The Battery of South Asia? The Potential for India-Nepal Hydropower Cooperation
|
|
- Rosaline Fisher
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 12 24 October 2013 The Battery of South Asia? The Potential for India-Nepal Hydropower Cooperation Lincoln Meeking FDI Research Assistant Key Points Regional leaders have appealed to Nepal to strengthen hydropower cooperation with India, to address Nepal s domestic economic and energy crises. The close proximity and economic strength of India have made it the best candidate to boost Nepal s hydropower potential. Historical relations between India and Nepal have been characterised by political mistrust and tension. Nepalese leaders have raised concerns about the one-sided benefits obtained by India in previous hydropower projects. The success of the partnership could determine the willingness of other South Asian countries to engage in future regional hydropower initiatives. Summary Despite possessing the potential to produce huge quantities of hydroelectricity, Nepal has failed to capitalise on these abundant resources. The lack of hydropower development in Nepal has contributed to chronic power shortages, which are affecting the country s economic development. Experts have indicated that Nepal needs to improve cooperation with technologically advanced countries like India to capitalise on its hydrological reserves. While India is regarded as the main candidate to improve Nepal s hydropower capacity, cooperation between them has been constrained by historical and political antagonism. The
2 purpose of this paper is to examine the likelihood that Nepal and India will strengthen hydropower cooperation; the benefits of such cooperation; and the obstacles to future cooperation. The paper will conclude by discussing the prospects for regional hydropower cooperation. Analysis Nepal s huge hydropower potential stems from the abundance of steep Himalayan ranges, which cover 24% of the country. These mountainous regions discharge large quantities of runoff during the monsoon season. Experts have estimated that Nepal could generate 42,000 MW of power by converting these water resources into electricity. Recent government studies have revealed that Nepal only generates 650MW of power from hydroelectricity. This shortfall has contributed to Nepal s severe energy shortages; nearly 60% of the Nepalese population do not have access to electricity. The majority of these people are located in rural regions, away from Nepal s major power grids in the south of the country. In the Nepalese capital of Kathmandu, it is common for people to experience daily blackouts, which can last more than 18 hours during summer. Nepal s energy crisis has been compounded by population growth, with energy demand increasing at a rate of 10% every year. Although Nepal possesses significant natural advantages, hydroelectricity only accounts for 1% of its energy supplies. Nepal s energy sector is dominated by wood (68%), agricultural waste (15%), animal dung (8%) and imported fossil fuels (8%). The problem with resources like wood and fossil fuels is that they are non-renewable. A shortage of wood in rural areas near Kathmandu is forcing some farmers to burn animal dung to produce power. This trend is having an adverse impact on the productivity of the land, because animal dung is required by many farmers to boost the fertility of the soil. Nepal s energy concerns were addressed by global leaders at the two-day Power Summit in Kathmandu on August Attendees at the conference declared that Nepal should strengthen cooperation with countries like India to improve domestic hydropower production. Nepal would benefit substantially from association with India s more advanced hydro power capabilities. The fact that India is the seventh largest global producer of hydroelectric power, means that it has the economic and technical resources to improve Nepal s hydropower capacity. The Importance of India The close proximity of India to Nepal means that the potential to strengthen their hydropower cooperation is significant. India s interest in improving hydropower cooperation has been driven by its reliance on the Himalayan water resources that flow from Nepal; Northern India has a power shortage of 50,000MW. Because Northern India is so close to Nepal s major power grids in the south, India is ideally located to benefit from future power trading agreements. Page 2 of 6
3 Nepal does not possess the technical capacity to develop large-scale hydropower developments. The decade-long Maoist insurgency, which lasted until 2006, had a detrimental impact on Nepal s economy. The Maoist government stalled discussions with foreign investors on hydropower proposals, by expressing concern about the negative impacts of the projects on Nepalese society and the environment. Roadblocks to Cooperation Nepal has struggled to contain political corruption and infighting since the end of the Maoist regime. Internal political division means that Nepal s ruling government is a coalition of small political parties, which has made the task of approving hydropower proposals very difficult. The Nepalese constitution requires foreign agreements on natural resources like water to be approved by a two-thirds majority in parliament. This provision has caused Nepal s energy sector to become extremely politicised and disjointed. Experts at the Energy Summit in Kathmandu in 2013, acknowledged the negative impact of politicisation on foreign investment in Nepal s hydropower sector. According to Narendra Prajapati, treasurer of the Independent Power Producers Association of Nepal (IPPAN): The [foreign] power developers have to approach as many as 10 [Nepalese] government agencies, along with abiding by 15 national laws, for registration, licence procuring and development of hydropower projects. It is unclear whether technically advanced