Thematic Presentation. Climate Change Impacts on Water cycle and. Ecosystems
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1 Thematic Presentation Climate Change Impacts on Water cycle and Ecosystems
2 Overview Climatic change will strongly impacts surface and groundwater Quantity Seasonality Quality (aquatic ecosystems and potential health hazards) Additional pressures on water include: Demographics Management of extreme events (floods and droughts)
3 WATCH: Water and Global Change WATCH has developed: A new global (0.5 degree) data set to drive and assess hydrological models New land surface data sets (soils, irrigation, water use etc) Flood and drought catalogues New methodologies to assess hydrological extremes The WaterMIP model intercomparison Irrigated areas of the World
4 CIRCE: First assessment of climate change impacts in the Mediterranean and their consequences to society and the economy CIRCE-water: Identification of adaptation strategies, support policy Climate change and impact research: the Mediterranean Environment
5 HIGHNOON: Adaptation to changing water resources availability in Northern India with Himalayan glacier retreat and changing monsoon Assessment of impact of Himalayan glaciers retreat and possible changes of the Indian summer monsoon on the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources of the Ganga Recommendations for appropriate response strategies for adaptation to hydrological extreme events, including droughts, floods and glacier lakes outburst floods Improvement of climate forecast skills at regional scale Integration of socio-economic drivers in climate change studies Glacier Shorong, Nepal
6 ACQWA: Vulnerability of water resources and use to climatic changes in vulnernable mountain regions Projections by integrated earthsystem models (climate-cryospherebiosphere-hydrology) of changing water patterns in mountain regions where snow and ice are a key component in the hydrological cycle Assessments of the impacts of changing hydrological features on a range of environmental (e.g., extreme events, such as floods, droughts, and geomorphologic hazards) and socioeconomic systems (e.g., agriculture, energy, tourism, mining) Analyses of water governance in different political contexts (Europe, Andes, Central Asia) in order to reduce rivalries and conflicts between economic actors facing major changes in water availability and quality Assessing Climate impacts on the Quantity and quality of WAter
7 GENESIS: Groundwater and dependent ecosystems: New Scientific and Technical Basis for Assessing Climate Change and Land-use Impacts on Groundwater Systems New tools and approaches to understand groundwater flow pathways using tracers and isotopes coupled with modelling Pollutant leaching processes, including from agriculture, contaminant transport mechanisms, pollutants in groundwater Role of groundwater in ecosystems in particularly related to hydrology and biodiversity Development of integrated modelling approaches for groundwater management Numerical and other type of models for predict impacts of climate variation and change on groundwater hydrology, pollution pathways, groundwater surface water interaction and socio-economic impacts
8 GRAPHIC Groundwater Resources Assessment under the Pressures of Humanity and Climate Change to improve our understanding of how groundwater interacts within the global water cycle, how it supports ecosystems and humankind and, in turn, responds to the impacts of climate change. to promote consideration of groundwater in the use of climate change information as a contribution to adaptation and advancing climate prediction; to initiate dialogue between groundwater and climate scientists at the global level; and to raise awareness within the climate community of climaterelated groundwater research activities
9 REFRESH: Adaptive strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on European freshwater ecosystems Ecological relevant thresholds and dynamic reference conditions in streams, riparian wetlands, and lakes. New system indicators for freshwaters sensitive to the functional response of rivers, lakes and wetlands to changes in physical and biogeochemical features. New tools for assessing vulnerability to climate change which take into account both site specific threats and threats associated with connectivity, dispersal, and migration. A system based on model chains that will enable water managers to design costeffective restoration programmes for freshwater ecosystems.
10 CC impacts on intermittent rivers MIRAGE: Mediterranean Intermittent River Management Characterisation of temporary streams for the Mediterranean region and setting of specific reference conditions for the related ecosystems Testing of relevant measures and recommendations for integrative catchment management for floods and drought periods Development of scenario analyses examining water scarcity impacts due to climate change and land-use change as well as threats to ecosystems 16 partners from Europe International partner: Morocco
11 «Win the wetland and you win the river basin» Wetlands Natural water infrastructure Adaptation to global change Buffering disasters But threatened & degrading WETwin focus: Integration of wetlands into river basin management Improved understanding of goods & services for livelihood Evaluation of management options Trade-offs and vulnerability to global change
12 Perspectives and outcomes Research Policy implications Communication of scientific information
13 Research Integrated models for improved system understanding, using ensembles approaches Consistent analyses of the water cycle and surface and ground-water resources for the 20 th and 21 st centuries at the global and regional scales Improved understanding of extremes and their direct and indirect consequences on water availability and quality Floods, droughts; Slope instabilities; Glacier retreat and outburst floods A new understanding of land surface/climate feedbacks Focus on the role of society and economy on water needs and water use Scenario-based approaches to explore particular vulnerabilities of water (e.g., Mediterranean, mountains, groundwater, wetlands), to climatic and non-climatic (e.g., land-use) factors Projections of socio-economic drivers of changes in water resources Indicators to assess socio-economic, environmental and ecological impacts of changes in freshwater resources on water system services Development of the science necessary to sustain freshwater ecosystems
14 Policy implications Assessing different policy-relevant options to reduce water deficits within sectors and to equitably and efficiently distribute water among users and sectors Harmonizing the consideration of loads and non-point source pollution control in River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) Supporting the integration of water scarcity management in RBMP Definition of whether sustainable groundwater abstraction is possible under non-stationary hydrological conditions Using wetlands for restoration and flood buffering Recommendations for improved water governance strategies across sectors and scales Recommendations of methods for integrated management of aquatic, groundwater-dependent, and wetland ecosystems
15 Communication of scientific results Increased awareness about the future of Europe s water resources to provide support to policies and as a starting point for water visions and strategic planning Information on contaminants in groundwater for the update of the EU groundwater directive Integration of inputs from stakeholders at both pan- European and river basin level to enrich storylines development Information on projections and revision of water management plans, inter alia for the IPCC and UN-ISDR Web-based tools to support water scenario development processes
16 Thank you for your attention!
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