Contents. 1. About NEDO. 2.1 Importance of Clean Coal Technology 2.2 NEDO s CCT Development Strategy

Transcription

1 Resent Activities of CCT 23th April, 2013 at Edinburgh University Dr. Yasuhiro Yamauchi Environment Department Contents 1. About NEDO 2.1 Importance of Clean Technology 2.2 NEDO s CCT Development Strategy 3. Improvement of -fired Power Generation Efficiency 4. Dissemination of High-efficiency CCT 5. Feasibility Study on CCS in Japan

2 NEDO, an incorporated administrative agency under METI, promotes R&D as well as the dissemination of industrial, energy and environmental technologies. Japanese Government, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Budget NEDO Coordination with policymaking authorities Budget: Approx. USD$ 1.3 billion Number of personnel: Approx. 900 Finance Academia Industry Public research laboratories Mtoe Global primary energy demand by source Mtoe Global power generation by source Other renewables Bio energy Hydro Nuclear Gas Oil % 25% % 38% 0 0 Source: World Energy Outlook 2002, 2004,

3 1.2 1 Setsuden refers to Japan s energy conservation movement 1.1 trillion kwh 10% Approx. 1 trillion kwh Renewable energy Oil LNG Nuclear 63% Fossil fuels Oil LNG 35% 65% Source: Options for Energy and the Environment (outline) (The Energy and Environment Council Decision on June 29, 2012) July 2012 National Policy Unit New Energy Policy will be established based on the coalition government formed between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito Party. The Japanese government will take all possible measures to stabilize energy supply and demand to meet the needs of its citizens and prevent any interruptions in economic activities. In this respect, it will establish a Responsible Energy Policy. Japan s Zero-nuclear Energy Policy aimed at halting the operations of all nuclear power plants by the 2030s and established by the previous administration needs to be reviewed. The LDP s manifesto during the House of Representatives election in December 2012 states that it will establish a sustainable long-term best energy mix within ten years. Japan will establish a responsible energy policy in accordance with these principles. Source: Japan s Policy, March 26,2013, Division, Natural Resources and Fuel Department, ANRE,METI

4 イメージを表示できません メモリ不足のためにイメージを開くことができないか イメージが破損している可能性があります コンピュータを再起動して再度ファイルを開いてください それでも赤い x が表示される場合は イメージを削除して挿入してください イメージを表示できません メモリ不足のためにイメージを開くことができないか イメージが破損している可能性があります コンピュータを再起動して再度ファイルを開いてください それでも赤い x が表示される場合は イメージを削除して挿入してください 1.Technology for Sustainable Use of State-of-the-art gasification technology accelerates the establishment of coal-based low carbon societies Smart IGFC Hydrogen energy supply chain Fertilizer EAGLE project H2 (chemical materials, fuel cell, hydrogen fuel) Electricity Reduction Synthetic gas Reduced iron CO+H₂ Steel Hydrogen production Gasificatio n FT synthesis, etc. Upgrading, drying Liquid fuel CO 2 Gas fuel -Substitute natural gas (SNG) Clean fuel -DME, -Gasoline, -Diesel oil, etc. CCS (EOR) Biomass Oxyfuel Workshop on Dec. 4 th, 2012 at NETL Pittsburgh Brown coal, low rank coal Oil NEDO has placed an emphasis on the development of IGCC and IGFC which h utilize gasification as a core technology in order to improve power generation efficiency, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell Combined Cycle (IGFC) Advanced Ultra-super Critical Steam Condition (A-USC)

5 Energy Application for Gas, Liquid & Electricity (EAGLE) Photograph of EAGLE Pilot Plant (150 tons/day) Gas purifier Gasifier (150 tons/day) Air separation facilities Incinerator CO 2 separation facilities (Chemical Absorption technology) N Sulfur recovery facilities Gas turbine house (8 MW) Stage 1 ( ) Oxygen-blown entrained-flow gasifier was developed. Gas cleanup technology was established. Stage 2 ( ) CO 2 capture technology (chemical absorption) was developed. type diversification (high ash fusion temperature coal) was carried out. Trace elements behavior was investigated. Stage 3 ( ) Development of CO 2 capture technology (physical absorption) Survey of innovative CO 2 capture technology EAGLE Stage 3: Survey of innovation CO2 capture technology - Development of CO 2 capture technology (physical absorption) - A survey on innovative CO 2 capture technology is being carried out in order to develop optimal CCS technology to be used in combination with higher pressure systems in next generation IGCC. The EAGLE pilot plant is being utilized to conduct an oxygen-blown entrained-flow gasifier, CCS test using mainly physical absorption technology. CO 2 separation facilities (physical absorption, newly installed) CO 2 separation facilities (chemical absorption) Gasifier Shift 1 Reactor 2 (Desulfurizer) (Desulfurizer) CO Shift Reactor Sour shift (location of Desulfurizer: 2) Sweet shift (location of Desulfurizer: 1) CO₂ Absorberb Physical absorption Chemical absorption CO₂ absorber Stage 3 Currently testing Gas turbine Stage 2 Reference test

6 EAGLE Stage 3: Survey of innovation CO2 capture technology - Results of EAGLE Pilot Plant - Gasification Gasifier Syngas Cooler Cold Gas Cleanup Fine Desulfurizer MDEA Stripper Limestone Scrubber Char Filter GGH Water Scrubber Water MDEA Scrubber Absorber Gypsum Slag N2 O2 Char N2 Sour Shift Physical CO2 Capture (Under Construction) Sweet Chemical Shift CO2 Capture Waste Heat Recovery Boiler Air Air Feed Compressor Rectifying Column Air Comp GT G HRSG Incinerator Air Separation Unit Gas Turbine ST (not installed) G Stack Ref: H. Suzuki, The Clearwater Clean Conference, Florida U.A., N2 O2 EAGLE Stage 3: Survey of innovation CO2 capture technology - Results of Chemical absorption Development - CO H2 Sweet Shift Reactors Steam CO2 H2 CO2 Capture (Steam Regen.) H2 Rich Gas CO2 Reboiler Absorber Stripper CO + H2O CO2 + H2 + 41kJ/mol CO2 Capture (Heated Flash Regen.) H2 Rich Gas CO2 Syngas Feed Rate: 1,000 Nm 3 /h CO2 Recovery Rate: 24 t/d Absorber Flash Drum Case# Steam Steam Heated Flash Regeneration Regeneration Regeneration (Base Case) (Improved) Solvent Circulation Ratio (L/G) 6.8kg/kg 6.7kg/kg 12.5kg/kg Reboiler Steam Ratio (G/L) 140kg/m 3 90kg/m 3 - Flash Drum Temperature Heat Required for Regeneration 2.99GJ/t-CO2 1.93GJ/t-CO2 1.39GJ/t-CO GJ/t-CO2 CO2 Recovery Ratio 91.8% 91.4% 85.3% >80% 28% cut 23% cut Basic data on solvent regeneration 4 energy of the heated flash mode- Heated Flash mode(actual) under condition of more then 80% CO2 recovery rate, 1.0~1.3GJ/t- CO2 were obtained as the parametric testing results. They indicated that energy consumption is improved by 10-30% when compared with last year s results.

7 EAGLE Stage 3: Survey of innovation CO2 capture technology - Results of F.S. of Actual Chemical absorption System - Dry Low-NOx Gas Turbine Combustor for IGCC (Demonstrated at EAGLE)

8 IGCC Air Air separation unit Oxygen Gasificatio on Gasifier Steam turbine Gas clean-up facilities Syngas (CO, H 2 ) Steam Gas turbine Combustor Air Compressor Generator Stack CO 2 Capture Technology Shift reactor H 2 rich gas CO 2, H 2 Fuel Cell CO 2 Capture Technology Fuel cell CO 2 HRSG (heat recovery steam generator) Osaki CoolGen Project Location: Osaki, Hiroshima; Capacity: 167 MW Construction period: First stage: IGCC verification tests will start from March 2017 Second stage: Demonstration of CO₂ capture technology Third stage: Demonstration of IGFC with CO₂ capture technology H2 To CO₂ transportation and storage processes (out of scope for Osaki Project) Oosaki Cool Gen (OCG) Project Rendering of OCG facilities Gasification Now constriction is started