countries like India will be able to overcome Nepal s political roadblocks to strengthen hydropower cooperation. The extensive history of hydrological cooperation between India and Nepal indicates that India could play a major role in advancing Nepal s hydropower industry, if Nepal can create a more investmentfriendly environment. Hydrological cooperation between Nepal and India dates back to the early 1900s. The construction of the Sarada barrage on the Mahakahli River was their first joint project. In exchange for funding and building the barrage, the Indian government was provided with land in South Nepal. Nepal s main benefit from the barrage was its entitlement to a specified supply of water for farming irrigation. Examples of other hydropower projects constructed in Nepal with Indian assistance include the Devighat and Phewa hydropower projects, which are located near Kathmandu. Opinion in Nepal is that the results of projects like the Sarada Barrage have been unfavourable to Nepal. India s financial power gave it leverage to determine how those projects could best satisfy its own social and economic needs. India s primary interest has been to establish run-of-the-river hydropower projects, which do not impede the downstream flow of water into India. This means that Nepal only benefits from sufficient electricity and irrigation supplies during peak periods of river flow, in the monsoon season. It is well known that storage hydropower dam structures would be more beneficial for Nepal; because hydropower can be generated more consistently throughout the year from a stored water source. The fact that Nepal continues to suffer from chronic power shortages has caused many Nepalese to question the benefits of India s assistance. Page 3 of 6
4 Drawbacks of Hydroelectricity Civil groups in Nepal have expressed concern about the environmental and social impacts of future hydropower projects. The environmental degradation caused by large-scale projects has been a major concern. The blasting and tunnelling of hillsides during the construction phase of hydropower dams, causes significant deforestation and degradation. This process can exacerbate the severity of natural disasters, like landslides, by destabilising the soil surface. Social displacement is another negative impact of hydropower projects. People living near the proposed sites for hydropower dams in Nepal have, in the past, been forced by the government to relocate to other areas. A lack of sufficient government compensation means that the displaced people are often forced to migrate to urban areas, where they lack suitable housing and employment opportunities. These concerns have caused the Nepalese government to come under significant pressure from domestic civil groups. The protests and threat campaigns carried out by civil groups like the UCPN Cadres, forced the Nepalese government to postpone the development of the Upper Karnali and Arun III hydropower projects in This decision was made, although the government had signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with India in Ongoing social instability has caused many of Nepal s existing hydropower facilities to deteriorate due to declining maintenance standards and a lack of foreign investment. The Indian government s ambition to create an electricity trading agreement with Nepal has provoked widespread scepticism. History has shown that mutual electricity trading agreements can create a single-option buyer dilemma. Unlike resources like oil and gas, electricity cannot readily be exported in a competitive global market as it is limited to the proximity of the power grid. India has the potential to act as a single-option buyer, by determining the price and quantity of electricity being exported from Nepal. Paraguay experienced the single-option buyer dilemma in its agreement with Brazil on the Itaipú Binational Hydropower Project. Government officials anticipated an electricity trading scheme where revenue from Brazil s electricity purchases would pay-off Paraguay s investment. Leaders from both countries formally agreed that Brazil would purchase electricity from Paraguay at a price of US$0.42 per unit. The estimated cost of the Itaipú project was US$2 billion, but by the time of its completion in 1991, the cost had exceeded US$16 billion. This blowout forced Paraguay to sell over 90% of the power to achieve a marginal annual profit, which compromised its entitlement to half of the power generated by the project. The marginal economic benefits of the Itaipú project, didn t justify Paraguay s risk in undertaking such a capital-intensive and environmentally-sensitive project. The Paraguay-Brazil scheme illustrates the risks of transnational electricity exchanges. The risk that Nepal will be exploited in future hydropower agreements with India should be closely evaluated by the Nepalese government. While the government should be aware of these risks when dealing with countries like India, it would be unwise for it to let these risks restrict the development of its hydropower sector. A major benefit of hydropower is that it relies on water, which is a renewable resource. The abundant supply of water resources in Nepal means that hydroelectricity can be a more reliable and sustainable way of confronting Nepal s long-term energy needs. Page 4 of 6
