collected from November 2010 to January AIR ENVIRONMENT METEOROLOGY Meteorology of the study area plays an important role in the air pollution studies. The prevailing micro meteorological conditions at the plant will regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and the wind speed will decide the direction and distance of the most affected zone from the proposed expansion activity. The meteorological data collected during the monitoring period is very useful in interpretation of baseline data as input for dispersion models for predicting the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC). Annual Rainfall The area receives a total Average annual rainfall of 1030 mm METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT SITE [TOR # 13 & 22 (ii)] A Temporary Weather Monitoring Station was installed at the site and temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and rainfall were recorded for one season (November 2010 to January 2011). Cloud cover During the winter and post monsoon seasons it was observed that the skies are generally very clear. In the pre monsoon season generally light clouds were observed in the evenings with clear mornings. During the monsoon season both in the mornings & evenings the skies were found to be cloudy. 3-1 P a g e

50 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Temperature The maximum and minimum temperatures recorded during the study period were 35.3 C and 29.5 C respectively. The relative humidity recorded during the study period ranged between 83% and 52%. SITE-SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGICAL DATA S.No. Time Wind Direction Wind Speed (m/s) Ambient Temp. (Kelvin) Stability Class Mixing Height (m) 1 1:00:00 CALM :00:00 SE :00:00 E :00:00 E :00:00 SE :00:00 E :00:00 E :00:00 NE :00:00 SE :00:00 E :00:00 E :00:00 NE :00:00 NE :00:00 NE :00:00 E :00:00 E :00:00 N :00:00 NE :00:00 NE :00:00 N :00:00 NE :00:00 SE :00:00 S :00:00 CALM Wind Pattern at Project Site during the study period The predominant wind directions were E and NE with percentage frequencies of 35.4% and 28.6% of the total time respectively. The other dominant wind directions were SE, N, S, and NW with percentage frequencies of 15.5%, 10.7%, 3.5% and 1.4% of the total time respectively. The most dominant wind direction was E in which wind speeds of 0-5 km/hr, 5-10 km/hr, km/hr and >15 Km/hr were recorded for 21.9%, 9.6%, 2.5% and 1.4% of the total time respectively. Calm conditions prevailed for 4.9% of the total time. The wind rose diagram at site is shown in fig P a g e

51 REIA report ; Chapter # P a g e

52 REIA report ; Chapter # AIR QUALITY (TOR # 15) The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 Km. radius around the plant site forms the baseline information. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The various sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads. The Prime objective of baseline air quality survey is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful is assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the plant operation SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS The base line status of the ambient air quality can be assessed through scientifically designed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network. The selection of sampling locations in the air quality surveillance program is based on the following. (a) Representation of project site. (b) Representation of down wind direction. (c) Representation of cross sectional distribution in the down wind direction. (d) Representation of residential areas. (e) Representation of regional background levels. 7 nos. of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations were established with in the study zone of the plant in accordance with CPCB guidelines. The sampling locations and their distances are shown in Table and in fig 3.2 The Max., Min., Avg., and 98 th percentile values for all the sampling locations for PM 2.5, PM 10, SPM, SO 2 and NO X are shown in Table to & Asbestos Fibre count concentrations are shown in Table PARAMETERS MONITORED (TOR # 25) At each Monitoring Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ), Particulate Matter (PM 10 ), Suspended Particulate Matter, SO 2 & NO X are monitored and also present status of Asbestos Fibre count monitored. The sampling was carried out for 2 days in a week for three months (November 2010 to January 2011) to assess the existing status of air pollution and pollution dispersion pattern over the whole air basin of plant. PM 2.5, PM 10, SPM, SO 2, NO X & Asbestos Fibre count are sampled as per Ministry notification vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 16 th November, P a g e

53 REIA report ; Chapter # SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING APM 550 dust sampler is used for monitoring PM 10, PM 2.5, SPM, SO 2, NOx. PM 10 & PM 2.5 are estimated by gravimetric method, West & Gaeke method (IS 5182, part III 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO 2, Jacob Hochheiser method (IS 5182, part IV, 1975) has been adopted for estimation of NOx & Asbestos Fibre count is estimated on membrane filter method and using Phase contrast Microscope (IS: ) Calibration Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The Calibration is carried out when new absorbing solutions are prepared. TABLE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS S. No. Station Direction Distance in Kms. w.r.t. Site A-1 Existing Plant A-2 Jujjuru W 1.5 A-3 Rangapuram SE 2.0 A-4 Chinnaraopalem N 0.7 A-5 Narasimhavaripalem SW 2.5 A-6 Vellanki W 7.0 A-7 Alluru NE P a g e

54 REIA report ; Chapter # Existing Plant 3 Existing Plant Scale 1:50,000 Monitoring Stations P a g e

55 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Existing plant Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Jujjuru Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Rangapuram Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Chinnaraopalem Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X P a g e

56 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Narasimhavaripalem Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X TABLE Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Sampling Location: Vellanki Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X TABLE Sampling Location: Alluru Sampling Period: Nov 2010 to Jan 2011 Unit : g /m 3 Parameter Maximum Minimum 98 th percentile PM PM SO NO X The 98 th percentile PM 2.5 concentration recorded at the Existing Plant is 13.4 g /m 3. The 98 th percentile PM 10 concentration recorded at the Existing Plant is 32.9 g /m 3. The 98 th percentile SO 2 & NOx concentrations recorded at the Existing Plant are 8.9 & 14.6 g/m 3 respectively. 3-8 P a g e

57 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Chemical characterization of RSPM is as following (TOR # 24) Elements Ca Mg Fe Al Na K Mn As Cr Ni Zn Cu Co Pb Hg Cd Contribution BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL (Max. %) Concentration (in µg/m 3 ) NAAQ Standard (in µg/m 3 ) Asbestos Fibre count is sampled as per MoEF guidelines. The results are as follows: TABLE FIBROUS DUST CONCENTRATION IN THE STUDY AREA S. No. Monitoring Station Method (Static / Personal) Distance from Project Site (in Kms.) Fibre Concentration (f/cc) 1. Project site Jujjuru W Rangapuram SE Chinnaraopalem N Narasimhavaripalem SW Vellanki W Alluru NE The fibre concentrations in 8 samples collected in the surrounding ambient air of Study area was f/cc. All samples showed fibre concentration lower than the threshold limit values. 3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT (TOR # 15) The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise in general is sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human being to a complex sound made up various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most common and heavily favoured of those scales is the weighted decibel (dba). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on 3-9 P a g e

58 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It is well known that steady noise is not as annoying as one that is continuously varying in loudness. The time, at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance. The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive area, which determines the loudness and period of noise exposure. The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of Noise levels. The environmental impact assessment of noise from the plant can be carried out by taking into consideration of various factors: potential damage to hearing, potential physiological responses, annoyance and general community responses. The main objective of noise level monitoring is to assess the background noise levels in different zones viz., industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones within the study area. The basic studies conducted were a. Assessment of background noise levels. b. Identification and monitoring the major noise generating sources in the study area. c. Impact of noise on general population in the study zone of 10 Km. radius RECONNAISSANCE Noise levels were measured at different locations within 10 Km. radius of the plant such as villages, bus stands etc BACKGROUND NOISE Baseline noise data has been measured at different locations using A-weighted sound pressure level meter. The equivalent day-night noise levels in the study zone are ranging from dba to dba SOURCES OF NOISE Typical considerations in environmental noise assessment can be divided into two categories; one is related to noise sources and the other related to potential receiver. Two quantities are needed to describe completely the strength of the source. They are sound power level and directivity. Sound power levels measures the total sound power radiated by the source in all directions whereas directivity is a measure of difference in radiation with direction P a g e

59 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 This concept of sound power level and directivity index makes it possible to calculate the sound pressure level created by the source COMMUNITY NOISE The ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a residual noise level. The residual noise level is that level below which the ambient noise does not seem to drop during a given time interval and is generally caused by the unidentified distant sources. It differs in rural and urban areas. At night, its level is low due to lesser elements of noise. The annoyance that people experience depends upon the number of noise elements that produce noise concurrently at a given time that occur during a time interval. The noise rating developed by EPA for specification of community noise from all sources is the day night sound level, Ldn. It is similar to a 24 hour equivalent sound level except that during the night period, which extends from p.m. to 6.00 a.m. A 10 dba weighing penalty is added to the account for the fact that noise at night when people are trying to sleep is judged more annoying than the same noise during the day time. The Ldn for a given location in a community is calculated from an hourly equivalent sound level given be the following equation. Ldn =10 log (1/24 [15 (10 (Ld/10) + 9 (10 (Ln+10)/10 )] ) Where Ld is the equivalent noise level during day time (7A.M. to 10 P.M.) Ln is the equivalent noise level during night time (10 P.M. to 6 A.M.) OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE To assess the magnitude of impact due to noise sources, it is essential to know the following. a. The duration of sound. b. Distribution through the working day. c. Overall noise levels. d. It s composition including frequency and intensity at various intervals of time. Other factors regarding receiver include a. The age of the individual. b. The sensitivity of the individual. c. The efficiency of the protective devices used. After characterizing the noise sources noise at receiver s location, the impact must be assessed. The environmental impact of noise can lead to the following effects. a. Damages the hearing capacity P a g e

60 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 b. Interference in communication. c. Interference with work. d. Interference with sleep. e. Causes annoyance NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA Baseline noise levels have been monitored at different locations within the study zone of the plant. 10 nos. of stations have been selected for measurement of noise levels and their distances with respect to site are shown in table TABLE NOISE LEVEL MONITORING STATIONS S. No. Station Distance in Kms. Direction N-1 Project site N-2 Jujjuru 1.5 W N-3 Rangapuram 2.0 E N-4 Chinnaraopalem 2.0 N N-5 Narasimhavaripalem 2.5 SW N-6 Vellanki 5.5 W N-7 Peddapuram 3.5 NW N-8 Jagannadhapuram 6.0 SW N-9 Project Site (Centre) - - N-10 Project Site (near Road) - - TABLE EQUIVALENT DAY NIGHT NOISE LEVEL S.No. LOCATION EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS (dba) DAY NIGHT DAY-NIGHT N-1 Project site N-2 Jujjuru N-3 Rangapuram N-4 Chinnaraopalem N-5 Narasimhavaripalem N-6 Vellanki N-7 Peddapuram N-8 Jagannadhapuram N-9 Project Site (Centre) N-10 Project Site (near Road) P a g e

61 REIA report ; Chapter # WATER QUALITY IMPACTS (TOR # 15, 28, 31, 32 & 35) The Surface water & Ground water samples have to be collected and analyzed for various parameters like ph, Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Temperature, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium hardness, Alkalinity, Fluoride, Chloride, Sulphates, Nitrates, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and for various heavy metals and is compared with the standards to know the water quality. Selection of sampling locations will be generally done based on the following factors: i) Representation of project site ii) Representation of Residential area. iii) Representation of urban area SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT 2 nos. of surface water samples are collected from jujjuru Pond & Enugugadda Vagu and analyzed for various parameters. CODE LOCATION SOURCE W.R.T. TO PROJECT SITE DISTANCE (KM) DIRECTION SW-1 Jujjuru Pond Surface 1.5 W SW-2 Enugugadda Vagu Surface 1.0 E 3-13 P a g e

62 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE NO SURFACE WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Month: November, 2010 S No. Parameters Units SW1 SW2 1 Ph Temperature ( 0 C) ( 0 C) Turbidity (NTU) (NTU) <5 <5 4 Specific conductance micro siemens/cm 5 Total Solids mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Chlorides as Cl mg/l Sulphates as SO4 mg/l Nitrates as NO3 mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l Potassium as K mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Arsenic as As mg/l <0.002 < Selenium as Se mg/l <0.005 < Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.002 < Copper as C mg/l Lead as Pb mg/l <0.03 < Zinc as Zn mg/l Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.005 < Chromium as Cr mg/l <0.005 < Iron as Fe mg/l Total Nitrogen mg/l Total phosphorous mg/l Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.005 < Cyanide as CN mg/l Nil Nil 30 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l GROUND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT 8 nos. of ground water samples from open wells / bore wells were collected from the nearby villages to assess ground water quality impacts. The ground water sampling locations and their distances from the plant were shown in table The water quality sampling stations are shown in figs The ground water characteristics were shown in table Nos to P a g e

63 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS S.NO. STATION DIRECTION DISTANCE IN KMS. GW-1 Jujjuru W 1.5 GW-2 Rangapuram E 2.0 GW-3 Chinnaraopalem N 2.0 GW-4 Narasimharaovaripalem SW 2.5 GW-5 Alluru NW 4.0 GW-6 Vellanki W 5.5 GW-7 Peddapuram NW 3.5 GW-8 Jagannadhapuram SW P a g e

64 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 5 Existing Plant 1 3 Scale 1:50,000 Sampling Locations Existing Plant P a g e

65 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS (November 2010) S No. Parameters Units GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 1 ph Temperature ( 0 C) Turbidity (NTU) <5 <5 <5 <5 4 Specific conductance (micro siemens/cm) 5 Total Solids mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Chlorides as Cl mg/l Sulphates as SO4 mg/l Nitrates as NO2 mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l Potassium as K mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Arsenic as As mg/l <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 < Selenium as Se mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 < Copper as Cu mg/l <0.020 <0.020 < Lead as Pb mg/l <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 < Zinc as Zn mg/l Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Chromium as Cr mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Iron as Fe mg/l < Total Nitrogen mg/l Total phosphorous mg/l Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Cyanide as CN mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 30 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l P a g e

66 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE GROUND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS (November 2010) S No. Parameters Units GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 1 ph Temperature ( 0 C) ( 0 C) Turbidity (NTU) (NTU) <5 <5 <5 <5 4 Specific conductance micro siemens/cm 5 Total Solids mg/l Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Total Alkalinity as CaCO 3 mg/l Total Hardness as CaCO 3 mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Chlorides as Cl mg/l Sulphates as SO4 mg/l Nitrates as NO2 mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l Potassium as K mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Arsenic as As mg/l <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 < Selenium as Se mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 < Copper as Cu mg/l < Lead as Pb mg/l <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 < Zinc as Zn mg/l Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Chromium as Cr mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Iron as Fe mg/l Total Nitrogen mg/l Total phosphorous mg/l Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Cyanide as CN mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 30 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l P a g e

