PHILIPUS PANGLOLI, FELIX JACKSON, HAROLD A. RICHARDS, JOHN R. MOUNT and F. ANN DRAUGHON 1

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "PHILIPUS PANGLOLI, FELIX JACKSON, HAROLD A. RICHARDS, JOHN R. MOUNT and F. ANN DRAUGHON 1"

Transcription

1 COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL PLATING AND SIMPLATE METHODS FOR ENUMERATION OF AEROBIC MICROORGANISMS, COLIFORM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI IN FARM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES PHILIPUS PANGLOLI, FELIX JACKSON, HAROLD A. RICHARDS, JOHN R. MOUNT and F. ANN DRAUGHON 1 Food Safety Center of Excellence Agricultural Experimental Station The University of Tennessee 2605 River Drive, Knoxville, TN Accepted for Publication February 24, 2006 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare conventional plating to Sim- Plate methods for enumeration of aerobic microorganisms, coliforms and Escherichia coli in samples from farm animals and their environment. Samples evaluated included rectal swabs, fecal material, bedding, litter and feed and soil from beef and dairy cattle, swine and poultry farms. Standard method agar pour plating and conventional violet red bile agar with 4-methylumbelliferyl b-d-glucuronide were compared to the SimPlate total plate count-color indicator method for aerobic counts and the SimPlate coliform and E. coli color indicator method for total coliforms and E. coli counts, respectively. Overall, the SimPlate methods produced counts that were not significantly different (P 0.05) from those of the conventional methods. Population counts from the SimPlate methods were highly correlated with colony-forming unit counts from the conventional methods with r = 0.90, 0.94 and 0.94 for aerobic counts, total coliforms and E. coli, respectively. Thus, the data from this study indicate that SimPlate methods are comparable and reliable for enumeration of aerobic microorganisms, coliforms and E. coli in environmental farm samples. INTRODUCTION Aerobic microorganisms, coliforms and Escherichia coli are important indicators of sample quality and are frequently used in food science and dairy laboratories. Applications include monitoring fecal contamination in water, 1 Corresponding author. TEL: ; FAX: ; draughon@utk.edu Journal of Rapid Methods & Automation in Microbiology 14 (2006) All Rights Reserved , The Author(s) Journal compilation 2006, Blackwell Publishing

2 RAPID METHODS FOR INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS 259 sanitary conditions in food processing plants and adequacy of heat application in food pasteurization processes (Morton 2001; Feng et al. 2002). High counts of fecal indicator bacteria may also be associated with the presence of pathogens (Kornacki and Johnson 2001); therefore, convenient methods for detection and enumeration are desirable. One such method, SimPlate, has distinct advantages over conventional plating methodologies. The SimPlate methods require less media preparation and eliminate uncertain counts caused by overcrowding, spreading colonies and interference of particulate matter on plating methods (Feldsine et al. 2003). Detection and enumeration of microorganisms by the SimPlate methods rely on a binary detection technology. Visible color changes occur as a result of bacterial enzyme interaction with substrates present in the culture medium (Townsend and Naqui 1998; Feldsine et al. 2003). These biochemical reactions allow for more sensitive enumeration because fewer microorganisms are required to cause the indicator color change than are needed to form a visible colony on agar plates. The SimPlate total plate count-color indicator (TPC-CI) is designed for enumeration of aerobic bacterial population in foods and has been approved by the Research Institute of the Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC), Method (Feldsine et al. 2003). The SimPlate coliform and E. coli color indicator (CEc-CI) method is used for detection and quantification of coliforms and E. coli populations in foods. Several studies have indicated that the SimPlate CEc-CI method is comparable to other methods, and is a suitable alternative for detection and enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in foods (Townsend et al. 1998; Russel 2000; Lee and Lewis 2003). The SimPlate CEc-CI method has recently been approved by the Research Institute of the AOAC, Method (Feldsine et al. 2005). Nevertheless, information on the efficacy of the SimPlate methods for use in environmental farm samples is limited. The objective of this study was to compare the SimPlate TPC-CI with the standard method agar (SMA) pour-plating methods for enumeration of aerobic microorganisms, and the SimPlate CEc-CI with the violet red bile agar containing 4-methylumbelliferyl b-d-glucuronide (VRB-MUG) plating methods for detection and quantification of coliforms and E. coli in various animal and environmental samples. The data collected for this study will suggest whether or not these methods are appropriate for use with environmental samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample Collection and Preparation Samples evaluated included rectal swabs, animal feeds, soil, bedding and litter and feces from beef cattle, dairy, poultry and swine farms. Feed samples

3 260 P. PANGLOLI ET AL. included grass, total mixed ration (TMR), fresh feed (sampled prior to feeding) and trough feed (sampled from remains in the trough or feeder). Soils were sampled from grazing pasture on beef cattle farms and from around barns on dairy, poultry and swine farms. Bedding samples, a mixture of various materials, were collected from areas where animals usually rested on beef farms or from dairy barns. Duplicate samples were collected, transported overnight to the laboratory and stored at refrigerated temperature (4C) until analyzed. Swab samples were collected from four animals, stored and transported individually in Cary Blair agar culture swabs (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD). All samples were naturally contaminated. Test samples (25 g) and swabs were diluted in 0.1% peptone water to prepare 10-fold serial dilutions. Each of the experiments was conducted in triplicate. Enumeration of Aerobic Microorganisms Conventional SMA pour plating was used to enumerate aerobic microorganisms (Swanson et al. 2001). An aliquot (1.0 ml) of the dilution for each sample was plated, mixed with tempered SMA medium and incubated at 35C for 24 h. A 24-h incubation period was used as environmental farm samples often resulted in overcrowded plates after 48-h incubation because of spreaders. Results are reported as aerobic plate count (APC) or colony-forming unit per gram of sample or per swab. Enumeration of aerobic microorganisms with the SimPlate TPC-CI multiple test medium (BioControl System, Bellevue, WA) method was performed according to the manufacturer s instructions and procedures of Feldsine et al. (2003). Sterile water for rehydrating the SimPlate TPC-CI medium contained 1 ml of supplement A per 100 ml. After incubation at 35C for 24 h, the wells showing a color change from the background color were counted as positive wells. The total number of microorganisms per sample was determined by correlating the total number of positive wells with the corresponding microbial population in the SimPlate conversion table and by multiplying the count by the appropriate dilution factor. Enumeration of Coliforms and E. coli Coliforms and E. coli were identified and quantified using conventional pour plating on VRB-MUG (Difco, Sparks, MD) plates according to procedures of Kornacki and Johnson (2001). The plates were incubated at 35C for 24 h prior to counting coliforms (purple-red colonies) and E. coli (fluorescent colonies under long-wave UV light). Enumeration of coliforms and E. coli using the SimPlate CEc-CI method with multiple test medium (BioControl System) was performed according to the manufacturer s instructions and procedures of Feldsine et al. (2005). The total number of positive wells for