5 Benefits of Hydroelectricity Another benefit of hydroelectricity is that water can be channelled from the dams to irrigate farmland areas. The construction of irrigation channels to farmland regions in Nepal would boost agricultural productivity and ensure the country s long-term food security. While it might seem that the Indian government would be opposed the construction of irrigation channels, which could impede the flow of river water into India, the abundance of Nepal s water supplies has so far prevented India from raising any concerns. On the contrary, the Indian government s proposal to develop a hydropower dam on the Saptakoshi River, includes plans to construct irrigation channels that could provide water for 300,000 hectares of agricultural land in Nepal. Recent events have indicated that India and Nepal will strengthen their hydropower cooperation. This was evidenced by the Nepalese government s decision to recommence development of the 900 MW Upper Karnali project in Western Nepal, in August In April, Nepal s Industrial Promotion Board also gave permission for a major Indian company to invest in the development of a 44 MW Super Madi Hydropower project in central Nepal. The government has revealed that 30 Indian companies have been granted licences to survey Nepal for potential hydropower sites. The relationship between India and Nepal in future hydropower projects will be similar to the past. India will continue to provide infrastructure and funding to develop the projects, in return for access to Nepal s abundant water resources. It is important for the Nepalese government to stand firm when negotiating with India, to ensure that the benefits of future hydropower projects are not one-sided. It must also be transparent, when evaluating the benefits of hydropower projects against the social and environmental impacts. Potential for Regional Collaboration? Assuming that India and Nepal continue to strengthen their relationship, there is a possibility that neighbouring South Asian countries will also become involved in the partnership. Small Himalayan countries, like Bhutan, have an abundant supply of hydrological resources that can be converted into energy. These countries are similar to Nepal and India, in that they all suffer from chronic energy shortages. Some analysts have proposed the idea that a collective South Asian power grid could be established in the long term future. This idea was supported by India's renewable energy minister, Farooq Abdullah, on 7 October Abdullah announced that the creation of a South Asian power grid, which allows for the free flow of electricity between producing and importing nations in South Asia, would be a top priority of the Indian government. So far, however, no extensive research has been conducted into the economic and technical viability of a South Asian power grid. Political stability will be the major determinant of the immediate success of hydropower cooperation between India and Nepal. Nepalese leaders have expressed confidence that increased investment will flow from India after Nepal s general elections in November Chief Nepalese economic adviser, Chirinjivi Nepal, recently declared that: We *Nepal+ need to create a more investment-friendly environment to invite Indian investment in various economic and infrastructure-related projects." It will be difficult for Nepal to harness Page 5 of 6
6 sufficient investment without political and social stability. The decisions made by many South Asian leaders about engaging in future regional hydropower projects, will be based on the success of the partnership between India and Nepal. ***** Any opinions or views expressed in this paper are those of the individual author, unless stated to be those of Future Directions International. Published by Future Directions International Pty Ltd. 80 Birdwood Parade, Dalkeith WA 6009, Australia. Tel: Fax: lpower@futuredirections.org.au Web: Page 6 of 6
Indonesia s Energy Requirements Part One: Current Energy Dynamics
10 February 2015 Indonesia s Energy Requirements Part One: Current Energy Dynamics Stewart Patterson FDI Associate Key Points Domestic consumption has been a key driver of Indonesian economic growth and,
More informationContent Introduction Institutional Arrangement Energy Policy Documents Energy Statistics Legal and Policy Efforts for Hydropower Development Problems
A COUNTRY REPORT OF NEPAL Presented by: Pralhad Prasad Sapkota Under Scretary Government of Nepal,Ministry of Energy, Kathmandu, Nepal Content Introduction Institutional Arrangement Energy Policy Documents
More informationClimate Change, Food and Water Security in Bangladesh
12 29 March 2016 Climate Change, Food and Water Security in Bangladesh Haweya Ismail Research Analyst Global Food and Water Crises Research Programme Key Points Bangladesh s geographical location, poverty
More informationUnit: Power. Class 8 Geography Project. Power potential in Pakistan
Unit: Power Class 8 Geography Project Power potential in Pakistan The Material Power potential in Pakistan Pakistan does not have large proven reserves of fossil fuels but is fortunate enough to have been
More informationRenewable Energy Technologies - Present and Future Prospects in Indian Economy
Renewable Energy Technologies - Present and Future Prospects in Indian Economy Dr. Sukhvinder Kaur Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak College for Girls (India) ABSTRACT Energy is the most essential component
More informationCH2356 Energy Engineering Hydro Power. Dr. M. Subramanian
CH2356 Energy Engineering Hydro Power Dr. M. Subramanian Associate Professor Department of Chemical Engineering Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering Kalavakkam 603 110, Kanchipuram(Dist) Tamil
More informationNef<:JI. Page 1 of 5. Mr. Chairman and Distinguished Delegates. 1. First of all, on behalf of my delegation and on my own, I would like to extend
Page 1 of 5 Nef
More informationSri Lanka: National Water Resources Authority
Sri Lanka: National Water Resources Authority I. Description of NWASAB (i) Introduction Sri Lanka s water sector reforms are influenced by number of warning signs related to water and non-availability
More informationMine Power: Partnering to Upgrade Energy Infrastructure in the DRC
Natural Resource Charter Case Study Mine Power: Partnering to Upgrade Energy Infrastructure in the DRC Nicolas Maennling, Perrine Toledano and Sophie Thomashausen SUMMARY Challenge Country and period of
