The Nitrogen Cycle options for interventions.
|
|
- Julie Doreen Brown
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Nitrogen Cycle options for interventions. Rob Norton Regional Director, ANZ International Plant Nutrition Fertcare Sugarcane Workshops Brandon, Queensland Tuesday 11 April 2017.
2 Not another talk about N cycles? There is no shortage of N in bio-geological systems. There is a shortage of reactive-n in biological systems.
3 What does it tell us? Most of the N is in the atmosphere non-reactive N There are several sources of reactive-n (N R ) Fertilizers, N fixation, Combustion, Atmosphere. There are several pools or types of N. Organic, Mineral, Gaseous. N flows through these pools in reasonably predictable ways. There are some key pools of N R Plants/Water Nitrate, Ammonium Soil Organic N Air Nitrous/Nitric Oxides, Ammonia
4 Nitrogen Cascade deviations in the N Cycle Current view of the N flows through systems European Nitrogen Assessment - INI
5 Key processes in the N cycle/cascade Transformations are controlled biologically controlled Microbes. Oxygen Temperature Substrates Losses driven by Environment X Management
6 Key Transformations Formation of nitrate Ammonification is the formation of ammonia/ammonium from organic matter, Rapid, not often the rate limiting step Nitrification is a two step process Oxidation so requires oxygen Water (<70% WFPS) Temperature (>10 o C) Substrate (OC%/OM% 6ES Mineralisation Index Immobilization mineralisation Depends on C:N ratio of the organic material If there is relatively more C than N (>30:1) N is withdrawn from the mineral N pool.
7 Each % Organic carbon mineralizes ~ 25 kg N/ha. One t/ha legume DM fixes kg N/ha (less removal)
8 The Ideal Fertilizer : nutrient release is synchronized with the crops nutrient requirements.
9 The problem with nitrate - NO 3 - Nitrate Nitrate is the major form in which N is taken up by plants It is an anion (negative charge) the plant cell inside is negatively charged so uptake is active requiring energy to assimilate it and then reduce nitrate to ammonium (biologically active form) Nitrate Reductase Energy cost to assimilate nitrate. Sugarcane can take up ammonium (and some amino compounds). Especially where nitrate is abundant Nitrate is mobile. Ammonium is adsorbed. Robinson et al. (2011) PLOS ONE 6(4): e doi: /journal.pone
10
11 Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers (EEF) Delays the nutrient availability for plant uptake for some period of time after application Stabilized Fertilizers products treated with inhibitors Low Solubility Fertilizers - slow release products Coated Fertilizers controlled release products
12 Stabilized Fertilizers: Nitrification Inhibitors Inhibit the process of nitrification (ammonium oxidisers) 64 selected chemicals tested as nitrification inhibitors Some examples (from Chen et al. 2009): Mostly operate by depressing Nitrosomonas activity (AOB) But do not affect ammonium oxidizing archea (AOA). Duration of activity Nitropyrin(<30 d), DMPP(25-70 d), DCD(25-55 d) High temperatures reduce duration.
13 Stabilized Fertilizers: Nitrification Inhibitors Much interest has been in reducing nitrous/nitric oxides Consequence of denitrification Gaseous loss No oxygen Mineral Nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate deep drainage Denitrification High OM Anaerobic High nitrate Warm
14 Effect of temperature and soil water Ammonium Chen et al SBB 42, Nitrate
15
16 Stabilized Fertilizers: Urease Inhibitors Used with urea inhibit the first step in converting urea to ammonia and carbon-dioxide hydrolysis Urea + Water > Carbon dioxide + ammonia Urease is common in plant material so is rarely missing. Abundance does vary with plant material Rapid evolution of ammonia Lost to the atmosphere. NBTP - N-(n-Butyl) phosphoric triamide Two formulations Others but not commercialized.
17 Stabilized Fertilizers: Urease Inhibitors i% to 25% of N lost as ammonia Worst case scenarios for ammonia loss: GTB is rich in urease so needs high NBPT rates Cantaerella et al. 2008
18 Stabilized Fertilizers: Other Products Organic acids Humates Oils Neem oil Tars Biostimulants Seaweed Extracts
19 Low Solubility Fertilizers: Slow release Low solubility compounds Urea-formaldehyde reaction products (polymers) 1930 s. Commercialised 1940 s; Solid & Liquid products Several products not used widely if at all now Isobutyldiene urea (IDBU) No free urea, N released by slow hydrolysis, 8-12 weeks.