67 REIA report ; Chapter # WATER REQUIREMENT The total water requirement for proposed expansion project will be 140 KLD. This includes Make-up water for Process, Curing, Greenbelt development and for domestic water. This requirement will be met by bore wells within the project site WASTE WATER No process water will be discharged and zero discharge will be adopted and entire process waste water will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process. The Domestic wastewater from plant will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit GEOHYDROLOGICAL SCENARIO (TOR # 12 & 32) Groundwater occurs under water table conditions and semi-confined conditions in the alluvium and under confined conditions in the underlying Rajahmundry sandstones in the northeastern fringe of the delta. The fresh water aquifers in Krishna eastern delta occupy comparatively wide and long stretches of the area, occur down to a depth of about 20 m. The water table varies from 0.47 to 2.47 m bgl. The yield of the open wells vary from 10 to 16.6 Ips for S to 10 hours of pumping, and the filter point tube wells (101 mm dia) drilled down to 20m depth yield about Ips on average. In the central and western Krishna delta, fresh water generally is limited in occurrence to pockets and lenses at shallow depths, varying from around 1 M to about 14 M bgl. The Krishna River is an influent river and the shallow aquifers adjoining it are recharged by the river. The most promising area for tapping ground water appears to be the western part of the Krishna eastern delta, close to the Krishna river, and the ground water development is mainly restricted to this tract. Geotechnical data has been collected and the following are the observations made Standard Penetration Test (SPT) was conducted in the boreholes at 1 to 3 M interval for determination of N values of soil layers. The N values range between 7 and 28 in clay and Red soil. In pebbly sand horizon the values go up to 72 at certain depths. Shear wave velocity ranges from M/sec. This suggest that the area is not prone to hazards & earthquakes P a g e

68 REIA report ; Chapter # LAND ENVIRONMENT LAND USE PATTERN (TOR # 6 & 8) The following is the land use pattern within 10 Km radius of the plant. Sl. No. LAND USE Area in (Sq. KM) Area in % 1. BUILT UP LAND A. Settlements B. Industrial area WATERBODIES A. Tank/River/Canal etc FOREST A. Scrub forest CROP LAND A. Single crop B. Double crop C. Crop land in the forest 5. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub B. Land without scrub C. Sheet Rock area TOTAL P a g e

69 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Satellite Imagery of Study Area Project Site 3-21 P a g e

70 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Land use / Land Cover Map of Study Area Project Site 3-22 P a g e

71 REIA report ; Chapter # MINERAL RESERVES There are no mineral reserves in the study area SEISMIC EFFECT The project site falls in zone-ii of seismic zone classification of India SOIL (TOR # 15) 6 no. of soil samples were collected and for analyzed for various parameters like texture, infiltration rate, bulk density, ph, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Mn etc. The ground water sampling locations and their distances from the plant were shown in table The soil characteristics are shown in Table No to TABLE SOIL QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS S. No. Station Distance in KM. Direction S-1 Project site S-2 Jujjuru 1.5 W S-3 Rangapuram 2.0 E S-4 Chinnaraopalem 2.0 N S-5 Narasimharaovaripalem 2.5 SW S-6 Alluru 4.0 NW 3-23 P a g e

72 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 6 Existing Plant Scale 1:50, Sampling Locations Existing Plant P a g e

73 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 TABLE SOIL CHARACTERISTICS November S No. Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 1. PH Electrical Conductivity(s/cm) Texture Clay Loam Clay Loam Clay Loam Clay Loam Clay Loam Clay Loam 4. Sand ( % ) Silt ( % ) Clay ( % ) Available Nitrogen (mg/100gm) Available Potassium (mg/100gm) 9. Available Phosphorus (mg/100gm) 10. Iron as Fe (mg/100gm) Calcium (mg/100gm) Magnesium (mg/100gm) Sodium (mg/100gm) BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (TOR # 47) It is an integrated unit that contains both animals and plants whose survival is dependent on biotic and abiotic distribution of organisms and its physical setting the study area can be classified into crop land, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, in the present chapter Land Environment' deals with crop and terrestrial ecosystems, while aquatic ecosystem have been described in the earlier chapter `Water Environment'. In order to understand the factors governing the system both abiotic physical setting) and biotic factors (flora and fauna) have been described. Crop Land ecosystem: This is also known as manmade ecosystem or artificial ecosystem because man tries to control biotic community and physical environment. The most important of these is an artificial force from man to maintain an uniformity in the species composition of the produces, in addition to maintain a moisture level of the soil and replenishing nutrients at times. In such an ecosystem the animals also tend to be limited in diversity. In this ecosystem a particular animal species finds enough food and multiplies and becomes a pest. Here usually single species dynamics assumes a great prominence. The area is having two main crop seasons namely, Kharif season from June to September and Rabi from October to March. The following are the common crops cultivated in the study area P a g e

74 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 1.Cotton 2.Tobacco 3.Redgram 4.Greengram. 5.Blackgram The density of earthworm soil analysis and supporting vegetation indicate the moderate quality status. In addition to poor irrigation facilities, diseases caused by fungi and insects are also major problems to the farmers. The increased urbanization and industrialization raised the land cost several folds during the last one decade that too lands adjoining the highway, giving greater impetus to sell their land from this region and purchase more productive lands elsewhere. In this crop land ecosystem in addition to the crop raised, a number of weeds like cynodon dactylon, launaeanudicaulis, euphorbia hirta, cyperus rotundus, digetaria sp and alysicarpussp also contributing to the primary production. Among the consumer s aphids, beetles, mosquitoes, rats and birds are common consumers. The area occupies prominent position in livestock and poultry wealth. Factors like marketing facilities, increasing urbanization, high demand for milk and milk products, eggs and chiken gave impetus for the development of livestock and poultry. Dullness, salvation, anorexia, reluctance to move, purulent discharges from the eyes, cold extremities and diarrhea are common health problems in live stock. Terrestrial ecosystem Flora The study area is forest and agriculture oriented. The chances of survival of greater girth trees, if almost impossible, as most of the land is used for agricultural road and built up. However plants with wide range of ecological amplitudes are surviving on the roadsides and wastelands. The number of plants under social forestry scheme seems to be more dominating in the area. The following are the important plant species located on the fallow area and wasteland. Floral Studies Core zone Tephrosia hirta Fam : Fabaceae Portulaca olaracea Fam : Portulacaceae Acacia arabicafam : Mimosaceae Euphorbia hirta Fam : Euphorbiaceae Ailanthes excelsa Fam : Simaroubaceae Azadirchta indica Fam : Meliaceae 3-26 P a g e

75 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Parthenium hysterophorus Fam : Asterceae Borassus flabillefer Fam : Palmae Tridax procumbens Fam : Asteraceae Vernonia cineria Fam : Asteraceae Oxalis corniculata Fam : Oxalidaceae Cassia tora Fam : Caesalpinaceae In the buffer zone the following plant species are also noted other than the above mentioned common plant species Anona squamosa Fam : Anonaceae Polyalthia longifolia Fam : Anonaceae Argemone mexicana Fam : Papavaraceae Abutilon indicum Fam : Malvaceae Sida acuta Fam : Malvaceae Oxalis corniculata Fam : Oxalidaceae Maytenus emarginata Fam : Celastraceae Zizypus xylopyra Fam : Ramnaceae Magnifera indica Fam : Anacardiaceae Alysicarpus monifer Fam : Fabaceae Desmodium triflorum Fam : Fabaceae Bauhinia purpuria Fam : Caesalpinaceae Acacia leucophloea Fam : Mimoceae Lawsonia innermis Fam : Lythraceae Opuntia elatior Fam : Cactaceae Xanthium strumarium Fam : Asteraceae Calotropis gigantea Fam : Asclepiadaceae Justicea sp. Fam : Acanthaceae Clerodendron sp. Fam : Verbinaceae Faunal studies There are no endangerous species in the study area. Moreover there is no suitable habitation for any important wildlife. Following are the common animals located or got information from the local sources: Aves : ARDEIDAE : Ardea cinerea rectirostris 3-27 P a g e

76 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 A. alba modesta Egretta intermedia intermedia PSITTACIDA Psittacula krameri manillensis Clamator coromandus Eudynamys scolopacea CORAIDAE Coracias benghalensis indica UPUPIDAE epops ceylonensis PICIDAE Dinopium benghalense puncticolle STURNIDAE Sturnus pagodarum Acridotheres tristis tristis CORVIDAE Corvus splendens splendes Corvus macrorhynchos cunminatus PIOEIDAE Passer domesticus Ploceus philippinus philippinus Insects Phylum : Artropoda Class : Insecta Head house Bed bug Culex House fly Honey Bee Laccifer lacca (Lac insect) Blatte orientalis (cockraoches) phyllum : Onychophora Peripetus Sub phyllum : Chelicerata Aranea (spider) Palamnaeus (scorpion) 3-28 P a g e

77 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Spirostreptus Reptiles Fam : Ophidae Naza naza Bangaras coeralus Bangarus fasciatus Natrix piscaotus Mammals Fam : Muridae Ratus ratus Ord : Chiroptetera Pteropus sp. Fam : Felidae Felis chaus From the study it has been observed that there are no endangered, endemic or threatened species.it appears under this rapid urbanisation that other than the ornamental and road side plants and weeds, survival of the natural vegetation seems to be impossible unless special efforts are undertaken. 3.6 SOCIO ECONOMIC ASPECTS Railways and roadways The National highway No. 9 and a broad gauge railway line connecting the Hyderabad Vijayawada, passes through the South part of the study area. A good network of major district and other roads connecting the mandal headquarters and Ibrahimpatnam is a town available in the study area. Marketing facilities There are 2 to 3 smaller towns having good marketing facilities with communication network for transport. These places do have enough facilities to sell their agricultural food and non-food produce. Besides this, good number of outlets for the supply of the agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers and pesticides to the farmers to meet their requirements are already in existence in the study area. IRRIGATION PROFILE KRISHNA DISTRICT General Information: This district lies in the following river basins as below 3-29 P a g e

78 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 S.No. Name of the Basin % of area covered 1. Krishna River Basin 45.00% 2. Budameru Basin 2.67% 3. Thammileru Basin 3.30 % 4. Ramileru Basin 2.67% The major amount of rainfall is during the South-West monsoon and / or North-East monsoon and the normal rainfall is 1030 mm. The statistical data of the district Krishna is as follows. Sl.No Description Value 1. Geographical Area 21,73,768 Acres 2. Population (2001) 41,18, Culturable Area 7,83,361 Acres 4. Forest Area 66,388 Ha 5. Barren & Un Cultivable Area 55,342 Ha 6. Land put to Non-Agricultural purpose 1,49,303 Ha 7. Sown Area 4,84,837 Ha 8. Irrigated Area 2,93,845 Ha 9. Normal Rainfall 1030 mm 3-30 P a g e

79 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Table 3.6.1: Population Data in the Study Area based on 2001 Census Number of Households Total population Males Females TOTAL SC population Male SC population Female SC population TOTAL ST population Male ST population Female ST population NAME Kavuluru Kondapalle Ibrahimpatnam Jupudi Kethanakonda Mulapadu Tummalapalem Guntupalle Elaprolu Kotikalapudi Chilukuru Kachavaram Damuluru Gaddamanugu G.Konduru Cheruvu Madhavaram Pinapaka Rayanapadu Gollapudi Paidurupadu Shabada Jakkampudi Rayapudi Uddandarayunipalem Malkapuram Mandadam Venkatapalem Velagapudi Lingayapalem Rayapudi Borupalem Nelapadu Thullur Dondapadu Abbarajupalem P a g e

80 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Table 3.6.2: EDUCATIONAL DATA OF THE STUDY AREA NAME Total population Literates Male Literates Female Literates Total population Illiterates Male - Illiterates Female - Illiterates Kavuluru Kondapalle Ibrahimpatnam Jupudi Kethanakonda Mulapadu Tummalapalem Guntupalle Elaprolu Kotikalapudi Chilukuru Kachavaram Damuluru Gaddamanugu G.Konduru Cheruvu Madhavaram Pinapaka Rayanapadu Gollapudi Paidurupadu Shabada Jakkampudi Rayapudi Uddandarayunipalem Malkapuram Mandadam Venkatapalem Velagapudi Lingayapalem Rayapudi Borupalem Nelapadu Thullur Dondapadu Abbarajupalem P a g e

81 REIA report ; Chapter # 3 Table 3.6.3: LIVELIHOOD DATA OF THE STUDY AREA NAME TOT_WORK_P TOT_WORK_M TOT_WORK_F MAIN_AL_P MAIN_AL_M MAIN_AL_F NON_WORK_P NON_WORK_M NON_WORK_F Kavuluru Kondapalle Ibrahimpatnam Jupudi Kethanakonda Mulapadu Tummalapalem Guntupalle Elaprolu Kotikalapudi Chilukuru Kachavaram Damuluru Gaddamanugu G.Konduru Cheruvu Madhavaram Pinapaka Rayanapadu Gollapudi Paidurupadu Shabada Jakkampudi Rayapudi Uddandarayunipalem Malkapuram Mandadam Venkatapalem Velagapudi Lingayapalem Rayapudi Borupalem Nelapadu Thullur Dondapadu Abbarajupalem P a g e

82 REIA report ; Chapter # EXISTING AIR EMISSION & WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION DATA (TOR # 10) Please refer to the ANNEXURE 5 for the Existing Baseline Air Emission data in the study area. The following are the Water Fluctuation levels during 2005 to 2009 (5 years data) source: CGWB 3-34 P a g e