4 RAPID METHODS FOR INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS 261 coliforms was counted on the basis of color change. Wells were counted positive for E. coli on the basis of color change and fluorescence under UV light. The coliform and E. coli populations were determined on the basis of the number of positive wells correlated with the SimPlate conversion table, which generated a most probable number (MPN) per gram of sample or per swab. Statistical Analysis Data were subjected to analysis of variance with a completely randomized block design with nested treatment arrangement, blocked on replication. Samples were nested in the farm as the samples collected from each farm category were different. The data were analyzed with SAS mixed procedures using SAS software release 9.0 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Significant differences among means were determined by the least square means method with the P value differences option. Correlation coefficients were generated using Microsoft Office Excel version 2000 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Generally, the total APC was higher for a given sample in the SimPlate TPC-CI method compared with the conventional SMA method (Table 1). However, this difference was only significant (P 0.05) in two specific types of sample. The APCs of trough TMR and bedding samples from dairy farms were orders of magnitude higher or lower using the SimPlate method. Data obtained in this study with farm and environmental samples are comparable to previous research comparing SimPlate TPC-CI to SMA plating counting in foods (Beuchat et al. 1998; Feldsine et al. 2003). The SimPlate CEc-CI method tended to produce higher coliform and E. coli counts for the collected samples than estimates derived from conventional VRB-MUG plating (Table 2). In general, these differences were not significant (P 0.05); however, the SimPlate method produced significantly higher (P 0.05) estimates of either coliform or E. coli counts for five specific sample types. Rectal swabs from beef cattle resulted in higher counts of both coliforms and E. coli when comparing the methodologies, perhaps indicating that Sim- Plate CEc-CI is more sensitive for this sample type. Bedding materials from dairy farms had significantly higher coliform counts and soil from beef cattle farms had significantly higher E. coli counts when using SimPlate estimates. This may be due to the variety of dairy bedding materials used across the U.S.A., and caution is recommended if SimPlate is being used for dairy bedding or TMR samples. An unexpected result was obtained from analysis of grass clippings

5 262 P. PANGLOLI ET AL. TABLE 1. COMPARISON OF THE STANDARD METHOD AGAR (SMA) AND THE SimPlate TOTAL PLATE COUNT-COLOR INDICATOR METHOD FOR ENUMERATION OF AEROBIC MICROORGANISMS IN ANIMAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FARM SAMPLES (LOG cfu/g OR SWAB)* Farm/sample Aerobic plate count SE SMA SimPlate Beef cattle Swabs Grass Pasture soil Bedding Dairy Swabs Fresh TMR Trough TMR 5.3a 6.8b 0.7 Soil Bedding 8.0a 5.9b 0.6 Poultry Swabs Fresh feed Trough feed Soil Litter Swine Swabs Fresh feed Trough feed Soil Feces *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P 0.05). TMR, total mixed ration containing mainly silage and grains. collected from grazing pastures. For this sample type, and only in this sample, the conventional VRB-MUG method produced higher counts of E. coli than SimPlate, suggesting that grass clippings may complicate or inhibit the Sim- Plate methodology. Data obtained from this study are similar to previous research, which indicated that the SimPlate method consistently produced higher and more sensitive coliform and E. coli counts in food samples than VRB-MUG plating (Townsend et al. 1998; Lee and Lewis 2003). Using conventional plating methodology to enumerate aerobic microflora in environmental samples is problematic, because these samples tend to contain high levels of bacteria, fungi and large quantities of particulate matter.

6 RAPID METHODS FOR INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS 263 TABLE 2. COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL VIOLET RED BILE AGAR WITH 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL b-d-glucuronide (VRB-MUG) METHOD WITH THE SimPlate COLIFORM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI COLOR INDICATOR FOR ENUMERATION OF COLIFORMS AND E. COLI OF ANIMAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FARM SAMPLES (LOG POPULATIONS/g OR SWAB)* Farm/sample Coliform E. coli VRB-MUG SimPlate SE VRB-MUG SimPlate SE Beef cattle Swabs 8.0a 8.8b a 8.8b 0.6 Grass a 3.1b 0.6 Pasture soil a 3.7b 0.6 Bedding Dairy Swabs a 8.7b 0.6 Fresh TMR Trough TMR Soil Bedding 4.5a 6.8b Poultry Swabs Fresh feed Trough feed Soil Litter Swine Swabs Fresh feed Trough feed Soil Feces *Means within the same group of microorganism followed by different letters are significantly different (P 0.05). TMR, total mixed ration containing mainly silage and grains. These factors contribute to chronic undercounting because of difficulties in distinguishing single colonies on a plate. The SimPlate methodology offers an enticing alternative that may result in more accurate estimates. In this study, SimPlate produced consistently higher counts of aerobic microorganisms, coliforms and E. coli. This result is probably due to the fact that the SimPlate conversion table utilized the same mathematical principles as the 3- or 5-tube MPN method (Townsend and Naqui 1998). However, the SimPlate estimates are likely to be more accurate and more highly correlated to plate-counting estimates because the design of the plate incorporates a much larger sample set, 84 or 198 test wells per plate. In fact, the data presented here indicate that

