Chapter 30. Conserving Earth s Biodiversity
|
|
- Caroline Wright
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 30 Conserving Earth s Biodiversity
2 Chapter 30 At a Glance What Is Conservation Biology? Why Is Biodiversity Important? Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? How Can Conservation Biology Help Preserve Biodiversity? Why Is Sustainability the Key to Conservation?
3 30.1 What Is Conservation Biology? Conservation biology is the branch of biology dedicated to understanding and preserving Earth s biological diversity Biodiversity is the amazing variety of living organisms that inhabit Earth
4 Ecosystem Services Ecosystem services Directly used substances food plants and animals building materials fiber and fabric materials fuel medicinal plants oxygen replenishment Indirect, beneficial services maintaining soil fertility pollination seed dispersal waste decomposition regulation of local climate flood control erosion control pollution control pest control wildlife habitat repository of genes Fig. 30-1
5 Ecosystem services: Practical uses for biodiversity In 1997, an international team calculated that ecosystem services provide $33 trillion in benefits to humanity yearly twice the world s gross national product The 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment concluded that 60% of all Earth s ecosystem services are being degraded and used in an unsustainable fashion
6 30.2 Why Is Biodiversity Important? Erosion and flood control Plants block wind that blows away loose soil, and their roots stabilize soil and enhance its capacity to hold water, reducing soil erosion and flooding The consequences of destroying riverside forest, marshes, and grasslands to farmland can be seen in the massive flooding that occurred along the Missouri River in 1993
7 Loss of Flood Control Services Fig. 30-2
8 Why Is Biodiversity Important? Climate regulation By providing shade, reducing temperature, and serving as windbreaks, plant communities have a major impact on local climates
9 30.2 Why Is Biodiversity Important? Genetic resources Crop plants, such as corn, wheat, and apples, have wild ancestors that humans have selectively bred to produce modern domestic crops
10 Why Is Biodiversity Important? Recreation In the United States, more than 450 million people visit national parks and protected refuges each year, and hundreds of millions more go to wildlife refuges and state parks Ecotourism, in which people travel to observe unique biological communities, is a rapidly growing industry and includes destinations such as: Tropical coral reefs Rain forests The Galapagos Islands The African savanna Antarctica
11 Ecotourism Fig. 30-3
12 Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? Biodiversity is crucial to the ability of ecosystems to provide many services, particularly when stressed Biodiversity might protect ecosystems by way of the redundancy hypothesis, which states that several species in a community may have functionally equivalent roles, but vary in their abilities to withstand different stresses
13 Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? Biodiversity is crucial to the ability of ecosystems to provide many services, particularly when stressed
14 30.3 Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? Extinction is a natural process, but rates have risen dramatically The fossil record indicates that extinctions occur naturally at a very slow rate, called the background extinction rate However, the fossil record provides evidence that five previous mass extinctions led to the eradication of many species in a relatively short time
15 30.3 Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? Extinction is a natural process, but rates have risen dramatically (continued) Most biologists believe that human activities are now causing a sixth mass extinction The current extinction rate is 100 to 1,000 times the background rate predicted in the absence of humans
16 30.3 Is Earth s Biodiversity Diminishing? Extinction is a natural process, but rates have risen dramatically (continued) As of 2008, there are 16,928 threatened species 12% of all birds 21% of all mammals 31% of all amphibians 5% of reptiles
17 IUCN Classification of Mammals Fig. 30-5
18 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Humanity is depleting the Earth s ecological capital Two major interrelated factors underlie the worldwide decline in the Earth s biodiversity The increasing use of resources to support human beings The direct impact of human activities, such as habitat destruction, overexploitation of wild populations, invasive species, pollution, and global warming
19 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Humanity is depleting Earth s ecological capital (continued) The human ecological footprint estimates the area of Earth s surface required to produce the resources we use and to absorb the wastes that we generate, expressed in acres of average productivity Biocapacity estimates the sustainable resources and waste-absorbing capacity of Earth
20 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Humanity is depleting Earth s ecological capital (continued) In 2005, the biocapacity available for each of Earth s 6.5 billion people was 5.2 acres, but the average human footprint was 6.7 acres Therefore, we exceeded biocapacity by almost 30%, meaning that we would need 1.3 Earths to support humanity at 2005 consumption and population levels
