Olfa MAHJOUB 1 and Borhane MAHJOUB 2
|
|
- Neal Pierce
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Olfa MAHJOUB 1 and Borhane MAHJOUB 2 1 National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water, and Forestry (INRGREF), Tunisia 2 Higher Institute of Agronomy of Chatt Meriem (ISA CM), Tunisia Egyptian-German Workshop on Sustainable Water Technologies SusWaTec Workshop th February Cairo, Egypt 1
2 Introduction Raising the issue on emerging pollutants Wastewater reuse in Tunisia Treatment Fields of reuse Regulation and standards Potential risks related to reuse Research work on emerging pollutants in Tunisia Initiatives Achievements On-going work Constraints Conclusion Perspectives and Challenges 2
3 3
4 Tunisia Area: km2 Population: inhabitants (Tunis: ); 66.3% in urban areas 60% of the territory is arid to semi arid: - North: humid-humid : 1500 mm/y - Center: semi arid: 400 mm/y - South: arid: 100 mm/y 82% of conventional water resources are in the north (78% surface; 14% shallow GW; 8% deep GW. Agriculture (> ha): 83% of the water resources. 4
5 Renewable water resources > 4,800 millions m 3 /y Water share/cap./y m m 3 in
6 National water strategy : - Mobilization of 90% of the available conventional water resources (currently 93% are exploited: surface and ground waters) - Use of non-conventional water (brakich and treated waste water). Treated wastewater: 7% of the total volume allocated to irrigation and 5% of the available water resources. - In 2021: 10% of available water ressources with the potential transfer through piping of millions m3 for reuse in water demanding remote areas. - Long term: 25,000 ha could be irrigated with TWW. 6
7 Advantages of TWW reuse: - Minimize the discharge of polluted water into the receiving environment mitigate environmental and health risks due to chemical and biological pollutants. - Getting benefit of water, nutrients, organic matter, etc. Drawbacks of TWW reuse: Occurrence of : - Macronutrients (N, P, K) - Salts (Na, B, Cl) - Heavy metals and metalloids (Cd, Cr, Zn, etc.) - Emerging pollutants (organic, metabolites and mother compounds). 7
8 8
9 (Grathwohl et al., 2004) 9
10 High rate of production. High rate of consumption. Continuous discharge in the environment detection in surface waters and sediments. The discharge of these substances is rarely or not regulated. (Schrimer, 2009) 10
11 «Any synthetic or naturally occurring chemical (or any micro-organism) that is not commonly monitored in the environment but has the potential to enter the environment and cause unknown or suspected adverse ecological and (or) human health effects» (after USGS, 2000) «New» contaminants: occurrence, risk assessment, and ecotoxicological effects are not available»... «They are suspicious of causing adverse effects in both humans and wildlife» (after Grathwohl et al., 2004) «are relatively new on WFD regulatory lists and evidence regarding their unforeseen adverse health effects and occurrence in the environment are still emerging» (after 1st European workshop on Emerging Contaminants, EMCO, 2005) On the long-term, chronic exposure to low concentrations may geopardize wilde life and human health 11
12 (Brikett et Lester, 2003) 12
13 13
14 Treated WW: 250 Mm 3 /year: 50% produced in Tunis and suburbs. 110 treatment plants: 2 for industrial effluents; 10 with complementary treatment (filtration/uv) Jendouba Kef Kasserine Bizerte Béjà Zaghouan Sousse Kairouan Sidi Bouzid Nabeul Mahdia Sfax Effluents: domestic origin (80%), secondary treated Some organic pollutants are not efficiently removed/degraded transferred to the receiving environment (surface water, groundwater, soils, etc.) after release. Tozeur Gafsa Gabès Kébéli Tataouine Medenine ONAS,
15 Reuse rate: 20-30%. - Potential area to be irrigated with ha - Agricultural irrigation: 8075 ha (Fruit trees, cereals, fodders, industrial crops) - Golf courses: 1040 ha - Landscaping: 450 ha - Artificial aquifer recharge Gharbi
16 Oued Souhil (1980 s) Aquifer recharge pilot plants Korba (2008) 16
17 Water Code (Law enacted in 1975): - Prohibition of reuse of raw wastewater in agriculture and irrigation of vegetables eaten raw. - Reviewed and amended in Set of decrees (1989): conditions of reuse in agriculture. Tunisian Standards for the agricultural reuse of treated wastewater (NT , 1989) 17
18 18
19 Domaine I : Reuse for agricultural purposes. Domaine II : Irrigation of golf courses, landscaping, and gardens in urban areas. Domaine III : Artificial aquifer recharge through infiltration in aquifers which water is used for irrigation. 19
20 Apart from heavy metals, the former and new standards do not take into consideration the occurrence of emerging pollutants in treated waste water Emerging pollutants are not among the priority pollutants to be regulated for now. 20
21 21
22 National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF) is pioneer in research on wastewater reuse. Regional program (RAB/80/011): : Use of treated wastewater in for crops irrigation and artificial aquifer recharge. Fund: UNDP/Ministry of Agriculture Main objectives - Characterization of TWW (physio-chemical, microbiological ) - Study the impact of reuse on irrigated soils and crops. - Study the impact of sewage sludge use in agriculture. - Feasibility of artificial aquifer recharge. - Contamination of soil and crops by heavy metals - Emerging pollutants have not been studied yet. 22