7 264 P. PANGLOLI ET AL. the SimPlate methods are highly correlated to the conventional SMA and VRB-MUG methodologies, which is evidenced by relatively high coefficient correlations for estimates of aerobic microorganisms (0.90), coliforms (0.94) and E. coli (0.94). Therefore, the SimPlate methods are accurate and reliable tools for estimating coliforms and aerobic microflora from environmental samples with the exceptions noted. Note that SimPlate is an MPN-based method with all the advantages and disadvantages common to MPN methodologies. However, the ease of use and reliability of SimPlate should make it a desirable tool for environmental microbiology research. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Funding for this study was provided by the National Alliance for Food Safety and Security, the University of Tennessee Food Safety Center of Excellence and the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative. REFERENCES BEUCHAT, L.R., COPELAND, F., CURIALE, M.S., DANISAVICH, T., GANGAR, V., KING, B.W., LAWLIS, T.L., LIKIN, R.O., OKWUSOA, J., SMITH, C.F., ET AL Comparison of the SimPlate total plate count method with Petrifilm, and conventional pour-plate methods for enumerating aerobic microorganisms in foods. J. Food Prot. 61, FELDSINE, P.T., LEUNG, S.C., LIENAU, A.H., MUI, L.A. and TOWNSEND, D.E Enumeration of total aerobic microorganisms in foods by SimPlate total plate count-color indicator methods and conventional culture methods: Collaborative study. J. AOAC Int. 86, FELDSINE, P.T., LIENAU, A.H., ROA, N.H. and GREEN, S.T Enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in foods by the SimPlate coliform and E. coli color indicator method and conventional culture methods: Collaborative study. J. AOAC Int. 88, FENG, P., WEAGANT, S.D. and GRANT, M.A Enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria. In U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bacteriological analytical manual online. cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-4.html (accessed July 13, 2006). KORNACKI, J.L. and JOHNSON, J.L Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and Escherichia coli as quality and safety indicators. In Compendium Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 4th Ed. (F.P. Downes and K. Ito, eds.) pp , American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.

8 RAPID METHODS FOR INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS 265 LEE, Y.J. and LEWIS, N.A Evaluation of coliforms and Escherichia coli methods for testing raw materials and finished products of nutritional foods and supplements. Paper P058 presented at the International Association for Food Protection (IAFP) Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, August MORTON, R.D Aerobic plate count. In Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 4th Ed. (F.P. Downes and K. Ito, eds.) pp , American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. RUSSEL, S.M Comparison of the traditional three-tube most probable number method with the Petrifilm, SimPlate, BioSys Optical, and Bactometer conductance methods for enumerating Escherichia coli from chicken carcasses and ground beef. J. Food Prot. 63, SWANSON, K.M.J., PETRAN, R.L. and HANLIN, J.H Culture methods for enumeration of microorganisms. In Compendium of Methods For the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 4th Ed. (F.P. Downes and K. Ito, eds.) pp , American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. TOWNSEND, D.E. and NAQUI, A Comparison of SimPlate total plate count test with plate count agar method for detection and quantitation of bacteria in food. J. AOAC Int. 81, TOWNSEND, D.E., IRVING, R.L. and NAQUI, A Comparison of the SimPlate coliform and Escherichia coli test with Petrifilm, three-tube MPN, and VRBA + MUG methods for enumerating coliforms and E. coli. J. Food Prot. 61,

MICROBIOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HATCHERY: Laboratory Methods

MICROBIOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HATCHERY: Laboratory Methods Issue No.29 / March 2010 MICROBIOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN HATCHERY: Laboratory Methods By Dr Vincent TURBLIN, Deputy Regional Market Manager Poultry - CEVA Animal Health Asia Pacific Most

More information

Lab Exercise: Examining Water Quality: Most Probable Number & Colilert Test Kit Lab

Lab Exercise: Examining Water Quality: Most Probable Number & Colilert Test Kit Lab Lab Exercise: Examining Water Quality: Most Probable Number & Colilert Test Kit Lab OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the use of MPN to determine likely fecal water contamination. 2. Understand the use of MUG,

More information

DESTRUCTION OF SELECT HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN MUSHROOM COMPOST DURING PHASE II PASTEURIZATION

DESTRUCTION OF SELECT HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN MUSHROOM COMPOST DURING PHASE II PASTEURIZATION DESTRUCTION OF SELECT HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN MUSHROOM COMPOST DURING PHASE II PASTEURIZATION Jennifer D. Weil, Robert B. Beelman, and Luke F. LaBorde* Poster presented at the 2004 ISMS/NAMC conference

More information

SANIDATE 5.0 -BLUEBERRY STUDY

SANIDATE 5.0 -BLUEBERRY STUDY 22 Meadow Street East Hartford, CT 06108 Phone: 860.290.8890 Fax: 860.290.8802 Solutions@BioSafeSystems.com 1-877-358-1299 www.biosafesystems.com www.enviroselects.com SANIDATE 5.0 -BLUEBERRY STUDY PI:

More information

Section III Research Articles and Short Communications

Section III Research Articles and Short Communications 231 Section III Research Articles and Short Communications 230 233 Screening of Edible Fish Pathogens Deepali Patil Department of Environmental Science B. N. Bandodkar College of Science Abstract : A microbial

More information

IDEXX is an ISO certified facility. Gil Dichter World Wide Technical Support Manager

IDEXX is an ISO certified facility. Gil Dichter World Wide Technical Support Manager USEPA ATP Process for Approval of Colilert-18 and Quanti-Tray for the Detection of Fecal Coliforms in Waste Water; What is a Number: Comparison of MPN and CFU Gil Dichter World Wide Technical Support Manager

More information

Microbiological Standards for Reusable Plastic Containers within Produce Grower Facilities

Microbiological Standards for Reusable Plastic Containers within Produce Grower Facilities Microbiological Standards for Reusable Plastic Containers within Produce Facilities Aim To assess the microbiological standard of reusable plastic containers (RPC s) used in different fresh produce packing

More information

CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION

CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board/ACLASS 500 Montgomery Street, Suite 625, Alexandria, VA 22314, 877-344-3044 This is to certify that Molecular Epidemiology, Inc. (MEI)

More information

Rapid Aerobic Count. Interpretation Guide. 3M Food Safety 3M Petrifilm Rapid Aerobic Count Plate

Rapid Aerobic Count. Interpretation Guide. 3M Food Safety 3M Petrifilm Rapid Aerobic Count Plate 3M Food Safety 3M Petrifilm Rapid Aerobic Count Plate Rapid Aerobic Count Interpretation Guide The 3M Petrifilm Rapid Aerobic Count Plate is a sample-ready culture medium system which contains nutrients,

More information

RAC. Interpretation Guide. Rapid Aerobic Count Plate

RAC. Interpretation Guide. Rapid Aerobic Count Plate Interpretation Guide The 3M Petrifilm is a sample-ready-culture medium system which contains nutrients, a cold-water-soluble gelling agent and a dual-sensing indicator technology that facilitates aerobic

More information

Appendix I Laboratory Procedures

Appendix I Laboratory Procedures Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program 02/11/2010 Version 1 Appendix I Laboratory Procedures This Appendix provides CSSP laboratories with information on: analytical methods and quality assurance procedures

More information

Effect of Chemical Cleaning Agents and Commercial Sanitizers on ATP Bioluminescence Measurements

Effect of Chemical Cleaning Agents and Commercial Sanitizers on ATP Bioluminescence Measurements 86 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 62, No. 1, 1999, Pages 86 90 Copyright, International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians Research Note Effect of Chemical Cleaning Agents and Commercial

More information

Assessment of the Efficiency of Petrifim Method in Study of Bacteriological Quality of Some Homemade Dairy Products in Local Market of Basra

Assessment of the Efficiency of Petrifim Method in Study of Bacteriological Quality of Some Homemade Dairy Products in Local Market of Basra Assessment of the Efficiency of Petrifim Method in Study of Bacteriological Quality of Some Homemade Dairy Products in Local Market of Basra Nawfal A. Alhelfi Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture,

More information

Laboratory Procedure October 1999 HEALTH PROTECTION BRANCH OTTAWA ANALYSIS OF SPROUTS FOR COLIFORMS, ESCHERICHIA COLI, AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE..

