EU policies on clean and sustainable urban mobility

Transcription

1 EU policies on clean and sustainable urban mobility CEMOBIL Congress Smart Mobility in Cities Klagenfurt, 17 September 2015 Kemal ÖNEL European Commission, DG Mobility and Unit Clean transport & sustainable urban mobility

2 Main problems to fix (Policy Drivers) 1) Energy supply at risk Oil accounts for 94% of transport fuels, causing an enourmous EU import bill of up to one billion Euros a day. 2) GHG emissions reduction necessary According to the White Paper on 2011, the sector has to reduce 60 % of its CO2 emissions by 2050 (benchmark 1990). Urban mobility accounts for 23% of CO2 emissions from transport. 3) Air quality and congested infrastructure New and clean forms of mobility need to be established. 4) Competitiveness of EU industry Growth and jobs can be created by restoring world leadership of the EU transport industry.

3 What the EU can do and does is a shared responsibility between the EU and the Member States where the subsidiarity principle applies Urban mobility is a local responsibility; however local authorities should not be left alone That is why there is a long tradition of EU support: Policy Framework Funding for implementation Funding for research and innovation Facilitating the exchange of experience and best practice Awareness-raising

4 Policy framework o Action Plan on Urban Mobility (2009) implemented o White Paper (2011) to be reviewed in 2015 Halve the use of conventionally-fuelled vehicles in urban areas by 2030, phase them out by 2050 Achieve CO2-free city logistics in major urban centers by 2030 o Urban Mobility Package (Dec 2013) published Based on: Review of the Action Plan Public consultation & Stakeholders consultations Impact assessment study Eurobarometer study

5 2030 Climate and Energy policy framework For transport, it asks for a comprehensive and technology neutral approach for the promotion of emissions reduction and energy efficiency in transport, for electric transportation and for renewable energy sources in transport also after 2020". Energy Union Package Towards an energy-efficient, decarbonised transport sector - gradual transformation of the entire transport system as well as an increased development and deployment of alternative fuels. Market up-take of such vehicles depends on infrastructure, vehicles and fuels being rolled out together The Commission will take further action to create the right market conditions for an increased deployment of alternative fuels and to further promote procurement of clean vehicles. This will be delivered through a mix of national, regional and local measures, supported by the EU.

6 EU legislation so far Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28) 10% share of Renewable Energy Sources in motor fuels required by 2020 Fuel Quality Directive (2009/30) Reduction of CO2 intensity of fuels by 6% by 2020 Clean Vehicles Directive (2009/33) Public procurers of vehicles have to take into account energy consumption, CO2 and pollutant emissions Regulation of pollutant emissions through EURO standards Regulation of CO2 emissions: - Cars: 130g/km by 2015; 95g/km by Light Duty Vehicles:175 g/km by 2017

7 Directive 2014/94 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure The Directive entered into force on 17 November 2014 and tackles the following missing links of the single transport market: The build-up of an EU-wide network of recharging and refuelling points ( economies of scale) The development of harmonized EU-wide standards and common technical specifications ( interoperability) The provision of relevant, consistent and clear consumer information ( awareness-raising)

8 Clean Power for A strategy for the long term substitution of oil in all transport modes a coherent policy framework that guides investments sustainability and competitiveness

9 Directive 2014/94/EU on the deployment of infrastructure for alternatively fuelled vehicles and ships, with common standards and consumer information entered into force on 17 November 2014 Now is the time for implementation! Member States will prepare National Policy Frameworks and submit them by Nov 2016 Minimum infrastructure coverage with common standards required TEN-T urban nodes areas of predilection to start deploying alternative fuels infrastructure and make the link with the long distance DEPLOYMENT OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS INFRASTRUCTURE Electric vehicles recharging points Urban agglomerations 2020 CNG - Urban agglomerations 2020 CNG - TEN-T Core Network 2025 Hydrogen 2025 LNG - Heavy duty vehicles 2025 LNG - Maritime ports 2025 LNG - Inland Waterways 2030 Shore-side electricity 2025 DATE

10 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Subject matter [Article 1] "This Directive sets out minimum requirements on alternative fuels infrastructure build up, to be implemented through Member States' national policy frameworks, including common technical specifications for recharging points for electric vehicles and refuelling points for natural gas (LNG and CNG) and hydrogen, and user information requirements." Targets to be set by MS in the NPFs ( flexibility) Obligation of means: EC assessment and recommendations Obligation of results: minimum infrastructure

