Environmental Impact Assessment

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Luke Underwood
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1 Environmental Impact Assessment A brief discussion Presented by: Apekshit Solanki Kirti Neetu Yadav Sameera Vishakha Shankar

2 Introduction EIA is a formal process to predict the environmental consequences of any planned development. Compared 2 different power projects. Jaitapur Nuclear Power Plant. Modification of the Nashik thermal power plant. We have used 2 different tools for the comparison of the projects, to determine the better project.

3 Background In October, 2009, GOI approved the 6 X 1650 MWe NPP at Jaitapur. The total capacity being 10 GWe. NCPIL intends to install these in a phased manner. It is being developed with the help of French multinational Areva. To implement the above, NPCIL requested to acquire 976 Hectares of land. To get the required clearances from MoEF, NEERI was awarded the EIA work.

4 Location

5 Environmental Setting

6 Environmental Setting

7 Environmental Setting Land measuring 693 hectares has been acquired for the PWR type nuclear Power Park. 245 hectares have been acquired for the residential complex at a distance of 5 kms. Not a single family displaced due to project as land is barren. JNPP site falls in CRZ III category.

8 EIA as a Tool (Impacts of JNPP) Barren land with no habitation, and 0.24 ha of vegetation No breeding sites and land based activities No national park or sanctuary within 25 kms from site Poor biodiversity with respect to invertebrates, sea weeds etc.

14 Thermal Power Plant in Nashik, Maharashtra 2x140 MW were in operation with de-rated capacity of 2x125 MW. MAHAGENCO planned to install energy efficient 1x660 MW coal based thermal unit with coal. A total of Ha area was required for the proposed power plant in which 8.66 ha is for Main Plant & Auxilliary unit. A total of MMC /Year of water is required for the power plant and the total coal requirement is 3.44 MTPA. Various tests for conductivity,total hardness,chlorides,cod, BOD and D.O. were conducted to check the environmental conditions.

15 Location

16 Necessary Resources and Availability Input Water Fuel Resource Backwaters of Gangapur Dam reservoir Land Requirement Coal been used in the power plant being replaced Rest from Mahanadi coalfields of Orissa. Private land, already acquired by MAHAGENCO

17 Environmental Setting Nearest Habitation Gangawadi (0.85-km, W) Panchak (3-km,WNW) Nearest Tourist places/archaeological important places. Defence Installations Reserved/Protected forest / Presence of any wildlife migratory corridors, migratory bird paths in study area or presence of Sch-I animals in study area Nil within 15 km radius

18 Impacts during Operational Phase

19 Impacts due to solid waste Area for disposal of ash 277 ha. The disposal of ash will convert this land into non usable land. The ash dumped in the ponds may lead to one or more of the following processes: Leaching of water soluble components from ash into groundwater. Incorporation of the ash into soil matrix.

20 Mitigation measures Fly Ash Slurry Disposal System. Kitchen waste shall be disposed off through vermicomposting and shall be used as manure with sludge from water treatment processes for the development of green belt. Other solid wastes such as empty containers, metal scrap will be sold off to authorized dealers for recycling.

21 Impacts on air quality Indian coal will be used as fuel. Expected released pollutants in the emission will mainly be the Particulate Matter. The concerning emission will be from Point Source.

22 Mitigation measures Zero effluent discharge will be implemented. Minimal impact on the surface water quality. The sources of plant effluent are mainly: CW System blowdown Plant drains and boiler blowdown Oily waste

23 Impacts on Noise Levels Noise levels at the source: db Incremental noise levels will be less than 43.2 db at all the surrounding habitations. The main noise generating stationary sources are pumps, compressors, cooling tower and boilers. Noise levels at the source: db Incremental noise levels will be less than 43.2 db at all the surrounding habitations.

24 Impacts during construction phase Land Environment Air Environment Terrestrial Ecological Water Environment NO MAJOR IMPACT No sensitive receptors No critical pollution zones No major changes expected in land use pattern IMPACT FOR SHORT DURATION REVERSIBLE TEMPORARY Marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NOx, SPM and CO NO MAJOR ADVERSE IMPACTS Vegetation may be disturbed Fugitive dust generated WATER REQUIREMENT IS LOW Sewage generated from the construction workforce Non-point discharges of solids from soil loss IMPACT ON WATER IS NEGLIGIBLE.

25 Network

26 EIA - A tool for comparison Project and non-project scenario Project A and Project B at a given site Site A and Site B for a given project

27 Environmental component Phase of Project Thermal Power Plant Air Environment Construction -Reversible, marginal and temporary impact -Proper maintenance of vehicles, equipment -Water sprinkling on roads and site -Point Source Emission Operation -Released through a stack of 275 m. height. Water Environment Construction -Non-point discharges of solids from soil loss and sewage generated Operation -Zero effluent discharge -Oil water separator Nuclear Power Plant -Small level of pollutants -Proper maintenance of machinery, vehicles -Regular monitoring of conventional pollutants -Radioactive gaseous emissions of magnitude within AERB standards. -Proper monitoring -Impact on aquatic system / ground water - Proper appropriate sanitary facilities for the construction workers. - Construction of oil and water separation facility. -Effective collection & treatment of active liquid effluents. -Provision of on line monitoring for taking appropriate measures -Implementation of rainwater harvesting measures.

28 Land Environment -Segregation of waste -Construction waste used for land filling Construction -Industrial Land used -Use of top soil for green belt development -Ash not disposed but used in construction industry -Temporary effect Operation -Low noise level -Confinement of noise generating equipment. - Job and employment to local people; - construction site to be fenced; - Social, cultural and infrastructural development Construction Operation Noise Environment Socio- economic Environment Construction Operation -Effective collection & segregation of active solid waste - Employees and workers will be provided with ear muffs etc. -Isolation of site Awareness camps, health care; R & R plan; job and employment generation; Social, cultural and infrastructural development

29 Highlights and lessons: Transparency is needed in projects to avoid the the risk occurring from misleading information provided by authorities or people associated with project. A proper timely monitoring is needed where the damage caused due to any negligence can have huge impact on locals and environment. Noise and socioeconomic impacts also needs to be taken into taken apart from land, water and environment. Nuclear power plants are very clean and require minimal amounts of water while thermal power plants are polluting even during operations, polluting air, land and also using massive amounts of water. A drawback of a nuclear power plant is solid waste management of nuclear waste, which if not done properly can cause huge problem.

30 References "Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), grants Environmental Clearance for Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP)" (Press release). Mumbai- India: Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited. 29 November Retrieved 30 November2010. A Gopalakrishnan (3 December 2010). "Reject French reactors for Jaitapur". The Indian Express. Retrieved 3 December "Jaitapur nuclear project: villagers turn down compensation". The Hindu (MumbaiIndia). 25 July Retrieved 29 November Siddhaye, Ninad (26 December 2010). "Jaitapur nuke plant will be a social disaster: TISS report". Daily News and Analysis (Mumbai). Retrieved 27 December Environmental Impact Assessment of Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP) by National Environmental Engineering Research Institute. Environmental Impact Assessment of expansion of Nasik TPP by addition of 1x 660MW coal based Thermal Power Plant at Village Eklahare, Tal-Nasik, Dist-Nasik, Maharashtra

31 Thank you

M/s Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation Pvt. Ltd. is presently operating a 2 x 1.2 MTPA

1.0 INTRODUCTION M/s Hind Energy & Coal Beneficiation Pvt. Ltd. is presently operating a 2 x 1.2 MTPA dry type of coal washery at Village: Hindadih, Tehsil: Masturi, District: Bilaspur (C.G.) for which