20 Coated Fertilizers: Controlled Release Products Provide a barrier between the urea and the soil and control the rate of hydrolysis. Many types of coats Sulfur coating Breaks down over time Allows water in Hydrolysis commences Integrity of the coat
21 Coated Fertilizers: Controlled Release Products Polymer/Resin - coating/encapsulation Polymers Rapidly growing area dual layering eg Polymer over S Incorporate inhibitors multi-coating
22 Water Release Profiles at Constant Temperature (ESN) % N Released C 10 C 23 C Time (days)
23 Coated Products for N a sample
24 What could EEF s do? Increase yield by ensuring more N get into the crop. Reduce leaching losses of nitrate by preserving it as ammonium or keeping it locked away. Reduce losses of volatile ammonia. Reduce the denitrification of nitrate by keeping it as ammonium or keeping it locked away Focus has been on N 2 O but losses as N 2 are agronomically significant
25 What does the evidence say? Variable response for use of inhibitors (grains). Leaching Nitrification inhibitors Light soils, wet. Denitrification High C, wet soils Volatilization Surface ammonium sources. Polymer coated Urease inhibitors
26 Assessing benefits of EEF s Is the loss process operating within the period of activity of the EEF? Did leaching /denitrification/volatilization conditions occur. Will the control of nitrate release be long enough? Duration of control period Match nitrate demand of the developing crop. Will the N saved provide a yield benefit to the crop? Problem of comparing at one rate. Example kg normal Urea compared to 100 kg EEF Urea Example kg normal Urea compared to 80 kg EEF urea» (Was N limiting?)
27 What to look for in the evidence for EEF s Y i e l d EEF Urea Normal Urea A. Reduced N for same yield B Higher yield with the same N rate N Rate Full rate range of both evidence at the lower values for the control
28 Summary EEF s are one part of achieving improved outcomes if you know where the losses are occurring. The Right Rate, The Right Time and The Right Place are also important
29 IPNI Documents.
30 Other references on EEF s Chein et al, 2009 Recent developments of fertilizer production and use to improve nutrient efficiency and minimize environmental impacts. Advances in Agronomy, 102, Chen et al Prospects of improving efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in Australian agriculture, a review of enhanced efficiency fertilizers. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 46, Trenkel Slow- and controlled-release and stabilized fertilizers. An option for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in Agriculture. IFA document library (download) Verberg et al Ch. 7. Use of enhanced efficiency fertilizers to increase fertrilizer nitrogen use efficiency in sugarcane. In. A review of Nitrogen Use efficiency in sugarcane. SRA (download) Snyder Enhanced nitrogen fertilizer technologies support the 4R concept to optimize crop production and minimize environmental losses. International Nitrogen Conference,
31 Thanks for your attention net
Cycling and Biogeochemical Transformations of N, P and S
Cycling and Biogeochemical Transformations of N, P and S OCN 401 - Biogeochemical Systems Reading: Schlesinger, Chapter 6 1. Nitrogen cycle Soil nitrogen cycle Nitrification Emissions of N gases from soils
More informationReduced Tillage Fertilizer Management. Bill Verbeten NWNY Dairy, Livestock, & Field Crops Team
Reduced Tillage Fertilizer Management Bill Verbeten NWNY Dairy, Livestock, & Field Crops Team 2 Take Home Points Fertilizer placement is the main tool to manage crop fertility in reduced tillage systems
More informationNitrogen Transformation Inhibitors and Controlled Release Urea
AGR-185 Nitrogen Transformation Inhibitors and Controlled Release Urea G.J. Schwab and L.W. Murdock The soaring cost of fossil fuels is an indicator that nitrogen (N) fertilizer prices are going to remain
More informationCycling and Biogeochemical Transformations of N, P, S, and K
Cycling and Biogeochemical Transformations of N, P, S, and K OCN 401 - Biogeochemical Systems 20 September 2016 Reading: Schlesinger & Bernhardt, Chapter 6 2016 Frank Sansone 1. Nitrogen cycle Soil nitrogen
More informationNutrient Management Conference Feb. 7, 2017, St. Cloud, MN Rick Gilbertson Pro Ag Crop Consultants, Inc.