21 Human Demand Exceeds Earth s Estimated Biocapacity world biocapacity human footprint Fig. 30-6
22 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Humanity is depleting Earth s ecological capital (continued) Countries vary enormously in the size of their ecological footprints, from 12 to 24 acres for the U.S., Europe, Canada, and Australia, to 1 to 2 acres for poor African countries
23 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Human activities directly threaten biodiversity Humans threaten biodiversity in a number of ways Habitat destruction Overexploitation Harmful interaction with invasive species Pollution Global warming
24 Habitat Destruction Fig. 30-7
25 Habitat Fragmentation Fig. 30-8
26 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Habitat destruction is the most serious threat to biodiversity (continued) Preserves have been created to protect endangered species To be functional, a preserve much support a minimum viable population (MVP), the smallest isolated population that can persist in spite of natural events, including inbreeding, disease, fires, and floods
27 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Invasive species displace native wildlife and disrupt community interactions (continued) Islands are particularly vulnerable to invasive species The Hawaiian Islands have lost about 1,000 species of plants and animals since their settlement by humans, and has the highest number of threatened species of any state, with 394
28 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Invasive species displace native wildlife and disrupt community interactions (continued) Lakes are also particularly vulnerable The Nile perch, introduced to Lake Victoria in Africa for fishing, now threatens 200 other species
29 Invasive Species Endanger Native Wildlife Fig. 30-9
30 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Global warming is an emerging threat to biodiversity The use of fossil fuels, coupled with deforestation, has substantially increased atmospheric CO 2 levels
31 Global Warming Threatens Biodiversity Fig a
32 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Global warming is associated with dramatic changes for many species (continued) Insect pests previously killed by freezes may spread and thrive, such as the pine bark beetle that infests and kills lodgepole pines
33 Global Warming Threatens Biodiversity Fig b
34 30.4 What Are the Major Threats to Biodiversity? Global warming is associated with dramatic changes for many species (continued) Warming waters causes bleaching of coral reefs, leading to their death
35 Global Warming Threatens Biodiversity Fig c
36 How Can Conservation Biology Help Preserve Biodiversity? Research in conservation biology can help to devise strategies for conserving biodiversity The four goals of conservation biology are to: Understand the impact of human activities on species, populations, communities, and ecosystems Preserve and restore natural communities Reverse loss of biodiversity caused by human activities Foster sustainable use of Earth s resources
37 30.5 How Can Conservation Biology Help Preserve Biodiversity? Core reserves are protected natural areas that preserve all levels of biodiversity These areas exclude all but low-impact human activities Core reserves should be large enough to withstand storms, fires, and floods without losing species
38 30.5 How Can Conservation Biology Help Preserve Biodiversity? Corridors connect critical animal habitats An individual core reserve, however, is seldom large enough to maintain biodiversity and complex community interactions by itself Wildlife corridors, strips of protected land that link core reserves, allow for the safe passage of animals between habitats separated by human activities, thereby increasing the effective size of smaller reserves by connecting them
39 Corridors Connect Reserves core reserve buffer zones small reserve corridors core reserve Fig
40 Wildlife Corridors Connect Habitats Fig
41 The Design of an Ideal Biosphere Reserve core reserve Protected; may allow animal monitoring and low-impact development Allows research, education, training, tourism, and low-impact development buffer zone transition area Allows development and tourism, as well as sustainable fishing, forestry, and agriculture Fig
42 30.6 Why Is Sustainability the Key to Conservation? Biosphere Reserves provide models for conservation and sustainable development (continued) Few sites adhere to the ideal Biosphere Reserve model, but the Chihuahuan Desert Biosphere Reserve is an innovative reserve, consisting of three separate reserves Big Bend National Park in Texas serves as the core reserve The Jornada portion of the reserve, located in New Mexico, is considered the buffer zone In Mexico, the Mapimi reserve serves as the transition area
43 A Unique Biosphere Reserve Fig
44 Why Is Sustainability the Key to Conservation? Sustainable agriculture preserves productivity with reduced impact on natural communities The greatest loss of natural habitat occurs when people convert natural ecosystems to farms Because farmers must produce large amounts of food at low cost, this can lead to unsustainable practices
45 30.6 Why Is Sustainability the Key to Conservation? Two issues must be considered What should human lifestyles look like and what technologies are appropriate to produce those lifestyles in a sustainable way? How many people can Earth support, at what lifestyle?