83 REIA report ; Chapter # P a g e

84 REIA report ; Chapter # P a g e

85 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.0 INTRODUCTION Impact prediction is a very important phenomenon in evaluating the environmentally potential adverse impacts for any proposed industrial project. The impact prediction is always carried out under worst possible conditions so as to mitigate or to eliminate the environmental hazards. These predictions thus calculated are superimposed over the baseline data to calculate the net impact on the environment after the project comes into production. 4.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT It is possible that increase in the background concentration of even a minor constituent of the atmosphere may lead to significant changes in the atmospheric properties. So these changes are essential in understanding potential climatic changes due to air pollutants. For example under strongly stable condition, disturbances are highly damped and mixing of pollutants is strongly suppressed. It is under such conditions that the worst air pollution episodes have occurred. Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the environmental impact assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict impacts of developmental activities on Physico, ecological and socioeconomic environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan required to be executed during and after commissioning the proposed expansion project to minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality. The mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe cause-effect relationships between sources of pollution and different components of environment. In case, mathematical models are not available or it is not possible to identify / validate through models for particular situation, prediction could be arrived at through available scientific knowledge and judgments. The mathematical model used for predictions in the present study include, steady state Gaussian Plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for air quality, Wave divergence and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) models for noise levels. In case of 5-1 P a g e

86 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 water, land, biological and socio-economic environments the prediction have been made based on available scientific knowledge and judgments IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY The major envisaged topographical changes would be limited to the immediate vicinity of the plant. There will not be any change in topography as there are no manmade structures like Industrial complex and Administrative buildings are proposed in the expansion project. Similarly, it will invite positive benefits in the form of land leveling and green belt development in the plant vicinity IMPACTS ON CLIMATE As the temperature of the flue gases will not be high, generally this will not cause any thermal imbalance as extensive greenbelt is already been developed within the plant premises. However, there will be natural dispersion of heat due to unstable conditions during day and as such there would be no significant micro / macro climatological changes of any consequence PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT [TOR # 22] It is absolutely essential to study the impacts of air pollution on its environs due to the proposed expansion project. These impacts are assessed with the help of Mathematical model based on steady state Gaussian Plume Dispersion Model designed for multiple point sources for short term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex (ISC-3), 1993 dispersion model based on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term developed by United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) has been used for simulations from point sources. Model Input Emissions The emission data from the stacks is shown in Table Receptor Locations The software is capable of generating a polar receptor grid at every 10 radial angles at specified distances (in KM). Meteorological data For the prediction of rise in Ground Level concentrations of pollutants, the actual hourly meteorological data recorded at the site during the study period (November 2010 to January 5-2 P a g e

87 REIA report ; Chapter # ) is converted to mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same is used in the model. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, mixing heights published in Spatial distribution of hourly mixing depths over Indian region by Dr. R.N. Gupta have been used. Presentation of results In the present case model simulations have been carried out during the study period. For the short term simulations, the concentrations have been estimated around 1600 receptors to obtain optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 KM. radius covering 16 directions. Model Output The output contains the first through sixth highest concentration values at each receptor, Maximum concentration tables and daily concentration tables for each averaging period. Sources of Air Emissions: The asbestos dust is generally generated at the following operations: During the cutting of pressure packed asbestos bags mechanically. While feeding the opened asbestos fibre bags to the charger of the mill. While milling the fibre. Fugitive Dust Source i. Cement Feeding section ii. Fly Ash Feeding Section In order to assess the cumulative impact of all industries, the emissions from the proposed plant are considered together along with the emissions from the other industries (existing & proposed) to assess the incremental GLCs of PM 10, SO 2 & NO x. The predicted max incremental rise in PM 10 concentrations (24 hourly) will be 1.6 g/m 3 at a distance of 270 m from the origin stack in the down wind direction over the baseline concentrations. The net resultant concentrations (Maximum baseline conc. + predicted incremental rise in conc.) of PM 10 is shown in Table No The net resultant concentrations of PM 10 are well within the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) stipulated by MoEF when the plant commences the operation. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed project. 5-3 P a g e

88 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 S. No Stack attached to Fibre processing section Fly Ash feeding system Cement feeding system DG Set [2 x 600 KVA] {operational only during power failure} No. of Stacks Dia (m) TABLE STACK EMISSIONS Height (m) Temp. of flue gas (in Kelvin) Velocity of flue gas (m/sec) SPM (g/s) SO 2 (g/s) NOx (g/s) (above ground level) Note: NO ADDITIONAL STACKS are required in the proposed expansion of VIL unit, only process vents are present. Hence the existing stacks are adequate. TABLE NET RESULTANT MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS DURING OPERATION Item PM 10 (g/m 3 ) SO 2 (g/m 3 ) NO X (g/m 3 ) Maximum baseline conc. in the study area Maximum predicted incremental rise in Concentrations due to the proposed VIL 1.6 Nil Nil Maximum predicted incremental rise in Concentrations due to the other units Net resultant concentrations during operation phase National Ambient Air Quality Standards (As per MOEF Notification dated ) PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT WATER REQUIREMENT [TOR # 27] The water requirement will be around 140 KLD for process and Domestic purposes. This requirement will be met by bore wells within the project site. An overhead tank is also envisaged. 5-4 P a g e

89 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 Process requires (curing) cu.m/day of water will be totally consumed. Domestic and canteen requires 15 KLD. Others like Greenbelt development needs 10 KLD. The details of total water consumption & waste water generation and it's breakup are show in Table & Characteristics of waste are shown in Table Rain water harvesting structures will be constructed in consultation with State Ground Water Board. The depth of ground water table will certainly increase. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on water environment due to the proposed project. S.No. Area Of Consumption TABLE WATER REQUIREMENT Existing (KLD) Proposed Expansion (KLD) Total After Expansion (KLD) 1 Process Curing Domestic & other (Green) Total WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM AFTER EXPASNION PROJECT [TOR # 27] Raw water Greenbelt Development PROCESS Recirculation System Domestic 24 SEPTIC SOAK PIT 10 Curing Loss Note: All the units are in KLD 5-5 P a g e

90 REIA report ; Chapter # WASTE WATER [TOR # 39] No process water will be discharged and zero discharge will be adopted and entire process waste water will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process. The Domestic wastewater from plant will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. TABLE WASTEWATER GENERATION SOURCE WASTEWATER (Cum/day) (Existing & Expansion) Sanitary wastewater 24 TOTAL 24 TABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SANITARY WASTE WATER (UNTREATED) PARAMETER CONCENTRATION ph BOD mg/l COD mg/l TDS mg/l 4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO NOISE PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY The sound pressure level generated by noise source decreases with increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure level with distance from the source is expected, due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the path of transmission. For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one can estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different sources using model based on first principle, as per the following equation: Lp2 = Lp1 20 Log (r2/r1) - Ael.2 Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distance r1 and r2 from the source and Ae1.2 is the excess attenuation due to environmental conditions. Combined affect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by logarithmic addition. It is first approximation one can assume that for all general population in the villages, every noise source in the plane is a point source. The average equivalent sound power level of such a point source can be estimated for different distances and directions from hypothetical source by applying following equation: Lp = Lw - 20 Log r Ae P a g e

91 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 Where Lw is the sound power level of the source, Lp is sound pressure level at a distance r and Ae is environmental attenuation factor. A combined noise level Lp (total) of all the sources at a particular place is given by: Lp(total) = 10 Log (10 Lp1/10) + 10 (Lp2/10) ) Major noise generating sources were identified from the proposed activity for prediction purposes. The major noise generating sources are machinery & DG set. The predictions have been made to represent the worst scenario by considering the cumulative impacts of noise due to all units. The noise levels at various distances were calculated using wave divergence model. The model was run for ascertaining the areas where we could get the noise levels of 35, 45, 50,55,60,65, and considering the other noise generating sources from the plant. Silencers will be provided to the DG Sets. All machinery will be manufactured keeping in view the latest MOEF/OSHA standards on Noise levels. The Ambient Noise levels will be within the standards prescribed by MOE&F, GOI vide Notification dated under the Noise pollution (regulation & control) Rules, PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY A day and Night sound pressure level, Ldn is often used to describe the community noise exposure which includes 10 dba night time penalty. As the nearest human settlement is Chinnaraopalem about 0.7 Kms. from the plant, the impact of noise on general population would be insignificant. As per the WHO recommendation, there is no identified risk and damage of hearing due to the noise levels (Leq = 8 hours) less than 75 dba. Most of the international damage risk criteria for hearing loss permit (Leq = 12 hours) upto 87 dba. Further, WHO recommendation on community noise annoyance, permits day time out door noise levels of 55 dba. Leq and night time outdoor noise level of 45 dba leq to meet sleep criteria i.e. Leq (24 hours) = dba and Ldn = 5.5 dba PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH The damage risk criteria as enforced by OSHA (Occupation Safety and Health Administration) to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that noise level upto 85 dba are acceptable for 8 hour 5-7 P a g e

92 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 working shift per day. Plant authorities will provide ear plugs to the employees and will be enforced to be used by the employees. 4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT Acres of land is under possession of the management. As there are no endangered species in the vicinity of the proposed activity, there should not be any concern for the loss of important germplasm that needs conservation. To control the fugitive emissions, dust extraction system and dust suppression system will be installed at all the possible dust emanating areas. There will not be any process waste water from the proposed plant as entire process wastewater will be recycled to the process. Solid waste generated from this proposed will be reused/recycled into the process. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the proposed project. The land use pattern of the study area will certainly improve due to the proposed activity. Land price in the area will increase and will benefit the local people. This industry may attract some ancillary works also which will also help in improving the land use pattern of the area. Greenbelt is considered essential for maintaining the stability of the environment of the area. A total of 15 Acres of thick greenbelt (including existing of Acres) will be developed within the plant premises. 4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT All trucks used for transportation of raw materials and products will be covered. Pucca road exist up to the site. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement. There will not be any fugitive dust generation during transport of raw materials and products. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on vehicular traffic due to the proposed expansion project. 4.6 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of direct / indirect employment opportunities, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. The proposed expansion project creates employment to about 100 persons though Direct employment & 100 persons through indirect employment. The project authorities are conducting regular health checkups in the village. Therefore there is a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards of people in the surrounding areas due to the Existing Plant. The positive and beneficial impacts by way of economic 5-8 P a g e

93 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation due to the existing & as well as Expansion project. There will be an overall upliftment of socio-economic status of people in the area. There are also other benefits to the area due to the existing & expansion project. 4.7 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN HEALTH & CROPS There are no National Parks, Sanctuaries, elephant/ tiger reserves & migratory route for birds within the study area. Kondapalli R.F. is at a distance of 2.7 KM. from the plant. In the plant all required pollution control systems will be installed and operating to comply with norms. The net resultant GLCs during operation of the proposed expansion project are within the National Ambient Air Quality standards. Zero effluent discharge will be adopted after expansion also. Solid waste disposal will be in accordance with the MOEF norms. No rare and endangered flora and fauna exist within the study area. Extensive greenbelt have already been developed as per CPCB norms making a thick canopy. All the norms of MOEF/CPCB/APPCB will be strictly followed. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna, Reserve forest, human health and the crops due to the proposed expansion Project. 4.8 IMPACT ON WATER BODIES The WIRA river is flowing at a distance of 7.7 KM. from the plant site. In the plant all required pollution control systems will be installed and operating to comply with norms. The predicted max. Incremental rise in PM 10 concentrations (24 hourly) will occur at a distance of 300 m from the origin stack in the down wind direction. The net resultant GLCs during operation of the proposed expansion project are within the National Ambient Air Quality standards. The water required for the existing & expansion projects will be met from Groundwater sources. There will not be any process waste water from the proposed plant as entire process wastewater will be recycled to the process. Only source of waste water generation will be sanitary waste water which will be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit. Solid waste generated from this proposed will be reused/recycled into the process. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the proposed 5-9 P a g e

94 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 project. The land use pattern of the study area will certainly improve due to the proposed activity. Hence there will not be any impact on the Krishna River due to the proposed expansion Project P a g e

95 REIA report ; Chapter # 5 CHAPTER V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES The manufacturing of Asbestos cement sheets & Accessories is a well proven technology all over the world. Hence no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no alternative technologies are considered. 5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED FOR EXPANSION OF ASBESTOS SHEET MANUFACTURING UNIT BY M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD. M/s. Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) is proposed to go for expansion of the existing Corrugated cement fibre sheet plant capacity from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA with in the existing plant area of acres, near Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal,Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. The total capacity of the plant after expansion will be 2, 40,000 TPA. Since it is proposed to expand the production capacity, we have selected the existing facility for expansion. The existing plant site is in accordance with MoEF guidelines P a g e

96 REIA report ; Chapter # 6 CHAPTER VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 TECHNICAL ASPECTS METHODOLOGIES To know the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures post project environmental monitoring program will be strictly followed as per statutory requirement. The bag opening machine and milling machine is connected with the dust collector equipment with bag filters & further connected in series to the Air wet washer in existing plant. The same system will be continued in expansion also. Floor is being & will be cleaned by vacuum cleaner only. Energy meters have already been provided to all air pollution control systems to ensure effective operation of the control systems. with bag filters & further connected in series to the Air wet washer in existing plant. The same system will be continued in expansion also FREQUENCY & LOCATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. This environmental monitoring is being entrusted to a third party. SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR FIBRE COUNT Asbestos Storage, Bag Opening device, Slurry mixer, Sheeting machine, Corrugator, Loading area, Q.C laboratory & Moulding. Note: Standard levels of Fibre count in Work zone area will always be maintained less than 0.1 fibre/cc. SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR STACK EMISSIONS: S. No. Stack attached to Parameter Standard Concentrations PM 2 mg/ Nm 3 1 Fibre processing section Fibre Count 0.2 fibre /cc 2 Cement & Fly Ash feeding section PM 50 mg/ Nm 3 DG Set (2 nos. of 600 KVA ) SPM, SO (Stand-by) NOx 6-1 P a g e