23 In Tunisia: Research work on the emerging pollutants in water resources started in the early year 2000 s. All work was carried out as joint collaboration projects with foreign Universities (France, Japan). Three leading institutions; all of them associated to foreign research teams: (i) Higher Institute of Biotechnology (Monastir), (ii) Research Center on Water Technologies (CERTE), and (iii) INRGREF. Tunisia: 1st Arab, African country to publish scientific papers on estrogen-like compounds in water. Analyzed samples: aqueous (waste, surface, and ground waters) and solid (soil and sediment) samples. 23
24 Surface water Estrogen -like X Dioxinelike Pesticides Pharmaceuticals Xenobiotics PAHs X Sediments X X PCBs Waste water WW irrigated Soil Ground water X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 24
25 2004: 1st paper on estrogenic compounds in WW (Mnif et al.). 2007: 1st paper on estrogenic compounds in water samples (Limam et al.) 2009: 1st paper on estrogenic compounds in irrigation water, groundwater and soils (Mahjoub et al.) 2010: 1st paper on implication of heavy metals in estrogen-like activity in wastewater (Ben Fredj et al.) 2011: 1st paper on estrogen-like and dioxin-like compounds in wastewater and irrigated soils (Mahjoub et al.). 2012: 1st paper on pharmaceuticals residues and their metabolites in wastewater, groundwater, and soil (Fenet et al.). 25
26 EMerging POllutants in Water and WastewatER in Tunisia: EM-PO-W-ER Tunisia (launched in 2012) - TUBS, ISA Chatt Meriem; funded by DAAD (Germany). Reclaimed Wastewater Use for Agricultural Irrigation in North Africa and the Middle East: Mitigating Human and Environmental Risk in Tunisia (launched in 2012) - UF; funded by USDA (USA). Project proposals on pharmaceuticals residues in water and soil (antibiotics, hormones, etc.). Support from partner institutes and countries 26
27 Lack of awareness of the potential negative impacts of pollutants discharge in water bodies. Lack of information on the potential environmental and health risks of some emerging pollutants, except pesticides. Lack of research work on the occurrence, fate and behaviour of emerging pollutants in the environmental in Tunisia. Lack of expertise, advanced equipments and techniques for identification and quantification of these pollutants in environmental matrices and their effects on the ecological system. Lack of federated projects involving Arab countries to deal with this issue. 27
28 28
29 29
30 Since secondary wastewater still contain emerging pollutants, agricultural irrigation using treated wastewater is one of the contamination routes of groundwater and soils by these pollutants, with some potential long-term unknown effects. TWW SOIL GROUND WATER - Dissolved compounds: estrogenic and dioxin-like effects, pesticides, pharmaceutical residues, etc. - Low level of estrogenic compounds - Dioxin-like compounds (pesticides, PAH) - Build-up of persistent pharmaceutical residues - Irrigation transfer of soluble water compounds: estrogenic compounds, pesticides, and pharmaceutical residues
31 In Tunisia, research on emerging pollutants has registeded several achievements during the last decade. This research field is still on the learning curve. Data are still scattered and several concerns are still not well addressed: absence of an integrated approach. Research on emergings pollutants in wastewater, effluents irrigated area and groundwater is still not well developed in Tunisia. 31
32 32
33 Upgarding the laboratories and improving the skills of the technical staff and researchers are prerequisites to engage in analysis of residues in environmental samples and obtain reliable data. Establishment of a monitoring priority list of the emerging pollutants in the most sensitive environment. Screening and establishment of monitoring strategies (including identification and quantification) of relevant emerging pollutants in water resources. Establishment an integrated approach for the assessment of chemicals of significant risk for humand health and the environment for a better handling of the potential hazardous effects. 33
34 Lighthouse in Hawaria, Tunisia, 2012 THANK YOU
Contribution of wastewater treatment to groundwater protection experiences in Tunisia Part 1: Wastewater treatment the case of Medjerda valley
REPUBLIQUE TUNISIENNE ONAS Contribution of wastewater treatment to groundwater protection experiences in Tunisia Part 1: Wastewater treatment the case of Medjerda valley Khaled MEHREZ National Sanitation
More informationPharmaceuticals Residues in Agricultural Irrigation Water in Tunisia: A Step Forward in Enhancing Knowledge
Pharmaceuticals Residues in Agricultural Irrigation Water in Tunisia: A Step Forward in Enhancing Knowledge O. Mahjoub, E. Fries, D. Fatta-Kassinos, L. Benyahya, S. Chiron World Water Week Stockholm, 27
More informationO) has increased by 0.4% in 2012 to reach a total of 178 million tons of nutrients.
WORLD FERTILIZERS CONSUMPTION Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including
More informationTunis 29 & 30 November Executive summary 19/07/ :43
Tunis 29 & 30 November 206 Executive summary 9/07/206 6:43 Tunisia 2020 2 The New Development Plan 206-2020 Public & Private Projects Good governance, administrative reform and fight against corruption
More informationPharmaceuticals in Drinking Water. Nancy Mesner
Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water Nancy Mesner Background on the Drinking Water Act Unregulated contaminants Pharmaceuticals in drinking water Sources Treatment Impacts Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Enforceable
More informationEMerging POllutants in Water and WastewatER in Tunisia
EMerging POllutants in Water and WastewatER in Tunisia Strengthening the Transformation Processes in MENA through Networking and Structure Building Aims and Scope Prof. Dr. Müfit Bahadir Mission Statement
More informationMicro-organisms organisms
Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water Nancy Mesner Aquatic, Watershed and Earth Resources Utah State University Background on the Drinking Water Act Unregulated contaminantants Pharmaceuticals in drinking
More informationEconomic analysis of the forest investments for the production of the environmental services in Tunisia
Economic analysis of the forest investments for the production of the environmental services in Tunisia Amira Gammoudi (INRGREF) Supervisor: prof./dr. Hamed Hassen Daly AGORA - Adapting Mediterranean forests
More informationEducational Mismatch and Regional Disparities: Case of Tunisian Youth Graduates
Educational Mismatch and Regional Disparities: Case of Tunisian Youth Graduates Salwa TRABELSI * Nadia ZRELLI BEN HAMIDA 2015 Abstract In this paper, we examine the effects of different categories of determinants
More informationEducational Mismatch and Regional Disparities: Case of Tunisian Youth Graduates
Journal of Economics and Development Studies June 2014, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 429-445 ISSN: 2334-2382 (Print), 2334-2390 (Online) Copyright The Author(s). 2014. All Rights Reserved. Published by American
More informationINAT. BEN AYED Mohamed
REPUBLIQUE TUNISIENNE INAT BEN AYED Mohamed 1 PLAN Definition of SPATE irrigation in Tunisia Cultivated area under SPATE irrigation Administrative state of SPATE irrigation Size of SPATE irrigation systems
More informationAssessing productivity performance of basic and secondary education in Tunisia: a Malmquist analysis
School of Economics and Management TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF LISBON Department of Economics Carlos Pestana Barros & Nicolas Peypoch António AFONSO, Mohamed AYADI, Sourour RAMZI A Comparative Analysis of
More informationMinistry for the Environment, Land and Sea of Italy. Bruxelles, 8th December 2011
Ministry for the Environment, Land and Sea of Italy Bruxelles, 8th December 2011 Basic Data Reference of the Call for Proposals EuropeAid/131046/C/ACT/Multi Title of the Call for Proposals Sustainable
More informationSTUDY FOR THE REALIZATION OF FERTIRRIGATION PILOT PROJECTS IN TUNISIA
STUDY FOR THE REALIZATION OF FERTIRRIGATION PILOT PROJECTS IN TUNISIA FAO Project: "Forest restoration in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia using treated wastewater to sustain smallholders' and farmers'
More informationNational Institute of Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forests
National Institute of Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forests Mohamed Lahbib BEN JAMAA (Researcher, Head of the Lab GVRF ) benjamaaml@gmail.com Some facts about INRGREF - Tunisia: 1957: Creation
More informationof Tunis (CITET) Institutional and Economic instruments for sustainable The deterioration of available Groundwater resources in Tunisia
1 International Center For Environmental Technologie of Tunis (CITET) INECO Institutional and Economic instruments for sustainable management of water resources in the Mediterranean Region The deterioration
More informationReclaimed Wastewater as Ground Water Recharge. Dr. Mo ayyad Shawaqfah Al al-bayt University
Reclaimed Wastewater as Ground Water Recharge Dr. Mo ayyad Shawaqfah Al al-bayt University Groundwater as a Resource Large Regional Flow Systems Well Yield Analysis Artificial Recharge Conjunctive Use
More informationPerspectives on water reuse in Europe. Windhoek, October 2018
Perspectives on water reuse in Europe Windhoek, 18-19 October 2018 How far are we from potable reuse? 1. Very far, it s never going to happen 2. Maybe not so far 3. Well, it s already happening 4. Actually,
More informationCURRENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE WATER REUSE PRACTICES IN THE ARAB REGION. Pr. Redouane Choukr-Allah IAV Hassan Agadir, Morocco
CURRENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE WATER REUSE PRACTICES IN THE ARAB REGION Pr. Redouane Choukr-Allah IAV Hassan Agadir, Morocco Drivers for the reuse 1. Environmental sustainability reduction