Laboratory Procedure October 1999 HEALTH PROTECTION BRANCH OTTAWA ANALYSIS OF SPROUTS FOR COLIFORMS, ESCHERICHIA COLI, AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE.. Government of Canada Gouvernement du Canada Laboratory Procedure MFLP-64 October 1999 HEALTH PROTECTION BRANCH OTTAWA ANALYSIS OF SPROUTS FOR COLIFORMS, ESCHERICHIA COLI, AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE.. Don

More information

Report #3 Short-term temperature abuse of cooked but not shelf-stable meat and poultry products

Report #3 Short-term temperature abuse of cooked but not shelf-stable meat and poultry products Report #3 Short-term temperature abuse of cooked but not shelf-stable meat and poultry products Laboratory-Based Evidence Supporting Simple Critical Limits for Use with Cured Meat and Poultry Products

More information

Laboratory Procedure June 2003 HEALTH PRODUCTS AND FOOD BRANCH OTTAWA

Laboratory Procedure June 2003 HEALTH PRODUCTS AND FOOD BRANCH OTTAWA Government of Canada Gouvernement du Canada Laboratory Procedure MFLP-28 June 2003 HEALTH PRODUCTS AND FOOD BRANCH OTTAWA THE QUALICON BAX SYSTEM METHOD FOR THE DETECTION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN A

More information

Lab 2-Microbial Enumeration

Lab 2-Microbial Enumeration Lab 2-Microbial Enumeration 2/19/08 CE 573 Introduction There are many different techniques that can be utilized when trying to quantify microorganisms found in a given sample. The purpose of this lab

More information

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 COVANCE LABORATORIES INC. 55 East Hamblin Ave. Battle Creek, MI 49017 Hollis Cloninger Phone: 608 210-5501 BIOLOGICAL Valid to: August 31, 2019 Certificate

More information

Modified Colitag Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D ) August 28, 2009

Modified Colitag Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D ) August 28, 2009 Modified Colitag Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D05-0035) August 28, 2009 1 Rev 08/28/2009 Modified Colitag Test Detection of E. coli and

More information

EVALUATION OF THE HYGIENE STATUS IN SEVERAL MEAT AND DAIRY PROCESSING ESTABLISHMENTS IN R.MACEDONIA

EVALUATION OF THE HYGIENE STATUS IN SEVERAL MEAT AND DAIRY PROCESSING ESTABLISHMENTS IN R.MACEDONIA Available online at www.macvetrev.mk Mac Vet Rev ; 6 (): 5 Original Scientific Article UDC: 579.64:67.5(497.7) EVALUATION OF THE HYGIENE STATUS IN SEVERAL MEAT AND DAIRY PROCESSING ESTABLISHMENTS IN R.MACEDONIA

More information

Modified mtec Agar, Colilert, and M-FC Agar - Field Trial Comparison of Bacteria Enumeration Methods in Surface Waters of Eastern Wyoming

Modified mtec Agar, Colilert, and M-FC Agar - Field Trial Comparison of Bacteria Enumeration Methods in Surface Waters of Eastern Wyoming Modified mtec Agar, Colilert, and M-FC Agar - Field Trial Comparison of Bacteria Enumeration Methods in Surface Waters of Eastern Wyoming Eric Hargett and Lanny Goyn Wyoming Department of Environmental

More information

Analytical Service Code

Analytical Service Code Mycometrics, LLC. 9 Deer Park Dr. Suite K-18 Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852 Tel: 732-355-9018 Fax: 732-658-5185 Email: quest@mycometrics.com URL: www.mycometrics.com Analytical Service Code Microbial Identification

More information

Microbial quality of raw cow s milk collected from farmers and dairy cooperatives in Bahir Dar Zuria and Mecha district, Ethiopia

Microbial quality of raw cow s milk collected from farmers and dairy cooperatives in Bahir Dar Zuria and Mecha district, Ethiopia AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA ISSN Print: 2151-7517, ISSN Online: 2151-7525, doi:10.5251/abjna.2011.2.1.29.33 2010, ScienceHuβ, http://www.scihub.org/abjna Microbial quality of raw cow

More information

USP <1116> and Contamination

USP <1116> and Contamination USP and Contamination Recovery Rates Scott Sutton ABSTRACT United States Pharmacopeia (USP) "Microbiological Control and Monitoring of Aseptic Processing Environments" approaches analysis

More information

Urine Monovette with Boric Acid

Urine Monovette with Boric Acid with Boric Acid Simulated use - Study showing stabilization of specific microorganisms in urine prepared by: Aktiengesellschaft & Co. SARSTEDT AG & Co. P.O. Box 1220 D-51582 Nümbrecht Phone (+49) 0 22

More information

á62ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: TESTS FOR SPECIFIED MICROORGANISMS

á62ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: TESTS FOR SPECIFIED MICROORGANISMS USP 40 Microbiological Tests / á62ñ Microbiological Examination 1 á62ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: TESTS FOR SPECIFIED MICROORGANISMS INTRODUCTION The tests described hereafter

More information

Sample for use a Guide Revised IDEXX COLILERT -18 TEST METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF TOTAL COLIFORMS AND E.