46 30.6 Why Is Sustainability the Key to Conservation? Changes in lifestyle and use of appropriate technologies are essential A minimal lifestyle must include: Adequate food and clothing Clean air and water Good health care and working conditions Educational and career opportunities Access to natural environments
47 Human Population Growth Threatens Sustainability Fig
Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services
LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT, 18e G. TYLER MILLER SCOTT E. SPOOLMAN 10 Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services Core Case Study: Costa Rica A Global Conservation Leader
More informationChapter Biodiversity
Chapter 6 6.3 Biodiversity Key Questions: 1) Why is biodiversity important? 2) What are the most significant threats to biodiversity? 3) How do we preserve biodiversity? Types of Biodiversity Biological
More informationChapter 56 Conservation Biology and Global Change
Chapter 56 Conservation Biology and Global Change Overview: Striking Gold 1.8 million species have been named and described Biologists estimate 10 200 million species exist on Earth Tropical forests contain
More informationSNC1D BIOLOGY 8/7/2014. SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS L Benefits of Natural Ecosystems (P.~) Activity: Benefits of Natural Ecosystems
SNC1D BIOLOGY SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS L Benefits of Natural Ecosystems (P.~) Activity: Benefits of Natural Ecosystems ISSUE Recreational activities and an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of nature
More informationScience and the Environment. Mrs. Svedstrup
Science and the Environment Mrs. Svedstrup Objective Define environmental science and compare environmental science with ecology What Is Environmental Science? Environmental Science is the study of the
More informationSection 6.1: A Changing Landscape. Name: Block: Date:
Section 6.1: A Changing Landscape Name: Block: Date: 1. Our daily activities impact the quality of Earth s natural resources:,, a. These activities are:,, 2. The Effect of Human Activity :Agriculture a.
More informationChapter 6 Review. 3. A resource that cannot be replenished by natural processes is called a. common. b. renewable. c. nonrenewable. d. conserved.
Name Hour Chapter 6 Review 1. Which of the following human activities was NOT important in transforming the biosphere? a. agriculture b. industry c. urban development d. aquaculture 2. Civilizations could
More informationBiodiversity. Conservation Biology. What s the problem? 12/3/13
Conservation Biology: The science of managing and conserving (analyzing and protecting) our earth s biological systems Conservation Biology Integrates ecology, population biology, physiology, molecular
More informationChapter 38 Conservation Biology
Chapter 38 Conservation Biology Introduction Over the past century, wild tiger populations have been reduced from about 100,000 to 3,200. Tigers are threatened by declining habitat, poaching, and human
More informationFoundation Course. Semester 3 THREATS TO THE ENVIRONMENT
Foundation Course Semester 3 THREATS TO THE ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION Atmosphere, water and soil are the most important components of environment in which we live. Atmospheric factors like rainfall, humidity,
More informationOTBA. THEME: Forests - Friends for Life
OTBA THEME: Forests - Friends for Life The forest is a complex ecosystem consisting mainly of trees that have formed a buffer for the earth to protect life forms. The trees which make up the main area
More information5/12/15. We depend on environment for. Food Water Air Shelter Fuel, etc. Environmental science the study of the impact of humans on the environment
List examples of chemical pollution from industry, agriculture, or everyday use. What are some possible effects that these pollutants can have on the environment? Doerfler Biology I How are humans and
More informationCHAPTER. 7 Biodiversity and Conservation
CHAPTER 7 Biodiversity and Conservation S aving the S iberian Tiger Siberian tigers are one of five remaining tiger subspecies. In the early 20th century, hunting and habitat loss reduced the wild population
More informationChapter 16 Human Impact on Ecosystems DAY ONE
Chapter 16 Human Impact on Ecosystems DAY ONE Earth s resources As the human population grows, the demand for resources increases. Our population continues to grow. Earth s carrying capacity is actually
More informationLearning Objectives. Reading Assignment. Supplemental Resources. Unit Lesson. Learning Activities (Non-Graded) Key Terms
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE The Earth s Biomes, Biodiversity, and Conservation Reading Assignment Chapter 5: Biomes and Biodiversity Chapter 6: Environmental Conservation: Forests, Grasslands, Parks, and Nature
More informationBIOMES. Living World
BIOMES Living World Biomes Biomes are large regions of the world with distinctive climate, wildlife and vegetation. They are divided by terrestrial (land) or aquatic biomes. Terrestrial Biomes Terrestrial
More information1 An Interconnected Planet
CHAPTER 6 1 An Interconnected Planet SECTION The Environment KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: How are humans and the environment connected? What is the difference between
More informationBiodiversity and Conservation
Chapter Test A CHAPTER 5 Biodiversity and Conservation Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the phrase or sentence that best answers each question. Part B: Matching 1.