More informationPriorities for regulatory mechanisms and frameworks to address contaminants of emerging concern
Priorities for regulatory mechanisms and frameworks to address contaminants of emerging concern Sarantuyaa Zandaryaa, PhD UNESCO Division of Water Sciences - International Initiative on Water Quality (IIWQ)
More informationwith the support of the Industrial Modernisation Programme, financed by the European Union Foreign Investment Promotion Agency
with the support of the Industrial Modernisation Programme, financed by the European Union Industrial Promotion Agency Foreign Investment Promotion Agency Export Promotion Centre Tunisian Union for Industry,
More informationOverview of the Current Situation in Egypt
Overview of the Current Situation in Egypt 3 rd Regional Training. Djerba, Tunisia. 12-16 May, 2014 90 Million Egyptians live in: 222 Cities 4617 Villages Water Supply and Demand Population growth and
More informationParcel Post Compendium Online Office national des postes La Poste Tunisienne. TN - Tunisia TNA
Basic Services 1 Maximum weight limit admitted 1.1 Surface parcels (kg) 30 1.2 Air (or priority) parcels (kg) 30 2 Maximum size admitted 2.1 Surface parcels 2.1.1 2m x 2m x 2m (or 3m length & greatest
More informationWater Recycling and Reuse
Water Recycling and Reuse WATER RECYCLING Water recycling is reusing treated wastewater for beneficial purposes such as agricultural and landscape irrigation, industrial processes, toilet flushing, and
More informationVoting Card on A Final Project
Jordan Institution for Standards and Metrology Standardization Directorate Voting Card on A Final Project Project s No.: 893 / 2002 Project s Name: Water Reclaimed Wastewater Secretary of the Committee:
More informationHow to treat domestic wastewater
How to treat domestic wastewater Challenges in Applications of Integrated Water Resources Management Water and Environment Centre - 15-16 March 2010 Frans P. Huibers Irrigation and Water Engineering Group
More informationUNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME I. Terms of Reference Post title: M&E and reporting consultant (National) Department: UNDP Tunisia Supervisor: Chief Technical Advisor (CTA) Contract duration: 100
More informationSummary of Florida s Indirect Potable Reuse Regulations Part V
Summary of Florida s Indirect Potable Reuse Regulations 62-610 Part V David Ammerman, Carollo Engineers, Inc. Jeff Greenwell, Hillsborough County MARCH 16, 2018 Florida Administrative Code Chapters Chapter
More informationBaltic Marine Environment Protection Commission
Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission HELCOM Recommendation 38/1 Adopted 1 March 2017 having regard to Article 20, Paragraph 1 b) of the Helsinki Convention SEWAGE SLUDGE HANDLING THE COMMISSION,
More informationAlternative water supply options
Building blocks of the policy review on Water Scarcity & Droughts in the EU Alternative water supply options Stakeholders meeting Brussels, March 27, 2010 Andrea Nam, European Commission, DG ENV, Protection
More informationSite Assessment Report. GIS aided Evaluation of Fourteen Sites for potential Wind Measurements in Nine Regions of Tunisia
Site Assessment Report GIS aided Evaluation of Fourteen Sites for potential Wind Measurements in Nine Regions of Tunisia Client: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg
More informationWATER REUSE IN EUROPE
Mexico 2006 4 th World Water Forum WATER REUSE IN EUROPE Maria Helena MARECOS do MONTE Former President of the EWA PhD, MSc, Chem & San Eng Professor at ISEL, Lisbon, Portugal hmarecos@dec.isel.ipl.pt
More informationCIRSEE International Research Centre on Water and the Environment
CIRSEE International Research Centre on Water and the Environment Philippe GISLETTE CIRSEE Director 05/07/2007 A global technical & scientific network 25/05/2007 The CIRSEE 2 1 A network of over 200 laboratories
More informationEURASIAN WATER CONFERENCE 3 rd ASEM Seminar on Urban Water Management Urban solutions for global challenges September 2018 Budapest
EURASIAN WATER CONFERENCE 3 rd ASEM Seminar on Urban Water Management Urban solutions for global challenges 13-14 September 2018 Budapest www.asemwaterbudapest2018.hu Biosolids and sludge from wastewater:
More informationEuromed Horizon Pollution reduction component - Mediterranean Hotspot Investment Programme (MeHSIP)
Euromed Horizon 2020 Pollution reduction component - Mediterranean Hotspot Investment Programme (MeHSIP) Brussels, March 2008 European Investment Bank Following the Euromed Kairo road map adopted in 2006,
More informationImportance of Reclaimed Water in Florida
Importance of Reclaimed Water in Florida Lawrence R. Parsons University of Florida / IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 Abstract. Florida is
More informationWater reuse and water quality aspects in Europe
Water reuse and water quality aspects in Europe Dr. Ulf Stein Ecologic Institute, Berlin CAPACITIE Training Course, Berlin U.Stein Table of contents Definition Why is water reuse important? Uses for recycled
