Public Health Implication Of Household Solid Waste Management In Awka South East Nigeria.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Public Health Implication Of Household Solid Waste Management In Awka South East Nigeria."

Transcription

1 ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Public Health Volume 1 Number 1 Public Health Implication Of Household Solid Waste Management In Awka South East Nigeria. I A Modebe, U U Onyeonoro, N N Ezeama, C N Ogbuagu, N E Agam Citation I A Modebe, U U Onyeonoro, N N Ezeama, C N Ogbuagu, N E Agam. Public Health Implication Of Household Solid Waste Management In Awka South East Nigeria.. The Internet Journal of Public Health Volume 1 Number 1. Abstract Background: Solid waste management remains one of the major challenges of urbanization faced by developing countries. The sanitary state of an area is largely influenced by the waste handling practices of the residents and the measures in place for safe waste evacuation and disposal. Objective: This study was aimed at examining the waste handling practices among households in Awka, an urban area in south eastern Nigeria. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study. A total of 200 households were selected using a multi-staged random sampling technique and information was obtained from them using an interview-administered questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed and relevant proportions calculated. Results: The bulk of the solid waste generated consisted of putrescible matter and cellophane bags. 170 (85%) of the households stored their waste in a closed container outside the house. 73% of the respondents disposed their waste through the inefficient government waste management agency, 27% dumped theirs in unauthorized areas and the remainder patronized private mobile cart pushers. Majority of the respondents (87.5%) did not sort their waste prior to disposal. Despite very good knowledge of waste recycling (95%), only 35 households (17.5%) practiced it. More than half of the respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the level of government involvement in waste management and wished it could do more. Conclusion: There is a need for greater government involvement, community participation and orientation with private sector involvement in waste management in Awka with a view to building capacity for effective delivery of waste management services and ultimately improve the sanitary state of the city thereby reducing preventable disease burden on the populace. INTRODUCTION Household solid waste is one of the most difficult sources of solid waste to manage because of its diverse range of composite materials1. A substantial portion is made up of garbage, a term for the waste matter that arises from the preparation, and consumption of food and consists of waste food, vegetable peelings and other organic matter2. Other components of household solid waste include plastics, paper, glass, textiles, cellophane, metals and some hazardous waste from household products such as paint, garden pesticides, pharmaceuticals, fluorescent tubes, personal care products, batteries containing heavy metals and discarded wood 3 treated with dangerous substances such as anti-fungal and anti-termite chemicals. Poor waste handling practices and inadequate provision of solid waste management facilities in cities of developing countries results in indiscriminate disposal and unsanitary environments that pose a threat to the health of urban residents4. Improper handling, storage and disposal of wastes are major causes of environmental pollution, which provides breeding grounds for pathogenic organisms and encourages the spread of infectious diseases. For instance in Accra, Ghana, the presence of houseflies in the kitchen during cooking correlated with the incidence of childhood diarrhoea. In addition, an association was found between waste burning and the incidence of respiratory health symptoms among adults and children4. Ensuring that waste generated in the home is properly stored and promptly picked up for proper disposal will help in reducing the incidence of infectious diseases in our urban areas. Identifying areas of deficiency and planning strategies at addressing these deficiencies will help achieve sound environmental health. The study was aimed to ascertain the waste handling knowledge, attitude and practices among households in Awka, Nigeria, with a view to identifying such areas of deficiency and recommending appropriate interventions. 1 of 6