Nutrient Management Conference Feb. 7, 2017, St. Cloud, MN Rick Gilbertson Pro Ag Crop Consultants, Inc. Objectives Understand the Nitrogen Cycle Crop Uptake Needs and Timing Pros and Cons of Nitrogen
More informationNitrogen Fertilizer Technology Evaluations and Nitrogen. Richard Smith UC Cooperative Extension, Monterey County
Nitrogen Fertilizer Technology Evaluations and Nitrogen Uptake by Vegetables Richard Smith UC Cooperative Extension, Monterey County The Nitrate Dilemma Nitrate is just one of the sources of nitrogen used
More informationACHIEVE MORE FROM NITROGEN FERTILISERS WITH ENTEC
ACHIEVE MORE FROM NITROGEN FERTILISERS WITH ENTEC ENTEC fertilisers help limit expensive nitrogen losses and help your crops to use nitrogen more efficiently. ENTEC helps protect against nitrogen losses
More informationCycles in Nature Standard 1 Objective 2:
Cycles in Nature Standard 1 Objective 2: Explain relationships between matter cycles and Energy a) use diagrams to trace the movement of matter through a cycle b) Explain how water is a limiting factor
More informationNutrients elements required for the development, maintenance, and reproduction of organisms.
Nutrient Cycles Energy flows through ecosystems (one way trip). Unlike energy, however, nutrients (P, N, C, K, S ) cycle within ecosystems. Nutrients are important in controlling NPP in ecosystems. Bottom-up
More informationNITROGEN CYCLE. Big Question. Dr. B. K. Bindhani Assistant Professor KIIT School of Biotechnology KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, Indi.
ITROGE CYCLE Big Question Why Are Biogeochemical Cycles Essential to Long-Term Life on Earth? Dr. B. K. Bindhani Assistant Professor KIIT School of Biotechnology KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, Indi.a
More informationComparative Analysis of Enhanced Nitrogen. Fertilizers on Canola
Comparative Analysis of Enhanced Nitrogen Fertilizers on Canola Janelle MacDonald A thesis submitted to the Department of Plant Sciences In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for an Undergraduate
More informationEuroChem Agro GmbH. Introduction in EEF technologies and economical evaluation. Who pays for it? Dr. Thomas Mannheim, Head of Global R&D EuroChem
EuroChem Agro GmbH Introduction in EEF technologies and economical evaluation. Who pays for it? Primeras Jornadas técnicas RED SIRENA 'Efecto en la NUE y emisiones gaseosas de los inhibidores de la nitrificación'.
More informationNitrates are essential for plant growth
THE NITROGEN CYCLE Nitrates are essential for plant growth Plant protein Root uptake Nitrate NO 3 Nitrates are recycled via microbes Animal protein Soil organic nitrogen Ammonification Ammonium NH 4 +
More informationNutrient Management for Hay Production and Quality
Nutrient Management for Hay Production and Quality by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist clainj@montana.edu; 406 994-6076 http://landresources.montana.edu/soilfertility Sweet Grass County
More informationIowa Senate Natural Resources Committee February 3, 2015
Iowa Senate Natural Resources Committee February 3, 2015 Dr. Matthew Helmers Dean s Professor, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences Professor, Department of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering mhelmers@iastate.edu,
More informationManaging Soils for Improved Pasture
Managing Soils for Improved Pasture Jonathan Deenik, PhD Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences University of Hawaii Rota Grazing and Livestock Management Workshop June 10-12, 12, 2010 1 Water
More informationAvailability of Nutrients in Manure Jeff Schoenau Department of Soil Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
Availability of Nutrients in Manure Jeff Schoenau Department of Soil Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada Role of Manure Manures, composts have been used to sustain soil fertility and
More informationPlant Nutrients (1): Nitrogen and Sulfur
Plant Nutrients (1): Nitrogen and Sulfur Main Objectives Capable of asking a systematic set of questions about all relevant nutrients, and providing a basic answer to each questions. Comprehend the global
More informationUrea Volatilization and Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers for Small Grains Crop Pest Management School January 6, 2011
Urea Volatilization and Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers for Small Grains Crop Pest Management School January 6, 2011 by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist and Kathrin Olson-Rutz,
More informationNew Crop Nutrition Technologies Nitrogen case. J. David Hernandez Arysta LifeScience Orlando, December 5, 2012
New Crop Nutrition Technologies Nitrogen case J. David Hernandez Arysta LifeScience Orlando, December 5, 2012 Outline Remarks Plant nutrients and emerging technologies Nitrogen case Future needs Introduction
More informationBIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION (BNI) -POTENTIAL FOR REDUCING NITRIFICATION AND N 2O EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. Guntur V.