More informationEffects of wastewater stabilization pond effluent on agricultural crops
K. International Naddafi, et al. Journal of Environmental Science & Technology Effects of wastewater stabilization... Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 273-277, Winter 2005 Effects of wastewater stabilization pond effluent
More informationISO STANDARDS ON WATER REUSE FOR IRRIGATION
ISO STANDARDS ON WATER REUSE FOR IRRIGATION Valentina LAZAROVA SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT Member of French ISO Mirror Committee, Member of International Water Academy and International Desalination Academy June
More informationReuse of Treated Effluent in Cyprus
WG PoM 2 nd Meeting (25-26 March 2014) Reuse of Treated Effluent in Cyprus Panayiota Hadjigeorgiou Senior Executive Engineer Water Development Department Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and
More informationWG Economics - 1st meeting (March 20 & 21, 2014) Assessment of Environmental and Resource Costs in Cyprus
WG Economics - 1st meeting (March 20 & 21, 2014) Assessment of Environmental and Resource Costs in Cyprus Agathi Hadjipanteli, Executive Engineer Water Development Department Ministry of Agriculture, Natural
More informationResponse to the European Commission s Public Consultation on 'Policy options to optimize water reuse in the EU'
CEN Identification number in the EC register: 63623305522-13 Response to the European Commission s Public Consultation on 'Policy options to optimize water reuse in the EU' November 2014 Background Information
More informationWater Quality of Fayoum Surface Water, Fayoum Province, Egypt
Deltas in Times of Climate Change II, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 24-26 Sept. 2014 Water Quality of Fayoum Surface Water, Fayoum Province, Egypt Mahmoud S.M. Abdel Wahed a,b,*, Essam A. Mohamed b, Christian
More informationFINAL REPORT VOLUME II SUPPORTING REPORT
No. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA THE DETAILED DESIGN STUDY ON THE RURAL WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
More informationComprehensive Plan Update - Sanitary Sewer Section Planning Commission Workshop: November 10, 2014
Comprehensive Plan Update - Sanitary Sewer Section Planning Commission Workshop: November 10, 2014 Application type Agency Review Comments Applicable Plan Sections Staff Planner Staff Recommendation Publicly
More informationCANADA-WIDE APPROACH FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF WASTEWATER BIOSOLIDS. October 11, 2012 PN 1477
CANADA-WIDE APPROACH FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF WASTEWATER BIOSOLIDS October 11, 2012 PN 1477 Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2012 Table of Contents 1. Context... 1 2. Policy Statement and
More informationWASTEWATER IN THE KEYS: THE JOB CONTINUES
WASTEWATER IN THE KEYS: THE JOB CONTINUES SANCTUARY WATERS: IMPAIRED FDEP Reasonable Assurance Plans for the Florida Keys Based on Management Actions contained in Chapter 99-395 Laws of Florida 1. Regional
More informationBio-solar purification : A new process to treat domestic wastewater and to turn water and wastes in a safe reusable form
Bio-solar purification : A new process to treat domestic wastewater and to turn water and wastes in a safe reusable form www.heliopure.com Camille URBAN R&D Engineer Water, unsuspected real needs 5,000
More informationInternational SAICM Implementation Project (ISIP)
www.ipen.org ipen@ipen.org International SAICM Implementation Project (ISIP) In 2010, in an effort to demonstrate SAICM implementation via IPEN Participating Organizations, IPEN launched an International
More informationMODULE 5. Groundwater Quality Assessment and Protection
MODULE 5 Groundwater Quality Assessment and Protection Why do groundwater merit protection? Groundwater provides a potable water supply for vast population Often unprotected Pollution threats are increasing
More informationAssessment of cumulative effects of new water abstractions for irrigation on groundwater bodies of Hungary
Assessment of cumulative effects of new water abstractions for irrigation on groundwater bodies of Hungary Agnes Tahy General Directorate of Water Management, Hungary Former events triggering Article 4(7)
More informationClosing the Water, Energy, and Food Loops in Cities for Synergistic Climate Action
Chair Department of Urban of Civil, Water Geo Systems and Environmental Engineering Engineering Faculty Technical of University Civil, Geo of and Munich Environmental Engineering Towards the Nexus City
More informationWastewater Reuse Regulations In Saudi Arabia
Wastewater Reuse Regulations In Saudi Arabia Mohammed A. Al-Hajri Saudi Aramco Water Arabia 2009 March 2, 3, and 4 Outline Introduction Saudi Government Wastewater Reuse Regulations Background The Regulation
More informationIV International Symposium Agrosym /AGSY S VIRTUAL WATER BALANCE ESTIMATION IN AN IRRIGATED AREA IN NORTH-EASTERN TUNISIA.