97 REIA report ; Chapter # 6 MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS S. No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring 1. Water & Waste water quality A. Water quality in the Once in six area months except for heavy metals which will be monitored on Duration of sampling Parameters required to be monitored Grab sampling As per IS: quarterly basis. B Waste water Once in 3 Months composite sampling (only sanitary wastewater) As per IS: Air Quality A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month Fibre & PM B. Ambient Air quality Once in a month Personal /Static Fibre Count C. Fugitive emission monitoring 3. Meteorological Data Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant. Once in a month (for each location) Once in a month Daily 24 hours continuously Continuous monitoring PM 10, SO 2 & NOx Particulate matter, Fibre Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed DATA ANALYSIS All the parameters will be analysed as per IS procedures specified for those parameters. All water samples will be analysed for various parameters as per IS: with the specified procedures. The methodology adopted for Ambient air quality monitoring & analysis of PM 2.5 & PM 10 is as per IS: 5182 Part IV SO 2 & NO x as per IS: 5182 Part II & Part VI respectively. Samples were analysed for SO 2 using improved West-Gaeke method for air samples using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560 nm. Samples were analysed for NO x using Jacob and Hochheiser modified (Na-As) method, for Air samples using a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 540 nm. Asbestos fibre count will be monitored and analyzed as per IS : 1986 PM 2.5 & PM 10 in ambient air are found by using APM ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT & MONITORING OF ASBESTOS (TOR # 16, 50 & 54) Asbestos fibre count sampling is being carried out by using Personal / Static sampling Low volume sampler followed by Phase Contrast Microscope as per IS : P a g e

98 REIA report ; Chapter # 6 Personal sampling pump with 0 to 2 ltr per minute flow Filter holder for 25 mm dia filter paper Acetone vapouriser for filter paper development NPL slide for detection limit of microscope Phase contrast microscope with 400 x magnification Microscopes slides & cover slip Walton - beckett graticule All the above mentioned equipment & specially trained staff have already been provided for sampling & counting of asbestos air borne dust, all the norms given in BIS & as per factory act will be strictly implemented. A Lab set up is already established at factory where fibre count samples can be taken & analysed at their sister concern situated at Paramathi, Salem (TN) REPORTING SCHEDULE Whenever pollution control systems fails, the production in that unit will be stopped and it will be restored only after rectification of the system EMERGENCY PROCEDURES In case of emergency shutdown all the safety precautions will be taken as per the procedure given by the supplier. All precautions will be taken to prevent any environmental problems during shut down DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES The annual budgetary allocation for Environmental monitoring is Rs. 10 Lakhs for existing & as well as for expansion project. A third party was engaged to monitor all the environmental parameters as per CPCB / APPCB norms. 6-3 P a g e

99 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 CHAPTER VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT [TOR # 44] INTRODUCTION Risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant equivalent and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the factory. Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards that are likely to occur in the factory. Both hazard and risk analysis very extensive studies, and require a very detailed design and engineering information. The various hazard analysis techniques that may be applied are Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies, Fault - Tree Analysis (FTA), event tree analysis and, failure and effects mode analysis. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as result of hazard present. This requires a through knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of populations etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum creditable accident studies SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of study includes the study of proposed operations, storage and handling of raw materials with respect to Hazard Identification. Risk Assessment and preparation of Disaster Management plan. Based on the Hazard Identification and analysis, the major disaster scenarios would be worked out to estimate the consequence of failure. A Disaster Management Plan (DMP) would also be evolved to meet the emergency situation including the occupational health and safety FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM The following Fire Protection systems have already been provided in the proposed plant. Portable extinguisher such as pressurized water type, carbon dioxide type and foam type is located at strategic locations through out the plant. 7-1 P a g e

100 REIA report ; Chapter # METHODOLOGY OF MCA ANALYSIS The MCA Analysis involved ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential vulnerability. The following steps were involved in MCA Analysis. Preparation of an inventory of major storages and rank them on the basis of their hazard properties. Identification of potentially hazardous storage sections and representative failure cases from the vessels and the pipelines. Visualization of chemical release scenarios. Effect and damage calculation from the release cases through mathematical modeling. Inventory Analysis and Fire & Explosion and Toxicity Index (FETI) are the two techniques employed for hazard identification process FIRE & EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX The role of Fire & Explosion Index (FEI) aids quantitative hazard identification. The FEI is calculated by evaluating the loss potential of all the units in the storage area and the hazardous areas were classified accordingly. The role of FEI is Identification of the equipment/areas that could likely contribute to the creation or escalation of incident and relatively rank the incidents. Quantification of the expected damage of potential fire and explosion incidents. Preparation of guidelines for mitigating fire hazards. The loss potential which could actually be experienced under the most adverse operating conditions is quantitatively evaluated. The FEI is used for any operation in which a flammable, combustible or reactive material is stored, handled or processed. FEI = MF * GPH * SPH Where MF: Material factor GPH: General Process Hazard SPH: Special Process Hazard TOXICITY INDEX The Toxicity Index is calculated using the Nh, Ts, GPH and SPH. TI is calculated by the following formula. (Nh + Ts) * (1 + GPH + SPH) TI = P a g e

101 REIA report ; Chapter # ASSESSMENT OF RISK AT M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD. Although asbestos industry will not cause any disastrous emergencies, control measures due to accidental discharge, spillages of asbestos. Based on the storage inventory the following areas are identified as potential safety risk areas are shown in table 7.1 TABLE 7.1 POSSIBLE RISKS FROM THE PROPOSED EXPANSION PROJECT S. No. Area Mitigation measures 1. Asbestos dust exposure During Vacuum cleaning, wet mopping, sealing, rebagging. storage and manufacturing process RISK & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FIRE The principle objective of this study is to identify the potential hazards estimate the effects of hazards to people both within and outside the plant premises. Identification of possible failure cases of the facilities which might affect the population and property within the plant boundary. Assessment of consequential effect on surrounding population, property etc., due to onset of such failures. Suggest recommendations based on consequence analysis relevant to the situations. There is no storage of highly inflammable substances like Furnace oil, HSD in the proposed plant. Hence risk analysis on those substances will not be required. 7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN [TOR # 44] DISASTERS A disaster is catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities of life. Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are Disasters resulting from natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, tropical storms, floods, avalanches, landslides etc. The second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road transport accidents and can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss. 7-3 P a g e

102 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract it depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. What would be considered a major disaster in developing country, will be equipped to cope with the problems involved, and may not mean more than temporary emergency elsewhere. However all disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the local, national or international level, for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the search for the dead and injured, medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of temporary shelter for the homeless food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid re-establishment of essential services OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF PLAN The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it is being widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals. The Disaster Management Plan would reflect the probable consequential severity of undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through knock on effects. Further the management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses good supporting evidence and based on currently available and reliable information, incident data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of outside agencies. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of the factory, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency is called Disaster Management Plan. The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the Plant and the outside services to achieve the following: Minimize damage to property and the environment. Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities. Provide for the needs of relatives. Provide authoritative information to news media. Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas. Safeguard other people. Initially contain and then ultimately bring the situation under the control. 7-4 P a g e

103 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 Preserve subsequent records and equipment for subsequent enquiry the cause and circumstances leading to emergency EMERGENCIES GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES The emergencies that could be envisaged in the Plant are as follows: Contamination of food / water. Sabotage / social disorder. Structural failures. Slow isolated fires SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED During the study of risk assessment, the probabilities of occurrence of hazards are worked out along with the nature of damage. This is the reason why one should study risk assessment in conjunction with DMP EMERGENCY ORGANISATION It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has control over the affairs of the Plant would be heading the Emergency Organization. He would be designated as Site Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas which are the not under the control of production heads, executive responsible for maintenance of utilities would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the site controller. Each Incident Controller for him organizes a team responsible for controlling the incident with the personnel under his control. Shift in-charge would be the reporting Officer, who would bring the incident to the notice of the Incident Controller and the Site Controller. Emergency Coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and support services. For this purposes, Security in-charge, Personal Department, Essential services personnel would be engaged. All these personnel would be designated as key personnel. In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in charge and other maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of Power communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/ Plant offices would be drafted and their services would be utilised as messengers for quick passing of communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel. 7-5 P a g e

104 REIA report ; Chapter # EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the Emergency Control Centre would appraise the site controller. Site controller verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the shift in charge and takes a decision about implementing on Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident Controllers, Emergency Coordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below SITE CONTROLLER On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Centre and take charge of ECC and the situation and assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of incident controller and decides. Whether affected area needs to be evacuated. Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated. Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren. Organizes announcement by public address system about location of emergency. Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or to be altered. Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in consultation with Incident Controller and other key personnel whether shutting down the Plant or any section of the Plant required and if evacuation of persons is required. Directs personnel of rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire brigade, medical and other designated mutual support systems locally available for meeting emergencies. Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or effects are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs to District Emergency Authority, Police, and Hospital and seeks their intervention and help. Informs Inspector of factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of factories, APPCB and other statutory authorities. Gives public statement if necessary. 7-6 P a g e

105 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves evidences. On completion of on site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear And orders for all clear signal INCIDENT CONTROLLER Assembles the incident control team. Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel minimize damage to the Plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of materials. Directs the shutting down and evacuation of Plant and areas likely to be adversely affected by the emergency. Ensures that all-key personnel help is sought. Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security officer and the local Fire Services as and when they arrive. Ensures that all non-essential workers / staff of the effected areas evacuated to the appropriate assembly points and the areas are searched for causalities. Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into the cause and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency. Coordination on with emergency services at the site. Provides tools and safety equipments to the team members. Keeps in touch with the team and advice them regarding the method of control to be used. Keep the site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - RESCUE, FIRE FIGHTING - On knowing about emergency, rushes to Emergency Control Centre. - Helps the incident controller in containment of the emergency. - Ensure fire pumps in operating conditions and instructs pump house operator to be ready for any emergency. - Guides the firefighting crew i.e. Firemen trained Plant personnel and security staff. - Organizes shifting the firefighting facilities to the emergency site, if required. - Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for firefighting as well as assesses the requirements of outside help. 7-7 P a g e

106 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 - Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area / directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under his guidance and supervision. - Evacuates the people in the Plant or in the nearby areas as advised by site controller. - Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them. - Assembles search and evacuation team. - Arranges for safety equipment for the members of his team. - Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow. - Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary seeks the help of police EMERGENCY COORDINATOR - MEDICAL, MUTUAL AID, REHABILITATION, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION The event of failure of electric supply and there by internal telephone, sets up communication point and establishes contact with the Emergency Control Center (ECC). Organizes medical treatment to the injured and if necessary will shift the injured to nearby hospitals. Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary Keeps a list of qualified first abiders of the factory and seek their assistance. Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements. Makes sure that all safety equipment are made available to the emergency team. Assists Site Controller with necessary data and to coordinate the emergency activities. Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan. Maintains liaison with Civil Administration. Ensure availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation centre. He will be in liaison with Site Controller / Incident Controller. Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue / rehabilitation and emergency expenditure. Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency. Makes available diesel petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation EMERGENCY COORDINATOR ESSENTIAL SERVICES He would assist Site Controller and Incident Controller 7-8 P a g e

107 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed Air / Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting. He would plan alternate facilities in the event of Power failure, to maintain essential services such as lighting, etc. He would organize separate electrical connections for all utilities and during emergency be coordinates that the essential services and utilities are not affected. Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain sections etc to shift in charge and electricians. Ensure availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency materials, spares etc GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES DURING AN EMERGENCY During an emergency, it becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency warning is raised, the workers if they are in charge of process equipment should adopt safe and emergency shut down and attend any prescribed duty as an essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await instructions. He should not resort to spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP EMERGENCY FACILITIES EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE For the time being office block is identified as Emergency control centre. It would have external Telephone & Fax facility. All the Incident controller officers, senior personnel would be located here. The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency control centre (ECC). - Intercom, telephone - P&T telephone - Gas tight goggles / gloves / helmets - Factory layout, site plan - Emergency lamp / torchlight 7-9 P a g e

108 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 - Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, Plant control room, sources of safety equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape routes. - Hazard chart - Hand tools, wind direction, wind velocity indications - Public Address Megaphone, Hand bell, Telephone directories (Internal, P&T) - Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, Emergency coordinator. - Important addresses, telephone numbers such as experts from outside, government agencies neighboring industries etc. - Emergency shut down procedures. - Nominal roll of employees EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY Plant facilities would be connected to Diesel Generator and would be placed in auto mode FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES First Aid Fire fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained as per statutory requirements per TAC Regulations. Since the proposed manufacturing process is wet process & asbestos has got high insulation property, possibility of fire hazard is negligible LOCATION OF WIND SOCK On the top of administrative block wind socks are installed to indicate direction of wind during emergency period EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES Gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc. would be maintained in the medical centre as well as in the emergency control room. Private medical practitioners help would be sought. Government hospital would be approached for emergency help. Apart from Plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of Medical Personnel, Medical facilities in the nearby town would be prepared and updated. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of Burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained. The help of near by industrial managements in this regard would be taken on mutual support basis P a g e

109 REIA report ; Chapter # EMERGENCY ACTIONS EMERGENCY WARNING Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and people outside. An emergency warning system would be established EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN There are number of facilities which can be provided to help in dealing with hazard conditions. The suggested arrangements are # Stop feed # Deluge contents # Transfer contents EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL The area would have adequate number of exits and staircases. In the event of an emergency, unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency shutdown procedure and escape. Time office maintains a copy of deployment of employees in each shift at Emergency Communication Centre. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by rescue teams ALL CLEAR SIGNAL At the end of emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency Coordinators, the site controller orders an all clear signal. 7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE [TOR # 16 (iii), 45 a, b, c] Large industries where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the booms, the industrialization generally brings several problems like occupational health and safety Occupational Health A comprehensive pre-employment Medical examination is being carried out, which include a complete history of the personnel's health and respiratory system. Training programs are being arranged for Employees in health and general safety. Health Insurance coverage is being provided for every worker P a g e