More informationKeystone Biology Remediation B4: Ecology
Keystone Biology Remediation B4: Ecology Assessment Anchors: to describe the levels of ecological organization (i.e. organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere) (B.4.1.1) to describe
More informationINVASIVE SPECIES MADE BY: RIYA, LAVANYA, ADAI, PRACHI, RUDRA
INVASIVE SPECIES MADE BY: RIYA, LAVANYA, ADAI, PRACHI, RUDRA WHAT ARE INVASIVE SPECIES? Any Kind Of Organism that is not native to an eco system and causes harm to that particular eco system It does not
More informationDang Thi Tuoi Biodiversity Conservation Agency (BCA) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam (MONRE)
Dang Thi Tuoi Biodiversity Conservation Agency (BCA) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam (MONRE) Main Contents: 1. Roles of biodiversity in Vietnam 2. Threats to biodiversity in Vietnam
More informationChapter 6 Section 1: Interconnected Planet. Key Vocabulary Terms 1
Chapter 6 Section 1: Interconnected Planet Key Vocabulary Terms 1 Adapted from Holt Biology 2008 Nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago; oil coal and natural
More information610 Coastal & Marine Ecotourism
610 Coastal & Marine Ecotourism The Sustainable Tourism Destination Management Program The George Washington University Copyright The George Washington University January 2007 All rights reserved No part
More informationBiodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture
Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture FAB-465 (Lecture 6) This Lecture Definitions of sustainable development and sustainable agriculture Significance of biodiversity in the ecosystem Significance of
More informationChapter 12: Effects of Agriculture on the Environment
Chapter 12: Effects of Agriculture on the Environment How Agriculture Changes the Environment Major environmental problems Soil erosion Sediment transport and deposition downstream On-site pollution from
More informationEssential Questions. What are three types of biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important? What are the direct and indirect values of biodiversity?
