LIFE SCIENCE CHAPTER 20 & 21 FLASHCARDS
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1 LIFE SCIENCE CHAPTER 20 & 21 FLASHCARDS The base of the ocean s food chains is formed by A. blue whales. B. plankton. C. coral reefs. D. sargassums. The place where the ocean meets the land is the The ocean floor, some parts of which get no sunlight, is the The area that contains the deep water of the open ocean and is where the sea floor drops sharply is the The area that has warm, sunlit water and is where the ocean floor begins to slope downward is the Many plants can grow in the littoral zone of a lake because A. sunlight reaches its bottom. B. there are no animals. C. there are no algae. D. there is both salt water and fresh water. The main food for organisms in the deep water zone is A. photosynthetic plankton. B. dead organisms from above. C. live trout. D. water lilies. Where does the open water zone of a lake end? A. where the lakeshore begins B. above the littoral zone C. beneath the deep water zone D. as deep as sunlight reaches
2 How do wetlands help replenish underground water supplies? A. The water moves deeper into the ground. B. The tree roots soak up water. C. Wetlands do not soak up spring snow melt. D. Wetlands do not feed into lakes and rivers. An ecosystem with wet soil, willow trees, and orchids is likely A. a marsh. B. a forest. C. a swamp. D. a pond. The speed of water is an important abiotic factor in a freshwater ecosystem because A. a tributary has different plants than a river. B. faster water has a higher salt content. C. animals must adapt so they are not washed away. D. animals cannot live in fast moving water. Most of the nutrients in a tropical rain forest are found in plants, so A. the rain forest soil is very rich. B. there are few animals in the rain forest. C. there are few plants on the forest floor. D. the rain forest soil is poor in nutrients. From where do plankton get food? A. small fish B. photosynthesis C. insects D. whales What may happen as sediment and decaying organisms build up in a pond? A. The pond may become a lake. B. The water may have more salt. C. More fish may live in the pond. D. The pond may become a forest. How can the littoral zone of a lake or pond be described? A. an area with no sunlight B. an area with no animal life C. an area with no plant life D. an area closest to the edge of a lake or pond Prairies, steppes, and pampas are types of A. chaparral. B. deserts. C. tundra. D. grasslands. Which of the following is a type of wetland characterized by plants hanging from tree branches? A. swamp B. estuary C. marsh D. pond
3 A major abiotic factor that affects freshwater ecosystems is A. wildlife. B. how quickly water moves. C. the amount of plankton. D. elevation. The most biologically diverse biome is the A. swamp. B. temperate grassland. C. tundra. D. tropical rain forest. What is permafrost? A. dry desert soil B. ice on the tundra C. muddy soil D. soil that is always frozen Which of the following ocean animals need warm water to live? A. whales B. animals on the ocean floor C. barnacles D. animals in coral reefs How does a swamp differ from a marsh? A. A swamp has salt water. B. A swamp has many birds. C. A swamp has trees. D. A swamp has very wet soil. Which ocean temperature zone is the warmest? A. surface zone B. deep zone C. thermocline D. littoral zone What makes it possible for many animals to live in the polar ice ecosystem? A. cold air B. floating algae C. large numbers of plankton D. coral reefs Which of the following is a biotic factor in a biome? A. kinds of birds B. types of rocks C. amount of rainfall D. bodies of water Which chemicals destroy protective ozone? A. PCBs B. radioactive wastes C. CFCs D. carbon dioxide and oxygen
4 Five major kinds of pollution are radioactive wastes, gases, noise, A. dirt, and chemicals. B. chemicals, and garbage. C. garbage, and odors. D. grime, and chemicals. If rising global temperatures melt the polar icecaps, what might happen to coastal areas? A. more clouds B. more rain C. deeper oceans D. more flooding Many scientists believe that increased global temperatures are due to A. increased carbon dioxide. B. decreased pollution. C. increased PCBs. D. decreased chemicals. Which of the following is an example of a natural source of pollution? A. a factory B. a volcano C. an automobile D. chemicals Using garbage and waste to make electricity is an example of A. resource recovery. B. electrical destruction. C. resource renewal. D. electrical reuse. Radioactive wastes are hazardous wastes that give off A. bad odors. B. radiation. C. light. D. loud, irritating sounds. Solar energy is an example of this kind of resource. A. renewable B. fossil fuel C. nonrenewable D. hazardous The number and variety of organisms in a given area at a certain time is called A. overpopulation. B. biodiversity. C. ecology. D. kingdoms. The northern snakehead fish was introduced into North America from Asia. It is an example of a(n) A. plant species. B. exotic species. C. endangered species. D. renewable species.
5 Advances in medicine and in farming have increased A. human population growth. B. renewable resources. C. biodiversity. D. exotic species. A habitat is home to many organisms, and destroying a habitat affects A. biodiversity. B. resources. C. pollution. D. weather. Which of the following is an unwanted change in the environment that is caused by harmful substances? A. conservation B. nonrenewable resources C. garbage D. pollution What is an organism s home called? A. a habitat B. a house C. an environment D. a neighborhood What are the most diverse habitats on Earth? A. tundras B. deserts C. deciduous forests D. tropical rain forests Pollution can affect humans by causing A. measles and mumps. B. colds and flu. C. mumps and cancer. D. cancer and respiratory problems. Conservation helps A. prevent habitat destruction and reduce pollution. B. prevent biodiversity and destroy habitats. C. prevent disease and increase pollution. D. end exotic species invasion and use up resources. What is an environmentally friendly way to fertilize your garden? A. use chemical fertilizers B. use organic compost C. water more often D. use solar lamps The process of recovering valuable or useful materials from waste or scrap is called A. recycling. B. rebuilding. C. renewing. D. reducing.
6 Developing alternative energy sources will reduce our need for Something that can be broken down by living organisms is Why is paper packaging better for the environment than plastic? A. cars. B. fossil fuels. C. electricity. D. habitats. A. biodegradable. B. ecological. C. economic. D. renewable. A. Paper is more expensive. B. Paper is biodegradable. C. Paper is bulky. D. Paper is smaller. In order to reduce the need for fossil fuels, scientists are studying power sources such as wind, tides, and A. natural gas. B. coal. C. propane. D. falling water. Wastewater that goes down drains can be reclaimed and used A. for drinking. B. for bathing. C. for watering crops. D. for swimming. Because conservation means using fewer natural resources and reducing wastes, it helps A. slow overpopulation and grow food. B. prevent habitat destruction and reduce pollution. C. prevent biodiversity and destroy species. D. stop exotic species and create habitats Biodiversity can be maintained by protecting Conserving wetlands and reducing deforestation will help One way to kill harmful insects while protecting beneficial insects is to use A. habitats. B. crops. C. exotic species. D. factories. A. protect habitats. B. eliminate exotic species. C. stop air pollution. D. slow overpopulation. A. spray pesticides. B. nonaerosol insecticides. C. natural pesticides. D. inexpensive pesticides.
7 The Endangered Species Act protects individual species by A. reducing biodiversity. B. forbidding harm to exotic species. C. forbidding harm to endangered species. D. developing recovery programs for exotic species. Which of the following is an important environmental strategy? A. drinking less water B. adopting stray animals C. using pesticides D. protecting habitats
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