110 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 The fund allocation towards Occupational Health & Safety for employees at factory is Rs. 5,00,000 /- per Annum. The same will be carried out in expansion project also. i. Pre-employment checkup as medical examination is being carried out. X-ray of chest Lung/Pulmonary function test (Spirometry FVC & FEV 1) Sputum Examination Blood test Urine test Complete Physical examination ii. iii. iv. Health records during & after cessation of employment are maintained as per factory act Periodicity of health checkups done for yearly for workers working in asbestos related work such as bag handling upto BOD & for other workers & employees. 1. X-ray of chest (once in 3 years) 2. Lung/Pulmonary function test (once in a year) 3. Sputum Examination (once in a year) 4. Blood test (once in a year) 5. Urine test (once in a year) 6. Complete Physical examination (once in a year) Health education information on risk related to asbestos & other fibres & smoking are being frequently given to all the workers. v. Within one month of medical examination the information are being given to respective worker or employee. vi. vii. viii. ix. Regular checking of Exposure areas are being done by Environment department with trained staff. Regular medical examination of workers and health monitoring of the employees are being carried out and records maintained upto minimum 40 years from the beginning of employment or 15 years after retirement or cessation of employment whichever is later. Competent occupational health physicians have already been appointed to carry out medical surveillance. BIS code of practices specified are being followed. x. The noise levels in the critical areas are being monitored regularly and the workers at high noise generating areas will undergo audiometric tests once in six months. Please refer to the ANNEXURE 8 for the Health reports of the workers in the existing plant P a g e

111 REIA report ; Chapter # CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION There will not be any Construction activities proposed in the expansion project. Hence there will not be any occupational health problems envisaged at this stage OPERATION & MAINTENANCE Workers employed in collection, transport or disposal of asbestos waste who may be at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos, have been provided with suitable protective clothing and respiratory equipment like Nose Masks made of cotton clothing material Coveralls or similar full-body work clothing; Gloves, head coverings, and foot coverings Welders equipment for eye and face protection Cylindrical type earplug Ear plugs Canister gas masks Leather apron Safety belt / line man s safety belt Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm Industrial safety shoes with steel toe 7.4 SAFETY PLAN Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency plan. The disaster in Project is possible due to collapse of structures and fire / explosion etc. The details of firefighting equipment to be installed are given below. Fire Extinguishers Fire buckets Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance phases, VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD has formulated safety policy with the following regulations. To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of Plants, machinery and equipment. To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work P a g e

112 REIA report ; Chapter # 7 To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees. To provide where ever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing and to ensure their proper use. To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in the work which are known to be potentially hazardous to health and safety? To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary changes from the safety point of view in the light of experience and up to date knowledge. To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at work. To provide appropriate instructions, training and supervision to employee s health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters. To ensure proper implementation of fire preventive methods and an appropriate fire fighting service along with training facilities for personnel involved in this service. To publish / notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language employees. To prepare separate safety rules for each type of process involved. To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all buildings, equipment, work places and operations SAFETY ORGANISATION CONSTRUCTION AND ERECTION PHASE There will not any construction activities proposed for expansion project OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance with the requirement of factories act and their duties and responsibilities should be as defined thereof SAFETY CIRCLE In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should meet for about an hour every week P a g e

113 REIA report ; Chapter # SAFETY TRAINING A full-fledged training centre is being established at VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD. Safety training is being provided by the safety officers with the assistance of faculty members called from professional safety institutions and universities. In addition to regular employees, contractor laborers are also being given safety training. To create safety awareness safety films are being shown to workers and leaflets etc. are being distributed. Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire watching system strengthens fire prevention and firefighting HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN [TOR # 16 (iii)] All the required personal protective equipment is being given to the workers to prevent them from Mesothalmia, Lung cancer and Asbestosis related problems. Nose mask & protective cloths are regularly given to concerned workers working in hazardous area. These clothing s are cleaned with vacuum cleaners in a cabin before & end of the workers duty, Separate bathrooms have been provided for washing of cloths. All the potential occupational hazardous work places are being monitored regularly. The health of employees working in these areas is being monitored once in a year. The same will be continued after expansion also ACTION PLAN FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OHS STANDARDS AS PER OSHAS/USEPA All the OHS standards as per OSHAS / USEPA are being implanted / will be implemented in the existing / proposed expansion project. 7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of direct / indirect employment opportunities due to the increase in Production capacity of the plant, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. The project creates employment to about 100 persons though Direct employment & 100 persons through indirect employment after the expansion. 7.6 R & R ACTION PLAN No Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plan has been envisaged in the proposed expansion project. As the proposed expansion project will be taken up in the existing plant premises only P a g e

114 REIA report ; Chapter # 8 CHAPTER VIII PROJECT BENEFITS The proposed expansion project will benefit the local area in the following ways. 8.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Once the production capacity of existing plant increases automatically the revenue of the Village will be improved. Due to this, the socio-economic status of the local people will improve and there by the existing infrastructure facilities like Road network, communication systems will further improved. 8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE With the implementation of the proposed expansion project, the socio-economic status of the local people will improve substantially. Primary health centre have already been established and medical facilities will certainly improve due to the proposed project. 8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL The proposed expansion project creates employment to about 100 persons though Direct employment & 100 persons through indirect employment. DETAILS OF MAN POWER REQUIREMENT S No. Category Existing Proposed Expansion Total After Expansion 1. Staff Workers Contract Labours Total OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS [CSR activities being undertaken in the Existing plant] [TOR # 55] Visaka Charitable Trust Visaka Industries Limited as a responsible corporate citizen has the view that corporates who benefit from the society must give back something to the society; that an organization with the power to affect human lives must use the power wisely, and not abuse it. With this as its central philosophy, the Visaka Charitable Trust set up in the year 2000, has donated over Rs. 10 million for social causes like education and clean drinking water to the poor in various parts of the country. It continues to outstanding work, touching thousands of lives every day. 8-1 P a g e

115 REIA report ; Chapter # 8 Installation of Bore Wells for safe drinking water Class rooms for schools in under developed areas Donating funds for Education of children Facilitating water for irrigation purpose to weaker sections Health & Eye care camps for rural people Building of bus shelters for better facilities Donation of patrolling vehicles to police dept. Care for the Children with Heart Ailments Visaka International Cricket Stadium promoting sports 8-2 P a g e

116 REIA report ; Chapter # 9 CHAPTER IX Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis At scoping stage Environmental Cost Benefit analysis was not recommended. The estimated project cost of the proposed expansion of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2, 40,000 TPA is Rs 25.0 crores of which Rs lakhs will be incurred towards implementation of Environmental Management Plan. All required Emission control systems will be upgraded and operated to comply with the MOEF/CPCB /APPCB Norms. 9-1 P a g e

117 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 CHAPTER X Environmental Management Plan (TOR # 51 & 52) 10.0 INTRODUCTION The major objective and benefit of utilizing Environmental Impact Assessment in project planning stage itself, is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and values as a result of Environmental Management. Environmental Management includes protection / mitigation / enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring programme. Environmental management may suggest revision of project site or operation to avoid adverse impacts or more often additional project operations may have to be incorporated in the conventional operation. The industrial development in the study area needs to be intertwined with judicious utilization of non-renewable resources of the study area and with in the limits of permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion, and removal due to Physico-chemical and biological processes. The Environment Management Plant (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the study area of the proposed plant site, hence it needs to be an all encompassive plan for which the proposed industry, Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control Board working in the region and more importantly the affected population of the study area need to extend their cooperation and contribution. It has been evaluated that the study area has not been affected adversely and is likely to get new economical fillip. The affected environmental attributes in the region are air quality, water quality, soil, land use, ecology and public health. The Management Action Plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. Environmental Management aims at the preservation of ecosystem by considering the pollution abatement facilities at the plant inception. In the upcoming modern Asbestos manufacturing units, pollution abatement has become an integral part of planning and design along with Techno economic factors P a g e

118 REIA report ; Chapter # MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Environmental pollution is inevitable during the construction phase. The project proponent should take appropriate steps to control pollution during construction phase. The following are the factors requiring control during construction phase SITE PREPARATION No major levelling operations are envisaged. During dry weather conditions it is necessary to control dust nuisance created by excavation and transportation activities. Water sprinking will be done to reduce dust emissions. Hence there will not be any soil and debris and produce unstable material. No leveling operations will be carried out for the proposed project WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION The existing water supply and sanitation facilities are adequate for the proposed expansion project also. As there will not be any major construction activities proposed for the proposed production capacity enhancement NOISE No Noise pollution is anticipated during the construction, as the construction activities are minimum in the proposed expansion project MAINTENANCE OF VEHICLES One should be very careful in selecting the site for vehicle maintenance, so as to prevent the ground water contamination due to the spillage of oil. Both diesel and petrol engine vehicles shall be maintained properly. Unauthorized dumping of waste oil should be prohibited. Wastes should be disposed off to the APPCB approved vendors WASTE There will not be any solid waste generation due to the proposed expansion activity STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL The following hazardous materials need to be stored at the site during modifications in the existing plant & machinery. a. Gas for welding purpose b. LDO c. Painting materials All these materials would be stored as per international safety standards P a g e

119 REIA report ; Chapter # LAND ENVIRONMENT The proposed expansion project will not create any major impact on land environment. As there will not be any construction activities envisaged for the proposed expansion project POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE (TOR # 22 (vi) & 51) AIR EMISSION MANAGEMENT The following Air pollution control systems are already provided in the existing plant. PC Equipment may be required to run for longer period to control the emissions due to the increased production capacity. S. No. Stack attached to Control Equipment Provided Note: Stack Height (m) Particulate emission at the outlet of Stack 1 Fibre processing section Bag Filter 18.0 < 2 mg/nm 3 2 Cement feeding section Bag Filter 18.0 < 50 mg/ Nm 3 3 Fly Ash feeding section Bag Filter 18.0 < 50 mg/ Nm 3 As per the Consent to operate issued by honorable Board the out let Dust emission standard prescribed for existing Cement & fly ash feeding section is 115 mg/ Nm 3. However after expansion due to the modifications in the Air emission Control systems the emissions will be further brought down. Sources of Air Emissions from Asbestos fibre handling and processing [TOR # 49] The asbestos dust is generally generated at the following operations: During the cutting of pressure packed asbestos bags mechanically. While feeding the opened asbestos fibre bags to the charger of the mill. While charging the fibre in to the mill. While milling the fibre. All the laws regarding use and handling of asbestos are being strictly followed and will be continued after expansion also. Automatic handling / opening of asbestos fiber bags system is provided which is adequate to handle the additional capacity enhancement. Fully automatic asbestos fiber debagging system has already been installed in the existing plant, which is adequate after expansion also. Dust collectors have already been installed in the existing plant to control air emissions, which are sufficient after Expansion also P a g e

120 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 Bags containing asbestos fibre are stored in enclosed area to avoid fugitive emission of asbestos fibre from damaged bags, if any and the similar practice will be continued after expansion also. Compliance with the total dust emission limit of 5 mg/nm 3 for fibre processing section as notified under EP Act Adequate measures to achieve Stack emission of asbestos fibre not to exceed 0.2 fibre / cc and work zone area dust levels not to exceed 0.1 fibre / cc. Floor is being cleaned by vacuum cleaner only and similar practice will be continued after expansion also. Extensive greenbelt has already taken up all around the plant area to further reduce the emissions. Specification of Bag Filter for Fibre Section Fan Capacity : 5400 m 3 /hr. centrifugal fan. Motor : 10 Hp x 3000 rpm. Fan speed : 3000 rpm. Bags Cleaning : Reverse pulse jet with sequential Timer. No. of bags : 36 nos. Size : Dia. 150mm x 2050 mm Length. Filtering Area : 35 sq.m CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM PROPOSED ASBESTOS UNIT (TOR # 22 (xi) & 23) i. Cement Feeding section ii. Fly Ash Feeding Section 1. These sections are provided with identical Bag filter (with auto cleaning system) type provided with stacks of adequate height. 2. Compliance with the total dust emission limit of 50 mg/nm 3 for Fly ash & Cement feeding section. 3. All the internal roads are already made pucca to reduce the fugitive dust emission due to the vehicular movement. Specifications of bag filter connected to Cement & fly ash feeding sections Fan Capacity : 7500 m 3 /hr. Motor : 20 Hp Fan speed : 3000 rpm. Bags Cleaning : Reverse pulse jet with sequential Timer P a g e

121 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 No. of bags : 64 nos. Size : Dia. 150mm x 3650 mm Length. Filtering Area : 110 sq. m DUST SUPPRESSION SYSTEM Water sprinklers will be provided at the unloading areas of the raw materials for dust suppression. Dust suppression system with plain water - comprising piping network, valves pumps, instrumentation & control, water tank etc. will be provided INTERNAL ROADS All internal roads will be made pucca to prevent the fugitive dust emission due to vehicular movement COMPLIANCE ON CREP RECOMMENDATIONS [TOR # 48] No separate CREP recommendations have been stipulated for Asbestos plant. However all required environmental management systems are being / will be implemented and operated to comply with MoEF / CPCB / APPCB norms. All the codes stipulated by BIS will be strictly implemented GOOD HOUSE KEEPING During the maintenance period these milling machines are cleaned with the assistance of vacuum cleaners, sprinkling of water to zero down the flotation of dust. Recommendations a) The proposed air pollution control equipment will be adequate to take care of air emission even after expansion. b) All the internal roads will be made pucca to reduce the fugitive dust due to truck movement WATER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT [TOR # 27, 34, 37, 41 & 52] No process water will be discharged and zero discharge will be adopted and entire process effluent will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process. The domestic wastewater will be treated in Septic tank followed by Soak pit. No waste is disposed either in liquid or solid form and there is no possibility of leaching. The small amount of waste water generated is recycled back into the process itself P a g e