Essential Questions What are three types of biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important? What are the direct and indirect values of biodiversity? Biodiversity Vocabulary Review gene New extinction biodiversity
More informationThe Water-Climate Nexus and Food Security in the Americas. Michael Clegg University of California, Irvine
The Water-Climate Nexus and Food Security in the Americas Michael Clegg University of California, Irvine The Global Challenge Global population is projected to increase by about 30% between now and 2050
More informationECOLOGY PART TWO REVIEW
Name: KEY Date: NOVEMBER 30, 2016 Hour: ECOLOGY PART TWO REVIEW BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 1.What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of Nitrogen gas? 78% 2. In the process of nitrogen fixation and denitrification
More informationValue of native bees to agriculture
Value of native bees to agriculture Native bees pollinated approximately $3 billion of crops in the year 2000 There are approximately 4,000 species of native bees in North America, hundreds of which contribute
More informationAn Interconnected Planet
An Interconnected Planet Key Ideas How are humans and the environment connected? What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources? How can the state of the environment affect a person
More informationAnthropic Impacts and Biodiversity
Chapter IV Anthropic Impacts and Biodiversity How humans have drastically changed the balance of life on Earth A living fossil: Gymnocrinus richeri Introduction Chapter IV: Anthropic Impacts and Biodiversity
More informationHUMA N IMPA C T O N BIO MES A RO UN D THE W O RLD
HUMA N IMPA C T O N BIO MES A RO UN D THE W O RLD HOMEWORK DIRECTIONS (due Wed/Thurs): For EACH of these biomes (yes, go through all), look for evidence of HIPPCO in the article (these are the main ways
More informationRevised mapping of the CITES Strategic Vision: objectives and the Aichi Targets in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity
Revised mapping of the CITES Strategic Vision: 2008 2020 objectives and the Aichi Targets in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2010-2020. Analysis of how CITES Strategic Vision objectives contribute
More informationThe Introduction of Non-Native Species
http://www.invasivespeciesscotland.org.uk/filelibrary/images/profiles/zebra_mussel_glerl_3.jpg The Introduction of Non-Native Species Introduced Species Food webs are complex interactions among species
More informationDraw disruptive, stabilizing, and directional selection on the board. Explain disruptive selection using an example. What effects speciation most?
Draw disruptive, stabilizing, and directional selection on the board. disruptive selection using an Disruptive selection is when the average physical characteristic of a population is not beneficial. Example:
More informationby 2010 or beyond and what are the implications for the Convention on Biological Diversity?
6. What are the prospects for reducing the rate of loss of biodiversity by 2010 or beyond and what are the implications for the Convention on Biological Diversity? Biodiversity will continue to decline
More informationENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Advanced Placement ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Agriculture + Pesticides Student 2014 Agriculture and Pesticides Food Production At present 11% of the world s land is being used to produce crops. This represents
More informationCh Living Sustainably
Ch. 01 - Living Sustainably Environment - all external conditions and factors that affect living organisms Ecology - the study of relationships between living organisms and their environment Environmental
More information5/11/15 CONCEPTS OF BIOLOGY. Biodiversity: types, importance, threats, and preservation. There are three major types of biodiversity
BIOSC10 END OF SEMESTER ANNOUNCEMENTS Today Quiz (chapters 19-20) Last new material! Chapter 21 Wed- review Q12 (2 pts) + 6 pts for active participation Bring a complete draft of your take-home final questions
More informationPrinciples for Bioenergy Development Updated April 23, 2007
Principles for Bioenergy Development Updated April 23, 2007 Introduction Global warming is one of the most serious challenges humankind has ever faced. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the Intergovernmental
More information1-1 UNIT 6 SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION
1-1 UNIT 6 SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION 1-2 THE RESOURCE SCARCITY DEBATE Scarcities and limits: Malthus thesis was one of the influential contributions to resource-scarcity.
More informationEnvironmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability
LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT, 18e G. TYLER MILLER SCOTT E. SPOOLMAN 1 Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Core Case Study: A Vision of a More Sustainable World in 2065 A transition in
More informationGlobal warming, population growth, acid rain, eutrophication, CFCs/environmental toxins HUMAN IMPACTS
Global warming, population growth, acid rain, eutrophication, CFCs/environmental toxins HUMAN IMPACTS GLOBAL WARMING GLOBAL WARMING Trapping of warm air close to the Earth s surface due to emission of
More informationChapter 1 Notes Science and the Environment