11 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure National policy frameworks [Article 3] The Directive requires Member States to adopt national policy frameworks and notify them to the Commission two years after the entry into force of the Directive. The NPFs should include inter alia: an assessment of the state and future development of the alternative fuels market in the transport sector national targets, objectives, and supporting measures for the deployment of alternative fuels, including a minimum level of infrastructure to be put in place

12 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure National policy frameworks [Article 3] The Directive requires the European Commission to: facilitate the development and implementation of the NPFs through the exchange of information and best practices assist MS in the reporting on the NPFs assess and report on the coordination and coherence of the NPFs at EU level publish and update the information on the national targets and the objectives submitted by each Member State on a regular basis

13 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Electricity supply for transport EV [Article 4] Member States shall ensure, through their NPFs, that an appropriate number of recharging points accessible to the public are put in place by 31 December 2020, in order to ensure that electric vehicles can circulate at least in urban/suburban agglomerations. 1 recharging point/10 cars is indicated in recital (11). The number of these recharging points shall be established taking into consideration inter alia the number of electric vehicles estimated to be registered in 2020.

14 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Electricity supply for transport shore-side [Article 4] Member States shall ensure that the need for shore-side electricity supply for inland waterway vessels and sea-going ships in maritime and inland ports is assessed in their NPFs. Such shore-side electricity supply shall be installed as a priority in ports of the TEN-T Core Network, and in other ports, by 31 December 2025, unless there is no demand, and the costs are disproportionate to the benefits, including environmental benefits.

15 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Standards and technical specifications [Article 4-6] For recharging points: Normal and high power recharging points for EVs and shore-side electricity supply installations for maritime and inland waterway transport shall, as from 3 years of the date of entry into force of the Directive, at least comply with the technical specifications set out in Annex III.

16 The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Standards and technical specifications [Article 4-6] For recharging points: The European Commission shall pursue the development of a single European standard containing detailed technical specifications for wireless recharging, battery exchange for motor vehicles, recharging points for L-category motor vehicles and electric buses and supplement or update the Directive accordingly by means of delegated acts.

17 Commission's support for the implementation of the Directive: Standardisation mandate to the CEN/CENELEC (adopted March 2015) State-of-the-art report on alternative fuels and related infrastructure (Q2 2015) Sustainable Forum (adopted; launch June 2015) Guidelines to support Member States prepare their National Policy Frameworks (Q4 2015) New European Alternative Fuels Observatory (Q4 2015) EU financial support: TEN-T/CEF (deployment/pilots) + Horizon2020 (demonstration e.g. Smart Cities, FCH-JU) + Juncker investment plan

18 Directive 2009/33 The "Clean Vehicles Directive" creates: Favourable conditions to foster market introduction of environmentally-friendly vehicles by creating economies of scale. => Incentives for manufacturers to produce energyefficient vehicles. The internalisation of external costs leads to an improved competitiveness of the European economy while also improving the contribution of the transport sector to the environment, climate and energy policies of the Union by reducing energy consumption, CO2 and pollutant emissions.

19 Elements of Directive 2009/33 Lifetime impacts have to be taken into account on a mandatory basis in purchase decisions on public transport vehicles: - Energy consumption - CO2 emissions - Pollutant emissions (NOx, NMHC, PM)

20 Elements of Directive 2009/33 Three options exist: 1) Technical specifications regarding energy and the environment 2a) Energy and environmental impacts can be considered as award criteria 2b) The impacts can be monetized under the second option. This leads to the mandatory application of a harmonized methodology.

21 The Urban Mobility Package ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/urban/ump_en.htm Calls for action from the Member States Reinforces EU support Exchange of experience and best practice Funding for implementation Funding for research & innovation (Horizon 2020) Gives further help for cities to develop SUMPs Gives recommendations for coordinated action in specific areas: Urban logistics, Urban access regulations, ITS deployment in urban areas, Urban road safety

22 Example: Coordinated action in urban logistics Urban logistics is crucial for the functioning of cities Member States are invited to: Ensure that urban logistics is properly considered in their approach to urban mobility and within SUMPs Create platforms for cooperation, exchange of data and information, training, etc. for all actors of the logistics chains The Commission will: Improve the dissemination and uptake of urban logistics best practice Prepare, with experts, guidance documents that provide practical assistance for improving urban logistics Facilitate procurement of clean vehicles, e.g. by improving the Clean Vehicle Portal

23 Example: Coordinated action in urban access regulations Optimising urban access regulations (e.g. green/environmental zones) Member States are invited to: Conduct a thorough review of the effectiveness of existing schemes Provide a framework for local authorities to design, implement, and evaluate urban access regulation schemes The Commission will: Foster an exchange with MS and experts on urban access regulations across the Union, including conceptional foundations, practical implementation, effectiveness and impacts Prepare, with experts, guidance that can help cities implement access regulation schemes effectively