10.7251/AGSY13031000S VIRTUAL WATER BALANCE ESTIMATION IN AN IRRIGATED AREA IN NORTH-EASTERN TUNISIA Talel STAMBOULI 1*, Abdallah BENALAYA 1, Asma SOUISSI 1, Lamia LAJILI-GHEZAL 1, Marwa WESLATI 1, Rabeh
More informationCHAPTER 6. EFFLUENT DISCHARGE/REUSE ALTERNATIVES
CHAPTER 6. EFFLUENT DISCHARGE/REUSE ALTERNATIVES This chapter presents discharge and treatment alternatives for treatment plant effluent (effluent or final effluent) within the Pt. Hadlock sewer service
More informationENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND SOCIAL IMPACTS WITH REGARD TO LAND AND SOIL MANAGEMENT by
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND SOCIAL IMPACTS WITH REGARD TO LAND AND SOIL MANAGEMENT by University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences Winfried E.
More informationO.K. Ouda & M.R. Al-Agha: Treated Wastewater Use in Gaza District: The Question of Public Acceptance
Treated Wastewater Use in Gaza District: The Question of Public Acceptance Omar K. Ouda Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department Mohamed R. Al-Agha Faculty of Science, Environmental & Earth
More informationSIX CRITICAL COMPONENTS FOR TARGET 6.3. Does your Country Count?
SIX CRITICAL COMPONENTS FOR TARGET 6.3 Does your Country Count? Costa Rica Pakistan Tunisia Ghana Critical Components in Tunisia O. Mahjoub, A. Ouasli, A. Jouini, A. Messai, R. El Atiri, M. Dabbouni, M.
More informationReuse of Treated Effluent in Cyprus
13 th International Conference EUROPE INBO 2015 Reuse of Treated Effluent in Cyprus Panayiota Hadjigeorgiou Senior Executive Engineer Water Development Department Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development
More informationA Angelakis and N Paranychianakis Institute of Iraklio, National Foundation for Agricultural Research, Iraklio, Greece
1 Introduction A Angelakis and N Paranychianakis Institute of Iraklio, National Foundation for Agricultural Research, 71307 Iraklio, Greece (angelak@nagref-her.gr) 1.1 Background 1.1.1 The need for aquifer
More informationGroundwater Management in Urban Area
Groundwater Management in Urban Area N.Dörfliger of Changsha, May 2014 ASEM Seminar on Sustainable Management of Water resources in the context of urbanization Urban water cycle - facts > Outline Urban
More informationStormwater Runoff & Pesticides What Monitoring Done Elsewhere May Suggest for South Portland
Stormwater Runoff & Pesticides What Monitoring Done Elsewhere May Suggest for South Portland South Portland City Council Workshop 8/8/16 Fred Dillon Stormwater Program Coordinator Stormwater 101 What stormwater
More informationWater Governance Benchmarking Criteria
Water Governance Benchmarking Criteria Click on each red number in order to link to the corresponding paragraph. Click again on the red number in order to return to criteria page. Numbers found next to
More informationIRRIGATING FORAGE WITH RECYCLED WATER: PROBLEMS AND POSSIBILITIES. Stuart Pettygrove 1 ABSTRACT
IRRIGATING FORAGE WITH RECYCLED WATER: PROBLEMS AND POSSIBILITIES Stuart Pettygrove 1 ABSTRACT Irrigation with reclaimed municipal wastewater is a modern form of recycling that is practiced throughout
More informationDanube Case. River Basin Specific Pollutants Selection and Monitoring. Igor Liska - ICPDR Alfred Rauchbüchl - BAW
River Basin Specific Pollutants Selection and Monitoring Danube Case Igor Liska - ICPDR Alfred Rauchbüchl - BAW JRC NORMAN Water Framework Directive Workshop, Stresa, Italy, 1-11 June 21 Contents Introduction
More informationMarch 2009 Prepared by the Tunis International Center for Environmental Technologies
Institutional framework and decisionmaking practices for water management in Tunisia Towards the development of a strategy for improved groundwater management March 2009 Prepared by the Tunis International
More informationDeveloping Decision Support System (DSS) for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)
Department of Water Resources Studies Success Stories: Developing Decision Support System (DSS) for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) The situation of the water supply in the Arab region is