Sample for use a Guide Revised IDEXX COLILERT -18 TEST METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF TOTAL COLIFORMS AND E. IDEXX COLILERT -18 TEST METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF TOTAL COLIFORMS AND E. COLI IN WATER 1 IDEXX COLILERT -18 TEST METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF TOTAL COLIFORMS AND E. COLI IN WATER

More information

3 Petrifilm Environmental Listeria Plate for the Rapid Enumeration of Listeria from Environmental Surfaces

3 Petrifilm Environmental Listeria Plate for the Rapid Enumeration of Listeria from Environmental Surfaces 3 Petrifilm Environmental Listeria Plate for the Rapid Enumeration of Listeria from Environmental Surfaces Barbara Horter and Henry Lubrant, 3M Microbiology, St. Paul, MN, USA Abstract Accurate and rapid

More information

Evaluation of the Petrifilm EB and TEMPO EB systems with ISO :2004 method for the count of Enterobacteriaceae in milk

Evaluation of the Petrifilm EB and TEMPO EB systems with ISO :2004 method for the count of Enterobacteriaceae in milk Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 44, 3, 771-775 (2013) ISSN 1678-4405 Copyright 2013, Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia www.sbmicrobiologia.org.br Research Paper Evaluation of the Petrifilm EB and

More information

TRYPTIC SOY AGAR (TSA) WITH LECITHIN AND TWEEN 80

TRYPTIC SOY AGAR (TSA) WITH LECITHIN AND TWEEN 80 TRYPTIC SOY AGAR (TSA) WITH LECITHIN AND TWEEN 80 Cat. no. P45 TSA with Lecithin and Tween 80, 15x60mm Contact Plate, 15ml Cat. no. Q13 TSA with Lecithin and Tween 80, 20x125mm Tube, 18ml Deep Cat. no.

More information

Chapter 6: Microbial Growth

Chapter 6: Microbial Growth Chapter 6: Microbial Growth 1. Requirements for Growth 2. Culturing Microorganisms 3. Patterns of Microbial Growth 1. Requirements for Growth Factors that affect Microbial Growth Microbial growth depends

More information

21.4 Recombinant DNA technology Calculation worksheet. AQA Biology. Calculating the efficiency of DNA transfer during genetic engineering

21.4 Recombinant DNA technology Calculation worksheet. AQA Biology. Calculating the efficiency of DNA transfer during genetic engineering Calculating the efficiency of DNA transfer during genetic engineering Specification references 3.8.4.1 MS 0.1, MS 0.3 Learning outcomes After completing this worksheet you should be able to: manipulate

More information

Let s Talk Yeasts and Molds

Let s Talk Yeasts and Molds Let s Talk Yeasts and Molds Mark E. Johnson Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research Center for Dairy Research Solution Based Research Backed by Experience, Passion and Tradition What are Yeasts and Molds?

More information

Effects of electrically-generated hydrodynamic shock waves on the microbial. flora of ground beef

Effects of electrically-generated hydrodynamic shock waves on the microbial. flora of ground beef Effects of electrically-generated hydrodynamic shock waves on the microbial flora of ground beef T.A. Lorca, J.R. Claus, J.D. Eifert, J.E. Marcy, and S.S. Sumner Authors Lorca, Eifert, Marcy, and Sumner

More information

3M Microbiology. Food safety. maximized. Safety. Processing

3M Microbiology. Food safety. maximized. Safety. Processing 3M Microbiology Food safety Processing maximized Safety Food Safety Maximized The importance of food safety Producing safe and healthy food is critical to the success of one of the largest industries worldwide.

More information

Interpretation Guide. Environmental Listeria Plate

Interpretation Guide. Environmental Listeria Plate Interpretation Guide The M Petrifilm Environmental Listeria Plate is a sample-ready culture medium containing selective agents, nutrients, a cold-water-soluble gelling agent, and a chromogenic indicator

More information

Utilization of Microbial Data to Improve Food Safety Systems

Utilization of Microbial Data to Improve Food Safety Systems Beef Industry Guidance Document Utilization of Microbial Data to Improve Food Safety Systems Prepared by: Dr. Lynn Delmore In conjunction with: North American Meat Association A contractor to the Beef

More information

A FIELD TEST FOR ASSESSING THE MICROBIAL QUALITY OF WATER: AN H 2 S STRIP TEST B Genthe and M Franck

A FIELD TEST FOR ASSESSING THE MICROBIAL QUALITY OF WATER: AN H 2 S STRIP TEST B Genthe and M Franck Presented at WISA 2000, Sun City, South Africa, 28 May 1 June 2000 A FIELD TEST FOR ASSESSING THE MICROBIAL QUALITY OF WATER: AN H 2 S STRIP TEST B Genthe and M Franck Division of Water Environment and

More information

Kit Information 4 Introduction. 4 Kit Contents, Storage, and Testing Conditions. 4 Principle 4 Applicability. 5 Precautions Sample Preparation 6

Kit Information 4 Introduction. 4 Kit Contents, Storage, and Testing Conditions. 4 Principle 4 Applicability. 5 Precautions Sample Preparation 6 Contents 3. Kit Information 4 Introduction. 4 Kit Contents, Storage, and Testing Conditions. 4 Principle 4 Applicability. 5 Precautions.......................... 5 Sample Preparation 6 Test Procedure 7

More information

BD Mac Conkey II Agar / Columbia CNA Agar with 5% Sheep Blood (Biplate)

BD Mac Conkey II Agar / Columbia CNA Agar with 5% Sheep Blood (Biplate) PA-254447.02-1 - INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE READY-TO-USE PLATED MEDIA PA-254447.02 Rev.: Sep 2011 BD Mac Conkey II Agar / Columbia CNA Agar with 5% Sheep Blood (Biplate) INTENDED USE BD Mac Conkey II Agar /

More information

COMPASS Ecc Agar. Microorganisms Typical phenotype Colony color. GUD + / -gal + GUD - / -gal + GUD - / -gal - 1/5

COMPASS Ecc Agar. Microorganisms Typical phenotype Colony color. GUD + / -gal + GUD - / -gal + GUD - / -gal - 1/5 COMPASS Ecc Agar INTENDED USE COMPASS Ecc Agar is a selective chromogenic medium used for the simultaneous and specific enumeration of all Escherichia coli and coliforms in food products and animal feeding

More information

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE WASHINGTON, DC AVAILABILITY OF CLEANING FREQUENCY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE WASHINGTON, DC AVAILABILITY OF CLEANING FREQUENCY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE WASHINGTON, DC FSIS NOTICE 27-06 4/19/06 AVAILABILITY OF CLEANING FREQUENCY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS The Food Safety and Inspection

More information

Received 24 November 2008/Accepted 9 March 2009

Received 24 November 2008/Accepted 9 March 2009 APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, June 2009, p. 3522 3527 Vol. 75, No. 11 0099-2240/09/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/aem.02685-08 Enumeration of Escherichia coli Cells on Chicken Carcasses as a Potential

More information

Chapter 03 - Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of microorganisms

Chapter 03 - Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of microorganisms Microbiology: A Systems Approach 4th Edition Cowan Test Bank Completed download: https://testbankreal.com/download/microbiology-systems-approach-4thedition-test-bank-cowan/ (Downloadable package TEST BANK

More information

CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION

CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE OF ACCREDITATION ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board 500 Montgomery Street, Suite 625, Alexandria, VA 22314, 877-344-3044 This is to certify that UL Verifications Services, Inc. 85 John Road

More information

Prevalence of Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli in Two Cohorts of Beef Cattle is Associated with Diversity of Microflora and Animal Age

Prevalence of Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli in Two Cohorts of Beef Cattle is Associated with Diversity of Microflora and Animal Age Prevalence of Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli in Two Cohorts of Beef Cattle is Associated with Diversity of Microflora and Animal Age Raies A. Mir 1,2, Sarah M. Markland 1,2, Mauricio Elzo 1, Soohyoun

More information

The Most Probable Number Method and Its Use in QC Microbiology

The Most Probable Number Method and Its Use in QC Microbiology The Most Probable Number Method and Its Use in QC Microbiology Scott Sutton "Microbiology Topics" discusses various topics in microbiology of practical use in validation and compliance. We intend this

More information

OPTIMIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF DAIRY EFFLUENT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

OPTIMIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF DAIRY EFFLUENT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY Jr. of Industrial Pollution Control 33(1)(2017) pp 1106-1113 www.icontrolpollution.com Research Article OPTIMIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF DAIRY EFFLUENT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY ASHA RANI

More information

Current Issues and Approaches to Microbial Testing of Water: Applicability and Use of Current Tests in the Developing World. Mark D.

Current Issues and Approaches to Microbial Testing of Water: Applicability and Use of Current Tests in the Developing World. Mark D. Current Issues and Approaches to Microbial Testing of Water: Applicability and Use of Current Tests in the Developing World Mark D. Sobsey University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC USA Email: Sobsey@email.unc.edu

More information

Psychrophiles in Untreated Farm Pond Waters

Psychrophiles in Untreated Farm Pond Waters Coliforms, Enterococci, hermodurics, hermophiles, and Psychrophiles in Untreated Farm Pond Waters G. W. MALANEY, H. H. WEISER, R. 0. URNER, AND MARILYN VAN HORN Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University,

More information

Microbiological Quality Analysis of Raw Milk and Yogurt Available in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Microbiological Quality Analysis of Raw Milk and Yogurt Available in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh Microbiological Quality Analysis of Raw Milk and Yogurt Available in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh G. M. M. Anwarul Hasan 1, Dr. Sahana Parveen 2, Jesmin Sultana 3 Scientific Officer, Institute of

More information

ISO/FDIS INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FINAL DRAFT

ISO/FDIS INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FINAL DRAFT FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 4831.2 ISO/TC 34/SC 9 Secretariat: AFNOR Voting begins on: 2006-04-26 Voting terminates on: 2006-06-26 Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs Horizontal

More information

á61ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS

á61ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS USP 40 Microbiological Tests / á61ñ Microbiological Examination 1 á61ñ MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NONSTERILE PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS INTRODUCTION The tests described hereafter will allow

More information

Aseptic Techniques. A. Objectives. B. Before coming to lab

Aseptic Techniques. A. Objectives. B. Before coming to lab Aseptic Techniques A. Objectives Become familiar with 1. The ubiquity of microorganisms (see Note 1) 2. Aseptic techniques (see Note 2) 3. Standard methods for growing/observing microorganisms (see Note

More information

Analysis of Bottled Waters from the Water Refilling Stations in Ozamiz City. Wiliva Andoy Maritess Tapitan School of Hospitality Management.

Analysis of Bottled Waters from the Water Refilling Stations in Ozamiz City. Wiliva Andoy Maritess Tapitan School of Hospitality Management. Analysis of Bottled Waters from the Water Refilling Stations in Ozamiz City Wiliva Andoy Maritess Tapitan School of Hospitality Management Abstract This study aims to analyze by means of an Escherichia

More information

A Comparison of Techniques for Estimating Forage Digestion

A Comparison of Techniques for Estimating Forage Digestion University of Wyoming Annual Animal Science Research Report 2 Nutrition A Comparison of Techniques for Estimating Forage Digestion Eric J. Scholljegerdes, Graduate Assistant Venerand Nayigihugu, Research

More information

RAPID Salmonella. RAPID Salmonella. Ref# Description Pre-poured mm x 20 dishes mm x 120 dishes

RAPID Salmonella. RAPID Salmonella. Ref# Description Pre-poured mm x 20 dishes mm x 120 dishes Ref# Description Pre-poured 3563961 90 mm x 20 dishes 3563963 90 mm x 120 dishes Dehydrated 3564705 500g FIELD OF APPLICATION is a chromogenic medium used for the detection of Salmonella spp. in the analysis

More information

The AOAC Germicidal Spray Products as Disinfectants

The AOAC Germicidal Spray Products as Disinfectants DISINFECTANTS Pines et al.: Journal of AOAC International Vol. 96, No. 3, 2013 567 Procedural Revision to the AOAC Germicidal Spray Products as Disinfectants Test Method: Establishment of Minimum and Maximum

More information

JOSEPH M. BOSILEVAC,* XIANGWU NOU, GENEVIEVE A. BARKOCY-GALLAGHER, TERRANCE M. ARTHUR,

JOSEPH M. BOSILEVAC,* XIANGWU NOU, GENEVIEVE A. BARKOCY-GALLAGHER, TERRANCE M. ARTHUR, 1808 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 69, No. 8, 2006, Pages 1808 1813 Treatments Using Hot Water Instead of Lactic Acid Reduce Levels of Aerobic Bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae and Reduce the Prevalence

More information

Schedule of Accreditation issued by United Kingdom Accreditation Service 2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK

Schedule of Accreditation issued by United Kingdom Accreditation Service 2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK 2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK Thorpe House Contact: Wendy Symonds/ Janet Chappell Kelleythorpe Estate Tel: +44 (0)1377 241945 Driffield Fax: +44 (0)1377 241910 East Yorkshire

More information

Antimicrobial packaging films with a sorbic acid based coating

Antimicrobial packaging films with a sorbic acid based coating Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Food Science 1 (2011) 197 202 11 th International Congress on Engineering and Food (ICEF11) Antimicrobial packaging films with a sorbic acid based coating

More information

Bacterial Counts - Quantitative Analysis of Microbes

Bacterial Counts - Quantitative Analysis of Microbes Bacterial Counts - Quantitative Analysis of Microbes Introduction: It is often important to know not only what types of bacteria are in a sample but also how many of them are present. Food manufacturers

More information

Development of a recommended protocol high pressure processing trials with pathogenic microorganisms for the prevention of cross-contamination

Development of a recommended protocol high pressure processing trials with pathogenic microorganisms for the prevention of cross-contamination Development of a recommended protocol high pressure processing trials with pathogenic microorganisms for the prevention of cross-contamination E.R. Griep 1, E.H.M. Walter 2, C. Moraru 1, A. Rosenthal 2

More information

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at As. J. Food Ag-Ind. 2013, 6(06), 290-295 Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN 1906-3040 Available online at www.ajofai.info Research Article Consumer perception on safety and sensory evaluation

More information

Disinfection of eggshells using ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide independently and in combination 1

Disinfection of eggshells using ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide independently and in combination 1 Disinfection of eggshells using ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide independently and in combination 1 J. B. Wells, C. D. Coufal, H. M. Parker, and C. D. McDaniel 2 Poultry Science Department, Mississippi

More information

PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUES

PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUES PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUES Most specimens (from animal tissue, plant tissue, or environmental samples) will be mixed, with a variety of bacteria (or other microorganisms). A single gram of feces, for example,

More information

Project 7: Wound Cultures and Identification

Project 7: Wound Cultures and Identification Project 7: Wound Cultures and Identification Readings: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/wound-culture/tab/test Identification of Gram-Positive & Gram-Negative Bacteria Guide to laboratory

More information

(Applicable to identification of Salmonella in all foods.)

(Applicable to identification of Salmonella in all foods.) 17.9.25 AOAC Official Method 999.08 Assurance Gold Salmonella EIA for the Visual or Instrumental Identification of Motile and Non-Motile Salmonella in All Foods First Action 1999 (Applicable to identification

More information

Microbiological Quality: Understanding Drinking Water Quality and Management

Microbiological Quality: Understanding Drinking Water Quality and Management S A S K A T C H E W A N Microbiological Quality: Understanding Drinking Water Quality and Management June 2017 EPB 197 Table of Contents Page Number How to Determine the Microbiological Quality... 1 Monitoring

More information

OPTIMIZATION AND CV ESTIMATION OF A PLATE COUNT ASSAY USING JMP

OPTIMIZATION AND CV ESTIMATION OF A PLATE COUNT ASSAY USING JMP OPTIMIZATION AND CV ESTIMATION OF A PLATE COUNT ASSAY USING JMP Author: Marianne Toft, Statistician, Novozymes A/S, Denmark ABSTRACT Some of our products are bacterial spores, for which the assay used

More information

Chapter 9 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (Agar Disk Diffusion Method)

Chapter 9 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (Agar Disk Diffusion Method) Chapter 9 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (Agar Disk Diffusion Method) The disk diffusion method presented in this chapter has been carefully standardized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory

More information

Aqua 65JL. Water-Based Hydrophilic Coating. Highly Lubricious, Non-Eluting, surface coating for the reduction of biofilm adhesion.

Aqua 65JL. Water-Based Hydrophilic Coating. Highly Lubricious, Non-Eluting, surface coating for the reduction of biofilm adhesion. Biofilm Resistant Water-Base for PU & Silicone Water-Based Hydrophilic Coating Highly Lubricious, Non-Eluting, surface coating for the reduction of biofilm adhesion. US FDA MAF-1785 11/05/2013 CE Approval

More information

RAPID Salmonella/Agar

RAPID Salmonella/Agar 356-3961 356-3963 356-4705 DEFINITION RAPID Salmonella agar is a chromogenic medium used for the detection of Salmonella spp. in the analysis of food products for human, animal consumption and in environmental

More information

Lab Exercise 13: Growth Curve

Lab Exercise 13: Growth Curve Lab Exercise 13: Growth Curve OBJECTIVES 1. Know the different phases of a standard growth curve. 2. Understand and perform direct measurement of bacterial growth through serial dilutions and standard

More information

The Domestic Student Kitchen: A Microbiological Hazard?

The Domestic Student Kitchen: A Microbiological Hazard? JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Dec. 2017. Vol. 11(4), p. 1687-1693 The Domestic Student Kitchen: A Microbiological Hazard? Karim Hassan 1 * and Marwan El-Bagoury 2 1 School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical

More information

Microbiological Status of Reusable Plastic Containers a Follow up Field Study

Microbiological Status of Reusable Plastic Containers a Follow up Field Study HALEY & ALDRICH INC. 70 Blanchard Road Suite 204 Burlington, MA 01803 617.886.7400 5 October 2016 File No. 41741 005 Corrugated Packaging Alliance 500 Park Blvd., Suite 985 Itasca, IL 60143 Attention:

More information

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005. COVANCE LABORATORIES INC Wright St Madison, WI Hollis Cloninger Phone:

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005. COVANCE LABORATORIES INC Wright St Madison, WI Hollis Cloninger Phone: SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 COVANCE LABORATORIES INC. 2102 Wright St Madison, WI 53704 Hollis Cloninger Phone: 608 210-5501 BIOLOGICAL Valid To: November 30, 2017 Certificate Number: 2918.05

More information

Short communication Microbiological quality on food handlers hands at primary schools in Hulu Langat District, Malaysia

Short communication Microbiological quality on food handlers hands at primary schools in Hulu Langat District, Malaysia International Food Research Journal 20(5): 2973-2977 (2013) Journal homepage: http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my Short communication Microbiological quality on food handlers hands at primary schools in Hulu Langat

More information

Spore concerns and testing in dairy: Reducing variability and establishing standards

Spore concerns and testing in dairy: Reducing variability and establishing standards Spore concerns and testing in dairy: Reducing variability and establishing standards NICOLE MARTIN (NHW6@CORNELL.EDU) MILK QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, CORNELL UNIVERSITY Overview

More information

Hope College MST Methods Summary

Hope College MST Methods Summary Hope College MST Methods Summary Sample collection: Stream samples were obtained in the field by hand using sterile (autoclaved) 1-liter polypropylene storage bottles. Collected samples were placed on

More information

Effects of Sewage Run off on River Water Quality. John Peilert Central Catholic High school grade 9 2nd year of PJAS