Session 1 BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION (BNI) -POTENTIAL FOR REDUCING NITRIFICATION AND N 2O EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS Guntur V. Subbarao Japan International Research Center for Agricultural
More informationTHE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL NITROUS OXIDE RESEARCH PROGRAM (NANORP)
NOT TO BE CITED WITHOUT PERMISSION THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL NITROUS OXIDE RESEARCH PROGRAM (NANORP) FINAL SUMMARY (PHASE 1) PETER GRACE CANBERRA 14 JULY 2015 THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY
More informationUnderstanding Soil Acidity. D M Crawford
Understanding Soil Acidity D M Crawford Overview SESSION 1 Does ph really matter? Few soils have toxic concentrations of H + Soil ph itself, is seldom a problem Why soil ph is important In acidic soil:
More informationG Fertilizing Winter Wheat I: Nitrogen, Potassium, and Micronutrients
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln G02-1460 Fertilizing Winter Wheat I: Nitrogen, Potassium, and Micronutrients Jurg M. Blumenthal Donald H. Sander Nebraska
More informationEvaluation of Fertilizer Additives for Enhanced Nitrogen Efficiency in Corn. Final Project Report (2013 and 2014)
Evaluation of Fertilizer Additives for Enhanced Nitrogen Efficiency in Corn Final Project Report (2013 and 2014) Daniel Barker, John Sawyer, and Mike Castellano Assistant Scientist, Professor, and Assistant
More informationNutrient Management of Forages and Legumes Crop Pest Management School Bozeman, January 6, 2010
Nutrient Management of Forages and Legumes Crop Pest Management School Bozeman, January 6, 2010 by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist and Kathrin Olson-Rutz research associate clainj@montana.edu;
More informationBIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES: The RECYCLING of MATERIALS through living organisms and the physical environment.
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES: The RECYCLING of MATERIALS through living organisms and the physical environment. BIOCHEMIST: Scientists who study how LIFE WORKS at a CHEMICAL level. The work of biochemists has
More informationCh. 5 - Nutrient Cycles and Soils
Ch. 5 - Nutrient Cycles and Soils What are Nutrient (biogeochemical) Cycles? a process by which nutrients are recycled between living organisms and nonliving environment. The three general types of nutrient
More informationEvaluation of ESN Fertilizer in Southcentral Montana
Evaluation of ESN Fertilizer in Southcentral Montana 2012-13 Results Kent A McVay Southern Agricultural Research Center Montana State University Why Enhance N Fertilizers? Worldwide fertilizer N use efficiency
More informationSoil Nutrient Management: Testing, Sources, and Foliar Application Soils Workshops for Hill, Blaine and Phillips Counties Feb.
Soil Nutrient Management: Testing, Sources, and Foliar Application Soils Workshops for Hill, Blaine and Phillips Counties Feb. 27 and 28, 2014 by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist clainj@montana.edu;
More informationSplit Application- North Dakota Perspective. Dave Franzen, PhD Professor Soil Science Extension Soil Specialist, NDSU, Fargo
Split Application- North Dakota Perspective Dave Franzen, PhD Professor Soil Science Extension Soil Specialist, NDSU, Fargo Nitrogen Fantasy Land- -Apply N fertilizer any way at any time -Yield increases
More informationNitrogen Management on Sandy Soils: Review of BMPs. Carl Rosen Department of Soil Water and Climate University of Minnesota
Nitrogen Management on Sandy Soils: Review of BMPs Carl Rosen Department of Soil Water and Climate University of Minnesota Central MN Irrigation Workshop Thumper Pond, Ottertail, MN February 25, 2014 Topics
More informationNITROGEN FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT OF TEMPORARILY FLOODED SOILS TO IMPROVE CORN PRODUCTION AND REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL N LOSS
NITROGEN FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT OF TEMPORARILY FLOODED SOILS TO IMPROVE CORN PRODUCTION AND REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL N LOSS Brendan Zurweller Graduate Research Assistant Kelly Nelson Research Agronomist Peter
More informationImproving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Sugarcane with Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers
Bringing Earth s Resources to Life Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Sugarcane with Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers Terry A. Tindall Ph.D. J.R. Simplot Company AgriBusiness i ss Bringing Earth s Resources
More informationPantelopoulos A., Magid J., Jensen L.S. Faculty of Science Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen
Pantelopoulos A., Magid J., Jensen L.S. Faculty of Science Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Funded by the European Union Background The digestate solids Dry matter
More informationwater, leaching Protecting controlling PURE NUTRIENT FACTS #2
PURE NUTRIENT FACTS #2 Nitrate leaching Protecting water, controlling leaching REDUCING NITROGEN LOSSES Wherever there are fertile soils, there is also some leaching. Leaching is not a new problem. While
More informationWARM UP. What can make up a population?
