Renewable Energies in Germany - Political Framework and Market Development

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1 placeholder partner logo Energy Renewable Energies in Germany - Political Framework and Market Development San José, 17 November 2009 Anja Haupt, RENAC

2 Content The Renewables Academy (RENAC) Development of Renewable Energy Use in Germany German Governmental Instruments and Programs Integrated Energy and Climate Protection Program (IKEP) Renewable Energy Sources Act (RESA) Renewable Energy Heat Act (REHA) with Market Incentive Program (MIP)

3 Renewables Academy AG (RENAC)

4 Our training facilities Technologies: Photovoltaics, Solar Thermal Concentrating Solar Power Wind energy Energy efficiency in buildings Energy efficiency in industry and commerce Aspects: Technology Costs and financing Project management Legislation Frameworks Market develop

5 Our training facilities

6 Our training facilities

7 Energy Development of renewable energy use in Germany

8 Electricity generation [GWh] Renewable energy sources in Germany ,000 Development of electricity generation from renewable energies in Germany, EEG 2009 ex 1 January ,000 Hydropower Wind energy New EEG 1 August ,000 Biomass* Photovoltaics 70,000 60,000 EEG 1 April ,000 40,000 30,000 StrEG 1 January 1991 Amendment to BauGB November 1997 share of FEC 15.1 % 20,000 10, *Solid, liquid, gaseous biomass, biogenic share of w aste, landfill and sew age gas; StrEG: Act on the Sale of Electricity to the Grid; BauGB: Construction Code; EEG: Renew able Energy Sources Act; Electricity from geothermal energy is not presented due to the negligible quantities of electricity produced; Source: BMU-Brochure: "Renew able energy sources in figures national and international development", KI III 1; Version: June 2009; provisional figures

9 [%] Development of renewable energy use in Germany I Statistics and energy market share Anteile erneuerbarer Energien an der Energiebereitstellung in Deutschland mind.30 1) ) Ziele Targets Federal Bundesregierung Government % EU- Ziel für EE im Verkehrssektor (für alle Mitgliedsstaaten) 10% EU target for transport sector 15 14,8 14 1) ,7 10 7,7 7,1 3) 6,1 4,8 3,1 3,5 2,1 0,2 Anteile EE am gesamten Final energy Endenergieverbrauch (Strom, consumption Wärme, Kraftstoffe) Anteile EE am gesamten Electric power Bruttostromverbrauch consumption Anteile EE an der gesamten Heat Wärmebereitstellung supply Anteile EE am gesamten Fuel Kraftstoffverbrauch (transport) Source: 1) BMU KI III 1 - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen - as of April 2009 Quellen: Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz, (EEG 2009) vom und Erneuerbare-Energien-Wärmegesetz (EEWärmeG) vom ; 2) Quelle: Neue EU-Richtlinie zur Förderung der Nutzung von Energie aus erneuerbaren Quellen 3) Anteil Primärenergieverbrauch berechnet nach (der offiziellen) Wirkungsgradmethode; nach Substitutionsmethode: 9,7 %; Anteile EE am gesamten Primary energy Primärenergieverbrauch consumption

10 Development of renewable energy use in Germany II Business and turnover : total turnover from renewable energy 28,7 bln *Solar Thermal Market turnover 1,450 mln **PV market turnover 8,300 mln biomass 10,670 mln 37% 34% solar energy 9,750 mln hydro power 1,350 mln 5% Source: BMU: energien.de; BSW Solar 20% 4% geothermal incl. heat pumps 1,103 mln wind power 5,800 mln

11 Development of renewable energy use in Germany III Business and turnover *Solar Thermal Market turnover 1,700 mln **PV market 2008 turnover 7,000 mln Source: BMU: energien.de

12 Development of renewable energy use in Germany IV Jobs and employment [ ] *Solar Thermal Market Employees 17,400 **PV market Employees 57,000 Source: BMU: energien.de

13 Positive side effects - summary Creation and safeguarding of jobs 278,000 employees in this sector in Germany (2008) A significant share of German domestic economy annual total turnover of 28.8 billion Euros (2008) Growing independence from fossil energy imports and connected growing costs Meeting climate protection targets under the Kyoto Protocol

14 placeholder partner logo Energy German Governmental Instruments and Programs

15 Governmental initiatives for EE and RE since Acts and Ordinances relevant for EE and RE have been passed Approximately 70 governmental programs and campaigns have been and are still being carried out to improve energy efficiency A well conceived mix of instruments (campaigning, financial support and regulation) has triggered strong growth in all renewables sectors

16 Governmental instruments and programs Information Motivation Communication Fiscal Qualification Financial Support Instruments R&D Negotiated Agreements Standards Regulation

17 placeholder partner logo Energy Integrated Energy and Climate Protection Program (IKEP)

18 Political strategy and support schemes ambitious objectives Decision of German Government in Meseberg, : Integrated Energy and Climate Protection Programme (IKEP) with 29 measures in favour of energy efficiency and renewable energy Objectives: 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 compared to % of electricity production from renewable energy sources by % heat from renewable energy in 2020, today 6.6 % (2008)

19 Key measures under IKEP Combined heat and power Cogeneration Renewable energy soures electricity and heat Natural gas grid access ordinance Amendment of energy conservation regulations Energy efficiency in buildings Deregulation of metering Grid extension Electricity Transmission Network Extension Act Energy research and developement Cabinet Conference in Meseberg, August 2007

20 placeholder partner logo Energy Renewable Energy Sources Act (RESA)

21 The objective: competitiveness! Example: PV in Germany Solar electricity becomes competitive End-user electricity price (+3% per year) Cost solar electricity (-9-10% per year) Source: UVS / Solarpraxis

22 Development of PV market and legal framework Source: BSW-Solar

23 Renewable electricity production Renewable Energy Sources Act (RESA) Guaranteed grid access for renewable energy plants Priority of feed-in for renewable electricity, purchase and transmission obligation for utilities Fixed feed-in tariffs regulated by law, payed for the duration of 20 years > security of investment

24 Feed-in tariff system (EEG) power producer net operator transmission net operator power supply EEG tariff customer current trader

25 Renewable electricity production Renewable Energy Sources Act (RESA) Feed-in-tariffs vary according to technology and system size Defined anual degression for each tariff shall boost new technologies and innovation Grid extension Technical difficulties do not justify the rejection of grid access. Principle of the proportionality: cases are considered on an individual basis. Required grid expansion has to take place immediately, without delays.

26 Renewable electricity production Feed-in tariffs 2009 Technology Payment time [years] Feed-in tariff [ cent/kwh] Degression rate annually Wind power (onshore) ( 5.02)** 1% Wind power (offshore) ( 3.5)** 5% as of 2015 Photovoltaics % -10% Hydro power < 5 MW Large hydro > 5 MW Biomass % Geothermal energy % * Additional bonus up to 13 ct/kwh if renewable raw material is used ** The tariff is paid in the beginning and is reduced during the payment time to the lower level Source: RESA

27 RESA 2009 Amendments Faster annual degression for PV electricity Until 2008: 5% (roof mounted), 6.5% (ground mounted) Now: plants < 100 kw: 8% in 2009 and 2010, 9% from 2011 Now: plants > 100 kw and ground mounted: 10% in 2009 and 2010, 9% from 2011 New bonus for own consumption of PV electricity payment of 25,01 ct/kwh in 2009 consumer saves costs for electricity

28 RESA 2009 Amendments More transparency: new register for PV plants and obligation to register all PV plants as of stating location and capacity Feed-in management for plants > 100 kw: plant will only be connected to the grid if the grid operator can control it remotely In case of capacity overload, the plant may be taken from the grid, compensation has to be paid

29 RESA 2009 Amendments Windenergy: Increasing capacity by repowering Higher remuneration for plants whose capacity amounts to 2-5 times that of the installations they replace Bonus on system services: if installations meet particular technical requirements which enhance grid stability, initial tariff will increase by 0,5 ct. per kwh Hydropower: Higher remuneration, but increasing demands on ecological status of water zones : RESA in English, Spanish and French

30 placeholder partner logo Energy Renewable Energy Heat Act (REHA) with Market Incentive Program (MIP)

31 Renewable heat production - Renewable Energy Heat Act (REHA) New act came into effect in January 2009 Objective: Increase of se of RE technology for heating REHA covers: solar radiation, geothermal energy and ambient heat, biomass (liquid, solid and gaseous) Pillars of the Law Obligation to use renewable energy in new buildings Financial support market incentive programme receives more money Expansion of district heating infrastructure

32 REHA Requirements and Obligations Obligation: a defined percentage of the energy demand for heating has to come from renewable sources, depending on the technology used (15 % - or 0,04 m² per m² useful area - solar thermal, 30 % biogas, 50 % biomass or geothermal) Equipment has to meet specific technical standards in order to be accepted under the Law (e.g. Solar Keymark for collectors) If renewable heat sources cannot be implemented, the investor can replace with other measures: e.g. insulation 15 % better than required under the Energy Saving Ordinance Combination of technologies possible support for individual and most cost effective solutions

33 Renewable heat production: Market Incentive Programme (MIP) Financing for renewable heat under the new Renewable Energy Heat Act and use of renewable heat technologies in existing buildings Subsidies for small systems (biomass < 100 kw, solar thermal < 40 m², efficient heat pumps) Low interest loans for bigger systems (also district heating, geothermal) Bonus for efficient, innovative or combination of technologies Budget Million Budget Million Activated investment more than 8,5 Billion

34 Subsidy Rates of the Market Incentive Programme for solar thermal systems Equipment for production of hot water or space heating 60 per m 2 (max. 40 m 2 ) Combination of hot water production and space heating 105 per m 2 (plant size min. 40 m 2 ) Extension of existing solar thermal systems 45 per m 2 (max. 40 m 2 )

35 Thank you! Contact Renewables Academy (RENAC) AG Anja Haupt Schönhauser Allee Berlin Phone: Fax: