Measures to Further Increase the Safety of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station
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1 Fulfilling Our Unwavering Mission Measures to Further Increase the Safety of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station At Chubu Electric Power, we are striving to further increase safety based on our strong commitment to never letting an accident like the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station disaster occur again. Moreover, we are seeking to make this plant one that earns even more confidence from the public. For Japan, which has few natural energy resources, nuclear is a key base load source that contributes to the stability of the energy supply and demand structure. With safety as our first priority, we will keep advancing preparations for the continued utilization of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station as a key source. The need to continue nuclear generation Contributes to stable and inexpensive electricity rates The energy self-sufficiency rate of Japan is a mere 6%. Our country is dependent on supplies from abroad for the majority of our energy resources. Under these circumstances, the advancement of an energy mix that combines a good balance of diverse energy sources is necessary to supply abundant electric in an inexpensive, stable, and environmentally-friendly manner. Among the sources, nuclear generation is said to be exceptional in terms of supply stability, environmental impact, and economical value. Nuclear generation is not affected by the violent fluctuations in crude oil prices and can supply stably at a level that compares favorably with other sources. Prospective generation costs ( /kwh) Nuclear Coal thermal LNG Household Land-based Small-scale thermal solar wind hydro Oil thermal Source: Power Generation Cost Verification Working Group, Report related to investigations into generation costs, for example, for the Long-term Energy Supply and Demand Outlook Committee (May 2015) Economic Efficiency Energy Security Safety Environment Nuclear generation is a source that can generate using very small quantities of uranium, which has high storability as a fuel and provides excellent supply stability. Amount of fuel necessary to provide electricity to an average household for one year Enriched uranium Natural gas Oil Coal (kg) 490 Only kg (11 g) 800 1,210 Source: Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan, Consensus document on nuclear for 2014 (March 2014) Nuclear generation, which does not emit CO2 at the time of generation, is an effective measure against global warming, equivalent to solar generation and similar renewable energy sources. Lifecycle CO2 emission amounts for various supplies (g-co2/kwh) Coal Oil thermal thermal Fuel combustion for generation Facilities and operations CO2 emissions during 474 generation LNG (CC) Residential solar Nuclear Geothermal Source: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Comprehensive evaluation of lifecycle CO2 emissions for generation technologies in Japan (July 2016) Hydro TOPICS Steady implementation of the nuclear fuel cycle The reprocessing plant of Japan Nuclear Fuel Ltd. is expected to be the location of a semi-domestic energy resource. Examination of new regulatory standards is being steadily advanced in preparation for the completion of its construction. Chubu Electric Power is continuing to provide support for the advancement of the nuclear fuel cycle. Moreover, the business of disposing high-level radioactive waste generated in the course of reprocessing is being advanced primarily by the Nuclear Waste Management Organization of Japan (NUMO), which is the main implementing body. In fiscal 2015, fundamental guidelines based on the Final Disposal Act were established by cabinet decision, and it was determined that the country would take the lead in making these efforts. In order to make the people of Japan aware of deep geological repositories and increase their understanding of them in the future, the requirements and standards for map creation were publicized in April 2017 with a plan to present a map of scientific features. As a generator of high-level radioactive waste, a byproduct of nuclear generation, our company will also continue to actively undertake efforts such as those listed above to promote understanding. 29 Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report 2017
2 Overview of the efforts of Chubu Electric Power Seeking to make a nuclear station that is trusted as the safest in the world We will continue working to further improve safety by anticipating potential risks and working to reduce them from our top management levels. We will also continue to seek two-way communication and inform the public about safety measures and risk information starting with local communities. Enhancement of governance We are building systems to analyze and evaluate nuclear safety risks and suitably judge the implementation of necessary safety measures. Learning lessons from the unprecedented nuclear disaster that happened at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, we are strongly committed to preventing any similar accidents from occurring, and will make a unified effort across the group to make our nuclear station the safest in the world, which will give peace of mind to local residents and society at large. Further pursuit of safety Risk management enhancement Efforts within plants (on-site) Infrastructure Avoid accidents Withstand great earthquakes Prevent tsunami penetration Strengthen supply, flooding and heat removal functions Prepare for accidents Stop container damage Suppress emission of large quantities of radioactive materials The Chubu Electric Power Group Nuclear Safety Charter Safety first Ceaseless pursuit of safety Hand in hand with stakeholders Personnel We will deal with risks directly, deeming it our top management priority to ensure safety. We will constantly incorporate both external and internal knowledge and findings at our workplaces for higher safety, and never be satisfied with whatever the present safety level is. We will share information widely with local residents and society at large by closely communicating with them. Top management deliberation of evaluations and countermeasures for risks (Nuclear Safety Improvement Committee) Outside expert inspections of safety efforts (Advisory Board) Enhancement of equipment measures Enhancement of onsite staff s abilities Strengthen initial responses Expand and enhance education and training See page 31 Minimize risks Prepare for even the smallest remaining risks Efforts around plants (off-site) Strengthen cooperation with the country, local governments, and other government bodies Strengthen systems related to resident evacuations Support nuclear operators Our company signed a three-company cooperation agreement with Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings and Hokuriku Electric Power Company Toward the realization of thorough two-way dialogs Strengthen risk communication See page 33 Seek to build further trust with community members Opinion-exchange meetings with community members Visiting local residents to take part in dialogs Power plant caravans Power plant festivals and tours etc. Present status of reactors at the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Output (10,000kW) Present status Decommissioning process underway Jan. 30, 2009 Operation ended Nov. 18, 2009 Transition to decommissioning process The Nuclear Regulation Authority is currently investigating and confirming compliance with new regulatory standards Most of the main countermeasure construction for Unit 4 is complete (if additional facility countermeasures become necessary in response to examinations, for example, they will be implemented as quickly as possible) Investigating specific recovery methods for seawater infiltration events Preparing applications for investigation and confirmation of compliance with new regulatory standards Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report
