BIOGAS FROM POULTRY FARMS A DRIVE TOWARDS THAILAND RENEWABLE ENERGY TARGET

Transcription

1 BIOGAS FROM POULTRY FARMS A DRIVE TOWARDS THAILAND RENEWABLE ENERGY TARGET Pruk Aggarangsi Energy Research and Development Institute - Nakornping, Chiang Mai University

2 INTRODUCTION ERDI-CMU Energy Research and Development Institute Nakornping Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. Missions: Core researches on bio-energy production and applications Training / Engineering services (Energy technology outlet) Lab testing / measurement services

3 INTRODUCTION THAILAND ENERGY SITUATION IN BRIEFS Source:

4 INTRODUCTION THAILAND ENERGY SITUATION IN BRIEFS From DEDE 2014

5 ACHIEVEMENTS BY FAR

6 THAILAND BIOGAS /BIOMASS SITUATION IN BRIEFS What had been achieved so far? Biogas: 68 plants 290 MW (grid connected) Industries waste water (1-5 MW) Palm oil, starch, Ethanol waste Livestock (0.1 1 MW) Energy crops : Napier Grass (Pilot / Demo) Biomass (grid connected) Direct burning 101 plants / 2,000 MW Gasification 10+ full commercial plants (5 MW) Pyrolysis : Pilot plants CBG : 1 Pilot plant

7 INTRODUCTION THAILAND ENERGY SITUATION IN BRIEFS Achieving the 2021 RE-25 targets - Biogas power plants target grows from 600 MW to 3,600 MW - Biomass power plants up to 4,800 MW Possibility? - Feedstock Availability - Biomass: - Agricultural residues : rice husk, corn, sugar cane, palm; 60 Mton / year - Woodchips, pellets (Cost driven) - Biogas: - Waste / waste water : livestock, food processing, MSW; 600 MW - Energy crops / co-digestion : + 3,000 MW?? Additional biomass is clearly needed!! - Woodchips, Acacia, Jatropha, Napier grass?

8 THE POULTRY FARMS POTENTIALS Livestock in Thailand ( oae.go.th) Layers 45 million Broilers 150 million (standing) Swine 8.5 million (standing) Dairy Cow 0.6 million Biogas / Electricity Potentials 0.45 million Nm3/day 38 MW 0.75 million Nm3/day 63 MW 0.85 million Nm3/day 71 MW 0.60 million Nm3/day 50 MW

9 POLICY AND REGULATIONS NOTES ON BIOGAS POWER PLANT Most available biogas system in Thailand are lagoon -based without temperature control which is very cost effective for treating waste water in tropical climate. General electricity price range between 3.10 THB / kw.h to 4.10 THB / kw.h based on type and time of use (TOU) all biogas plants receive THB adder top-up CHP is not applicable in most cases as heating is usually unnecessary anywhere anytime in Thailand. Regulations concerning grid-connected electricity power plants Permission from Ministry of Industry, energy regulatory commission and local government to acquire power purchasing agreements Public hearing is usually required and EIA must be completed for 10 MW+ plants.

10 BIOGAS FROM POULTRY MANURE PROCESS DIAGRAM

11 THE BIOGAS PROMOTION SCHEMES FOR POULTRY FARMS 20-25% Investment subsidy 75-80% Owner Direct Investment Pre-Construction Engineering / Analysis Land / Cost / Permit Prep Construction Standard / Quality Check Subcontract per schedule Operation Training / Monitoring Production per commitment

12 TARGET DELIVERY COMMITMENT EPPO Poultry Farm Biogas Promotion Program Phase I by CMU Target 5.0 Million birds Completion June participants 6.04 Million birds 78,750 m 3 DV 8.25 M m 3 /annual Biogas (committed) Measurements confirm 40% more Total installed capacity 5.5 MW Introduce 2 energy crop co-digestion at 6 MW additional capacity

13 PARTICIPANTS SF Konkaen 640,000 Layers 500kW ton/yr dry fertilizer Second Phase: Napier Grass Co-digestion Sludge processing Excess Heat Daily Biogas up to 5,000 m 3 / day 8,000 m 3 DV 500 kw e Generator

14 PARTICIPANTS KCF Green Energy 1.3 M Layers 18,000 m 3 DV CMU-Hybrid 6 CSTR co-digestion Napier grass in construction Total of 6 MW e grid-connected

15 BIOGAS AS COMMUNITY GAS Existing small scale city biogas Huai Nam Rin Farm, Lamphun 300 Nm3/day from 20,000 layers 70 households + electricity Kawnkanun, Pattalung 300 Nm3/day from 4 pig farms 250 households Issues: Managements, safety

16 CBG AS COMMUNITY LPG SUBSTITUTE ERDI / EPPO demo project RPM Farm 20,000 Layers ERDI CBG station 500 kg/day 1 Filling Station 100 households Special design CBG stoves Community Management Data collections on - Technical / safety spec - Satisfactions - Management - Logistics - Cost

17 POLICY AND REGULATIONS NOTES ON BIOGAS - CBG PLANT Thailand has limited natural gas grid, only main pipes connected between sources and industrial area. All CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) stations are operated by PTT. Off-grid stations requires truck delivery. Only 1 CBG pilot plant (6 ton/day) is completed and delivery CBG to PTT. CNG price is capped at THB/kg in Bangkok and increases with distance from natural gas supply stations. Northern, North-Eastern and Southern Thailand are suitable for decentralized CBG stations with higher selling price up to THB / kg.

18 THAILAND ASPECT ON BIOGAS POWER PLANT / CBG PLANT Opportunity and Risks : Napier Biogas Power Plant in Thailand Opportunity: 1. Clear market and target with government supports - 20 M THB granted demo plants - Special FIT 4.50 THB - CBG promotion scheme yet to announce 2. German expertise in process engineering and machinery 3. By-products of Napier: Pellet, bio-char, bedding material etc. Risks: 1. Feedstock cost / quality 2. Policy = Politics 3. Complex rule and regulations 4. Low-cost competitors / copyright violation

19 NOTES FROM OTHER ASPECTS Other interests in Thailand Napier Grass is a hot prospect for biomass RE. Solar rooftop is also currently being promoted with special FIT. Pyrolysis / BTL process has an opportunity at smaller scale : remote area biomass management program. Thailand domestic green house gas market is being set up by TGO and should be operational in LPG price is also capped as it is the main source for cooking heat and SME heating fuel but there is plan to un-subsidize.

20 THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION