Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC

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1 Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC Chang-Won Park Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida Start Date = January 4, 2005 Planned Completion = February 28, 2006 Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 1

2 Research Goals and Objectives Objective: Development of a micro-reformer for mobile PEMFCs Approach: Modular reformer design: - Base unit for 10W power (0.3 mol-h 2 /hr) - Volume of the base unit smaller than 100 cm 3. Combination of exothermic catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) and endothermic stream reforming reactions to eliminate the need for an external energy source Single-pass tubular reactor with a catalyst on granular support for higher efficiency. Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 2

3 Relevance to Current State-of-the-Art Mobile PEMFC applications require an integrated reformer due to the difficulty of making a hydrogen storage system portable. New design by the current research offers Improved catalyst incorporation for better efficiency Improved temperature control Improved stacking of modular units Relevance to NASA Compact reformer for aviation applications Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 3

4 Budget, Schedule and Deliverables Total budget: $35,000 Schedule & Deliverables: -1 st Quarter: Design of a new reformer meeting the criteria -2 nd Quarter: Simulation of a gaseous flow through the reformer -3 rd Quarter: Experiment with a glass bead packing - 4 th Quarter: Experiment with a granular catalyst Deliverable: Compact, modular reformer Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 4

5 Anticipated Technology End Use A compact reformer developed by this project should be applicable to a broad range of sizes from a very small micro-reformer for laptops or cell phones to a much larger yet compact one for aviation and automobiles. Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 5

6 Accomplishments and Results Accomplishments: - Simulation of a gaseous flow through a packed tube to determine the structure and the dimension of a compact reformer - Design of a new reformer - Experiment using 200 µm glass bead as a packing material - Provisional US Patent (Serial No. 60/722,469) Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 6

7 Results: - Simulation results suggested that the reaction channel diameter of 2.5mm and 200µm catalyst particles would meet the design criteria. (Feb 05 Report) - New reformer design: (July 05 Report) Features: - 76 x 76 x 18 mm (~104 cm 3 ) - Interlacing of the exothermic reaction zone with the endothermic reaction zone by the end plate design Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 7

8 plate heater for initiation - evaporation zone - CPOX (exothermic) - steam reforming (endothermic) Interlaced flow channels by the end plate design (2) (1) (3) (4) Overall setup: 1. Syringe pump for feed 2. Pressure gauge 3. Insulated reformer 4. Temperature controller Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 8

9 Results: Theoretical calculation vs. measurement - Theory: Ergun equation with quasi-steady approximation - Experiment: methanol, water, 50/50 mixture of the two Pressure Drop (Psi) feed rate for 10W Molar Flow Rate (mol/hr) 250 um theory pure water 50/50 pure methanol Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 9

10 Future Plans Experiment with catalyst: - CuO/ZnO catalyst (MDC-3 of Süd-Chemie) 42% CuO, 47% ZnO, 10% Al 2 O 3 (3.2mm cylindrical pellet) - Granulate into 200 µm particles using a ball mill and sieves - Monitor heat generation and analyze gas output Innovative Design of a Compact Reformer for PEMFC C. Park University of Florida 10

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