122 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 There is no possibility of Oil and grease getting mixed with water in the process. There is no effluent discharged in to the soil. Therefore there is no possibility of pollution and contamination into the ground and ground water. Also no stock piles exist. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on water environment due to the proposed expansion project SOLID WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL (TOR # 21, 29 & 52) Entire solid waste generated including process, sheet cuttings, rejects, dust from bag filters will be recycled and reused in the manufacturing process. The cut and damaged fibre bags will be immediately repaired with adhesive tape to ensure no spillages. The empty bags of the fibre are shredded to convert in fine particles and are used in the process along with raw material. The following are the details of solid waste generation SR. NO DESCRIPTION QUANTITY DISPOSAL 1 Rejected materials in the 1044 TPA- Existing (max) Recycled into the form of A.C. Sheets 1600 TPA-after expn (max) process. pieces. HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION Sr No Description Quantity Disposal 1 Asbestos Containing Residue 2 Used /Waste lub oil /Spent oil 36 TPA- Existing (max) 36 TPA- after expn (max) 1 KL/Yr.- existing (max) 1.5 KL/yr- after expn (max) Recycled into the Process Used for lubrication purpose within the plant NOISE LEVEL MANAGEMENT The major noise generating sources in the plant will be machinery and DG sets. All machinery will be manufactured as per MoEF guidelines. The major noise levels will be confined to the working zones of the plant. The Leq of eight hours will be within the prescribed standards. Community noise levels are not likely to be effected due to the thick green belt which has already been developed and attenuation due to the physical barriers. The ambient noise levels will be less than 75 dba during day time & less than 70 dba during night time. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on nearby habitations due to the proposed expansion project activities P a g e

123 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 Recommendations a) The impact can reduce by adopting shock absorbing techniques. b) Ear plugs shall be provided to the workers and this shall be enforced strictly. c) Extensive greenbelt shall be developed for further attenuating the noise levels LAND ENVIRONMENT All the required Air emission Control systems will be provided in the proposed project. There will not be any effluent generation from the proposed activities, as closed circuit cooling system will be adopted. All the solid waste generated will be recycled into the process. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on land environment due to the solid waste generated from the proposed project activities. Hence there will not be any impact on land environment due to the proposed project. Extensive greenbelt development will have positive impact on land environment. Land prices in the area will increase due to the proposed project. Recommendations Landscaping can be done around the Administrative building, raw material storage sheds etc. This will help in preserving the ecological conditions MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY There are no National Parks, Wild life sanctuaries, Bird sanctuaries, within 10 Km. radius of the site. No significant vegetation occurs in and around the project site. No significant fauna exists in the area. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora & fauna due to the proposed project. Recommendations Plantation programme should be undertaken at several areas. They should include plantation, along the internal and external roads and along the administrative buildings and the stacking yards. People should be educated and trained in social forestry activities by local governmental and non-governmental organizations GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT [TOR # 42 & 53] Extensive greenbelt is already been developed with in the plant premises. This will further mitigate the pollution impacts. 10 m wide greenbelt has already been developed all around 10-7 P a g e

124 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 the plant. A detailed greenbelt plan will be developed in as per CPCB guidelines in consultation with local DFO. Please refer to ANNEXURE -6 for Greenbelt plan. Greenbelt plantation Extensive Greenbelt is developed in a set of rows of trees planted in such a way that they form an effective barrier between the plant and the surroundings. The main purpose of greenbelt development is to contribute to the following factors. To maintain the ecological homeostasis. To attenuate the air emissions and the fugitive dust emissions. To prevent the soil erosion. To attenuate the noise levels. Plantation of grass, flowers, bushes and trees will be taken up to reduce the generation of dust from the bare earth and to enhance the aesthetic value. Plantation species Plantation species will be considered based on the following. Suitable to the Geo-climatic conditions of the area. Mix of round, spreading, oblong and conical canopies. Ever green trees. Different heights ranging from 4m to 20m. Plantation for arresting dust Trees particularly having compact branching closely arranged leaves of simple elliptical and hairy structure, shiny or waxy leaves and hairy twigs are efficient filters of dust. The following species are suggested to arrest the dust Alstonia Scholaris Bauhinia purpurea Cassia siamea Peltoferrum ferrugineum Butea monosperma Tamarindus indica Azadirachta indica Plantation to absorb SO 2 emissions The following plants are suggested for plantation to absorb SO 2 in the air. Azadirachta indica Albizia lebbeck 10-8 P a g e

125 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 Alstonia scholaris Lagerstroemia flosregineae Melia azedarach Minusops elangi Plantation to reduce noise pollution Trees having thick and flushy leaves with petioles are suitable. Heavier branches and trunks of trees also deflect the sound waves. The following plant species are suggested to reduce noise pollution. Alstonia scholaris Azadirachta indica Melia monosperma Grevillea peridifolia Tamarindus indica Greavillea robusta Plantation along the roads (Avenue plantation) Alstonia scholaris Cassia fistula Bauhinia purpurea Mimusops elangi Pongamia pinnata Polyalthia longifolia Poluferrum ferrugineum Lagerstroemia flosreginea Cassia siamea. Greenbelt development plan Local DFO will be consulted in developing the green belt. Greenbelt of 15 Acres will be developed (inclusive of existing Acres) in the plant premises. 10 M wide greenbelt is already been developed all around periphery of the plant. The tree species selected for the plantation are pollutant tolerant, fast growing, wind firm, deep rooted. Greenbelt will be developed as per CPCB guidelines. 600 plants will be planted per acre as per CPCB norms P a g e

126 REIA report ; Chapter # RAINWATER HARVESTING (TOR # 26, 27 & 36) Rain water harvesting structures will be constructed to harvest the run-off water from roof tops by laying a separate storm water drainage system for recharging of ground water. The following is the Plan for rain water harvesting measure at plant site. Total Area = M 2 Average annual rainfall = 1030 mm Quantum of Rain water that can be harvested from the premises a) Average annual rainfall = 1.03m b) Runoff co-efficient Runoff co-efficient for Roof area = 90% Runoff co-efficient for Roads and Paved area = 80% Runoff co-efficient for Open area = 40% Runoff co-efficient for Green belt area = 20% c) Details of Rain water harvesting potential Type of area Runoff Rainwater Total Area Rainfall in Co-efficient Collection (Sq.m) m (1030 mm) (%) Potential, (M 3 ) Roof top area 56, ,521 (inclusing Plant area & Storage Yards) Roads & Paved Area 12, ,004 Open Area 12, ,002 Green belt 60, ,505 Total 1,41,640 80,032 The potential rain water that can be collected will be 80,032 cu.m/year P a g e

127 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE Our water requirement for existing & expansion project will be 280 KLD. The source of water will be from bore well. Presence of aquifer / aquifers within 1 km of the project boundaries [TOR 30] Single aquifer system occurs in general of m bgl (below ground level), around the Study area. Recharge to ground water by rain water harvesting and the structures generally used are : Pits :- Recharge pits will be constructed for recharging the shallow aquifer. These are constructed 1 to 2 m, wide and to 3 m. deep which are back filled with boulders, gravels, coarse sand. Trenches:- These will be constructed when the permeable stram is available at shallow depth. Trench may be 0.5 to 1 m. wide, 1 to 1.5m. deep and 10 to 20 m. long depending up availability of water. These are back filled with filter materials. Dug wells:- Existing dug wells will be utilized as recharge structure and water should pass through filter media before putting into dug well P a g e

128 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 Hand pumps :- The existing hand pumps will be used for recharging the shallow/deep aquifers, if the availability of water is limited. Water should pass through filter media before diverting it into hand pumps. Recharge Shafts :- For recharging the shallow aquifer which are located below clayey surface, recharge shafts of 0.5 to 3 m. diameter and 10 to 15 m. deep are constructed and back filled with boulders, gravels & coarse sand POST PROJECT MONITORING STRATEGY The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary which part of the environmental protection measures is. Monitoring is an important feature because the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. A comprehensive monitoring programme is given under. Locations and frequency of monitoring as per the guidelines of APPCB and MOEF are tabulated below. MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS S. No. Particulars Frequency of Monitoring 1. Water & Waste water quality A. Water quality in the Once in 6 months area except for heavy metals which will be monitored on Duration of sampling Parameters required to be monitored Grab sampling As per IS: quarterly basis. B Waste water Once in Month Composite sampling (only sanitary wastewater) As per IS: Air Quality A. Stack Monitoring Once in a month Fibre & PM B. Ambient Air quality Once in a month (for each location) Personal /Static Fibre Count C. Fugitive emission monitoring 3. Meteorological Data Meteorological data to be monitored at the plant. Once in a month Once in a month Daily 24 hrs continuously Continuous monitoring PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2 & NO x Particulate matter, Fibre Temperature, Relative Humidity, rainfall, wind direction & wind speed P a g e

129 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 Infrastructure for Environmental Protection Man Power The project proponent shall provide a fully equipped laboratory to carry out the analysis. The following manpower shall be provided on regular basis. 1. Chemist He should be a qualified chemist to carry out the analysis of various samples. He will be responsible for implementing and monitoring the environmental impacts and all the safety aspects. He should be a laisioning officer between the proposed plant and with regulatory agencies like APPCB, CPCB etc. 2. Monitoring equipment and Consumables Environmental monitoring during the operation phase of the plant is being entrusted to a third party. Monitoring is being carried out as per CPCB/APPCB norms and the same will be continued after expansion also. A budgetary allocation of Rs. 8 Lakhs (for Existing & Expansion) will be earmarked for Environmental monitoring. 3. Noise levels A sound level meter is used to record noise levels in different scales like A, B and C with slow and fast response options at various generating source from D.G set which is being used only when there is an interruption in the power supply of Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd BIS STANDARDS ON ENVIRONMENT & SAFETY FOR ASBESTOS SHEET MANUFACTURING UNITS IS: Method of determination of airborne asbestos IS: Recommendations of safety and health requirements IS: Recommendations for cleaning of premises and plants IS: Recommendations for disposal of asbestos waste material IS:11769(P-I)1987 Guidelines for safe use of Asbestos Cement products IS:11770 (P-I) 1987 Recommendations of control of emissions of asbestos dust IS: Recommendations for personal protection of workers engaged in handling Asbestos IS: Recommendations for Packing, transport and storage of Asbestos IS: Recommendations for local exhaust ventilation systems in premises IS:12081 (P-I)-1987 Recommendations for pictorial warning signs and precautionary notices Workplaces P a g e

130 REIA report ; Chapter # 10 IS:12081 (P-2)-1987 Recommendations for pictorial warning signs and precautionary notices-asbestos and its products 10.4 ACTION PLAN FOR COMPLIANCE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF THE HON BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA (TOR # 46) S.No Supreme Court Directions 1 To maintain and keep maintaining the health record of every worker up to a minimum period of 40 years from the beginning of the employment or 15 years after retirement or cessation of the employment whichever is later. VIL Compliance Status Medical examination of employees are carried out by competent occupational health physician periodically for lung functional test(pft), X-ray, general medical check-up & other relevant tests recommended by the physician based on the findings. 2 The Membrane Filter Test to detect asbestos fibre should be adopted by all the factories or establishments at par with the Metalliferrous Mines Regulations, 1961 and Vienna Convention and Rules issued thereunder. 3 All the factories whether covered by the Employees State Insurance Act or Workmen's Compensation Act or otherwise are directed to compulsorily insure health coverage to every worker. 4 The Union and the State Governments are directed to review the standards of permissible exposure limit value of fibre/cc in tune with the international standards reducing the permissible content as prayed in the writ petition referred to at the beginning. The review shall be continued after every 10 years and also as an when the I.L.O. gives directions in this behalf consistent with its recommendations or any Conventions. Pre employment tests are being carried out as per factory act and all records pertaining to health checkup are maintained as per IS The membrane filter tests in work place are being adopted regularly and reports are submitted to state pollution control board & MoEF. In addition to that the asbestos fiber count in the work zone and stack are tested by a competent & approved third party monitoring agency. All our employees are covered under medical insurance. The air pollution measurement in relation to fibre/cc is monitored regularly & maintained as per the latest prescribed limit and the reports are submitted to the state pollution control board & MoEF 10.5 COST OF THE PROJECT The estimated project cost of the proposed expansion of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2, 40,000 TPA is Rs 25.0 crores of which Rs 50.0 lakhs will be incurred towards implementation of Environmental Management Plan P a g e

131 REIA report ; Chapter # COST FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION VIL will incur an amount of rupees 50 Lakhs to implement the Environmental Management Plan. S No. Description of items Rs in Lakhs 1 Air pollution (Bag filters, Stack etc.) 20 2 Water pollution Control 10 3 Solid waste management 10 4 Others(Dust suppression, Landscaping, Green belt 5 development 5 Occupational health 5 Total 50 Recurring Cost P a g e

132 REIA report ; Chapter # 11 CHAPTER XI Summary 1. The bag opening device & the edge runner mill shall be kept under negative pressure by tapping it on to a Bag Filter Type Dust Collector with pulse jet and with a blower (capacity of 6000 m 3 /hr) driven by a 15 Hp motor. The dust collector emission is let out through a 18 M tall stack.the out let fibre dust emission will be less than 0.2 fibre /cc. 2. Bag filters (with auto cleaning system) are already been provided with stacks of adequate height to existing Cement Feeding & Fly Ash Feeding Sections, the same will be upgraded to handle the proposed expansion capacity. 3. All the internal roads are already been made pucca to reduce the fugitive dust emission due to the vehicular movement. 4. The Resultant Ground Level Concentrations of SO 2, NO X & PM 10 in the post project scenario are within the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) stipulated by MOEF vide notification dated Hence there will not be any adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed capacity enhancement. 5. Energy meters have already been provided to air pollution control systems to ensure continuous operation of the control systems. 6. Raw material unloading areas have already been provided with water sprinklers to suppress the fugitive dust. 7. No process water will be discharged and zero effluent discharge will be adopted and entire process effluent will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process. The sanitary wastewater will be treated in a Septic Tank followed by Soak pit. Hence there will not be any adverse impact on water environment due to the proposed expansion project. 8. Entire solid waste generated including process, sheet cuttings, rejects, dust from bag filters will be recycled and reused in the manufacturing process Acres of extensive greenbelt (inclusive of existing Acres) will be developed to further mitigate the impacts on Air environment & Noise environment P a g e