2 METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. A sample size of 200 households was obtained using a multi-staged random sampling technique from among households in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. Awka is divided into two zones by the Anambra State Environmental Protection Agency (ANSEPA) and each zone comprises sixteen villages. Four villages were randomly selected for the study, two from each zone. In each village, four areas were randomly selected and 50 households were selected by cluster sampling from each area giving a total of 200 households. The tool employed was an interviewer-administered questionnaire which was pretested for comprehensibility, language appropriateness and average duration for administration. Verbal consent was obtained from each respondent before the questionnaire was administered. Respondents were individuals identified as leaders in the households. served with door-to-door collection of their waste by ANSEPA while 137 were able to take theirs to the ANSEPA truck/tipper as it moved around their neighbourhood. 39 households disposed of their waste at community dump sites. The others disposed of theirs on the streets, in the gutters and other waterways especially when it rained (Table 6). This study showed that majority of the respondents (95%) had knowledge of recycling of waste. Plastic was the bestknown recyclable material among the respondents (59%) followed by paper (21.5%), and glass (13.5%). Most of the households did not recycle their solid waste (75%), others deposited theirs in recycling cages (12.6%), sold their plastic containers, empty bottles and scrap metal (3.5%) or gave them to the poor (1.5%). The SPSS 11.0 for windows5 was used for data entry. Frequency distribution tables and charts were generated for the variables. 55.5% of the respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the disposal of their solid waste by ANSEPA while 42.5% thought ANSEPA was doing a good job. Suggestions on ways to improve solid waste management included payment of fines for indiscriminate disposal (63%), payment of fees for collection by ANSEPA (49%), and massive educational campaigns (4%) (Table 7). RESULTS Figure 1 Of the 200 households, 144 resided in 3-bedroom quarters either flats or bungalows, 31 in single room apartments, 18 in two rooms while the remaining 7 households lived in houses that had more than three rooms (Table1). 112 of the households were made up of 5-6 persons (56%), followed by a family size of 3-4 persons in 40 of the households (20%) (Table 2). Figure 2 The commonest type of waste generated was garbage (100%), followed by cellophane bags (99%), plastics and paper (59%). Less than half of the respondents (43.5%) agreed to generating glass and metal (Table 3). 194 of the households owned a receptacle for storing their solid waste (97%) (Table 4) of which 158 (81.5%) preferred plastic bins, 21 (10.8%) metal bins while 15 (7.8%) used cellophane bags (Table 5). Further evaluation showed that 83.5% covered their waste bin while 13.5% did not and that most kept the bin or bag outside the house while only 8% kept theirs inside in the kitchen. Most of the households (87.5%) did not sort their solid waste prior to disposal. Furthermore, only 9 households were 2 of 6 Table 1. Number of rooms shared by members of households Fig 1.Number of rooms shared by members of households

3 Figure 3 Figure 7 Table 2. Number of persons in a household Table 4. Ownership of solid waste storage container Figure 4 Figure 2 Figure 8 Figure 4 Figure 9 Table 5. Type of storage container used Figure 5 Table 3. Type of solid waste generated Figure 10 Table 6. Household solid waste collection and disposal Figure 6 Figure 3 Figure 11 Table 7. Suggestions by respondents on ways to improve solid waste management 3 of 6

4 Figure 12 Figure 14 Figure 6: Indiscriminate disposal of waste during rainy season into the gutter. Picture Courtesy of Dr Ogbuagu C. N (2010). Figure 8: Waste dumped in a gutter. Picture Courtesy of Dr Ogbuagu C. N (2010). DISCUSSION Figure 13 Figure 7: Waste dumping site near an uncompleted building. Picture Courtesy of Dr Ogbuagu C. N (2010). In this study, more than half of the households (56%) were made up of large families of 5-6 persons while 16% had family sizes of more than 7 persons. This may suggest that the larger a household, the more solid waste is generated. Putrescible matter constituted the bulk of the household waste generated by the respondents while glass and metals (cans, bottle corks e.t.c.) formed the smallest portion. This 6 result is similar to that found in Markudi another rapidly growing urban area in Nigeria. A similar trend was also reported in Gaborone, Botswana whereby the putrescible waste fraction constituted the highest proportion of the waste stream at approximately 68%. This study showed that majority of the households (83.5%) stored their waste in closed containers. In Accra, Ghana however, majority of the households stored their waste in open containers and plastic bags in the home7. Furthermore, in Accra it was found that over 80% of the population does not have home collection services7. In contrast, in this study 72% had home collection service of which only 4.5% had the environmental agency actually pick up their waste at their door while 68.5% went out to the truck or tipper to dump theirs. Reasons for these findings may include lack of motivation on the part of environmental workers, inadequate manpower and financial support and lack of involvement of the private sector in waste management. Many of the households disposed of their waste at communal dump sites, on the streets, in the gutters and other waterways and drains. This is worrisome as the communal dump sites encourage proliferation of houseflies, mosquitoes, rats and other vermin and aid in the spread of 4 of 6

5 infectious diseases with a serious public health concern. In addition, they give off bad smells and generally constitute a nuisance to the environment. Dumping of waste in the gutters and drains causes flooding by blocking water routes especially in the rainy season. Efforts directed at mass health education campaigns on the harmful effects of indiscriminate disposal of waste and the provision of adequate home collection services by both the public and private sectors should correct these problems. An impressive finding in this study was the knowledge of recycling of waste. An overwhelming majority of the respondents (95%) had knowledge of recycling and were able to mention recyclable material. Plastic was best known to them (59%), followed by paper (21.5%), and glass (13.5%). Despite this knowledge, 75% of the households did not reuse or recycle their solid waste and few (13.5%) among those who recycled derived some financial benefit from it by selling to scavengers. This pattern is likely to be the reason why most of the households did not sort and separate their waste prior to disposal. It may be due to poor knowledge of the benefits of recycling such as resource conservation, savings in waste management costs and landfill avoidance costs8. These savings are increased if individual households separate at source their recyclables 8 which are bought by scavengers. The data showed that more than half of the respondents were dissatisfied with the management capabilities of the existing waste management system. Some of the suggestions by the respondents on ways to improve waste management are factors that should be examined. In addition, involvement of the private sector in waste management may also help. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated that information on the hazards of improper solid waste management and the services provided for disposal in Awka are likely to be inadequate as 5 of 6 shown by the ways the households disposed of their solid waste. Combined with these is the poor recycling culture of Awka residents. Strategies to improve household solid waste management in Awka must take into consideration these identified deficiencies with a view to increasing knowledge of the health and environmental implications of solid waste management amongst the populace, encouraging community participation in waste management whereby the community have a sense of responsibility towards their health and environment, improving government involvement through provision of adequate money, materials and manpower, and creating an enabling environment for private investment in solid waste management including recycling activities. Steps taken in these directions should help achieve safe sanitary conditions in Awka and reduce preventable public health diseases. References 1. Huntley S. Recycling household wastes: Composition Collection and Public participation. Accessed in July 2010: 2. Slack R.J. Gronow JR, Voulvoulis N. Household hazardous waste in municipal landfill; contaminants in leachate. Science Total Environment: 337(1-3): , White P.R, Franke M, Hindle. Integrated Solid Waste management : A lifecycle inventory. Blackie Academic and professional chapmans Hall London, Owaduge S. Solid Waste Management in Lokoja metropolis. Accessed online July Statistical Package for Social Sciences version Sha ato R, Aboho SY, Oketunde FO, Eneji DI, Unazi G, Agwa S. Survey of solid waste generation and composition in a rapidly growing urban area in central Nigeria. Accessed online July Boadi KO, Kuitunem M. Environmental and health impact of household solid waste handling and disposal practices in third world cities: the case of the Accra Metropolitan Area, Ghana. Journal of Environ.Health. 68(4):32-36, Murad MW, Siwar C. Waste management and recycling practices of the urban poor: a case study in Kuala Lumpur city Malaysia. Waste Manag Res. 25(1);

6 Author Information Ifeoma A Modebe Department of Community Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Uzochukwu U. Onyeonoro Department of Community Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nkiru N. Ezeama Department of Community Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Chukwuanugo N. Ogbuagu Accident and Emergency Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Ngozi E. Agam Department of Pediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital 6 of 6

Technologies for Waste Management/Infrastructure Agra (India)

Technologies for Waste Management/Infrastructure Agra (India) Technologies for Waste Management/Infrastructure Agra (India) 1. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT A typical waste management system in Agra is similar to any other medium city in India and has following major steps:

More information

Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges in Cambodia

Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges in Cambodia The Second Meeting of the Regional 3R Forum in Asia 4-6 October 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges in Cambodia Prepare by: Cambodian Participants Ministry

More information

10.0 DISPOSAL OF FARM WASTE

10.0 DISPOSAL OF FARM WASTE DISPOSAL OF FARM WASTE 10.1 Disposal of Dead Animals 10.1.1 Managing dead animal disposal 10.2 Disposal of Veterinary Waste 10.3 Pesticides 10.2.1 Sharps 10.2.2 Medicine disposal 10.3.1 Pesticide disposal

More information

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL A BURNING PROBLEM TO BE RESOLVED

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL A BURNING PROBLEM TO BE RESOLVED SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL A BURNING PROBLEM TO BE RESOLVED A. Introduction The disposal of solid waste is a problem. This problem continues to grow with the growth of population and development of industries.

More information

Module 2.1 Pollution Prevention

Module 2.1 Pollution Prevention CURRENT SOLID WASTE STREAM IN U.S. Module 2.1 Pollution Prevention Pollution Prevention for Solid Waste In 1960, the solid waste stream in the U.S. totaled 88.1 million tons, about 2.7 pounds per person

More information

Residual Waste and Recycling Composition Analysis From Flats. Barnet Borough Council. November April 2015 DRAFT REPORT

Residual Waste and Recycling Composition Analysis From Flats. Barnet Borough Council. November April 2015 DRAFT REPORT Residual Waste and Recycling Composition Analysis From Flats Barnet Borough Council November 2014 - April 2015 DRAFT REPORT - 1 - Contents Page 1) Project details and acknowledgements... - 3-2) Introduction...

More information

Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies,SCTIMST

Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies,SCTIMST Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies,SCTIMST What is solid waste? Solid Waste Management in Emergencies for Camps Solid waste, here means general domestic garbage such as food waste, ash and

More information

SUNYA - Towards Zero Waste Initiative of Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation

SUNYA - Towards Zero Waste Initiative of Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation SUNYA - Towards Zero Waste Initiative of Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation Rajasthan Mayors Conference, Udaipur, April 27, 2016 Amar Deep Singh, CUTS SUNYA PROJECT Ward 23 has been selected as Model

More information

MUNICIPALITY OF BUJUMBURA (SERVICES TECHNIQUES MUNICIPAUX «S E T E M U»)

MUNICIPALITY OF BUJUMBURA (SERVICES TECHNIQUES MUNICIPAUX «S E T E M U») MUNICIPALITY OF BUJUMBURA (SERVICES TECHNIQUES MUNICIPAUX «S E T E M U») Technical Director of SETEMU Ing. SAIDI JUMA PRESENTATION OUTLINE Introduction Solid waste Management in Burundi Composition and

More information

Solid waste management in Jijiga, Somali Region

Solid waste management in Jijiga, Somali Region Solid waste management in Jijiga, Somali Region Baseline survey factsheet In January 2016, a baseline survey for the ONE WASH Plus programme was undertaken in Jijiga, Somali Region. This factsheet presents

More information

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SURABAYA. Solid Waste Management Seminar Kitakyushu, September 19-20, 2002

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SURABAYA. Solid Waste Management Seminar Kitakyushu, September 19-20, 2002 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SURABAYA Solid Waste Management Seminar Kitakyushu, September 19-20, 2002 1. General Figures of Surabaya Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia. The area is about 290

More information

Waste Management Policy

Waste Management Policy Waste Management Policy Contents 1. Introduction 2. Policy Statement 3. Policy Objectives 4. Application 5. Organisation and Management 6. Glossary of Terms Document Control Information: Last updated on:

More information

Solid Waste Problem and Waste Characterization in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Solid Waste Problem and Waste Characterization in Phnom Penh, Cambodia Solid Waste Problem and Waste Characterization in Phnom Penh, Cambodia *Takeshi Fujiwara 1), Yim Mongtoeun 2), and Sour Sethy 3) 1) Waste Management Research Center, Okayama University 2) Graduate School

More information

Solid Waste Management

Solid Waste Management Chapter 1 Solid Waste A brief history of waste and landfills When the majority of people lived in rural areas, their waste, which consisted almost entirely of organic materials derived from plants, humans,

More information

CHAPTER 105 SOLID WASTE CONTROL

CHAPTER 105 SOLID WASTE CONTROL 105.01 Purpose 105.08 Open Dumping Prohibited 105.02 Definitions 105.09 Toxic and Hazardous Waste 105.03 Sanitary Disposal Required 105.10 Waste Storage Containers 105.04 (Repealed by Ordinance No. 645)

More information

The Polish National Waste Management Plan 2014

The Polish National Waste Management Plan 2014 1. Introduction... 21 2. Identification of problems in waste management... 22 3. Adopted aims in waste management... 23 4. Lines of action for waste prevention and shaping of waste management system...