More informationEx Post-Evaluation Brief Nepal: Load Dispatch Centre and Extension of the Balaju Substation
Ex Post-Evaluation Brief Nepal: Load Dispatch Centre and Extension of the Balaju Substation Programme/Client Load Dispatch Centre and Extension of the Balaju Substation (BMZ No. 1996 66 611) Programme
More informationIMPLEMENTING WATER REFORM IN QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA CASE # 24
IMPLEMENTING WATER REFORM IN QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA CASE # 24 ABSTRACT Description This case describes a series of legislative and policy developments which were undertaken to reform the water sector in
More informationSUSTAINABLE USE OF OCEANS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GREEN ECONOMY AND THE ERADICATION OF POVERTY, PRINCIPALITY OF MONACO, NOVEMBER, 2011
SUSTAINABLE USE OF OCEANS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GREEN ECONOMY AND THE ERADICATION OF POVERTY, PRINCIPALITY OF MONACO, 28 30 NOVEMBER, 2011 Implementation of Offshore Wind Power & Potential of Tidal, Wave
More informationChapter 13 of Agenda 21
Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 What is Agenda 21? Agenda 21 is the global plan of action that was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
More informationWestern Power Company Ltd. Ngonye Falls Hydroelectric Project October 2014
Western Power Company Ltd. Ngonye Falls Hydroelectric Project October 2014 Western Power Company Western Power Company (WPC) is a Zambian Independent Power Producer which is working for the development
More informationNational Energy Policy of Ethiopia
National Energy of Ethiopia ENERGY POLICY OF THE TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA 1. PREAMBLE Ethiopia's Energy consumption is predominantly based on biomass energy sources. An overwhelming proportion
More informationCountry Paper on Integrated Water Resources Management in Nepal
The First General Meeting of the Network of Asian River Basin Organization (NARBO) in Batu-Malang, Indonesia (February 24-26, 2004) Country Paper on Integrated Water Resources Management in Nepal Presented
More informationNEPAL LOOKS TO VIETNAM FOR BEST PRACTICES IN HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
NEPAL LOOKS TO VIETNAM FOR BEST PRACTICES IN HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT Through funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy Integration (SARI/EI)
More informationIndonesia's Energy Transit: Struggle to Realize Renewable Potential
Indonesia's Energy Transit: Struggle to Realize Renewable Potential By Jeremy Wilcox, Contributor September 14, 2012 LONDON -- Indonesia's electricity market is moving from a monopoly fossil-fuel generation
More information10. HOW CAN SOUTH ASIA PROMOTE ENERGY TRADE 6
10. HOW CAN SOUTH ASIA PROMOTE ENERGY TRADE 6 Energy supply constraints in South Asia impede economic growth. Sustained growth with job creation is presently the priority development objective of South
More informationGeneral Information Energy Reserves Current Energy Policy and measures Past Energy Demand and Supply Energy outlook Energy Related Investment Major Di
Country Report Nepal 1 General Information Energy Reserves Current Energy Policy and measures Past Energy Demand and Supply Energy outlook Energy Related Investment Major Difficulties and bottlenecks 2
More informationInformation on the Federal Foreign Office Programme Expanding Cooperation with Civil Society in the Eastern Partnership Countries and Russia
Berlin, 17 October 2017 Information on the Federal Foreign Office Programme Expanding Cooperation with Civil Society in the Eastern Partnership Countries and Russia The programme Expanding Cooperation
More informationProgress the development of a pan-industry vision and strategy, supported by a collaborative implementation plan;
Labour believes government must lead a pro-active, collaborative approach with the primary sector in order to ensure the sustainable utilisation of our natural environmental not only has the capacity to
More informationFresh Water Treaty. International Setting and Issues in Water, Environment and Development
Fresh Water Treaty Preamble International Setting and Issues in Water, Environment and Development 1. In recent years most countries have faced a grave economic crisis which generated a great decrease
More informationAustralian C20 Summit Communique
Australian C20 Summit Communique Preamble 1. The Australian C20 Steering Committee is charged with the responsibility of bringing to the attention of the G20 leaders meeting in Brisbane in November 2014,
More informationInvited presentation at the 2018 Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2018, Jacksonville, Florida
Invited presentation at the 2018 Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2018, Jacksonville, Florida Copyright 2018 by Author(s). All rights reserved. Readers may make
More informationBrief Overview of Renewable Energy Regulation in Tanzania
THE ENERGY AND WATER UTILITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY (EWURA) Brief Overview of Renewable Energy Regulation in Tanzania Presentation by Anastas P. Mbawala Director of Electricity At the NARUC EWURA Mission
More informationThe Coalition s Policy
The Coalition s Policy Key Commitments A strong agriculture sector will boost Australia s productivity, jobs and exports. The Coalition has delivered a $4 billion Agriculture White Paper that will support
More informationThe Potential for Renewable Energy in India
The Potential for Renewable Energy in India - 2012 Disclaimer: All information contained in this report has been obtained from sources believed to be accurate by Gyan Research and Analytics (Gyan). While
More informationMINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES ET EUROPÉENNES 20 December /5 6th World Water Forum Ministerial Process Draft document
