Conservation Assessment & Prioritization System (CAPS)
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1 Conservation Assessment & Prioritization System (CAPS) Assessing ecological integrity and supporting decision-making for land conservation, habitat management, project review & permitting to protect biodiversity Landscape Ecology Lab
2 Ecological Community Approach
3 Ecological Integrity the long-term capability of the ecological community to sustain its composition, structure and function and thus also its resiliency to stress
4 The CAPS Analysis GIS data Land cover map Integrity metrics Ecological setting Index of Ecological Integrity
5 Land cover is mapped based on several GIS data layers Roads DEP Wetlands Land Use Land Cover Map
6 Ecological Communities Upland Forest Shrubland Powerline Shrubland Open Land (old field) Coastal uplands Sea Cliff Vegetated Dune Coastal Dune Wetlands & aquatic Palustrine Forested wetland Shrub Swamp Bog Emergent Marsh Pond Vernal Pool Lacustrine Lake Wetlands & aquatic Riverine First order low-gradient First order high-gradient Second order low-gradient Second order high-gradient To Fifth order Coastal Wetlands & aquatic Coastal beach Tidal flat Rocky intertidal shore Salt marsh Salt pond/bay Ocean Estuarine rivers & streams First order estuary Fifth order estuary
7 Ecological Setting refers to the principal physical and chemical characteristics at multiple scales that strongly influence the composition, structure and function of a particular point in the landscape over the long term and serve to describe and distinguish it ecologically. Includes both local environmental conditions and landscape context Relatively static at relevant ecological time frames Ecological conditions may vary in response to natural and anthropogenic disturbances
8 Ecological setting is determined for each point in the landscape is defined from GIS data Degree-days Soil ph Soil ph Flow gradient Flow gradient Degree-days Ecological setting
9 Ecological Setting Water Depth Flow gradient Hydroperiod
10 Ecological Setting Fringe Buttonbush Swamps Water Depth Riverine Marshes Intermittent Streams Flow gradient Ponds Forested Wetlands Hydroperiod Vernal Pools Aquatic Bed Backwaters
11 Ecological Setting Variables Temperature Growing season degree-days Minimum winter temperature Solar energy Incident solar radiation Moisture Wetness/Soil moisture Hydrology Flow gradient Flow volume Tidal regime Physical Disturbance Wind exposure Wave exposure Steep slopes Chemical & physical substrate Soil ph Soil depth Soil texture Substrate mobility Water salinity Water CaCO 3 content Vegetation Vegetative structure Development Developed Traffic rate Impervious Aquatic barriers Terrestrial barriers
12 Calcium Carbonate
13 Slope
14 Soil Depth
15 Wind Exposure
16 Solar Radiation
17 Similarity Similarity Matrix Temperature Solar energy Substrate Physical disturbance Moisture Hydrology Vegetation Development Substrate Hydrology (26 Variables) Physical Disturbance
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19 Several landscape metrics are calculated based on the land cover map and other data Flow gradient Elevation Similarity Connectedness Land cover map Habitat loss Microclimatic alterations
20 CAPS Integrity Metrics: Road Traffic Low traffic effects High traffic effects
21 CAPS Integrity Metrics: Road Traffic Low traffic effects High traffic effects
22
23 Weighting metrics very bad not so bad weight A B C D E weight for each class
24 Weighting metrics very bad weight not so bad weight inflection point A B C D E distance weight for each class weight by distance
25 Weighting metrics very bad not so bad inflection point weight weight = weight A B C D E distance distance weight for each class weight by distance final weights
26 CAPS Integrity Metrics: Watershed metrics Full watershed above a point Metrics weighted by a time-of-flow model
27 Stressor metric: Hardened coastal structures
28 Groin Breakwater Revetment Seawall Dock-pier
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30 CAPS Integrity Metrics Stressor metrics Road Traffic Habitat loss Microclimatic alterations Mowing & plowing intensity Domestic predators Edge predators Non-native invasive plants Non-native invasive earthworms Wetland buffer insults Tidal restrictions Salt marsh ditching Coastal structures Beach pedestrian traffic Beach ORVs Boat traffic intensity Emissions intensity Watershed-based stressor metrics Road salt Road sediment Nutrient enrichment Dam intensity Watershed habitat loss Imperviousness Impounded Percent impounded Hydrological alterations Altered stream geomorphology Stream temperature alteration Resiliency metrics Similarity Connectedness Aquatic connectedness
31 Stressor metric: Salt marsh ditching
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34 Salt Marsh Ditching
35 Tidal Restrictions
36 Traffic Intensity
37 CAPS Integrity Metrics: Dispersion highly constrained point highly connected point
38 Connectedness
39 Aquatic Connectedness
40 Metrics are combined into an index of ecological integrity Similarity Connectedness Habitat loss Microclimate alterations Index of Ecological Integrity
41 Identifying Areas of Statewide and Regional Significance for Ecological Integrity Statewide Ecoregions Watersheds
42 Statewide Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI)
43 Index of Ecological Integrity Scaled by Watershed (IEI-I)
44 Index of Ecological Integrity Rescaled by Ecoregion (IEI-E)
45 Gradient Rescaled Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI-G)
46 Integrated Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI-I)
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48
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50 Forested Wetland Communities
51 Level 3 Assessment Condition Indicators Plants Bryophytes Epiphytic Macrolichens Algae Macroinvertebrates Confounding Variables Soils Hydrology Microtypography ph Conductance
52 Salt Marsh Sampling Vegetation transects Microtopography Macroinvertebrates Salinity
53 35 30 Invasive Plants in Forested Wetlands N=64 Logistic Regression Ρ= ρ 2 = 0.12 Total Percent Cover of Invasive Plants Acer platanoides Berberis thunbergii Celastrus orbiculatus Euonymus alata Frangula alnus Iris pseudacorus Lonicera morrowii Myosotis scorpioides Phalaris arundinacea Ranunculus repens Rhamnus cathartica Rosa multiflora IEI
54 Lumbricus terrestris Upland Forests Deerfield Watershed Number of Middens per Plot IEI n = 96 Logistic Regression P = , ρ 2 =.10
55 CAPS Road Salt Metric vs. Specific Conductance in Forested Wetlands
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57
58 Wetland IEI High Low
59 Low IEI Wetlands High Low
60 Road Salt High Low
61 Edge Predators High Low
62 Wetland Buffer Insults High Low
63 Traffic Intensity High Low
64 Connectedness High Low
65 Application of UMass CAPS Intact Landscape Blocks for BioMap2
66
67 South Coast Rail Project Taunton River watershed Northeast Main Line (5 km buffer) New Bedford corridor (5 km buffer) Alternatives (5 km buffer)
68 Baseline IEI South Coast Rail Project
69 Attleboro
70 Stoughton, at grade
71 Stoughton, with trestle
72 Stoughton-Whittenton, at grade
73 Stoughton-Whittenton, with trestle
74 Assessment of South Coast Rail scenarios in terms of acres and by percentage of worst-case scenario. Scenario Loss of IEI Units Full Extent Percent Loss Full Extent Loss of IEI Units Excluding Common Route Sections Percent Loss Excluding Common Route Sections Base Attleboro Stoughton with trestle Stoughton-Whittenton with trestl Stoughton at grade Stoughton-Whittenton at grade
75 Connectedness delta Assonet Swamp, All Scenarios
76 Connectedness delta Hockamock Swamp, Stoughton at grade
77 Connectedness delta Hockamock Swamp, Stoughton with trestle
78 Connectedness delta Pine Swamp, Stoughton Scenarios
79 Connectedness delta Attleboro Bypass Focal Area, Attleboro Scenario
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88 Culvert Increase in Connectedness Percent of Best
89 Critical Linkages Phase I Landscape Ecology Program Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts, Amherst
90
91
92 Before cell 1
93 After cell 1
94 Before cell 2
95 After cell 2
96 Before cell 3
97 After cell 3
98 Before all cells
99 After all cells
100 Delta all cells
101 Delta IEI all cells
102
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104 Connectedness for Roads
105 Results: Linkages/dams
106 Results: Linkages/dams
107 Results: Linkages/crossings
108 Results: Linkages/crossings
109 Sources of Error Unmapped dams Lack of information on the passability of dams (e.g. fish passage structures) Phantom road stream crossings Lack of information about passability for most roadstream crossings Analysis of single structure (dam, culvert) restoration scenarios can mask benefits of restoration potential for multi structure projects
110 Wetland Replacement Area Upgraded Culvert New Crossing New Road
111 Funding and Other Support Provided by: The Nature Conservancy Federal Highway Administration MA Department of Transportation MA Department of Environmental Protection MA Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program MA Office of Energy & Environmental Affairs US Environmental Protection Agency The Trustees of Reservations Massachusetts Audubon Society USDA s Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) is our federal partner, providing federal assistance and program leadership for numerous research, education, and extension activities.
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