24 CIVITAS initiative Up until now: city-led demonstration activities Some 60 cities have benefited from EU support for testing some 700 urban mobility measures

25 CIVITAS initiative How to get involved? 1. Submit a proposal under Horizon Join the Civitas Forum network of cities (free) Over 220 member cities 3. Join a thematic group (free) In 10 specific areas (e.g. clean fuels, mobility management etc.) 4. Apply to the activity fund Supports take-up activities (3rd call coming up in March 2015) 5. Join a regional network 'CIVINET' if available in your region/country Spain+Portugal, French-speaking, Italy, UK+Ireland, Netherlands+Flanders, Slovenia+Croatia, German-speaking, Hungary, Czech Republic+Slovakia, Poland

26 Exchange of experience and best practice Urban Mobility Portal Eltis: Facilitates the exchange of information, knowledge and experiences Aimed at individuals working in transport and related disciplines With a dedicated section about SUMPs

27 Exchange of experience and best practice Member States Expert Group on Urban Mobility: Each Member State apointed a representative, often a member of its Ministry of Met for the first time in October 2014 and meets two times per year The objective is to help the Member States give more and more effective support to their local authorities to make their mobility more sustainable The list of members and agendas and minutes of the meetings can be downloaded from Detail.groupDetail&groupID=3165

28 European Mobility Week, 2015 launch in EP today Some 2000 local partnerships registered every year, but many more cities active Advertising campaign in some EU countries to promote multi-modality EU-award schemes with press communication Civitas Award Mobility Week Award SUMP Award Awareness-raising

29 Urban mobility and smart cities towards a cooperate, interconnected, data-rich innovation ecosystem, driven by end-user needs

30 Major innovations are needed: increasingly complex, inter-dependent urban challenges Attractive city Seamless, reliable door-to-door mobility Citizen involvement New planning tools Competitive city Economic recovery & growth New business & innovation Sustainable city Reduce GHG emissions Reduce noise Reduce env. impact Reduce health impact Secure city Improve traffic safety Reduce oil dependence Smart utilities Urban transport & mobility Smart citizens Logistics Retailers Telecoms/networks Smart buildings operators Smart transport Smart government Finance Înfrastructure operators Energy providers Data analysts City planners Manufacturers Citizens Major action is required in short time (White paper 2011) Halve the use of conventionally-fuelled vehicles in urban transport by 2030 Achieve essentially CO2-free city logistics by 2030 in major urban centres

31 EIP governance principles Open Open to anyone who subscribes to the objectives of the partnership (respond to invitation for commitments) Stakeholder driven High-Level Group & Sherpa Group steer and advice Around 3000 partners from cities, companies and research interact in the market-place Commission supports and facilitates Action-oriented Regular meetings in action clusters to exchange knowledge, partner for new projects and implement action

32 Areas/topics with good mass of commitments (quick impacts or substantial gains) Electro-mobility (links to smart use, energy management/storage) New mobility services (sharing/renting/travel planning) Smart retrofitting and energy-saving (incl. smart energy control and management) Smart lighting City platforms (software tools for city management) Citizen participation (living labs, apps) International coordination and collaboration Scaling up action and mobilising resources a key priority

33 Using finance synergies The Innovation Process: from invention to deployment R&D and validations of vital project components Initial demonstrations of concepts (proof of concept) Large-scale demonstrations concepts in live environments Commercial roll-out in / mass-scale deployment H2020: R&I grants and FIs Tackling the Valley of Death Connecting Europe Facility ESIF: grants for roll-out, Technical assist.

34 Smart cities vs H2020 transport challenge Smart Cities (Lighthouse projects) Integration of 3 sectors: energy, transport and ICT 1 area: integration of transport into Smart Cities by alternative fuels Medium scale projects, but part of large scale initiatives Targets (larger) cities with existing, mature Smart City plans Large scale demonstration to encourage market uptake and roll-out of tested solutions Urban mobility topics/civitas Innovation from in integration of tools, measures and technologies within 1 sector: transport Focus on main broad challenges for urban mobility and transport of the White Paper Medium scale projects (total value several 10's of Million EUR) Targets all cities, also those with new/ developing Urban Mobility plans Focus on testing and demonstrating innovative solutions and their packaging and impact assessment

35 Thank you for your attention! Contact: Kemal ÖNEL DG MOVE Unit C1