WARM UP What can make up a population? 1 ECOSYSTEMS: Cycles www.swpc.noaa.gov/ 2 Biochemical Cycling Cycling of nutrients called biogeochemical cycling Move nutrients from nonliving world to living organisms
More informationDoes Organic Matter Really Matter? Jodi DeJong-Hughes Regional Extension Educator, Willmar x 2006
Does Organic Matter Really Matter? Jodi DeJong-Hughes Regional Extension Educator, Willmar 320-235-0726 x 2006 dejon003@umn.edu Soil health affects the resiliency of the soil or the ability of a soil to
More information3.4 Cycles of Matter. Recycling in the Biosphere. Lesson Objectives. Lesson Summary
3.4 Cycles of Matter Lesson Objectives Describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Describe how water cycles through the biosphere. Explain why nutrients are important
More informationCentral Region Ag Agent Update Choteau, April 4, 2017
Fertilizer Management in a Down Market Central Region Ag Agent Update Choteau, April 4, 2017 Clain Jones clainj@montana.edu 994-6076 MSU Soil Fertility Extension Primary objective today: Assist you in
More informationThe Nitrogen Cycle. Rachel Brewer Kaci Kelley-Brown Jennifer Moats Dolleen Wiltgen
The itrogen Cycle By: Rachel Brewer Kaci Kelley-Brown Jennifer Moats Dolleen Wiltgen What is nitrogen? Periodic Table itrogen is in the onmetals Group Where is nitrogen found in the environment? The largest
More information2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems. Review How energy flows What is the difference between a food chain, food web, and food pyramid?
2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems Review How energy flows What is the difference between a food chain, food web, and food pyramid? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhr1iebeops https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=alusi_6ol8m
More information1/2/2015. Is the size of a population that can be supported indefinitely by the resources of a given ecosystem
Review Video Is the size of a population that can be supported indefinitely by the resources of a given ecosystem Beyond this carrying capacity, no additional individuals of a population can be supported
More informationThe Biosphere and Biogeochemical Cycles
The Biosphere and Biogeochemical Cycles The Earth consists of 4 overlapping layers: Lithosphere Hydrosphere (and cryosphere) Atmosphere Biosphere The Biosphere The biosphere is the layer of life around
More informationNitrapyrin with nitrogen can improve yield or quality of wheat, grass pasture, canola or sugarcane in Australia
Nitrapyrin with nitrogen can improve yield or quality of wheat, grass pasture, canola or sugarcane in Australia G. S. Wells 1 1 Dow AgroSciences Australia Ltd, PO Box 838, Sunbury, Victoria, 3429, www.dowagro.com/en-au/australia,
More informationImportance of Phosphorus in Plant and Human Nutrition
Importance of Phosphorus in Plant and Human Nutrition The Role of Fertilizer in Global Food Security and World Phosphate Reserves and Resources Report Release Terry Roberts, PhD President, IPNI Wednesday,
More informationCycles of Ma,er. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 3.4 Cycles of Matter
Lesson Overview Cycles of Ma,er Lesson Overview 3.4 Cycles of Matter THINK ABOUT IT A handful of elements combine to form the building blocks of all known organisms. Organisms cannot manufacture these
More informationResidue and Nutrient Management Under Reduced Tillage Systems
Residue and Nutrient Management Under Reduced Tillage Systems Warren A. Dick* and Dean A. Martens *The Ohio State University dick.5@osu.edu OUTLINE 1. Introduction A.Historic Uses and Management of Residues
More informationWasted. fertilizer. is wasted. money. Make the most of your fertilizer investment with AVAIL and NutriSphere-N
Wasted fertilizer is wasted money Make the most of your fertilizer investment with AVAIL and NutriSphere-N Take phosphorus fertilizer efficiency further. With AVAIL Phosphorus Fertilizer Enhancer. You
More informationBest Management Practices for Nitrogen Use in SOUTHWESTERN AND WEST-CENTRAL MINNESOTA
N Best Management Practices for Nitrogen Use in SOUTHWESTERN AND WEST-CENTRAL MINNESOTA B E S T M A N AG E M E N T P R AC T I C E S F O R N I T R O G E N A P P L I C AT I O N Best Management Practices
More informationNitrogen & Bacteria. A biological journey through the environment
Nitrogen & Bacteria A biological journey through the environment Sources of Nitrogen to the Environment Agricultural Natural Industrial Transportation Nitrogen as a pollutant Too much Nitrogen can cause
More informationOverview of the Principles of Nitrogen Management and Sources on Crop Production. Dave Franzen, Ph.D. NDSU Extension Soil Specialist
Overview of the Principles of Nitrogen Management and Sources on Crop Production Dave Franzen, Ph.D. NDSU Extension Soil Specialist More Nitrogen is used in regional crops than any other nutrient Microbial
More informationFERTILIZATION OF FORAGES. Wheatland County May 19, Clain Jones
FERTILIZATION OF FORAGES Wheatland County May 19, 2015 Clain Jones clainj@montana.edu 994-6076 Some questions for you Who raises grass hay? Who raises alfalfa hay? Who has pasture? Who grows annual forages
More informationWHY DO WE NEED NITROGEN?? Nitrogen is needed to make up DNA and protein!