9 Nakoso IGCC Demonstration Plant Becomes First IGCC Commercial Plant in Japan (Nakoso Unit 10) To acquire data for designing a demonstration plant, a 200 t/d IGCC pilot plant was put into operation from under the management of NEDO. After the pilot plant project, the demonstration plant, which can produce 250 MW of electricity, was constructed in Nakoso of Fukushima prefecture and operations started in Two thousand hours of continuous operations were achieved during the first year of the project in 2008, and cumulative operations of 19,600 hours were attained as of March, After all test objectives were achieved, the demonstration plant became the first IGCC commercial plant in Japan, Nakoso Unit 10th on April 1, Updating Nakoso 250MW IGCC Demonstration Project Target and Achievement Targets Results Status of Achievement Future plan Safe and 250MW 250MW Achieved - Stable Operation Long Term continuous Operation >2000hr 2238hr Achieved - Net Thermal Efficiency >42% (LHV basis) 42.9% Achieved - Carbon Conversion Rate >99.9% >99.9% Achieved - Environmental SOx <8ppm 1.0ppm Achieved - Performance NOx <5ppm 3.4ppm Dust <4mg/m3N <0.1mg/m3N s Bituminous (B) Chinese (B) Achieved Increase in coal Sub-bituminous (SB) Russian (B) Types USA (2SB) Indonesian (B,2SB) Colombian (B) Canadian (B) Start-up Time <18hr 15hr Achieved - Minimum Load 50% 36% Achieved - Load Change Rate 3%/min 3%/min Achieved - Durability & Reliability & Maintainability Economy estimation Evaluate during 5000hr test Less than or equal to PCF power generation cost 5013hr in one year, No serious damage Construction cost and operation cost was estimated. Same as convention al PCF Could be compatible with PCF Maintenance interval Evaluation, Higher availability Maintenance cost Evaluation etc.

10 As Japan has achieved the world s highest efficiency levels for coal-fired thermal power generation technology, project feasibility studies are currently being conducted on high-efficiency CCT, such as USC and IGCC in order to disseminate CCT technologies worldwide and reduce global CO 2 emissions. Thermal Efficienc cy (Gross, LHV) [%] Japan Germany USA Australia China India Japan Germany U.S.A. Australia China India '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 ' '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 Year Feasibility studies are currently being carried out on the following technologies: USC, USC + CCS IGCC, IGCC + CCS gasification (SNG, H 2, clean synthetic fuel, etc.) Upgrading or drying of low rank coal Operational know-how (combustion simulation, etc.) International comparison of fossil fuel power generation efficiency (ECOFYS) (2010) Results Application Adoption FS implementation Project formation Potential for CO 2 reductions Next step is implemented by private sector through JBIC loans, etc Screening by outside experts and NEDO Explanation of project to counterpart country Technology investigation commission (advice for project development) Report FS results to counterpar t country Collection of information for follow-up Project management meeting monthly process Provide information for Feasibility Studies on Bilateral Offset Credit Mechanism Evaluation

11 2011: Advanced operation know-how using coal-fired boiler simulation in China 2011: IGCC project in Lang Fang, China 2012: Advanced operation know-how using low rank coal-fired boiler simulation in China 2011 project formation research 2012 project formation research 2011: Clean synthetic fuel using coal project in Mongolia : 2012: High-efficiency coal power plant (USC) in Poland 2012: High-efficiency coal power plant (USC) in Bosnia and Herzegovina 2012: HECA IGCC project (additional FS) in the U.S. 2011: High-efficiency coal power plant (USC) and CCS in Bulgaria 2012: Upgraded brown coal (UBC) and highefficiency coal power plant (USC) in India 2012: Co-firing domestic anthracite and imported coal at a high-efficiency coal power plant in Vietnam 2012: CCS and turbine renewable project in Taiwan 2011: IGCC project in Indonesia 2011: Substitute coking coal project using low rank coal in Indonesia 2012: Low rank coal power/steam tube drying system 2012: Circulation fluidized bed power plant in Indonesia : Hydrogen energy supply chain using Victorian brown coal in Australia 2012: Oxy-fuel combustion power plant (USC) in Australia 1. Scope of Work Mitsubishi Heavy Industries is currently carrying out front-end engineering design activities (FEED) as part of the Hydrogen Energy California project (HECA). Additional research to support the HECA project is being conducted in order to improve the economic feasibility of the project by raising the blending ratio of pet coke through a gasification test. The potential for GHG emissions reductions is also being evaluated through this research. 2. Duration June 2012 March Entrusted Company Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Gasifier Gasifier SGC CO₂ Pulverize r Hoppe r Steam Syngas Char Slag hopper AGR Acid gas Remova l GTCC Power plant Chemical process Electricity Chemicals 22

12 FS results on 500 MW class USC + CCS plant Cooling tower CO 2 capture and compressor FGD ESP USC plant The results of the FS showed that one high-efficiency USC unit of 500 MW class would be more effective as efficiency would increase by 6% (32% 38%) %) and construction costs would be the same compared to construction costs for two subcritical 225 MW units. NEDO s CCT Development Strategy is as follows: 1 Improvement of -fired Power Generation Efficiency 2 Feasibility Study on CCS in Japan 3 Dissemination of High-efficiency CCT We are currently conducting the project feasibility on highefficiency CCT, such as USC and IGCC in order to disseminate CCT technologies worldwide and reduce global CO2 emissions.

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