MINISTÈRE DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES ET EUROPÉENNES 20 December 2011 1/5 6th World Water Forum Ministerial Process Draft document 1. We the Ministers and Heads of Delegations assembled in Marseille, France,
More informationRegional Cooperation for Flood Disaster Mitigation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region
Regional Cooperation for Flood Disaster Mitigation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development Khumaltar, Lalitpur, P.O. Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel:
More informationManaging Natural Resources
Managing Natural Resources The Sierra Leone Conference on Development and Transformation (Rethinking development after 50 years experience) Presented By Andrew K. Bomah (Theme Leader) Sierra Leone is endowed
More informationThe First Mekong River Commission Summit 2010
15th Anniversary 5 April 1995 5 April 2010 The First Mekong River Commission Summit 2010 The Mekong Basin as a source of economic prosperity The water resources of the 795,000 square kilometer Mekong Basin
More informationSHARE AND CARE NEPAL Lalitpur. Water Resource Management Policy 2066 (2009) Share and Care Nepal P.O. Box: Kathmandu
SHARE AND CARE NEPAL Lalitpur Water Resource Management Policy 2066 (2009) Share and Care Nepal P.O. Box: 10657 Kathmandu Table of Content CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND... 2 CHAPTER 2: OBJECTIVES... 2 CHAPTER
More informationDECLARATION 6 TH OCTOBER 2015, NGO ACTION DAY AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
DECLARATION 6 TH OCTOBER 2015, NGO ACTION DAY AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE We, NGO s in official partnership with UNESCO signatories of the Declaration, spokespersons of population s victims of Climate Change,
More informationDong Zheren Chairman of Global Water Partnership - China Global Water Partnership - China
Ecological Compensation for Dammed Rivers Dong Zheren Chairman of Global Water Partnership - China Global Water Partnership - China Outline 1. The Stresses of Dams on River Ecosystems 2. To choose the
More informationHYDRO-QUÉBEC ELECTRICITY: CLEAN, RENEWABLE AND RELIABLE. November 2015
HYDRO-QUÉBEC ELECTRICITY: CLEAN, RENEWABLE AND RELIABLE Update from HQUS November 2015 Today s Energy Challenges Global Warming Solutions Act Role of large hydropower: multiple system benefits in a single
More informationThe Inter-American Development Bank. Biofuels as Alternative Energy: A regional overlook
The Inter-American Development Bank American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting February 15, 2009 - Chicago Biofuels as Alternative Energy: A regional overlook Gregor Meerganz von
More informationWind Energy in Canada
Wind Energy in Canada Ken Gordon & Fraser Summerfield Currently, the Canadian Power Grid provides approximately 250,000 MW of power across the country. This power is generated primarily by traditional
More informationThe Chinese Dams on Yarlung Tsampo (Brahmaputra) The Real Issues
1 The Chinese Dams on Yarlung Tsampo (Brahmaputra) The Real Issues Pradip Kr. Bhuyan There was much concern in the country, specially in Assam at the news that China is blocking a northern tributary of
More informationLNG. Liquefied Natural Gas A Strategy for B.C. s Newest Industry
LNG Liquefied Natural Gas A Strategy for B.C. s Newest Industry LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS Message from the Premier The BC Jobs Plan released in September is all about leveraging our competitive advantages
More informationSECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY
Country Partnership Strategy: Armenia, 2014 2018 SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY A. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. Sector performance. Armenia has no proven reserves of oil or natural
More informationCoal After the Paris Agreement
Coal After the Paris Agreement The Challenges of Dirty Fuel By Tim Boersma and Stacy D. VanDeveer, June 6, 2016, FOREIGN AFFAIRS On December 12, 2015, 195 countries adopted the Paris Agreement, the most
More informationSource: The Kathmandu; 25 June 2017 Load-shedding in Farwest will end shortly: NEA s Ghising Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Managing Director
Source: The Kathmandu; 25 June 2017 Load-shedding in Farwest will end shortly: NEA s Ghising Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Managing Director Kulman Ghising has assured that ongoing loadshedding in
More informationHydrological Aspects of Drought
World Meteorological Organization SEOUL, REPUBLIC OF KOREA 25-27 October, 2016 REGIONAL ASSOCIATION II WORKING GROUP ON HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES Hydrological Aspects of Drought Irina Dergacheva NIGMI of Uzhydromet
More informationAFRICAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DIALOGUE THEME: RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
AFRICAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DIALOGUE THEME: RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA PROPOSALS FOR A RENEWABLE ENERGY- DRIVEN SOCIETY IN SIERRA LEONE: BY HON. PARAMOUNT CHIEF BAI KURR KANAGBARO
More informationTrans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement. Occupations
Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement Occupations Structure of Presentation What is the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement? Why did we put this scheme in place? How did we go about negotiating
More informationRewards for watershed services in Sumberjaya, Indonesia
Rewards for watershed services in Sumberjaya, Indonesia Delia Catacutan, World Agroforestry Centre Type of tool: economic instruments in water management / investments in the protection and improvement
More informationThese potential changes and their implications are outlined in Annex 1.
