3. Forms when pre-existing rock is changed due to high temperatures, pressure, or chemicals.

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1 Unit 4 ENERGY Practice Quiz 1. The North American and Eurasian plates are moving apart from one another and creating the Mid-Atlantic ridge. This is an example of what type of plate boundary? (A) Convergent (B) Divergent (C) Transform (D) Subduction (E) Convection 2. Tectonic plates move slowly across the asthenosphere on (A) ocean currents. (B) ocean ridges. (C) plate boundaries. (D) convection currents. (E) groundwater. Questions 3-5 refer to the terms below. (A) Oil Shale (B) Igneous (C) Metamorphic (D) Sandstone (E) Leachate 3. Forms when pre-existing rock is changed due to high temperatures, pressure, or chemicals. 4. Forms when existing rock is weathered and deposited as small sediment grains. 5. Forms when magma cools and hardens. 6. Strip mining is a useful and economic way to extract mineral resources. However, strip mining has all of the following harmful environmental effects EXCEPT (A) vegetation often flourishes. (B) toxic substances are left behind. (C) biodiversity is destroyed in the area. (D) streams around the area are polluted. (E) air pollution around the area occurs.

2 7. According to the graph above (A) recycling a resource does not significantly lower depletion time. (B) mining, using and throwing away a resource is the best way to lower depletion time. (C) recycling a resource causes it to be depleted quickest (D) depletion occurs faster as recycling, reuse and reduction are implemented. (E) as we recycle, reuse and reduce our consumption rates, we slow down depletion time of nonrenewable resources. 8. Finding substitutes for mineral resources will (A) shift mining to lower grade ores. (B) have no environmental impacts. (C) help to keep supplies of resources sustainable. (D) cause thermal water pollution. (E) cause the human population to increase.

3 9. Gold is obtained from areas containing low concentrations through the process of (A) subsurface mining. (B) mining of sediments close to shore. (C) strip mining and mountaintop removal. (D) cyanide leeching of crushed rock. (E) smelting of high grade ore. 10. When a mineral resource becomes scarce its (A) price rises. (B) demand goes down. (C) price stays the same. (D) virgin material increases. (E) environmental impact goes down. 11. One big environmental problem with smelting is (A) cost. (B) subsidence. (C) air pollution. (D) hydraulic mining. (E) substitution. 12.When a mineral resource is too deep to be surface mined, which technique is often utilized? (A) Spoil banking (B) Subsurface mining (C) Processing (D) Subsidence (E) Smelting

4 13. According to the graph, in 2000 what was the approximate total energy consumption in BTUs for the U.S.? (A) 40 quadrillion (B) 95 quadrillion (C) 60 quadrillion (D) 35 quadrillion (E) 350 million 14. According to the graph, the projected energy consumption for nuclear power is (A) growing exponentially. (B) decreasing rapidly. (C) remaining fairly flat. (D) an example of logistic growth. (E) growing rapidly each year

5 15. According to the graph, energy use per person in America is (A) growing exponentially. (B) decreasing logarithmically. (C) decreasing rapidly. (D) an example of logistic growth. (E) growing in a linear trend. 16. The world's largest oil reserves are found in (A) Saudi Arabia. (B) Mexico. (C) China. (D) Venezuela. (E) United States. 17. When global demand for oil exceeds the rate at which it is produced, (A) price decreases and demand goes up. (B) price and demand stays the same. (C) flow rate is stopped. (D) flow rate to consumers goes down and price goes up. (E) flow rate to consumers goes up and price goes down. 18. Advocates of drilling for oil in the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) believe that by using the oil found here would decrease our dependence on imported oil. However, opponents feel that (A) tundra ecosystems recover quickly and can handle the stress. (B) there is relatively little oil so it is not worth degrading this fragile ecosystem. (C) since there is probably 200 years of oil found there we should drill now. (D) as demand goes up we will not need this resource. (E) a switch to renewable energy will cause America to not need this resource.

6 19. The conventional way we extract oil has all the following disadvantages EXCEPT (A) air pollution. (B) release of CO 2, (C) water pollution. (D) price reduction. (E) overburden that must be dealt with. 20. Three-fourths of the world's oil sand is found in (A) Alberta, Canada. (B) Bogata, Colombia. (C) Sydney, Australia. (D) Austin, Texas. (E) Mexico City, Mexico. 21. Which of the following is a benefit of using natural gas? (A) 4 X as energy efficient as coal. (B) It is cleaner-burning than coal. (C) Coal power plants are cheaper to build and maintain than natural gas. (D) Getting natural gas from Canada is inexpensive. (E) CO 2 is not released when burning natural gas. 22. The three largest users of coal are (A) China, the United States and Canada. (B) China, the United States and Mexico. (C) the United States and Mexico. (D) Russia, China and Japan. (E) Saudi Arabia, Japan and China.

7 23. Coal has a huge environmental impact because of its (A) new technology. (B) high cost. (C) effect on keystone species in tropical rainforests. (D) threat to human health. (E) high net energy yield. 24. Nuclear power was predicted to supply 21 % of the worlds commercial energy. This has not been met due to (A) huge air pollution problem. (B) the high efficiency of nuclear power. (C) the small supply of nuclear fuel resources. (D) the solution to long-term storage of radioactive waste. (E) the extremely high risk of accidents. 25. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards (CAFE) have (A) been raised to 35 mpg. (B) had extreme success in the United States. (C) increased steadily since (D) decreased to about 21 mpg since (E) been raised due to hybrid technology. 26. All of the following are ways to help save energy EXCEPT (A) build straw bale houses. (B) using living roofs. (C) use low efficient windows. (D) using green architecture. (E) insulate and plug leaks.

8 27. An example of using an active solar heating system would be to (A) plant a deciduous tree outside a window to keep the sun out. (B) install a photovoltaic system on the roof. (C) use super windows. (D) use heavy blinds on the windows. (E) use vents to allow hot air to escape in the summer. Questions refer to the following disadvantages of alternative energy sources. (A) Interferes with migratory birds (B) Air pollution (C) Scarcity of suitable sites (D) Negative net energy (E) May raise food prices 28. Geothermal 29. Hydrogen fuel cells 30. Ethanol fuel 31. Wind energy

9 32. How many years did it take to triple the production of solar cells from 1995? (A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 12 (E) What information can be inferred from the graph above? (A) More people are using solar energy now then in (B) Solar energy utilization has surpassed that of wind energy. (C) By the year 2010 there will be 14,000 megawatts of solar cell production. (D) The amount of available solar energy is currently increasing exponentially. (E) There has been a linear increase in solar cell production since B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. E 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. E 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. E 31. A 32. B 33. D