More informationAppendix X.6 Queensland Government CSG Water Management Policy
Appendix X.6 Queensland Government CSG Water Management Policy Coal Seam Gas Water Management Policy June 2010 Tomorrow s Queensland: strong, green, smart, healthy and fair Purpose The purpose of this
More informationPolicy on Water Conservation and Reuse:
Draft Wastewater Reuse Policy Amendment The Water Resources Policy Plan will be amended in four places where there is policy language about wastewater reuse or reporting about reuse pilot program finances
More informationEuropean Water and Sanitation Services vs. Sustainable Development Example Germany. ATHENS European Week, Autumn 2013 Paris, November 19 th, 2013
1G e r m a n I n s t i t u t e o f U r b a n A f f a i r s European Water and Sanitation Services vs. Sustainable Development Example Germany ATHENS European Week, Autumn 2013 Paris, November 19 th, 2013
More informationGroundwater Quality Management. Hand Out
Groundwater Quality Management Hand Out December, 2010 Table of contents 1. Introduction... 2 2. Risk Assessment... 3 3. Groundwater pollution and quality management systems... 7 Learning Objectives. The
More informationGROUNDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN TANZANIA BY MR. LISTER R.E. KONGOLA ASSISTANT DIRECTOR WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN TANZANIA BY MR. LISTER R.E. KONGOLA ASSISTANT DIRECTOR WATER RESOURCES DIVISION BACKGROUND Basic facts Location: Tanzania is located on the east coast of Africa and
More informationFACTSHEET INTRODUCTION. help rebalance the water cycle, mitigate the effects of climate change and improve human health and livelihoods.
1 FACTSHEET INTRODUCTION World Water Day, on 22 March every year, is about focusing attention on the importance of water. This year s theme, Nature for Water, explores nature-based solutions (NBS) to the
More informationLAURA ACHENE Senior Research Scientist ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITà
LAURA ACHENE Senior Research Scientist laura.achene@iss.it ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITà Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH The institute is a public research body with independent
More informationThe Role of Environmental Affairs Agency of East Delta Region to Mitigate the Problems of Water Pollution. By Dr. Ahmed Rakha
The Role of Environmental Affairs Agency of East Delta Region to Mitigate the Problems of Water Pollution By Dr. Ahmed Rakha THE SHOW ITEMS Wastewater cycle in East Delta region. Programs of the Action
More informationWastewater treatment and its potential for recycling management
For our Environment 7 Water Research Horizon Conference 27-29 June 2016 Wastewater treatment and its potential for recycling management Dr. Bettina Rechenberg Head of Division Sustainable Production and
More informationWASA Quiz Review. Chapter 2
WASA Quiz Review Chapter 2 Question#1 What is surface runoff? part of the water cycle that flows over land as surface water instead of being absorbed into groundwater or evaporating Question #2 What are
More informationDrought conditions and management strategies in Iran
Drought conditions and management strategies in Iran Parviz Garshasbi Deputy head of watershed management forest, range and watershed management organization, Jihad-agriculture ministry p.garsh@yahoo.com
More informationWASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND REUSE: MOTIVATIONS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES MAY A. MASSOUD
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND REUSE: MOTIVATIONS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 1 BY MAY A. MASSOUD 2 nd Arab-American Frontiers of Science, Engineering, and Medicine Symposium, Muscat
More informationInternational Symposium,Re-Water
International Symposium,Re-Water Water reuse: Energy, water and nutrients Keynote Bruno Tisserand - Veolia Water Braunschweig, Germany, November 21st, 2011 Outline Water stress in Europe Reuse as mitigation
More informationWastewater Management - Kenyan Policy perspective and business perspective.