Name: Date: Chapter 1 Notes Science and the Environment Section 1 Understanding Our Environment What is Environmental Science? (p. 5) Environmental science = the study of the,, and surrounding an organism
More informationTHE INTRODUCTION THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
THE INTRODUCTION The earth is surrounded by atmosphere composed of many gases. The sun s rays penetrate through the atmosphere to the earth s surface. Gases in the atmosphere trap heat that would otherwise
More informationProtecting Natural Resources for All
20 3 Protecting Natural Resources for All In this chapter: page Inequality: cause and effect of environmental health problems... 22 Corporate control is bad for our health...24 Building community institutions...25
More informationThe Social and Economic Importance of Canada s Privately Owned Forest Lands
The Social and Economic Importance of Canada s Privately Owned Forest Lands Key Points n Private forests make up 6% of Canada s 402 million ha of forested land and 13% of the managed forest. n Private
More informationChapter One Environmental Science
Chapter One Environmental Science I. What is environmental science? A. definition: the study of the air, water and land surrounding an organism or a community, which ranges from a small area to the Earth
More informationPerformance Standard 6 V2
Introduction 1. Performance Standard 6 recognizes that protecting and conserving biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem services, and sustainably managing living natural resources are fundamental to sustainable
More informationOntario Envirothon LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Ontario Envirothon Learning Objectives
Ontario Envirothon LEARNING OBJECTIVES Updated Fall 2015 5 Contents Contents... 6 Overall Objectives... 7 Aquatic Ecology... 8 Specific Objectives... 8 Overall Objectives... 8 Application/Analysis... 9
More informationHabitat Loss and Fragmentation
Habitat Loss and Fragmentation Fuente: Center for Biodiversity and Conservation What is: Habitat Fragmentation? The end result of human settlement and resource extraction in a landscape is a patchwork
More informationEcology, the Environment, and Us
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 23 Ecology, the Environment, and Us Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University
More informationRock/ soil type and altitude differences.
How does climate affect an ecosystem? The Earth s climate depends on energy from the sun. It affects growing conditions for vegetation and affects the location and characteristics of large scale eco-systems.
More informationInternational Union for Conservation of Nature. Conserving biodiversity Pioneering nature s solutions to global challenges
International Union for Conservation of Nature Conserving biodiversity Pioneering nature s solutions to global challenges WHO WE ARE Founded in 1948, IUCN is the world s largest global environmental organization.
More informationGlobal Climate Change
Global Climate Change Objective 2.2.1 Infer how human activities (including population growth, pollution, global warming, burning of fossil fuels, habitat destruction, and introduction of non-native species)
More informationSOLUTIONS TO BIODIVERSITY CRISIS (W 11new text):
SOLUTIONS TO BIODIVERSITY CRISIS (W 11new text): Passenger Pigeon (p. 63-64) Conservation Biology (p. 300-302) National and International Law: Endangered Species Act, CITES, CBD (p. 302-303 Captive Breeding,
More informationIntroduction to Ecosystem Services and Climate Change
Introduction to Ecosystem Services and Climate Change Beto Borges Director, Community and Markets Program Forest Trends 4 April 2011 Ecosystems are the combined interactions of: Biological / living (plant,
More informationGEF-6 NEEDS ASSESSMENT OUESTIONNAIRE
GEF-6 NEEDS ASSESSMENT OUESTIONNAIRE 1. What is the total required by the country to meet CBD s three objectives and the 2020 biodiversity targets (National and International)?* 2. Total Amount Needed
More informationBiodiversity maintains a healthy biosphere and provides direct and indirect value to humans.
1 Chapter 5HB Biodiversity & Conservation I. Biodiversity Biodiversity maintains a healthy biosphere and provides direct and indirect value to humans. A. What is biodiversity? 1. Defined Extinctionspecies
More informationDeforestation and its disastrous consequences for climate change and food security
Deforestation and its disastrous consequences for climate change and food security Shiva S. Makki* This note prepared for posting on Youthink website [ http://youthink ]. The World Bank maintains this
More information2/24/2009. The factors that determine what type of forest will grow in a region are temperature precipitation growing season soil land forms
FOREST FACTS Forestry 37% of Canada's land area covered by forests. Stretches in a continuous band from BC to NL. Commercial forests are forests that could be easily be harvested for timber. Non-commercial
More informationMARINE POLLUTION DEGRADATION MITIGATION MANAGEMENT IS ESSENTIAL FOR IMPROVING MARINE ENVIRONMENT
MARINE POLLUTION DEGRADATION MITIGATION MANAGEMENT IS ESSENTIAL FOR IMPROVING MARINE ENVIRONMENT The health of the world s oceans and marine life is degrading rapidly as a result of excess human activities.