3 Focus Measures to Further Increase the Safety of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station Further pursuit of safety Risk management enhancement At the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station, we have always applied the latest knowledge and sought to increase safety over the years. Since the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, we have been voluntarily advancing countermeasures, including for tsunamis and other major disasters. In addition, we have been undertaking many other safety measures, going beyond the new national regulatory standards. Moreover, along with strengthening facility measures (infrastructure aspects), based on the understanding that people are the ones that handle them, we are focusing on strengthening workplace capabilities (personnel aspects) in order to make the facilities function more effectively. Efforts within plants (on-site) Breakwater Portable water input equipment Gas turbine generator Infrastructure Constant efforts to minimize risks as much as possible Personnel Hose connection practice General training at emergency response center Emergency response force (ERF) We established an organization dedicated to being the first to respond by rushing immediately to the site when accidents occur. The members of this force strive to raise their site response capability levels through daily training and seek to prevent or minimize the occurrence of nuclear disasters no matter what the conditions are. Probability of trouble, accidents, and other occurrences 1 Prevent the occurrence of any problems In addition to using designs with sufficient margin for error, maintain quality. 2 Prevent any problem from developing into an accident Identify trouble early, stop reactor operation, and take other countermeasures. 3 Even if a problem takes place, Be prepared for an accident; prevent an accident from escalating to a severe accident Prevent substantial and serious meltdowns of reactor cores (grave accidents) with diverse and overlapping countermeasures. 4 Even if the problem leads to an accident, Even in the event of a reactor core meltdown, Mitigate the impact of a severe accident Undertake flexible countermeasures that utilize highly-mobile equipment, including portable sources as well as water injection and heat removal equipment. Risks that still remain Off-site measures Efforts to increase safety Efforts to further increase safety Never stopping at current safety levels, we are always incorporating both inside and outside knowledge along with workplace awareness and striving to further increase safety. Through the exchange of ideas with the Japan Nuclear Safety Institute (JANSI), apply the latest knowledge and good case studies from Japan and abroad Take past failures as lessons and establish awareness about risks and how to handle them Utilize operation training simulators that incorporate the latest knowledge, including lessons learned from the disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station 31 Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report 2017
4 Support organization among nuclear operators (three company cooperation agreement) Cooperation Technical cooperation to increase safety at nuclear plants, capitalizing on the similarity* of reactor models Examples: Joint training using operation training simulators Sharing information related to knowledge about operation and maintenance, for example * All 3 companies are operators that have boiling water reactors (BWR), and, in particular, advanced boiling-water reactors (ABWR) in operation Chubu Electric Power has established a three-company agreement with Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings and Hokuriku Electric Power Company. This will further raise the effectiveness of current cooperation agreements among nuclear operators. Moreover, in the unlikely event that a nuclear disaster occurs, we will work together to provide support for problem resolution and support for resident evacuations. Chubu-Tokyo-Hokuriku mutual technical cooperation agreement (established March 2017) Cooperation Cooperation in evacuation support to ensure the safety of people in the community, utilizing geographical proximity Examples: Dispatch of engineers to operators where accidents have occurred to ascertain status Reinforce operation of disaster countermeasure support bases Radiation monitoring and examination in the case of evacuation Joint participation in nuclear disaster prevention trainings Efforts around plants (off-site) Cooperation agreement among nuclear operators (joined by 12 companies, including 9 companies, the Japan Atomic Power Company, the Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. and Japan Nuclear Fuel Ltd. in October 2014) Reference Mihama Nuclear Emergency Preparedness Center This new support base was opened in December 2016 in preparation for the possibility of a serious accident at a nuclear facility. During emergencies: Transport necessary personnel and material resources to the plant at times of disaster, for example. Ordinary times: Conduct operation training with material resources for each nuclear operator, etc. Since hypothetically, what if and in the unlikely event worries accumulate, we are strengthening our cooperation with national and local governments in order to raise the effectiveness of our emergency response. For example, the evacuation of local residents in the event of a serious accident that could result in the release of radioactive substances. Enhancement of collaboration with government Dispatch employees to off-site centers Concerned parties gather to share information, deliberate countermeasures, and take other actions Offsite center National and local governments JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) Japan Self-Defense Forces Japan Coast Guard Police Fire departments Information media Medical institutions Examination during resident evacuation Local residents Chubu Electric Power Check and inspect vehicles after decontamination Transport affected persons who might have been exposed to radiation to medical institutions Regarding our efforts inside plants, we are endeavoring to strengthen cooperation with national and local government as well as technical cooperation systems with other companies to further increase safety. Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report
