Dry Sorbent Injection - Sodium

Transcription

1 Dry Sorbent Injection - Sodium May 18, 2011 Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc.

2 Solvay Chemicals, Inc. SCI is headquartered in Houston, TX About 900 employees in the NA region Focus on soda ash and peroxides Other activities in North America include: Plastics Fluorinated products Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 2

3 SOLVAir Solutions North America Chemical products for the air pollution control market Bring expertise to customers, engineering companies, and many others Consists of Sales, Marketing, and Technical support SOLVAir Global Mission Statement: To offer and continuously develop competitive and sustainable environmental solutions used for air emissions control and associated waste, which includes a portfolio of products, services, technologies and treatment systems. Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 3

4 What Can DSI Achieve? SO 2 removal >98% SO 3 removal to less than measurable HCl removal >99% DSI is BACT in Europe Enhanced mercury removal Better utilization of activated carbon Removal of SO 3 interference ESP resistivity improvements Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 4

5 Parameters Affecting Performance Sorbent injection rate (NSR) Sorbent particle size Residence time in flue gas stream Dispersion and mixing with flue gas Particulate control device for capture (ESP vs. Baghouse) Flue gas temperature Minimum of 275 o F Other competing acids in the flue gas (e.g. HCl) Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 5

6 Example of a Utility DSI System Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 6

7 Primary SOLVAir Products for DSI Trona (Select 150 and Select 200) Natural formed mineral, sodium sesquicarbonate (Na 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 2H 2 0) Mined and produced in Green River, WY d 50 : ~30 µm Sodium bicarbonate (Select 300, Select 350) Baking soda (NaHCO 3 ) Produced in Green River, WY and Parachute, CO d 50 : ~140 µm (un-milled Select 300) d 50 : ~15 µm (milled Select 350) Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 7

8 Trona Mining Mined underground in Green River WY Currently mine ore at depth of ~1500 (457m) 12 (3.67m) thick bed; very high quality Hundreds of years of reserves 4.5 MM tons mined annually by Solvay Chemicals, over 14 MM tons mined in the area Most extracted and converted to sodium carbonate Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 8

9 Current Customer Base Industries using Sodium Sorbents include: Coal-fired Utilities Treating SO 3 - Blue Plume SO 2. control Glass Producers Industrial Cement, Ceramic, Chemical, Ethanol HCl control Medical Waste Incinerators Secondary Metal Smelters Biomass HF Control Fluorine Processors Pulp and Paper Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 9

10 Reaction Chemistry

11 Sodium Sorbent Calcination Trona 2(Na 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 2H 2 O) (s) + heat ( ) 3Na 2 CO 3(s) + 5H 2 O (g) + CO 2(g) Sodium Bicarbonate 2NaHCO 3(s) + heat ( ) Na 2 CO 3(s) + H 2 O (g) + CO 2(g) Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 11

12 SOLVAir Select Products: Calcination at >275 o F Trona Sodium Bicarbonate Raw Calcined Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 12

13 Molar & Mass Ratios Trona (MW = 226) Molar Ratios 2 mol trona/3 mol SO2 2 mol trona/3 mol SO3 1 mol trona/3 mol HCl Sodium Bicarbonate (MW = 84) Molar Ratios 2 mol SBC/1 mol SO2 1 mol SBC/1 mol HCl Mass Ratios 2.35 lbs trona/lb SO lbs trona/lb SO lbs trona/lb HCl Mass Ratios 2.63 lbs SBC/lb SO lbs SBC/lb HCl Normalized Stoichiometric Ratio (NSR) Actual usage needed accounting compared to the theoretical need Total Mass DSI NSR = ( ) / Ideal Stoichiometric Ratio Total Mass SO 2 Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 13

14 Performance Curve for SO 2 Trona Used at ESP Installations Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 14

15 Performance Curve for SO 2 Trona Used at BHF Applications Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 15

16 Performance Curve for SO 2 Sodium Bicarbonate Used at ESP Applications Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 16

17 Performance Curve for SO 2 Sodium Bicarbonate Used at BHF Applications Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 17

18 SO 2 & HCl Interaction Using Select 300 on an ESP 100% 80% % Removal HCl 60% 40% 20% Test Information Goal: Evaluate 3 levels of SO2 removal (20%, 40%, 60%) and corresponding HCl removal Temperature: o F SO 2 : 330 lb/hr (avg) HCl: 32 lb/hr (avg) 0% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% % Removal SO2 Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 18

19 Fly Ash Considerations Higher sodium content in the fly ash Ash from SO 3 treatment may be okay to market Ash from SO 2 treatment typically not suitable for applications in concrete or structural fill Additional heavy metals capture in the ash Disposal issues should be investigated early in the process; check properties and work closely with ash marketers. Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 19

20 Typical Capital Costs Silo, blowers, controls, lines, splitters, lances, mill Large systems with rail unloading and milling about $10 to $15 million (8 10 TPH) Utility scale systems designed for truck unloading $3 to $8 million (1 5 TPH) Industrial scale systems $0.5 to $3 million (<1 TPH) Milling adds to the capital cost but reduces the operating cost May vary based on site installation costs Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 20

21 Summary Sodium sorbents are efficient at treating acid gases with other positive benefits Low capital investment Network of terminals and dedicated railcars for distribution Experience of over 20 years in the air pollution control market Additional information at Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc. 21

22 Paul Jones, Regional Sales Manager Yougen Kong, Ph.D., PE, Technical Manager All technical advice and recommendations provided, if any, are intended for use by persons having the appropriate education and skill. Solvay Chemicals, Inc. and its affiliates shall not be liable for any use or nonuse of such advice and/or recommendations. Users of our products are solely responsible for the design, construction and operation of their own facilities. Copyright 2011, Solvay Chemicals, Inc.