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1 EURATOM Supply Agency Nuclear Fuel Market Observatory Sector Quarterly Uranium Market Report 4th Quarter 2014 Prepared by: Dariusz KOZAK Contact: Ute BLOHM-HIEBER, Head of Unit, EURATOM SUPPLY AGENCY, Disclaimer: This is an information tool based on selected articles from the press. It does not necessarily reflect the editors' views and does not constitute any formal commitment on behalf of the Euratom Supply Agency or the European Commission. Energy
2 International and EU developments Members of the European Commission approved a proposal to create an EU Energy Union that would reduce the EU dependence on imported fuel and find alternatives to Russian natural gas deliveries. The goal of a resilient Energy Union with an ambitious climate policy at its core is to give EU consumers - households and businesses - secure, sustainable, competitive and affordable energy. Achieving this goal will require a fundamental transformation of Europe's energy system. The European Commission series of proposals that call for creation of the Energy Union and strengthening energy security can be viewed at the following link: In October the European Commission found revised UK plans to subsidise the construction and operation of a new nuclear power plant at Hinkley Point in Somerset to be in line with EU state aid rules ( Prior to this decision, the UK agreed to significantly modify the terms of the project financing. In order to avoid any undue distortions of competition in the Single Market and to reduce UK citizens' financial contribution to the project, the state aid provided will remain proportionate to the objective realised. The governments of Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Spain, the UK and the USA adhered to the Joint Declaration on the Security of Supply of Medical Radioisotopes ( Additional countries may adhere going forward and are being encouraged to do so by the Council of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The document introduces a political commitment by countries involved in the production and use of medical radioisotopes to help bring about the necessary changes across the supply chain. It sends a clear signal to the market of medical radioisotopes that the governments have the intention to take co-ordinated action to ensure the long-term security of supply of this important medical radioisotope. The Joint Declaration promotes, among other steps, full-cost recovery of isotope production and the availability of reserve capacity and the work on the creation of it, was co-ordinated through the Nuclear Energy Agency High-level Group on the Security of Supply of Medical Radioisotopes. The Joint Declaration also creates a platform for on-going discussions among participating countries on their current or potential future involvement in the supply chain for molybdenum-99. Developments in the Member States BELGIUM: Belgium's government confirmed in November its intention to submit a plan to extend the lifespan of Electrabel's Doel-1 and -2 reactors by 10 years to Doel-1 and -2, the two 433- MW units, were set to be the first of Belgium's seven nuclear plants to shut under a plan to phase out nuclear power by FINLAND: In December, Finland s Parliament approved amendment to its Decision-in-Principle authorizing the construction of a single reactor at the Hanhikivi site, which was submitted by a consortium led by Fennovoima. According to the amendment Rosatom is allowed to have partial ownership in the project and construct the VVER-1200 reactor. Finland s government set a requirement for domestic companies which must own at least 60% of the Hanhikivi project but Fennovoima set a higher goal of 66% ownership for domestic companies and Rosatom holding the minority 34% stake. Fennovoima must apply for a construction license no later than June 30, The construction is expected to begin in Teollisuuden Voima Oyj announced that it is going to renew contracts for nuclear fuel deliveries to its Olkiluoto nuclear power plant with both AREVA and Westinghouse. The new contracts with both producers provide for deliveries of fabricated fuel for Olkiluoto 1 from 2016 to
3 FRANCE: In October, the French Parliament gave its agreement to a bill presented by France s government Energy transition for green growth. The new bill requires EDF to close down some nuclear power reactors before it brings new capacity online, hikes renewable power capacity and sets long-term targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The document sets a target of reducing nuclear power output from 75% of power generation to 50% by 2025, a pledge made by French President Francois Hollande in the run-up to his election victory in HUNGARY: In December, Hungarian nuclear power company MVM Paks II and a subsidiary of Russian state-owned nuclear company Rosatom, signed an engineering, procurement and construction contract for two 1,200-MW reactors at Hungary s Paks plant. In June 2014, Hungary s parliament ratified a Eur10 billion credit agreement between the two country s governments to finance the construction. An operation and maintenance contract for the planned units, as well as a fuel supply contract, were also signed by the two parties. 20 years of lifetime extension, after its original license which expires at the end of 2014, was granted to Unit-2 of Paks I nuclear power plant, by the Hungary's National Atomic Energy Authority. The operational permit was granted without further preconditions, though it did require inspections and repairs to be carried out in the coming years. Unit-1 was granted a 20-year life extension permit in ROMANIA: China General Nuclear (CGN) was selected by Nuclearelectrica as a strategic investor for Units 3 and 4 at Romania s Cernavoda nuclear power plant. The two companies signed a letter of intent to carry out the project. The agreement calls for the Chinese company to own a majority stake in the two reactors while Nuclearelectrica will retain a minority share. CGN was the only that submitted a bid to invest in the project in Cernavoda, which is partially completed but awaits further construction. Unit 3 is now 52% complete and Unit 4 is 30% complete. SLOVAKIA: In November, the Slovak government approved a long-term energy plan based on a further expansion of nuclear power, cautious development of renewables, and reducing dependence on locally produced and imported coal. The framework reiterates the Slovak government's target of building a new nuclear plant with a likely capacity of 1,200 MW by 2030 at the Jaslovske Bohunice site, after the two new reactors, Slovenske Elektarne's Mochovce-3 and -4, are completed. SPAIN: In October, ENUSA and AREVA signed a multi-year contract to supply enrichment services, which manages the provision of nuclear fuel for Spain s seven commercial reactors. SWEDEN: Vattenfall decided to cancel a planned 14% power up-rate for Unit 3 at the Forsmark nuclear power plant in Sweden. According to the company representatives the uprate, which would have increased capacity of the reactor by 170 megawatts, would not be economically efficient. The company still plans to proceed with a 114 mega-watt uprate for Unit 1 at Forsmark. and worldwide AUSTRALIA: Australian investment bank Macquarie Group purchased Deutsche Bank s uranium book in order to widen its global energy trading portfolio. The deal includes Deutsche Bank s longterm trading contracts and uranium inventory, which were valued at around $200 million at the end of last year. Industry experts say they comprise enough uranium to fuel around 10 average-sized nuclear reactors for months. The deal was reportedly completed late this summer. Macquarie previously looked at buying Goldman Sachs uranium trading business at the beginning of this year, but that deal reportedly fell apart. Deutsche Bank announced it was exiting commodity trading in December 2013, with Citigroup Inc. buying most of its energy and metals book. CHINA: According to China s National Energy Administration the country's nuclear power industry has the basis for further expansion, but before commencing new projects in the eastern coastal region, it is carrying out its final research preparations. The new nuclear power plants, according to requirements set up by the central government, shall employ the highest international safety standards
4 China seeks to upgrade its energy infrastructure, and boost the development of China s domestic nuclear equipment manufacturing industry. Uranium production In October, Cameco's McClean Lake uranium mill, operated by AREVA, started producing uranium concentrate from ore mined at the Cigar Lake uranium mine in northern Saskatchewan. The mill completed modifications required to safely process the high-grade ore from the Cigar Lake mine. In October, after two years of negotiations, Niger s cabinet of ministers accepted renewal of an agreement with AREVA to produce uranium in company's mines Somair and Cominak. The parties agreed upon a new 10-year agreement earlier in 2014, now the new deal received the official green light from the government. The previous agreement expired on December 31, Under the new deal, AREVA agreed to fewer tax breaks and higher royalty rates. The company also agreed to spend 117 million (US$148 million) to rebuild the road to its mines in Arlit, fund a local development project, and build a new headquarters in the capital Niamey. According to press news Chinese geologists have discovered a large uranium deposit in Central Inner Mongolia. China s Ministry of Land and Resources stated that the deposit is reportedly China s largest leachable sandstone-type uranium deposit but it did not indicate an estimate of the deposit s size. Uranium prices In the fourth quarter of 2014, the UX monthly spot uranium price rebounded in November to the level of US$30.00/lb U3O8 to fell at the end of December to its September level of US$35.50/lb U3O8. The price at the end of fourth quarter 2014 was 3% up as compared to the price reported at the end of The UX long term uranium price for the fourth quarter of 2014 increased by 9% comparing with the third quarter of 2014 and was 2% down comparing with the fourth quarter of 2013, amounting to US$49.00/lb U3O8 at the end of December
5 Conversion Long term conversion prices in the European Union and North America did not change in the fourth quarter of 2014, being recorded at the same levels as at the end of the third and second quarters, and amounted to US$16.00/kg in the EU and US$17.00/kg in the US. The prices did not change also comparing with the fourth quarter of Spot term conversion prices amounted to US$8.5.00/kg in the EU and US$8.00/kg in the NA and were up 10% comparing with the third quarter of 2014 and respectively 8% and 6% down comparing with the end of the fourth quarter of Enrichment At the end of December, the UX spot SWU price amounted to US$88 per SWU, which was the same as in the previous quarter and it was down 11% as compared to the fourth quarter of The UX long term SWU price amounted for US$90, which was the same level as in the previous quarter and 21% down on a yearly comparison
6 Fuel fabrication and reprocessing The Japan Atomic Energy Agency plans to close the Tokai Reprocessing Plant in 2015, after it inferred that the cost to up-grade the facilities to meet the new regulatory standards would exceed more than 100 billion. The Plant, which hosted also some other facilities e.g. plutonium fuel production facility, a chemical processing facility, an engineering demonstration facility, had been accepting spent fuel from the Agency s Fugen prototype advanced thermal reactor since The reactor is now being decommissioned. About 1,140 tons of spent fuel was reprocessed at Tokai, and about 110 tons of spent fuel from Fugen remains to be reprocessed. The Agency transferred most reprocessing technologies to the Japan Nuclear Fuel Limited s Rokkasho reprocessing facility but it considers also sending the material overseas for reprocessing. Concluded natural uranium contracts in the EU 1 During the fourth quarter of 2014, ESA processed 76 transactions, including contracts, amendments and notifications on the front-end activities. Between October and December, the European utilities concluded 5 new spot natural uranium supply contracts (including purchases, sales, exchanges and loans) and 2 new long term contract. ESA quarterly spot uranium prices Quarter ESA quarterly spot uranium price EUR/kgU Change in EUR ESA quarterly spot uranium price USD/lb U3O8 Change in USD Number of spot natural uranium contracts concluded by EU utilities (including purchases, sales, exchanges and loans) Total number of contracts processed by ESA (including contracts, amendments and notifications on the front-end activities) 2014 Q Q Q Q List of common abbreviations: ESA IAEA OECD (US) DoE (US) EIA WNA NA USEC PWR ABWR VVER SWU tu Euratom Supply Agency International Atomic Energy Agency The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development United States Department of Energy United States Energy Information Administration World Nuclear Association North America United States Enrichment Corporation Pressurized Water Reactor Advanced Boiling Water Reactor Water-Water Power Reactor Separative Work Unit tonne U (= kg uranium) 1 The statistics and data analysis provided by ESA are for information purposes only, and ESA does not bear any legal liability for using them. ESA ensures confidentiality and physical protection of the commercial data
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