133 REIA report ; Chapter # 12 CHAPTER XII Disclosure of Consultants engaged PIONEER ENVIRO LABORATORIES & CONSULTANTS (P) LTD is QCI-NABET accredited & ISO certified company. It is one of the leading Environmental Consultancy organizations in South India and Chhattisgarh. Established in 1996 PIONEER ENVIRO has an excellent track record of serving several well established Group companies across the Country. PIONEER ENVIRO is a team of professionals in various disciplines such as Environmental Engineering & Environmental Management. The team is slated to double in next two years. Our goals are to provide all of our clients with quality services at a fair, competitive price. By offering a turnkey service (excepting some specific areas), we can maximize the efficiency of data collection so that our clients pay one time for similar services. The technologies deployed at PIONEER ENVIRO are current and leading edge, duly validated. PIONEER ENVIRO has an exceptional team of Environment professionals. PIONEER ENVIRO has the expertise to assess the impact of various industrial activities such Power Plants, Steel Plants, Distilleries, Cement Plants etc., on the environment. These assessments will help the industry to install the best Environmental Management Systems and to maintain the plant in accordance with the norms stipulated for ISO & ISO PIONEER ENVIRO services range from site assessments, environmental audits, environmental impact statements and risk assessments to waste management. Following are some of the services which are PIONEER ENVIRO core competency: Helping the client to select the suitable site as per the norms of Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control Boards in India. Environmental Impact assessment studies carried out as per the guidelines issued by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India and State Pollution Control Boards in India. Environment Audits. Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Studies. Occupational health & industrial hygiene. Solid waste management P a g e

134 REIA report ; Chapter # 12 Environmental baseline studies covering the fields of ambient Air, Surface water, Ground water, Soil, Noise and Biological Environment (Flora & Fauna). Stack Emission Monitoring, Effluent Analysis, Ground water analysis P a g e

135 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 1.0 INTRODUCTION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (SUMMARY ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT) VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED Expansion from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA M/s. Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) is proposed to go for expansion of the existing Corrugated cement fibre sheet plant capacity from 1, 20,000 TPA to 2,40,000 TPA with in the existing plant area of 35 acres, near Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal,Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh. The total capacity of the plant after expansion will be 2, 40,000 TPA. Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), New Delhi issued a new Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA); Notification S.O on and Amendment to EIA Notification, 2006 issued vide S.O. 3067(E) dated 1 st December, As per the notification, the proposed project is categorized as Category A, which necessitates obtaining the Environmental Clearance from Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC), MoEF, New Delhi. As per the new notification, Visaka Industries Limited has submitted the necessary application to Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC), MoEF, New Delhi for approval of Terms of Reference (TOR). The Terms of Reference approved by the Expert Appraisal Committee in its meeting held on 23-25/09/2010 LETTER NO. vide F.NO.J-11011/341/2010-IA-II (I) dated TABLE 1.1: SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT SITE Village Mandal District State Altitude Latitude Longitude Soil Type Land Availability Location of Project Jujjuru Veerulapadu Krishna Andhra Pradesh 50 ma Annual Rainfall Average (mm) 800 Nearest Highway Nearest Railway Station Nearest Airport Nearest Town N E Black soils 35 acres NH km Vijayawada 32.0km Vijayawada 44.0km Vijayawada 30.0km 1

136 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P Nearest Village Water bodies Reserved Forests Archaeological/ Historically important areas Sanctuaries / National Parks Sensitive Places Seismic Zone(As per 1893) Jujjuru 1.5km Chinnaraopalem Kms. Jujjuru Pond 1.5km (W) Enugugadda Vagu 1.0km (E) Wira River 7.7 Kms. Kondapalli R.F. 2.7 kms. None None None Zone I RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT The raw materials required are Asbestos fibre & other fibres (8 to 9%), Binders cement & fly ash materials (45 to 47% and 27% respectively). The details of raw material requirements are given in Table 1.2. TABLE 1.2: DETAILS OF RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS Quantity Mt/Month SNo. Raw Materials Existing Proposed Total Source Expansion After Expansion 1 Asbestos Fibre Imported from Brazil,Canada, Russia & Zimbambawe 2 Cement-OPC Cement plants 3 Fly Ash Thermal Power Plants 4 Pulp Local Markets Total WATER REQUIREMENT: The water requirement will be around 140 KLD for process and Domestic purposes. This requirement will be met by bore wells within the project site. An overhead tank is also envisaged. Details of water requirement are presented in Table 1.3. TABLE 1.3: DETAILS OF WATER REQUIREMENT S No. Area Of Consumption Existing (KLD) Proposed Expansion (KLD) Total After Expansion (KLD) 1 Process Curing Domestic & other (Green) Total

137 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P LAND REQUIREMENT: M/s. Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) has acquired about 35 acres of land near Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal, Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh to set up the proposed expansion of 1,20,000 TPA of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet plant. The land breakup details are presented in Table no.1.4. TABLE 1.4: DETAILS OF LAND BREAKUP Existing (Acres) Proposed Expansion (Acres) Total After Expansion (Acres) Plant & Machinery Store room/yard Internal Roads Green belt Open Space Total MAN POWER REQUIREMENT The man power requirement for the proposed expansion will be around 100 people. The details are presented in Table no.1.5. TABLE 1.5: DETAILS OF MAN POWER REQUIREMENT S No. Category Existing Proposed Expansion Total After Expansion 1. Staff Workers Contract Labours Total POWER REQUIREMENT: The total connected load is 750 KVA which is under HT limits. Proposed power is obtained from APSEB. However, D.G set of 600 KVA in 2 nos. are also proposed to install in the scheme as a stand by to the APSEB connection. 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Manufacturing process of asbestos corrugated sheets is as follows: The unit operates in the manufacture of Asbestos corrugated cement sheet. The process involves milling, mixing, sheet making, moulding, curing and storing. 3

138 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT: The scope of the study includes preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment Report with detailed characterization of various environmental components such as air, noise, water, land, biological and socio economic within an area of 10 km radius around the proposed project site located near Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal & Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh as per the latest guidelines of MoEF. ANALYSIS OF BASELINE CONCENTRATIONS PM 2.5 & PM 10 The minimum and maximum levels of PM 2.5 recorded in the study area were in the range of 7.6 to 16.9 μg/m 3.The minimum and maximum levels of PM 10 recorded within the study area were in the range of 21.1 μg/m 3 to 36.2 μg/m 3. The baseline values of PM 2.5 and PM 10 monitored in the study area during the study period are well within the limits of Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Sulphur dioxide - SO 2 The minimum and maximum level of SO 2 recorded in the study area was in the range of 6.0 μg/m 3 to 14.1 μg/m 3. The baseline values of SO 2 monitored in the study area during the study period are well within the limits of Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Oxides of Nitrogen Nox The minimum and maximum level of NOx recorded within the study area was in the range of 10.2 μg/m 3 to 25.3 μg/m 3. The baseline values of NOx monitored in the study area during the study period are well within the limits of Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 3.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT In order to assess the noise levels in the study area, monitoring was carried out at 9 different locations within 10 km radius of the study area. Noise levels were recorded at each station with a time interval of 60 minutes for 24 hours and were computed for equivalent noise levels for day-equivalent, night-equivalent & day-night equivalent. TABLE 3.6 NOISE LEVELS DURING STUDY PERIOD Equivalent N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 Noise levels Ld Ln Ldn

139 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P It is observed that the noise values recorded are within the prescribed Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise. 3.8 WATER ENVIRONMENT 8 ground water samples from various locations in and around the project site within 10 km radius were collected for assessment of the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality. Methodologies adopted for sampling and analysis were according to the IS methods. Field parameters such as ph, Temperature, do on site. The parameters analysed were compared with IS Surface Water Samples within 10 km Radius: Water samples from 2 surface water bodies have been collected and analyzed as per IS 2296 standards. 3.9 LAND ENVIRONMENT Land Use Pattern Land Use (LU) refers to man s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land Cover (LC) refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, etc shown in EIA, SOIL QUALITY: 6 no. of soil samples were collected and for analyzed for various parameters like texture, infiltration rate, bulk density, ph, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Mn etc SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Any developmental activity will influence the Socio Economic conditions of the population in the region and thus the Quality Of Life (QOL). Socio Economic survey is necessary in EIA report preparation to predict the changes on the social and economic status. Hence base line data for demographic characteristics, occupational status, education, health and amenities existing in the project area have been studied as per DOE guidelines. 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS PREDICTION OF IMPACTS Many scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict impact on physicoecological environment. Mathematical models attempt to qualitatively describe the cause and effect relationship between sources of pollution and different elements of the environment viz. air, noise, water etc. 5

140 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 4.1. PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT In the proposed expansion of VIL unit there are no stacks only process vents are present. As there are no boilers air quality simulation models need not be used. Only vents attached to dust collection systems where collected dust is recycled into the process are present. The impact on air quality due to automobile emission has been predicted to be insignificant because the anticipated increase in vehicular movement due to the proposed project is marginal. The impact of these emissions will be limited to a very short distance. The roads from the nearby towns to the plant site are tar roads and hence the fugitive emissions due to vehicular traffic will be insignificant. The use of the generators is very occasional and as such the impact of its emissions on the air quality will be insignificant. The impacts, if any, will be limited to a very short distance and will also be very occasional. Existing ground level concentrations of ambient air quality monitoring and static air volume sampling also was undertaken as a reference. 4.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT Prediction of potential impacts on noise environment from the proposed project is as important as other components of the environment. The impacts of noise depend mainly on the characteristic of the noise generating sources, topography and atmospheric conditions. Prediction of noise impacts from various sources in the plant have been carried out on occupational health and on surrounding population. Due to the proposed project there will not be any significant increase in Noise levels. Only number of vehicles may increase. Taking into account the prominent sources of noise and increase of vehicles, predictions have been made by taking the total of noise levels and considering it as noise levels due to one source at the centre of VIL. Most of the levels within the proposed factory will be around 60 dba depending on the proximity of an individual to different units. There will be no impact of factory/vil on places more than 150m from centre of the complex. 4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT The proposed VIL plant requires water 140KLD. Total required water will be met by bore wells within the factory premises. Process requires (curing) cu.m/day of water will be totally consumed. Domestic and canteen requires 15 KLD. Others like horticulture needs 10KLD. The process waste water is completely recycled. There is no discharge of effluents and as such no effluent treatment plant is envisaged by the project authorities. However a septic tank is constructed to receive the sewage/canteen wastes. 6

141 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT Solid waste generated will be recycled into the process and no disposal on to the land (Chapter - Environmental management plan). So there will not be much load on land. There is no discharge of liquid effluents on to the land. 4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT POPULATION As the project authorities are adopting modern technology so the manpower requirement is less, i.e. 150 persons. OCCUPATION Increase in industrialization of this area can increase the main workers. LAND USE. The allocated project is situated in Jujjuru area. Increase in population, migration and industrialization will bring more pressure on land. As per the details furnished the plant authorities, provided transportation to and fro from Vijayawada for all the Chief Executives, skilled/semi-skilled workers are coming from the nearby villages. Hence no provision has been made for quarters or labour housing. So there will not be much pressure on land. EDUCATION: There are primary schools in the study area. There are also Secondary and Highschool, respectively available in the study area. VIL will be providing transportation to and fro from Vijayawada/Kanchikacherla for the entire executive and the skilled/semi skilled workers there is no need of schools for the children of VIL employees in the study area. COMMUNICATION Since population increase due to proposed VIL is negligible, no extra communication facilities are envisaged except those installed by VIL. AMENITIES The proposed project activities will improve the general environment in communication by roads, educational and health facilities. The plantation is to be adopted by the proposed project authorities will improve Aesthetic value of the region. On the whole the project will have a favourable ranking with the local inhabitants and will be looked upon as a blessing for development of the area. 5.0 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Environmental monitoring will be conducted on regular basis by VIL to assess the pollution level in the plant as well in the surrounding area. Therefore, regular monitoring program of the environmental parameters is essential to take into account the changes in the environment. 7

142 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY EQUIPMENT The plant will have an in-house environmental laboratory for the outline monitoring of air, water, soil and noise. For all non-routine analysis, the plant may utilize the services of external laboratories and facilities. 6.2 BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN VIL will incur an amount of rupees 50 Lakhs to implement the Environmental Management Plan TABLE 6.1: BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP S No. Description of items Rs in Lakhs 1 Air pollution (Bag filters, Stack etc.) 20 2 Water pollution Control 10 3 Solid waste management 10 4 Others(Dust suppression, Landscaping, Green belt 5 development 5 Occupational health 5 6 Total 50 7 Recurring Cost ADDITIONAL STUDIES SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ARE BEING TAKEN IN STORAGE, TRANSPORT AND HANDLING AREAS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Visaka Charitable Trust Visaka Industries Limited as a responsible corporate citizen has the view that corporates who benefit from the society must give back something to the society; that an organisation with the power to affect human lives must use the power wisely, and not abuse it.. With this as its central philosophy, the Visaka Charitable Trust set up in the year 2000, has donated over Rs. 10 million for social causes like education and clean drinking water to the poor in various parts of the country. It continues to outstanding work, touching thousands of lives everyday. 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The proposed project is expected to yield a positive impact on the socio-economic environment. It helps in sustainable development of this area including further development of physical Infrastructural facilities. The following physical infrastructure facilities will improve due to proposed project. 8