More information

Environmental Public Health Overview

Environmental Public Health Overview Environmental Public Health Overview Conditions in the environment, both natural and human-built, can affect a person s ability to achieve and maintain good health. An Environmental Public Health Program

More information

Outline of the subject (2 weeks)

Outline of the subject (2 weeks) Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing Asian countries -1 Janya Sang-Arun, PhD Sustainable Consumption and Production Group Institute for Global Environmental Strategies 1 Outline of the subject

More information

DECENTRALIZED INTEGRATED ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR URBAN AREAS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD

DECENTRALIZED INTEGRATED ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR URBAN AREAS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD DECENTRALIZED INTEGRATED ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR URBAN AREAS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD Priyadarshini Karve Samuchit Enviro Tech Pvt Ltd, 6, Ekta Park, Law College Road, Pune 411004, India e-mail: pkarve@samuchit.com

More information

Solid Waste Management: The Case of Bangkok. Department of Environment Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

Solid Waste Management: The Case of Bangkok. Department of Environment Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Thailand Country Report Solid Waste Management: The Case of Bangkok Department of Environment Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Thailand The Land of Smile Location of Thailand Geographic and Social Indicator

More information

TA KHMAO SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BASELINE SURVEY

TA KHMAO SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BASELINE SURVEY TA KHMAO SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BASELINE SURVEY DISCLAIMER This publication has been issued without formal editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do

More information

The implementation of SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT : The SAN FRANCISCO experience

The implementation of SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT : The SAN FRANCISCO experience The implementation of SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT : The SAN FRANCISCO experience San Philippine situationer The accumulation of waste has been a constant problem in the Philippines due to following: a. over-increasing

More information

Improving Sanitation in Poor Urban Areas: The Role of Non-State Actors in the Sanitation Service Delivery in Ashaiman Municipality, Ghana

Improving Sanitation in Poor Urban Areas: The Role of Non-State Actors in the Sanitation Service Delivery in Ashaiman Municipality, Ghana Improving Sanitation in Poor Urban Areas: The Role of Non-State Actors in the Sanitation Service Delivery in Ashaiman Municipality, Ghana 2. Author: Abena Korang Acheampong Abaitey (Mrs.) 3. Abstract This

More information

WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK

WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK 1. OUR APPROACH 2. DANISH WASTE POLICY 3. COLLECTION AND SORTING 4. PRE-TREATMENT AND RECYCLING 5. ORGANIC WASTE 6. NON-RECYCLABLES 1The

More information

Technology for Waste Management/Infrastructure Chiang Mai (Thailand)

Technology for Waste Management/Infrastructure Chiang Mai (Thailand) Technology for Waste Management/Infrastructure Chiang Mai (Thailand) 1.1 Introduction Chiang Mai province has long been suffered from solid waste management problem due to increasing population as well

More information

WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK

WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK WASTE IS VALUE SUSTAINABLE WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DENMARK 1. OUR APPROACH 2. DANISH WASTE POLICY 3. COLLECTION AND SORTING 4. PRE-TREATMENT AND RECYCLING 5. ORGANIC WASTE 6. NON-RECYCLABLES 1The

More information

LANDFILLS. What is a Landfill? OBJECTIVES: Students will understand what a landfill is.

LANDFILLS. What is a Landfill? OBJECTIVES: Students will understand what a landfill is. LANDFILLS What is a Landfill? New Zealand s Rubbish Heap.. OBJECTIVES: Students will understand what a landfill is. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: New Zealanders produce an estimated 2.5kg of waste per day. Landfilling

More information

Session Waste 8: Waste statistics

Session Waste 8: Waste statistics Session Waste 8: Waste statistics statistics Reena Shah United Nations Statistics Division Workshop on Environment Statistics (Abuja, Nigeria, 19-23 May 2008) Waste Statistics 1. Environmental Impact of