Guidance Note Hydropower Guidance Note: This Guidance Note has been prepared by Natural Resources Wales (NRW) to provide applicants for abstraction and impoundment licences for hydropower schemes with
More informationG8 / G20 Briefing Document: The True Cost of Fossil Fuels
Over the years, oil and coal companies have reaped vast profits at public expense. In country after country, high-priced lobbyists have persuaded governments to hand over enormous sums of taxpayer money
More information5 Year Strategic Plan ( ) Version 1
The Renewable Agri-energy Initiative s 5 Year Strategic Plan (2010 2014) Version 1 RAI RAI The Renewable Agri-energy Initiative s 5 Year Strategic Plan Introduction Renewable agri energy production presents
More informationPriyanka Dissanayake Regional Coordinator GWP South Asia (GWP SAS) September 4, 2013 Kathmandu, Nepal
Priyanka Dissanayake Regional Coordinator GWP South Asia (GWP SAS) September 4, 2013 Kathmandu, Nepal South Asia spreads over about 4% of the World s land area Possesses about 4.5% of the water resources
More informationRenewable Energy Sources
Renewable Energy Sources Municipality of Grey Highlands Submitted by The Jones Consulting Group Ltd. Submitted to Wind Power Committee 24 th November 2004 Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION:...1 2.0 ENERGY
More informationPROMOTING SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN ASIA & THE PACIFIC IN : ADB OPERATIONS IN AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN ASIA & THE PACIFIC IN 2015 2020: ADB OPERATIONS IN AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES OECD-ASEAN REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES TO PROMOTE FOOD SECURITY
More informationRenewable energy: Investing in Africa
1. Who is responsible for energy policy? 2. To what extent have generation, transmission and distribution activities been unbundled? 3. Who owns and operates the (grid-connected) generation, transmission
More informationIn Confidence. Office of the Minister for Climate Change. Chair, Cabinet Business Committee. The 100 Day Plan for Climate Change.
In Confidence Office of the Minister for Climate Change Chair, Cabinet Business Committee The 100 Day Plan for Climate Change Proposal 1. This paper seeks your agreement: 1.1. for a participatory and transparent
More informationPAGE 38 THOMAS KUSTERER THE GERMAN ENERGY TRANSITION
PAGE 38 THOMAS KUSTERER THE AUTHOR PAGE 39 Thomas Kusterer Chief Financial Officer EnBW Energie Baden-Würtemberg AG The German Energy Transition Partnership Models and a Reliable Framework as a Basis for
More information"SHARING BENEFITS" OF HYDROPOWER PROJECTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SHARES MODEL
"SHARING BENEFITS" OF HYDROPOWER PROJECTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SHARES MODEL ADVANCING SUSTAINABLE HYDROPOWER TECHNICAL WORKSHOP SERIES January 23-24, 2017 NIRJAN RAI AND SAUMITRA NEUPANE Based
More informationWind Power in Context A clean Revolution in the Energy Sector
Supported by Ludwig Bölkow Stiftung Embargo: January 9, 2009 Wind Power in Context A clean Revolution in the Energy Sector Presentation by Dr. Rudolf Rechsteiner January 9-2009 press conference of Energy
More informationWorld Small Hydropower Development Report 2013
World Small Hydropower Development Report 2013 www.smallhydroworld.org POLAND Disclaimer Published in 2013 by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and International Center on Small
More informationModule 1 (L3) Introduction and Basic Concepts. 3 Watershed Management Policies
Module 1 (L3) Introduction and Basic Concepts 3 Watershed Management Policies 1 1 L3 Watershed Management Policies Topics Covered Introduction to Water Policy - Legislative framework, Institutional framework,
More informationFirst Nations and Renewable Energy Development in British Columbia
Survey Report: First Nations and Renewable Energy Development in British Columbia April 2017 prepared for B.C. First Nations Clean Energy Working Group prepared by Dana Cook, MA Candidate, Eryn Fitzgerald,
More informationWhat Are Our Alternatives, If Fossil Fuels Are a Problem?
What Are Our Alternatives, If Fossil Fuels Are a Problem? George W. Bush has given us one reason why we need to make changes Unstable foreign oil supply. Al Gore has given us another reason Climate change.
More informationProfiles of 12 proposed Mainstream developments in the LMB
Profiles of 12 proposed Mainstream developments in the LMB MRC SEA of Mekong mainstream hydropower REGIONAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT WORKSHOP Vientiane, April 2010 Presentation by Peter-John Meynell & Lawrence
More informationSECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities
Interim Country Partnership Strategy: Mongolia, 2014 2016 SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): ENERGY 1 1. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. Low energy efficiency and urban air pollution. Presently,
More informationThe Case of Kurichu in the Indo-Bhutan Context
The Case of Kurichu in the Indo-Bhutan Context Transboundary Hydropower Projects and Downstream Flooding Anjana Mahanta Description Hydropower development in Bhutan has gained considerable ground as a
More informationChair s conclusions. The Chair summarised the discussions as follows and will forward his conclusions to the summit chair.