Nitrogen Cycle 2.2 WHY DO WE NEED NITROGEN?? Nitrogen is needed to make up DNA and protein! In animals, proteins are vital for muscle function. In plants, nitrogen is important for growth. NITROGEN Nitrogen
More informationHuman perturbations to the global Nitrogen cycle
Human perturbations to the global Nitrogen cycle Lecture for Biogeochemistry and Global Change Edzo Veldkamp The pace of human caused global change has increased in modern history, but none so rapidly
More informationENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Fall Semester 2011
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Fall Semester 2011 Instructor: Office: Office Hours: Course Text: Grading: Dr. George F. Vance 1007 Agricultural Hall, 766-2297, gfv@uwyo.edu Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday 12:15-1:30,
More informationThe Role of Agriculture and Forestry In Emerging Carbon Markets
The Role of Agriculture and Forestry In Emerging Carbon Markets David W. Wolfe Dept. of Horticulture; dww5@cornell.edu ; Websites: http://www.hort.cornell.edu/wolfe hort edu/wolfe http://www.climateandfarming.org
More informationBIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES INTRODUCTION THE CYCLING PROCESS TWO CYCLES: CARBON CYCLE NITROGEN CYCLE HUMAN IMPACTS GLOBAL WARMING AQUATIC EUTROPHICATION
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES INTRODUCTION THE CYCLING PROCESS TWO CYCLES: CARBON CYCLE NITROGEN CYCLE HUMAN IMPACTS GLOBAL WARMING AQUATIC EUTROPHICATION BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES: The RECYCLING of MATERIALS through
More informationGeneral Information on Nitrogen
General Information on Nitrogen What is nitrogen? Nitrogen was discovered in 1772 by Daniel Rutherford in Scotland Nitrogen gas makes up nearly 80% of the air we breathe Nitrogen gas is not toxic Nitrogen
More informationProtecting Your Water and Air Resources
Protecting Your Water and Air Resources Montana Agri-Business Association Convention (Feb 1, 2013) by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist and Adam Sigler, Extension Associate Water Quality
More informationSecurity with nitrogen and sulfur!
TAINABI S U Unerri TY LI S Security with nitrogen and sulfur! ngly Quality Yi e l d liquid-s NITROGEN STABILISED The all-rounder The future of fertilisation. Security with nitrogen and sulfur. The unique
More information1. Where are nutrients accumulated or stored for short or long periods?
Use with textbook pages 68 87. Nutrient cycles Answer the questions below. Comprehension 1. Where are nutrients accumulated or stored for short or long periods? 2. Name a biotic process and an abiotic
More informationFACT SHEET. Understanding Soil Microbes and Nutrient Recycling. Agriculture and Natural Resources SAG-16-10
FACT SHEET Agriculture and Natural Resources Understanding Soil Microbes and Nutrient Recycling James J. Hoorman Cover Crops and Water Quality Extension Educator Ohio State University Extension Rafiq Islam
More informationStudies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 23-32, 2006 Studies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production M. Shamsul Haque and M. Naimul Haque Institute of Fuel Research & Development, BCSIR, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
More informationIntroduction. Wetland System. A Wetland Scene at Lorne C. Henderson Conservation Area near Petrolia
Wetland Treatment of Wastewater This monograph, one in a series of single issue documents that deal with our local environment, has been prepared by the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association in co-operation
More informationChapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. Tuesday, September 19, 17
Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology Reversing Deforestation in Haiti Answers the following: Why is deforestation in Haiti so common? What the negative impacts of deforestation? Name three actions intended counteract
More informationNitrogen dynamics of standard and enhanced urea in corn
Nitrogen dynamics of standard and enhanced urea in corn James H. Houx III and Felix B. Fritschi INTRODUCTION: Concerns about illegal uses of anhydrous ammonia and ammonium nitrate may make urea a preferred
More informationTransport & Transformation of chemicals in an ecosystem, involving numerous interrelated physical, chemical, & biological processes
OPEN Wetland Ecology Lectures 14-15-16 Wetland Biogeochemistry What is biogeochemical cycling? Transport & Transformation of chemicals in an ecosystem, involving numerous interrelated physical, chemical,
More informationGRDC Crop Nutrition Technical Workshop
GRDC Crop Nutrition Technical Workshop Rob Norton Adelaide, 30+31 August. Ballarat, 03+04 September. Wagga Wagga, 10+11 September Best Management Practices (BMPs) Definition - Research proven practices
More informationThe Carbon Cycle. Goal Use this page to review the carbon cycle. CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-19 DATE: NAME: CLASS:
CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-19 The Carbon Cycle Goal Use this page to review the carbon cycle. CHAPTER 2 BLM 1-20 The Carbon Cycle Concept Map Goal Use this page to make a concept map about the carbon cycle. What
More informationARE ALL fertilizers the same? Of
Fertilizer Formulations ARE ALL fertilizers the same? Of course not, but how do they differ? Knowing the types of fertilizers available is important to producers for economic and environmental reasons.