Effects of Sewage Run off on River Water Quality. John Peilert Central Catholic High school grade 9 2nd year of PJAS Effects of Sewage Run off on River Water Quality John Peilert Central Catholic High school grade 9 2nd year of PJAS Problem The sewage system in Pittsburgh is one of the oldest in the country. Whenever

More information

2. 47 mm grid marked, white sterile 0.45 micron membranes (Millipore or equivalent) 4. Vacuum pump capable of inches of vacuum

2. 47 mm grid marked, white sterile 0.45 micron membranes (Millipore or equivalent) 4. Vacuum pump capable of inches of vacuum Microbiological Methods IX-B- 1 PRESUMPTIVE MEMBRANE FILTER METHOD AND CONFIRMATION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA PRINCIPLE SCOPE Presumptive Pseudomonas bacteria are quantitated by a membrane filter technique,

More information

Escherichia-Aerobacter group, have been studied recently at the SPECIES OF ESCHERICHIA-AEROBACTER ORGANISMS

Escherichia-Aerobacter group, have been studied recently at the SPECIES OF ESCHERICHIA-AEROBACTER ORGANISMS SPECIES OF ESCHERICHIA-AEROBACTER ORGANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR SOME DEFECTS IN DAIRY PRODUCTS' W. B. SARLES AND B. W. HAMMER Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa Received for publication August 8, 1932 The bacteria

More information

Protocol Reference: Verification Protocol

Protocol Reference: Verification Protocol Protocol Reference: Verification Protocol Contents 1. About BioBall Multishot 550 3 2. About This Protocol 4 3. Safety Precautions 4 4. Protocol Pre-approval 4 5. Protocol Scope 5 5.1. Intended Location

More information

NordVal International. c/o Norwegian Veterinary Institute PB 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway RAPID L. mono

NordVal International. c/o Norwegian Veterinary Institute PB 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway  RAPID L. mono NordVal International / NMKL c/o Norwegian Veterinary Institute PB 75 Sentrum, N-6 Oslo, Norway www.nmkl.org Issued for: RAPID L. mono NordVal No: First approval date: November 5 Extension date: December

More information

Table of Contents Page

Table of Contents Page COMPLIANCE GUIDELINES TO CONTROL LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN POST-LETHALITY EXPOSED READY-TO-EAT MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS Summary of Guidance Material Table of Contents Page 3 A. Introduction 4 B. Control

More information

Water Quality Program Plan

Water Quality Program Plan January 16, 2014 This page intentionally left blank i WATER QUALITY PROGRAM PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION... 1-1 1.1 Consent Decree Water Quality Program Requirements... 1-1 2.0 SELECTION OF

More information

Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia

Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia March 2012 3.3.1 MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF NON-STERILE PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL ENUMERATION TESTS Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia This monograph was adopted at the Forty-sixth

More information

KILL-TIME STUDIES Antimicrobial Activity of EO H 2 O Using Clostridium difficile spores Test Solutions: Acidic H 2 O Submitted December 12, 2011

KILL-TIME STUDIES Antimicrobial Activity of EO H 2 O Using Clostridium difficile spores Test Solutions: Acidic H 2 O Submitted December 12, 2011 KILL-TIME STUDIES Antimicrobial Activity of EO H 2 O Using Clostridium difficile spores Test Solutions: Acidic H 2 O Submitted December 12, 2011 December 20, 2011 PREPARED FOR: Rob Dahl Viritec, LLC. BY:

More information

A Comparison of the Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water for the City of Johannesburg in the Wet and Dry Season

A Comparison of the Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water for the City of Johannesburg in the Wet and Dry Season A Comparison of the Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water for the City of Johannesburg in the Wet and Dry Season Speaker / Author: S.M Makuwa Co-authors: R. Rimmer, and R. Avis Company: Johannesburg

More information

ISAH Warsaw, Poland Vol 2

ISAH Warsaw, Poland Vol 2 COMPARISON OF THE SPREAD PLATE TECHNIQUE AND THE MPN-TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF VIABLE COLONY COUNTS IN QUANTITATIVE SUSPENSION TESTS TO EVALUATE BACTERICIDAL AND FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL

More information

ABC. Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents; Approved Guideline. Volume 19 Number 18

ABC. Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents; Approved Guideline. Volume 19 Number 18 M26-A ISBN 1-56238-384-1 September 1999 ISSN 0273-3099 Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents; Approved Guideline Volume 19 Number 18 Arthur L. Barry, Ph.D. William A. Craig,

More information

Chapter 02 Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis

Chapter 02 Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis Chapter 02 Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis Multiple Choice Questions 1. The Five I's of studying microorganisms include all of the following except A. inoculation.

More information

Determining the microbiological criteria for lot rejection from the performance objective or food safety objective

Determining the microbiological criteria for lot rejection from the performance objective or food safety objective International Journal of Food Microbiology 110 (2006) 263 267 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijfoodmicro Determining the microbiological criteria for lot rejection from the performance objective or food safety

More information

Providing clear solutions to microbiological challenges TM. cgmp/iso CLIA. Polyphasic Microbial Identification & DNA Fingerprinting

Providing clear solutions to microbiological challenges TM. cgmp/iso CLIA. Polyphasic Microbial Identification & DNA Fingerprinting Providing clear solutions to microbiological challenges TM Cert. No. 2254.01 Polyphasic Microbial Identification & DNA Fingerprinting Microbial Contamination Tracking & Trending cgmp/iso-17025-2005 CLIA

More information

Large Volume Serial Dilutions:

Large Volume Serial Dilutions: Serial Dilutions All three bacterial plate count methods described in lab require you to serially dilute your samples until you have 30-300 colony forming units (CFU) on the plate. Plates with more than

More information

STS Directory Accreditation number: STS 0268

STS Directory Accreditation number: STS 0268 International standard: ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Swiss standard: SN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Bioexam AG Maihofstrasse 95a P.O.B. 6858 CH-6000 Lucerne 6 Head: Candid Bucher Responsible for MS: Nathalie Amstein Telephone:

More information

EFFECTIVITY DETERMINATION OF THE PRODUCT AQUAFINESSE HOT TUB WATERTREATMENT

EFFECTIVITY DETERMINATION OF THE PRODUCT AQUAFINESSE HOT TUB WATERTREATMENT KEMA TEST KEMA Nederland B.V. Utrechtseweg 310, 6812 AR Arnhem Postbus 9035, 6800 ET Arnhem T (026) 3 56 91 11 F (026) 3 89 24 77 contact@kema.com www.kema.com Handelsregister Arnhem 09080262 APPENDIX

More information