More informationInnovation in Restoration
Innovation in Restoration 2030 and beyond Why Innovation in Restoration? How Big is the Restoration Challenge? Globally, two billion hectares of degraded and deforested land could benefit from restoration.
More informationScope and Sequence for Environmental Systems Incorporating Essential Learning Outcomes. Prepared by Michael Delesantro Science Academy of South Texas
Scope Sequence for Environmental Systems Incorporating Essential Learning Outcomes Prepared by Michael Delesantro Science Academy of South Texas April 27, 2009 Environmental Systems - Scope Sequence -
More informationPLANT AND ANIMAL DIVERSITY
by the planning rule team as of. These ideas are for discussion purposes and do not What we want to achieve PLANT AND ANIMAL DIVERSITY The Forest Service is committed to protecting species and sustaining
More informationScientific Facts on. Biodiversity. A Global Outlook
page 1/26 Scientific Facts on Biodiversity A Global Outlook Source document: CBD (2006) Summary & Details: GreenFacts Level 2 - Details on Biodiversity 1. Why is biodiversity loss a concern?...3 2. What
More informationConcept of Organic Farming S S R A N A S R S C I E N T I S T
S S R A N A S R S C I E N T I S T Concept 2 Organic farming endorses the concept that the soil, plant, animals and human beings are linked. In philosophical terms organic farming means farming in sprits
More informationGas Guzzlers. Biological Pump
Gas Guzzlers Biological Pump Aquatic Biodiversity Chapter 8 Coral Reefs Open Ocean Deep Sea Marine equivalent of tropical rain forests Habitats for one-fourth of all marine species Coral polyps, which
More informationAP Environmental Science
AP Environmental Science Types of aquatic life zones MARINE Estuaries coral reefs mangrove swamps neritic zone pelagic zone FRESHWATER lakes and ponds streams and rivers wetlands Distribution of aquatic
More informationCOMMITTEE ON FORESTRY
April 2014 COFO/2014/5.1 E COMMITTEE ON FORESTRY TWENTY-SECOND SESSION Rome, Italy, 23-27 June 2014 FORESTS AND THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS I. INTRODUCTION 1. At the United Nations Conference on
More informationUnit A: Introduction to Forestry. Lesson 3: Recognizing the Importance of Forests
Unit A: Introduction to Forestry Lesson 3: Recognizing the Importance of Forests 1 Terms Forest Forest canopy Piling Pulpwood Timberland Total forest land Urban forestry Veneer Reserved forest land 2 What
More informationEnvironmental science: An interdisciplinary area of study that includes both applied and theoretical aspects of human impact on the world.
Chapter 1: Environmental Interrelationships THE NATURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Environmental science: An interdisciplinary area of study that includes both applied and theoretical aspects of human impact
More informationbackground info: organic agriculture
natural/organic food background info: organic agriculture organic farming in Africa There are two levels of organic farming in Africa, certified organic production and non-certified or agro-ecological
More informationUnit 1. Science and the Environment
Unit 1 Science and the Environment Part 1 Understanding Our Environment Part 1 This section describes the fields that contribute to environmental science. It also explores the history of humans in the
More informationEcology. - Air pollutants (Sulfur and Nitrogen) mix with water in the atmosphere - This rain destroys wildlife and habitats
Ecology Study online at quizlet.com/_2dqy57 1. Acid Rain 7. Ozone Layer Depletion - Air pollutants (Sulfur and Nitrogen) mix with water in the atmosphere - This rain destroys wildlife and habitats 2. Exotic
More information8/5/2011. Lesson Overview. Disturbance/Fragmentation. Shifting Mosaic. Number one cause of biodiversity loss. Types of disturbance. - Scale, frequency
Lesson Overview Disturbances Fragmentation Types Measuring Corridors Effects Texas Example 1 Shifting Mosaic Landscape a shifting mosaic. - Made up of patches in different phases of successional development.
More informationFourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC (2007) on Climate Change. Part II Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.
Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC (2007) on Climate Change Part II Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Summary 06/04/07 The report from Working Group II of the Intergovernmental
More informationBIOLOGY 101L Laboratory 6: Biodiversity
BIOLOGY 101L Laboratory 6: Biodiversity Name: Objectives (1) Students can define biodiversity and outline the different scales at which biodiversity are studied. (2) Students can outline the importance
More informationENV 200. Reminder again: do read chapter 1. (you are responsible for it all and for the extra material that we discuss in class)
ENV 200 Reminder again: do read chapter 1 (you are responsible for it all and for the extra material that we discuss in class) Course evaluation exam 1: chapters 1 and 2: 20% exam 2: chapters 3, 4, and
More informationForest Biomes. Chapter 9
Forest Biomes Chapter 9 9.1 Objectives ~Describe the characteristics of the coniferous forest. ~Explain adaptations that enable organisms to survive in coniferous forests. 9.1 Coniferous Forests Coniferous
More informationnot to be republished NCERT You have already learnt about the BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION You have already learnt about the geomorphic processes particularly weathering and depth of weathering mantle in different climatic zones. See the Figure 6.2 in Chapter 6
More informationBSAP & HK Biodiversity: The Way Forward
Michel Roggo / WWF-Canon BSAP & HK Biodiversity: The Way Forward Dr. Michael Lau Assistant Director, Conservation 26 May 2015 Solutions for a living planet Photo: Bena Smith 1 Hong Kong biodiversity is
More informationA Partnership for Saving West Africa s Coastal Assets
A Partnership for Saving West Africa s Coastal Assets 2015 West Africa Coastal Areas Management Program (WACA) 1 Africa s development and climate agendas are inextricably linked: If unaddressed, climate
More informationABBOTT HALL OF CONSERVATION RESTORING EARTH EXHIBITION CLIMATE CHANGE GUIDE
CHICAGO COMMUNITY CLIMATE ACTION TOOLKIT Find this and other climate action tools at climatechicago.fieldmuseum.org ABBOTT HALL OF CONSERVATION RESTORING EARTH EXHIBITION CLIMATE CHANGE GUIDE The Field
More informationHow Water Loss Affects Biodiversity
How Water Loss Affects Biodiversity By ReadWorks In order for humans to live, they need access to fresh water. While nearly 70% of the earth s surface is water, most of it is salt water, which humans cannot
More informationConservation biology. Chapter 47
Conservation biology Chapter 47 Conservation We are limited on resources. Whatever matter exists on our planet is all we ll ever have. Conservation biology is a new field of science. It focuses on ensuring
More informationChapter 13 of Agenda 21
Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 What is Agenda 21? Agenda 21 is the global plan of action that was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
More informationBiomes and Biodiversity Power Point Notes
Name period date assigned date due date returned Biomes and Biodiversity Power Point Notes 1. One teacher is to as all teachers is to. 2. Teachers and students are to as George West is to. Vocabulary Word
More informationYou have already learnt about the
CHAPTER BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION You have already learnt about the geomorphic processes particularly weathering and depth of weathering mantle in different climatic zones. See the Figure 6.2 in Chapter
More informationRoles of Organisms in Ecosystems. P Organisms that feed off dead organisms or the waste of other organisms are called scavengers.
Roles of Organisms in Ecosystems P Organisms that feed off dead organisms or the waste of other organisms are called scavengers. Roles of Organisms in Ecosystems P Organisms that break down dead organisms
More informationREINTRODUCING NATIVE PLANTS INTO THE WILD
REINTRODUCING NATIVE PLANTS INTO THE WILD Written for the New England Plant Conservation Program (NEPCoP) by Mary Parkin, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Every year more rare plant populations and habitats
More informationSlide 1 / All of Earth's water, land, and atmosphere within which life exists is known as a. Population Community Biome Biosphere
Slide 1 / 40 1 ll of Earth's water, land, and atmosphere within which life exists is known as a Population ommunity iome iosphere Slide 2 / 40 2 ll the plants, animals, fungi living in a pond make up a
More informationWater and Watersheds. Data Maps Action
Water and Watersheds Data Maps Action What is the Wildlife Action Plan? Restore rare wildlife and habitats. Keep common species common. 2015 Revision: Partners in Conservation Science 2015 Revision Data
More information