5 Focus Measures to Further Increase the Safety of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station Toward the realization of thorough two-way dialogs Strengthen risk communication In order to improve our business activities related to nuclear generation, we are listening to the voices of local community members and working to strengthen continuous communication so that we can understand their concerns, listen to their questions, and hear their opinions. We strive for proactive information sharing and mutual understanding through activities such as opinion exchange meetings, local resident visits, plant caravans, plant festivals and tours, and others. Seeking to further build relationships of trust with community members 1. Communication activities until now We have been working to convey technical and specialized information in ways that are easy to understand in order to have local residents understand the safety of nuclear. I appreciate the explanations, but the one-sidedness is sort of Presentation of information 2. Concern increased with the occurrence of the Great East Japan Earthquake Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident, voices with concerns and doubts regarding nuclear among local residents have grown louder. Isn t nuclear dangerous? 3. Expand and enhance communication activities In order to listen to the concerns and doubts that local residents have about nuclear, we are expanding and enhancing our previous communication activities and incorporating risk communication* approaches. *Starting with the explanation that risks can never be completely eliminated with any kind of scientific technology, this kind of communication presents not just positive information about nuclear, but also accurate risk information for shared consideration. 4. Continue two-way dialog activities that address concerns and doubts By adopting risk communication approaches and seeking to build up dialogue with as many people as possible, we seek to deepen mutual understanding and further build relationships of trust with community members. Two-way communication Opinions, concerns and doubts Presentation of information Opinion-exchange meetings with community members In the four cities* near the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station, Chubu Electric Power is continuously holding opinion exchange meetings where we talk with community members about issues related to plant safety measures, energy problems, and other topics. In order to make these opinion exchange meetings lively, we host them at local public halls, and split into small groups as much as possible. *Omaezaki, Makinohara, Kakegawa and Kikugawa District opinion exchange meetings Opinion exchange 24 meetings with 14 women s groups (fiscal 2016 results) Comments from opinion exchange meeting participants Electricity continues to be supplied even when nuclear generation stops, so I don't understand why it is necessary. I want elementary and middle school students to also study about energy. Information related to nuclear is too difficult to understand. I learned that Chubu Electric Power is working really hard on safety measures. The effect of radiation on children is frightening, even if an accident is unlikely. Considering the global warming problem, I think that using nuclear is necessary. Opinion exchange meetings in every district VOICE Hiroshi Nishiyama Hamaoka Nuclear Power Executive Headquarters Hamaoka Community Relations Office Community Relations Group Opinion exchanges with women s groups We are seeking to further build relationships of trust The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station has caused a great deal of worry among the people who live around the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station. A plant is first made possible by the understanding and cooperation of the people in the area. As a person involved in the nuclear business, I want to listen sincerely to the voices of the people in the area and build relationships that earn us more trust by speaking together about what we intend to do. 33 Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report 2017
6 Visiting local residents to increase communication As one activity that shows the face of Chubu Electric Power, we are visiting residents who live in the four cities around the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station to increase communication. In addition to steadily increasing opportunities for dialogue and conveying the efforts of our company and plant to as many people as we can, we are also asking them about their questions, concerns, and other thoughts. Households visited About 84,000 (Started in September 2014, we are now undertaking our 3rd round) Power plant caravans Visiting local residents to talk face-to-face We hold plant caravans once or twice every month by setting up booths at shopping centers, local events, and other places in the area around the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station. In addition to communicating information about the need for nuclear generation, measures to increase safety, and other topics, we also ask for the thoughts of visitors. Number of times held 19 Number of people spoken with Power plant festivals and tours 1,939 (fiscal 2016 results) We hold plant festivals and tours, particularly for people who live around the plant, so that participants can see our efforts to improve the safety of Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station with their own eyes. In order to have as many people as possible visit our plant, our employees take various opportunities to guide guests. Talking at display booth Number of festival and tour participants 24,547 (fiscal 2016 results) Scene from tour Distributing information pamphlets in front of train station INTERVIEW Advancing real risk communication Tomoko Tsuchiya Director & Secretary General HSE Risk C-Cube NPO In the past, risk communication was thought to be about making people understand and accept the results of scientific and expert risk evaluations. Since this one-way presentation of information has resulted in repeated failures, however, risk communication has been redefined as thinking about issues related to risks with those concerned and building relationships of trust. In order to think about things together, merely listening to opinions is not enough. Their ideas need to also be connected to risk reduction and risk management improvements. Moreover, to earn the trust of others, you must first trust them and make continuous efforts. Through these types of efforts, I expect that Chubu Electric Power will continue evolving into an organization that faces risks sincerely. Chubu Electric Power Company Group Annual Report
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