Potsdam, 15-17 March 2007 Chair s conclusions The Environment Ministers of the G8 countries as well as of Brazil, China, India, Mexico and South Africa, the European Commissioner responsible for the environment
More informationWebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply System for Takris
3 rd World Conference on Applied Sciences, Engineering & Technology 27-29 September 2014, Kathmandu, Nepal WebPIPA - Web Based Paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessment - An Online Irrigation Water Supply
More information2001~2020(4 th ) Sound use of water and formulation of friendly and safe water environment
1966~1975(1 st ) Multi-purpose dam plans for flood control, irrigation, and energy development in response to increased demand for water resources 1976~1981 Integrated River Basin Development Plan of the
More informationMONGOLIA COUNTRY PROFILE 88
MONGOLIA COUNTRY PROFILE 88 Overview Mongolia has a GDP of USD 5,259 million lxvi and a population of approximately 2.61 million. lxvii The total primary energy supply in 2007 was 3.09 Mtoe (million tons
More informationEnvironmental and Social Impact Assessment for Rogun Hydro Power Plant
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Rogun Hydro Power Plant Environmental and Social Impacts July 14-19, 2014 Content Project History Purpose and Scope The Project Area The Project The Project
More information14. The Brahmaputra: Water hotspot in Himalayan Asia
14. The Brahmaputra: Water hotspot in Himalayan Asia Robert G. Wirsing Georgetown University, Qatar Analysts around the world increasingly have their eyes on the Brahmaputra River, a transboundary watercourse
More informationBioenergy Australia Strategic Plan Bioenergy Australia Strategic Plan bioenergyaustralia.org
Bioenergy Australia Strategic Plan 2017 2020 bioenergyaustralia.org History Bioenergy Australia was established in 1997 by a small group of Federal Government organisations to foster and facilitate the
More informationLoharinang Pala hydropower plant, Uttarakhand en.wikipedia.org
Loharinang Pala hydropower plant, Uttarakhand en.wikipedia.org Science and Hydropower: Can freshwater science help India realise its hydropower potential? Dr. Gwyn Rees Science Lead - Water Resources Centre
More informationPlantations for Australia: The 2020 Vision. Presentation to the. Workshop on Forestry. Strategic Planning in the. Asia-Pacific Region
Plantations for Australia: The 2020 Vision Presentation to the Workshop on Forestry Strategic Planning in the Asia-Pacific Region Ben Mitchell, International Forest Policy 3 November 2013 Overview Introduction
More informationKingdom of Morocco STATEMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF MOROCCO RIO + 20 CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Kingdom of Morocco STATEMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF MOROCCO RIO + 20 CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT June 20-22, 2012 Your Excellencies, Mr. Secretary-General of the United Nations, President of the General
More informationRethinking oilfield. in Saudi Arabia Changing roles for the new era. Strategy& is part of the PwC network
Rethinking oilfield partnerships in Saudi Arabia Changing roles for the new era Strategy& is part of the PwC network Contacts About the authors Beirut Georges Chehade Partner +961-1-985-655 georges.chehade
More informationWAVES, Natural Capital Accounting Highlighted at Trondheim Conference on Biodiversity
WAVES, Natural Capital Accounting Highlighted at Trondheim Conference on Biodiversity Rachel Kyte, Vice President for the World Bank s Sustainable Development Network, presented the World Bank s view on
More informationFDI for Sustainable Development and the SDGs - National Challenges and Policy Responses
FDI for Sustainable Development and the SDGs - National Challenges and Policy Responses Seyed Komail Tayebi Director of CEIEUI, Department of Economics, University of Isfahan, Iran Zahra Zamani Department
More informationCentral Kalimantan s Oil Palm Value Chain
Central Kalimantan s Oil Palm Value Chain Opportunities for Productivity, Profitability, and Sustainability Gains (version November 2015) BRAZIL CHINA EUROPE INDIA INDONESIA UNITED STATES 1 Oil palm is
More informationTowards the Next Agricultural Policy Framework
Towards the Next Agricultural Policy Framework Calgary Statement JULY 22, 2016 Introduction State of the Sector Canada s agriculture, agri-food and agri-based products sector (hereafter referred to as
More informationVALUING NATURAL CAPITAL IN WEALTH ACCOUNTING IN MADAGASCAR
GABORONE DECLARATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN AFRICA Photos Left to Right, CI/Rod Mast, CI/Cristina Mittermeier VALUING NATURAL CAPITAL IN WEALTH ACCOUNTING IN MADAGASCAR SUSTAINABILITY APPROACH Developing
More informationBALKAN HYDROPOWER OVERVIEW
Organised by: Supported by International Hydropower Association BALKAN HYDROPOWER OVERVIEW July, 2017 г. Official Partner: Sponsors: Supported by: Among participants: Contents GENERAL GLOBAL AND EU RES
More informationESP ENERGY SYSTEM PLANNING (PTY) LTD COMPANY EXPERIENCE (PROJECTS) Cons ulting Group
