Do now pg 85. In at least 2 sentences, explain the difference between climate change and global warming

Transcription

1 Do now pg 85 In at least 2 sentences, explain the difference between climate change and global warming

2 What is happening Evidence of a Warming Earth Rising global surface temperatures Changes in precipitation patterns Melting ice (glaciers, polar ice) Rising sea level Both photos show Sperry Glacier in Montana s Glacier National Park. Top: 1913: Bottom: 2008 Did You Know? Since 1986, the Larsen Ice Shelf near Antarctica has lost an area more than 3 times the size of Rhode Island.

3 How we know its happening Studying Climate Change Direct measurement is used to study today s climate. (Recording the temperature and keeping track of storms) Proxy indicators, such as patterns in tree rings, give clues about past climates. Models are used to make predictions about future climates. Cross-section of a tree trunk

4 Why its happening Finding the Cause of Climate Change According to studies, increases in greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate change. The increase in greenhouse gases is mainly due to burning of fossil fuels and changes in land use.

5 Lesson 16.3 Effects of Climate Change In 2003, a severe heat wave in Europe killed 35,000 people.

6 Lesson 16.3 Effects of Climate Change Effects on Organisms Habitats shift, usually toward the poles or to higher altitudes. Migrations start earlier in the spring. Loss of ice makes hunting seals difficult for polar bears. Migrating sandhill cranes Did You Know? Robins arrive on a Colorado mountaintop about 2 weeks earlier than they did in 1970.

7 Lesson 16.3 Effects of Climate Change Current Effects of Global Climate Change Agriculture and forestry: Effects are complex. Can be positive: Lengthened growing season for some crops Can be negative: Droughts and forest fires Economy: Decreased yields; increased property damage due to severe storms and climate conditions Human health: Extreme heat waves increasingly common, can cause heat stroke and death Damage caused by Hurricane Katrina, in 2005

8 Lesson 16.3 Effects of Climate Change Future Effects of Climate Change Diseases: Warmer temperatures can promote spread of diseases transmitted from animals to people. Sea level: Low-lying populated coastal areas may flood as sea levels rise. Water supply: Saltwater contamination of aquifers resulting from rising sea levels and a decrease in glacial ice may threaten freshwater supplies. Black-legged ticks, known to spread Lyme disease Did You Know? In the United States, 53% of the population lives in coastal areas.

9 How to Fix It Fossil fuel combustion generates 70% of the electricity used in the United States. Energy conserving light bulbs

10 Lesson 16.4 Responding to Climate Change Alternate Sources of Electricity Alternative Sources of Electricity Nuclear power Solar power Wind power Hydroelectric power Geothermal power Wind turbines

11 Lesson 16.4 Responding to Climate Change Advances in Vehicle Technology Transportation is the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, second only to electricity. Alternatives to fuel-only cars include: Gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles Vehicles that use alternative fuels such as compressed natural gas Vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells.

12 Lesson 16.4 Responding to Climate Change Reducing Dependence on Cars Biking, walking, and using public transportation are all ways to reduce fossil fuel use. Many communities lack good public transportation. Did You Know? The average American family makes 10 trips by car each day.

13 Lesson 16.4 Responding to Climate Change Strategies for Reducing Greenhouse Gases Agriculture / forestry: Reduce soil erosion and replace cut trees, to curb CO 2 emissions Cap-and-Trade: System of emission allowances that can be sold or traded, gives companies incentive to reduce emissions Carbon tax: A tax per unit on emissions Carbon offsets: Instead of directly reducing emissions, companies can make a voluntary payment to a group that reduces or curbs greenhouse gases. Carbon sequestration: Technology is used to trap and store carbon dioxide emissions.

14 Lesson 16.4 Responding to Climate Change Cooperation Among Nations The Kyoto Protocol is a binding international effort to reduce greenhouse gases to below 1990 levels. The United States did not sign the Kyoto Protocol. Many nations are planning to develop a new binding agreement to address global climate change some time in the future.

15 National Geographic: Global Warming How many species does climate change effect on Earth? What human activities contribute to the main causes of climate change? What greenhouse gas, in particular, has caused temperatures to rise across the globe? Does biodiversity suffer? Who are the most vulnerable? Nearly 1/6 of the world s people rely on for drinking water. List 1 solution for global warming.

16 Video Hawaiian Showers What is the cleaning station List 2 cleaner animals found on Hawaiian reefs. What is the job of the cleaner animals How does the Wrasse advertise his services? Shrimp? How does each animal benefit? What 2 animals clean the green sea turtle?

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18 Symbiosis practice One of the most common predation relationships that can be seen in the Florida Everglades is between the Florida Panther and the White Tailed Deer. Since the Florida Panther is an endangered species, what would happen to the deer population as the panther population decreases in size? The deer population would decrease. The deer population would not be affected. The deer population would increase indefinitely. The deer population would increase and then level off

19 Scientists are concerned about the increasing acidification of ocean waters. Why would ocean acidification, if it continues unchecked, eventually cause global climate change to accelerate? The ocean would supply less water vapor to Earth's atmosphere causing global climate change. The ocean would supply more water vapor to Earth's atmosphere causing global climate change. The ocean's ability to be a carbon storehouse could decrease causing more carbon dioxide to remain in the atmosphe The ocean's ability to be a carbon storehouse could increase causing more carbon dioxide to remain in the atmosphe