More informationFar West Idaho Conference Twin Falls 2015 V. Paul Hobson, Land View Inc.
Far West Idaho Conference Twin Falls 2015 V. Paul Hobson, Land View Inc. Potato Nutrient Uptake U of I, OSU, Bryan Hopkins(BYU), Stukenholtz, and Western Lab In Particular: The late: DONALD HORNECK, Ph.D.
More informationAmmonia Removal and ph Adjustment in Aerated Lagoons
Ammonia Removal and ph Adjustment in Aerated Lagoons WWOA 45 th Annual Conference Thursday, October 6 th, 2011, 8:50 AM Presented by: Jeremiah Wendt, PE SEH Overview Ammonia Background Chemistry Toxicity
More informationNumber 209 September 11, 2009
Number 209 September 11, 2009 1. Preplant and planting time fertilizer decisions for wheat 1 2. Adjusting wheat seeding rates for unfavorable conditions 3 3. The importance of fall tillers in wheat yields
More informationNitrate-N Loss Reduction: Scale of In- Field and Edge-of-Field Practice Implementation to Reach Water Quality Goals
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Nitrate-N Loss Reduction: Scale of In- Field and Edge-of-Field Practice Implementation to Reach Water Quality Goals Matthew Helmers Dean s Professor,
More informationNitrogen Management in Direct Seeding Operations
Nitrogen Management in Direct Seeding Operations Golden Triangle January 3-4, 2011 by Clain Jones, Extension Soil Fertility Specialist and Kathrin Olson-Rutz, Research Associate clainj@montana.edu; 994-6076
More informationUnit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling
Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling Systems in the Environment are not Independent of one Another Central Case Study: The Vanishing Oysters of the Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake
More informationLessons Learned from Iowa On-Farm Studies Testing Manure Nitrogen Availability
Lessons Learned from Iowa On-Farm Studies Testing Manure Nitrogen Availability Heartland Animal Manure Management Workshop Peter Kyveryga, PhD Operations Manager-Analytics Iowa Soybean Association April
More informationSULFUR AND NITROGEN FOR PROTEIN BUILDING
Juliet Marshall March 3, 2011 Fertilizer Strategies: SULFUR AND NITROGEN FOR PROTEIN BUILDING Direct Seeding in Eastern Idaho Inadequate amounts and poor timeliness of rainfall events 2 1991 1993 1995
More informationNitrogen Management Products. John E. Sawyer Professor Soil Fertility Extension Specialist Department of Agronomy
Nitrogen Management Products John E. Sawyer Professor Soil Fertility Extension Specialist Department of Agronomy Data Source, IDALS Natural Gas Ammonia Synthesis Source of energy Source of H 2 CH 4 + H
More informationMICROBES IN ECOLOGY INTRODUCTION
MICROBES IN ECOLOGY INTRODUCTION - Microbes usually live in communities and rarely as individuals They are Present in every known ecosystem Over 99% of microbes contribute to the quality of human life
More informationDenitrification, nitrous oxide emissions and the EPA. Amitava Chatterjee Soil Science, NDSU
Denitrification, nitrous oxide emissions and the EPA Amitava Chatterjee Soil Science, NDSU Greenhouse effect Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) & climate change Stratosphere N 2 O > NO X > Ozone effect N 2 O +infrared
More informationFor nmental. of 10. Written By: Agustin o, Professor. Developed in. and justice for all. Department of. funded by activities. )
Site-Specificc Nutrient Management For Nutrient Management Planning To Improve Crop Production, Environ nmental Quality, and Economic Return Sulfur: Chapter 5 of 10 Written By: Agustin Pagani,, Post-Doctoral
More information2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems Name: Date: (Reference: BC Science 10 pp. 68 to 91) Block: NUTRIENT CYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE. nutrients: aka.