ENERGY SYSTEM PLANNING (PTY) LTD COMPANY EXPERIENCE (PROJECTS) Suite 2B, 08 Arnold Road, Rosebank, 2196, Johannesburg, South Africa Tel: +27 11 447 9852; Website: http://www.espcg.com Transaction advisory
More informationBENEFIT SHARING AND SUSTAINABLE HYDROPOWER Lessons from Nepal
BENEFIT SHARING AND SUSTAINABLE HYDROPOWER Lessons from Nepal June 27-28, 2016 ICIMOD, Lalitpur PADMENDRA SHRESTHA Research and Program Manager Benefit sharing Sustainable hydropower Benefit sharing:
More informationIssues in Rural Development and Agriculture
Issues in Rural Development and Agriculture A Presentation for the Public Expenditure Analysis and Management Course Csaba Csaki (RDV) May 22, 2002 Structure of Presentation New Framework: Revised Rural
More informationReport on Strategic Partners Workshop CUTS-SDIP Project 1 st May 2015, New Delhi, India
Venue: Hotel Metropolitan, New Delhi, India Report on Strategic Partners Workshop CUTS-SDIP Project 1 st May 2015, New Delhi, India Participating organizations: CRRID, CUTS, DFAT, NEFORD, RGVN, SDPI, SNV,
More informationSolar PV in ASEAN Challenges and Opportunities. Peerapat Vithayasrichareon Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets (CEEM), UNSW Australia
Solar PV in ASEAN Challenges and Opportunities Peerapat Vithayasrichareon Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets (CEEM), UNSW Australia ESI Workshop on the value of PV in Singapore 18 February 2016
More information2014/15 Annual review of Meridian Energy Limited
2014/15 Annual review of Meridian Energy Limited Report of the Commerce Committee Contents Recommendation 2 Introduction 2 Meridian s place in a competitive retail market 2 The security of supply of energy
More informationForestry in Papua New Guinea: what can be learnt from the past?
Forestry in Papua New Guinea: what can be learnt from the past? Structure of the presentation - who I am The evolution of the legal framework that governs forest use Issues associated with the customary
More informationReport of Panel 2 Sustainable growth and food security
8 th Asia-Europe Parliamentary Partnership Meeting (ASEP 8) Rome, 6-7 October 2014 Chamber of Deputies The role of Parliaments in fostering Europe-Asia dialogue, sustainable growth and stronger governance
More informationAn introduction to incentives for forest-water ecosystem services. Thomas Enters, UNEP
An introduction to incentives for forest-water ecosystem services Thomas Enters, UNEP Forest-water ecosystem services What do we know? There is a solid body of scientific information, developed over past
More informationGlobal experience of automating irrigation systems
Global experience of automating irrigation systems Sumith Choy 07 Apr 2016 Agenda 1 Irrigation 2 3 4 5 6 Automation benefits Automation enablers SCADA vs Autonomous Control Case study - On farm productivity
More informationSpanish Presidency of the European Union
PC.DEL/597/10 21 June 2010 ENGLISH only Spanish Presidency of the European Union OSCE Special Permanent Council No. 816 Vienna, 21 st June 2010 EU statement on the Western Balkans The European Union would
More informationGlobal investment in agriculture and large scale land acquisitions : Risks, opportunities and implications for rural development
Global investment in agriculture and large scale land acquisitions : Risks, opportunities and implications for rural development Presentation at MOFA (The Hague, December 16, 2009) Paul Mathieu - FAO wih
More information6 th. PwC s Hungarian CEO Survey
6 th PwC s Hungarian CEO Survey Globally in 1379 Piaci célpontok Hungary 186CEOs from 7 industries took part in the survey. Thoughts on growth, threats to growth, finding and retaining talent. Managing
More informationThematic Presentation. Climate Change Impacts on Water cycle and. Ecosystems
Thematic Presentation Climate Change Impacts on Water cycle and Ecosystems Overview Climatic change will strongly impacts surface and groundwater Quantity Seasonality Quality (aquatic ecosystems and potential
More informationSOCIETAL CHANGES AND FOREST TRANSITION:
SOCIETAL CHANGES AND FOREST TRANSITION: THE OUTLOOK FOR THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION APFSOS II Dr. C.T.S. Nair Formerly: Chief Economist, Forestry Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
More informationAdaptation to Climate Change in the Hydroelectricity Sector in Nepal
Adaptation to Climate Change in the Hydroelectricity Sector in Nepal POLICY BRIEF May 2017 Key messages Current climate and hydrological variability is a major challenge for Nepal s hydropower sector.
More informationAbstract. The renewable energy revolution
Pumped Hydro Energy Storage and the Renewable Energy Revolution Professor Andrew Blakers Australian National University Andrew.blakers@anu.edu.au Ph 02 6125 5905 September 2015 Abstract In Australia and
More informationLow Carbon Industrial Strategy: A vision
Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Department of Energy and Climate Change www.hmg.gov.uk/lowcarbon This vision is helping us to Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory
More information