Wastewater Management - Kenyan Policy perspective and business perspective. 3 rd Annual Effluent and Water Management Conference 5 th & 6 th December, 2013 Laico Regency Hotel Suresh Patel KAM/ KEPSA KRIDHA
More informationSOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
GEOLOGY 408/508 SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE CHAPTER 6 Brady & Weil, Rev. 14th ed. THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE (FIGURE 6.2) WATER BALANCE EQUATION Watershed - an area of land drained by a single stream system
More informationINTRODUCTION TO HOBBY FARMING AND WATER QUALITY
SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION TO HOBBY FARMING AND WATER QUALITY This is a handbook for owners of Hobby Farms - small scale farms operated primarily as a residential lifestyle - to provide their owners with
More informationDECENTRALISED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN TUNISIA
6 2014 KAS INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 31 DECENTRALISED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN TUNISIA A NEW BEGINNING FOLLOWING THE ARAB SPRING? Maximilian Benner In countries in North Africa, large regional economic
More informationEnvironmental Health Legislation, Law 12 of 1995
Environmental Health Legislation, Law 12 of 1995 Eenvironmental and Public Health and Safety Legislation Several laws address the protection of environment and public health with direct relevance to water.
More informationWQMP AMENDMENT REVIEW CHECKLIST
State of New Jersey Highlands Water Protection and Planning Council 100 North Road (Route 513) Chester, New Jersey 07930-2322 (908) 879-6737 (908) 879-4205 (fax) www.highlands.state.nj.us WQMP AMENDMENT
More informationWater Reuse: Experiences and New International Trends
Water Reuse: Experiences and New International Trends Valentina Lazarova Suez Environnement Chair of the IWA Specialist Group on Water Reuse Member of the International Water Academy Why Reuse Water? A
More informationINFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT
Goals, Objectives and Policies INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT SANITARY SEWER GOAL 4.A.1.: PROVIDE ADEQUATE CENTRAL SANITARY SEWAGE FACILITIES FOR RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT AND REDEVELOPMENT IN
More informationSTANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ON WATER REUSE
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ON WATER REUSE Valentina LAZAROVA SUEZ (France) Member of French ISO Mirror Committee, Member of International Water Academy and International Desalination Academy October 26th,
More informationUsing geothermal and solar energy for autonomous water desalination units
Desalination Units powered by Renewable Energy Systems, Opportunities and Challlenges Hammmet, september, 26th Using geothermal and solar energy for autonomous water desalination units K.. BourouniB and
More informationconcep pts and results Heidelberg-Neurott Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Tosca Zech, Dipl.-Ing. Marius Mohr
Decentralised wastewater treatment in Knittlingen and Heidelberg-Neurott concep pts and results Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Tosca Zech, Dipl.-Ing. Marius Mohr Summer school for environmental protection, Water
More informationLAKE MANZALA ENGINEERED WETLAND A SUCCSSESFUL MODEL FOR THE METERRANIAN SEA PROTECTION
LAKE MANZALA ENGINEERED WETLAND A SUCCSSESFUL MODEL FOR THE METERRANIAN SEA PROTECTION Prof. Dr. Ahmed Ali Rashed Drainage Research Institute National Water Research Center Ministry of Water Resources
More informationEXCEED EMPOWER Tunisia - MESAEP
EXCEED - EMPOWER - MESAEP EXCEED EMPOWER Tunisia - MESAEP Linking International Networks for Capacity Building and Research on Water Reuse Müfit Bahadir TU Braunschweig, Germany EXCEED Aims and Scope EXCEED
More informationDEUS 21. Decentralized Urban Infrastructure System for water provision and sewerage. Dr.-Ing. Ursula Schließmann
DEUS 21 Decentralized Urban Infrastructure System for water provision and sewerage Dr.-Ing. Ursula Schließmann Integrated Resource Management in Asian cities: the urban Nexus, Bangkok, June 25th 2013 Semi-decentralized
More informationIntroduction to Sewage treatment. Maha Halalsheh Water and Environmental Research and Study Centre (WERSC) University of Jordan
Introduction to Sewage treatment Maha Halalsheh Water and Environmental Research and Study Centre (WERSC) University of Jordan Wastewater is an increasingly important and reliable water source especially
More informationWater Pollution. Objective: Name, describe, and cite examples of the eight major types of water pollution.
Water Pollution Objective: Name, describe, and cite examples of the eight major types of water pollution. Types of Water Pollution Water pollutants are divided into eight categories: 1. Sediment pollution
More informationTidal Thames Catchment-based Pilot Project
Tidal Catchment-based Pilot Project Context The catchment of the Tidal flows from Teddington, in the west, to the estuary near Southend-on-Sea, in the east. The water surface area for this length of the
More informationManaging aquifer recharge a sustainable way for drinking water supply
Managing aquifer recharge a sustainable way for drinking water supply Prof. Dr. U. Tröger TU Berlin Dean of Water Engineering Campus El Gouna - Egypt Chair of Hydrogeology - Berlin Rainwater harvesting
More informationDocument elaborated in November 2018
Tunisia Document elaborated in November 218 The Water-Energy-Food Security Nexus Country Profile Tunisia is located from 3 N to 37 N in northern Africa; it shares borders with Algeria to the west and Libya
More information