2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems Name: Date: (Reference: BC Science 10 pp. 68 to 91) Block: NUTRIENT CYCLING IN THE BIOSPHERE nutrients: stores: aka Nutrients are accumulated for short or long periods
More informationBest Management Practices for Nitrogen Use in SOUTH-CENTRAL MINNESOTA
N Best Management Practices for Nitrogen Use in SOUTH-CENTRAL MINNESOTA B E S T M A N AG E M E N T P R AC T I C E S F O R N I T R O G E N A P P L I C AT I O N Best Management Practices for Nitrogen Use
More informationRemoval of High C and N Contents in Synthetic Wastewater Using Internal Circulation of Anaerobic and Anoxic/Oxic Activated Sludge Processes
Removal of High C and N Contents in Synthetic Wastewater Using Internal Circulation of Anaerobic and Anoxic/Oxic Activated Sludge Processes Nittaya Boontian School of Environmental Engineering, Institute
More informationIntroduction. Objective: Livestock operations Current trend is towards large confined operations
2 Introduction Optimizing feed and manure management to reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock manure storage and composting Xiying Hao 1, Tim A. McAllister 1, Kim Stanford 2 1 Agriculture
More informationThe Biology of Composting
The Biology of Composting Mark King, Sustainability Division mark.a.king@maine.gov MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Protecting Maine s Air, Land and Water Systems Covered First We ll Discuss
More information2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems
2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems CARBON CYCLE A. Carbon Facts: Carbon is found in all living matter. Places that carbon is found are called stores or sinks Short-term Stores Long-term Stores - living
More informationCLIMATE CHANGE, HUMAN SYSTEMS, AND POLICY Vol. II - Nitrous Oxide Emission Reduction and Agriculture - A.R. Mosier, J.R. Freney
NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION REDUCTION AND AGRICULTURE A.R. Mosier United States Department of Agriculture, Colorado, USA. J.R. Freney CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia Keywords: Assessment, biomass
More informationHow Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles
How Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles Bubble in your ID and the answer to the 25 questions. You can look up the answers to these question on line. 1. The flow of solar energy through an
More informationWhat is Ecology? The study of the interactions between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their environment.
Chapter 18 What is Ecology? The study of the interactions between organisms and the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of their environment. What is Biodiversity? Biodiversity is the sum
More informationAssessing strategies for efficient and effective nutrient management
Assessing strategies for efficient and effective nutrient management Robert Norton, Regional Director, International Plant Nutrition Institute, Australia and New Zealand; rnorton@ipni.net http://anz.ipni.net
More informationSOIL ACIDIFICATION. Clain Jones ) Rick Engel )
SOIL ACIDIFICATION CAUSES and CONCERNS Montana Association of Conservation Districts Convention November 14, 2017 Clain Jones (clainj@montana.edu, 994-6076) Rick Engel (rengel@montana.edu, 994-5295) Montana
More informationThe Continuing Challenge of Agricultural Nitrogen Loss to the Environment in the Context of Global Change and Advancing Research
The Continuing Challenge of Agricultural Nitrogen Loss to the Environment in the Context of Global Change and Advancing Research Christine H. Stark 1 * and Karl G. Richards 2 1 Department of Environmental
More information7.014 Lecture 20: Biogeochemical Cycles April 1, 2007
Global Nutrient Cycling - Biogeochemical Cycles 7.14 Lecture 2: Biogeochemical Cycles April 1, 27 Uptake Bioelements in Solution Weathering Precipitation Terrestrial Biomass Decomposition Volatile Elements
More informationNITROGEN BALANCES IN HIGH RAINFALL, TEMPERATE DAIRY PASTURES OF SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA. Abstract
ID # 04-06 NITROGEN BALANCES IN HIGH RAINFALL, TEMPERATE DAIRY PASTURES OF SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA R.J. Eckard 1, 2, D.F. Chapman 1, R.E. White 1, A. Smith 1, D. Chen 1 and P.A. Durling 2 1 ILFR, The University
More informationWetland Phosphorus Cycle
Diffusion Sedimentation Diffusion allows dissolved forms of Phosphorus to be transferred from the incoming surface water into the soil and back again on occasion. A concentration gradient is what allows
More informationCycles of Matter. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Cycles of Matter 1 of 33 The purpose of this lesson is to learn the water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. This PowerPoint will provide most of the required information you need to accomplish
More information3 3 Cycles of Matter. EOC Review
EOC Review A freshwater plant is placed in a salt marsh. Predict the direction in which water will move across the plant s cell wall, and the effect of that movement on the plant. a. Water would move out
More information