143 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P 9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Visaka Industries Limited (VIL) is proposed the expansion of existing cement fibre sheet plant capacity by an addition of 1, 20,000 TPA with in the existing plant area of 35 acres at Jujjuru village, Veerulapadu Mandal & Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh state. The total capacity of the plant after expansion will be 2, 40,000 TPA. An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to minimize those adverse impacts. It also examines the possible impact on the people, their home land or their livelihoods or to other nearby developments. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT VIL authorities are planning to develop green belt around the plant. Green belt recommendations around the VIL will be evolved for noise pollution control, balancing ecoenvironment, soil erosion /protection, economic sustainance and aesthetics. Greenbelt of 15 Acres will be developed (inclusive of existing Acres) in the plant premises. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT REDUCTION AND RECYCLING OF WASTE Entire solid waste generated including process, sheet cuttings, rejects, dust from bag filters will be recycled and reused in the manufacturing process. The cut and damaged fibre bags will be immediately repaired with adhesive tape to ensure no spillages. The empty bags of the fibre are shredded to convert in fine particles and are used in the process along with raw material. The following are the details of solid waste generation SR. NO DESCRIPTION QUANTITY DISPOSAL 1 Rejected materials in the form of A.C. Sheets pieces TPA- Existing (max) 1600 TPA-after expn (max) Recycled into the process. HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION Sr No Description Quantity Disposal 1 Asbestos Containing Residue 2 Used /Waste lub oil /Spent oil 36 TPA- Existing (max) 36 TPA- after expn (max) 1 KL/Yr.- existing (max) 1.5 KL/yr- after expn (max) Recycled into the Process Used for lubrication purpose within the plant. 9

144 Visaka Industries Limited, Executuve Summary of EIA Report Jujjuru (V), Veerulapadu (M) & Krishna (D), A.P RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM The rain (storm) water from the building roofs, non process area and grade level surfaces will be directed through the open drains to the storm drainage system. The storm water from the storm drainage system will be discharged outside the plant boundary. All drains will be lined and will be arranged to provide the shortest possible drainage path for efficient drainage. Based on the suggestions given by APPCB, rainwater harvesting scheme is being finalized. 10 CONCLUSION The project is designed to comply with the environmental standards, specifically those related to air emission, ambient air quality, effluent standard, and noise. Management is well aware of nature and magnitude of pollutants the proposed project will emit. Keeping the pollutants in view the plant proponent has designed a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP). This EMP will be implemented at different stages of development (Construction Stage and Operation Stage) and specifically targeting to mitigate pollution at source. So that, all the consent norms, specific and general conditions issued in Environmental Clearance for similar projects by MoEF are complied. VIL will implement all environmental mitigation measures proposed in this project report with a capital cost of Rs. 50 Lakhs. 10

145 PLANT PHOTOGRAPHS VISAKA INDUSTRIES LTD. Annexure - 2

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155 ANNEXURE CHEMICAL IDENTITITY MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Chemical Name Magnesium hydrated silicates Chemical Classification : Inorganic base With its crystalline form being fibre Synonyms White Asbestos Trade Name Chrysotile Asbestos Fibre Formula Mg6Si4O10(OH)8 C.A.S. No(EEC No) U.N. No Regulated Identification.. Shipping Name Codes/ Label Hazchem No.: Class 9 Hazardous Waste I.D. No. (Hazardous decomposition none) Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S. No. Hazardous Ingredients C.A.S. No.: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA Boiling Range / Point N.A. Physical State Solid Appearance White dry fibre Melting/ Freezing Point Desydrate above 580 C Vapour Pressure N.A. Odor Odorless At 35 0C, mm Hg Vapour Density N.A. Solubility in water at 30C Insoluble Others (Air=1) Specific Gravity PH Water=1 3. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Flammability No LEL N.A. % Flash Point C N.A. Autoignition C Temperature TDG Flammability N.A. UEL N.A. % Flash Point C N.A. Explosion Sensitivity to Impact Non explosive Explosion Sensitivity to N.A. Hazardous N.A.

156 Static Electricity ANNEXURE - 4 Combustion Products Hazardous Polymerisation will not occur Combustible Liquid Non combustible Explosive N.A. Corrosive Non corrosive Material Material Flammable Material Non combustible Oxidiser N.A. Others Pyrophoric Material N.A. Organic Peroxide 4. REACTIVITY DATA Chemical Stability Incompatibility With other Material Reactivity Stable None Non reactive Hazardous Reaction N.A.. Products 5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA Routes of Entry Inhalation Effects of Exposure / Symptoms Emergency Treatment Acute Effect No immediate reaction to over exposure Chronic Effect Long term over exposure may cause asbestosis, asbestos Airway disease, carcinoma of the lung. Listed as carcinogen potential carcinogen under NTP-OSHA-IARC N.A. TLV ACGIH) ppm mg/m3 STEL ppm mg/m3 Permissible ppm mg/m3 Odour Threshold N.A. ppm mg/m3 Exposure Limit (No LD is specified, work zone limit varies country to country Latest limiting value 0.5 f/cc) LD50 LD50 NPTA Hazard Healthy Flammability Stability Special Signals

157 ANNEXURE PREVENTIVE MEASURES Personnel Protective equipment Clean with HEPA vacuum cleaner. Repair leaks. Repair broken bags. If sweeping is necessary, wet down spillage. Place all material in sealed impermeable containers. Use approved respiratory protective equipments. Handling and Storage Precautions Shrink wrapped packing, palletizing & handling by forklift 7. EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID MEASURE FIRE N.A. RIRE EXTINGUISHING FIRE N.A Special Procedures Unusual Hazards EXPOSURE N.A First Aid Measures Antidotes/Dosages SPILLS Steps to be taken Accidental spillage to be wet Mopped/vacuum cleaned Waste Disposal Method waste to be recycled in wet form 8. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION/REFERENCES 9. MANUFACTURES/SUPPLIERS DATA Name of firem Mailing Address Telehpone/Telex NOS. Telegraphic Address Contact person in Emergency Local Bodies involve Standard Packing Tremcard Details/Ref Other 10. DISCLAIMER Information contained in this material data sheet is belived to be reliable but no representation, guarantee or warranties of any king are made as to its accuracy, suitability for a particular application or result to be obtained from them. It is upto the manufacturer/seller to ensure that the information contained in the material safety data sheet is relevant to the product manufactured/handled or sold by him as the case may be. The Government makes no warranties expressed or implied in respect of the adequacy of this document for any particular purpose. By order of the Governor, Sd/S.C RAY. Deputy Secretary to the Govt. of West Bengal

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160 ANNEXURE -5 Cumulative data base of last 2-3 yrs. for emissions PERSONL SAMPLE(FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT-2009) Date Location Sample condition Permissible value 23/01/2009 Ball Mill E.R.Mill Moulding Despatch Slvaging Area /2/2009 Ball Mill E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Moulding Despatch Main machine /03/2009 Ball Mill Slvaging Area E.R.Mill laboratry /04/2009 Ball Mill Slvaging Area E.R.Mill laboratry /05/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area /06/2009 Ball Mill Main machine Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area /07/209 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill laboratry /8/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill laboratry /9/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill

161 ANNEXURE -5 Slvaging Area Despatch laboratry /10/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Moulding goods area Destacker /11/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Main machine /12/2009 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Fibre Godown PERSONAL SAMPLE (FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT-2010) Date Location Sample condition Permissible value 12/1/2010 Ball Mill E.R.Mill Moulding Fibre Godown Slvaging Area /02/2010 Ball Mill E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Moulding /03/2010 Ball Mill Filing E.R.Mill Moulding /04/2010 Ball Mill Main machine E.R.Mill Moulding /05/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill

162 ANNEXURE -5 Fibre Godown /06/2010 Ball Mill Salvaging area Moulding E.R.Mill Fibre Godown /07/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Salvaging area Fibre Godown /08/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Fibre Godown /09/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Fibre Godown Destacker /10/2010 Ball Mill Fibre Godown E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Main machine /11/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Main machine Fibre Godown /12/2010 Ball Mill Moulding E.R.Mill Slvaging Area Fibre Godown Destacker

163 PERSONAL SAMPLE(FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT-2011) ANNEXURE -5 Date Location Type of sample Sample condition Permissible value 1/1/2011 Ball Mill personal E.R.Mill personal Fibre Godown personal Destacker personal Slvaging Area personal /02/2012 Ball Mill personal E.R.Mill personal Slvaging Area personal Fibre Godown static Despatch Area personal /3/2011 Ball Mill personal E.R.Mill personal Moulding personal Ball Mill personal Main Gate static Fibre Godown static /04/2011 E.R.Mill personal Moulding personal Ball Mill personal Fibre Godown static Salvaging area personal /05/2011 Ball Mill personal Salvaging area personal Destacker personal E.R.Mill personal Fibre Godown personal Main machine personal /06/2011 Moulding personal E.R.Mill personal Salvaging area personal Fibre Godown static Ball Mill personal Main machine static /07/2011 E.R.Mill personal Slvaging Area personal

164 Fibre Godown personal Ball Mill personal Moulding static E.R.Mill personal /08/2011 Fibre Godown personal Workshop personal Ball Mill personal E.R.Mill personal Slvaging Area personal Main machine personal /09/2011 Salvaging area personal Moulding static E.R.Mill personal Destacker personal Fibre Godown personal /10/2011 Ball Mill personal Moulding static E.R.Mill personal Slvaging Area personal Fibre Godown personal Destacker personal /11/2011 Salvaging area personal E.R.Mill personal /11/2011 Ball Mill personal Fibre Godown static /11/2011 Moulding personal /12/2011 Salvaging area personal /12/2011 Moulding personal Fibre Godown static /12/2011 E.R.Mill personal /12/2011 Ball Mill personal ANNEXURE -5

165 ANNEXURE -5 PERSONL SAMPLE(FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT-2012) Date Location type of sample Sample condition Permissible value 23/01/2012 Ball Mill personal /01/2012 E.R.Mill personal /01/2012 Moulding personal /01/2012 Fibre Godown personal /01/2012 Slvaging Area personal /01/2012 Q.C Lab static /02/2012 Ball Mill personal /02/2012 E.R.Mill personal /02/012 Slvaging Area personal /02/2012 Moulding static /02/2012 Fiber Godown static /03/2012 Salvaging area personal /03/2012 Main machine personal /3/2012 E.R.Mill personal /03/2012 Moulding static /04/2012 Ball Mill personal /04/2012 Main machine personal /04/2012 E.R.Mill personal /04/2012 Moulding personal /04/2012 Slvaging Area personal /04/2012 Fibre Godown personal /05/2012 Ball Mill personal /05/2012 Moulding personal /05/2012 E.R.Mill personal /05/2012 Fibre Godown personal /05/2012 Slvaging Area personal /05/2012 Main Gate static /06/2012 Ball Mill personal /06/2012 Salvaging area personal /06/2012 Fabirication Shed personal /06/2012 E.R.Mill personal /06/2012 Fibre Godown static

166 ANNEXURE -5 PERSONL SAMPLE(FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT) By JRL ENVIRONMENT & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES Date Location type of sample Sample condition permisble value 13/11/10 E.R.Mill static E.R.Mill personal Moulding personal Fibre Godown static Slvaging Area personal Work zone cutter off SF Drum personal Ball mill personal Fork lift driver personal stock yard static Main gate static PERSONAL SAMPLE(FIBRE COUNTING ANALYSIS REPORT) Date Location Type of sample Sample condition Permisble value 18/06/2012 E.R.Mill personal E.R.Mill Stactic Fibre Godown Stactic M G Area personal Ball Mill personal F/L Driver personal Cutt off drum personal Slvaging Area personal R M secttion Stactic A C B personal Q C Lab personal Main Gate Stactic

167 Ambient Report from JAN-2011 to DEC-2011 Date Near Admn.Office Near D.G Set Near process Area Done By SPM SO 2 No X SPM SO 2 No X SPM SO 2 No X 27/01/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 19/02/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 26/03/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 19/04/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 29/05/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 21/06/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 27/07/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 20/08/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 13/09/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 17/10/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 04/11/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 19/12/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS PCB norms Stack Report from Jan-2011 to Dec-2011 SPM Value In Mg/Nm 3 DATE D.G Set E.R MILL FLY-ASH SECTION CEMENT SECTION DONE BY 27/01/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 19/02/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 26/03/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 29/05/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 21/06/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 27/07/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 20/08/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 13/09/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 17/10/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 4/11/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 19/12/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS

168 ANNEXURE -5 PCB norms 115 mg/nm 3 2 mg/nm mg/nm mg/nm 3 AMBIENT REPORT FROM JAN-2012 TO DEC-2012 Date Near Admn.Office Near D.G Set Near process Area SPM RSPM SO 2 No X SPM RSPM SO 2 No X SPM RSPM SO 2 No X Done By 11/01/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 24/02/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 02/03/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 26/04/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 15/05/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 23/06/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS PCB norms STACK REPORT FROM JAN-2012 TO DEC-2012 SPM Value In Mg/Nm 3 DATE D.G Set E.R MILL FLY-ASH SECTION CEMENT SECTION DONE BY PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 02/03/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 26/04/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS 15/05/ PARYVARAN LABS (INIA) LTD 23/06/ GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS PCB Norms

169 TOILETS QUARTERS 7.5M WIDE ROAD FIBRE GODOWN GODOWN CEMENT FLY ASH GODOWN 7.5M WIDE ROAD 7.5M WIDE ROAD STEEL SCRAP YARD WASTE MATERIAL YARD CURING AREA 4.0M WIDE ROAD STOCK YARD STOCK YARD CURING AREA STOCK YARD 7.5M WIDE ROAD 7.5M WIDE ROAD MAIN GATE V-BOARD SHED GATE 40' R O A D JUJJUR RANGAPURAM A N N E X U R E - 6

170 Petrological and Chemical analysis and other Chemical properties of Asbestos Fibre ANNEXURE - 7

171 ANNEXURE - 7

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