More information

towards ZERO Information to assist in planning for a zero waste future

towards ZERO Information to assist in planning for a zero waste future towards ZERO WASTE Information to assist in planning for a zero waste future Context / Introduction This booklet is for Council, residents, not-for-profits, businesses, community groups, charities, students,

More information

modern lifestyle and food habit, increase in municipal solid waste. Characteristics of municipal solid waste

modern lifestyle and food habit, increase in municipal solid waste. Characteristics of municipal solid waste Solid Waste Management Maaz Allah Khan 1, Mohd Zafar Siddiqi 2, Mohd Waqar Waseem 3, Nizamuddeen 4 Abstract: Solid management is one of the basic essential services provided by municipal authorities, NGO,private

More information

Waste & Recycling Services Outlook for 2018 to 2025

Waste & Recycling Services Outlook for 2018 to 2025 2018 April 18 Page 1 of 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides an outlook on what Waste & Recycling Services (WRS) is focusing on over the period of 2018 to 2025, while working towards the target of

More information

APPENDIX 5: OPEN DUMP AND LANDFILL ISSUES

APPENDIX 5: OPEN DUMP AND LANDFILL ISSUES TOP TEN WAYS TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL & HEALTH RISKS RELATED TO SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL 1. COMMUNITY EDUCATION. Changes people s risky behavior like scavenging, burning plastics, dumping batteries, and dumping

More information

LESSON OVERVIEW LEARNING INTENTIONS RESOURCES. MACROC Lesson Plan Waste Sort.

LESSON OVERVIEW LEARNING INTENTIONS RESOURCES. MACROC Lesson Plan Waste Sort. MACROC Lesson Plan Waste Sort LESSON OVERVIEW In this lesson students will investigate what happens to household waste and recyclables after it has been collected. The lesson will focus on the waste pyramid

More information

56% 94% OF NON-COMPLIANT BUSINESSES ARE SMES (UNDER 250 STAFF) waste. place A SIMPLE GUIDE TO DUTY OF CARE ARE YOU COMPLIANT? 90% right.

56% 94% OF NON-COMPLIANT BUSINESSES ARE SMES (UNDER 250 STAFF) waste. place A SIMPLE GUIDE TO DUTY OF CARE ARE YOU COMPLIANT? 90% right. FOR YOUR ARE YOU COMPLIANT? This guide will help you with your duty of care 56% OF UK COMPANIES ARE NOT FULLY COMPLYING WITH DUTY AND RELATED REGULATIONS 90% OF NON-COMPLIANT BUSINESSES, WHEN INFORMED

More information

Managing Domestic Hazardous Waste

Managing Domestic Hazardous Waste Managing Domestic Hazardous Waste What is the issue? Beyond the conventional wet and dry waste management, it is now time that domestic hazardous waste is given enough attention too. What is domestic hazardous

More information

Country Analysis Paper. < Lao PDR>

Country Analysis Paper. < Lao PDR> Fourth Regional 3R Forum in Asia 3Rs in the Context of Rio+20 Outcomes The Future We Want Ha Noi, Viet Nam, 18-20 March 2013 Country Analysis Paper (Draft) < Lao PDR> -------------------------------------

More information

INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT. APPROACH AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ROMANIA. Silvian IONESCU 1

INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT. APPROACH AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ROMANIA. Silvian IONESCU 1 INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT. APPROACH AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ROMANIA Silvian IONESCU 1 ABSTRACT Waste management has become particularly important in the analysis of the sustainable development of any territory,

More information

10 th ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMNET CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION WASTE TO OPPORTUNITIES. 19 TH July 2012 SIME DARBY CONVENTION CENTRE KUALA LUMPUR

10 th ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMNET CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION WASTE TO OPPORTUNITIES. 19 TH July 2012 SIME DARBY CONVENTION CENTRE KUALA LUMPUR 10 th ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMNET CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION WASTE TO OPPORTUNITIES 19 TH July 2012 SIME DARBY CONVENTION CENTRE KUALA LUMPUR Quantity (MT) HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW IN MALAYSIA 3,500,000

More information

Case study on the recent solid waste management scenario in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh

Case study on the recent solid waste management scenario in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh American Journal of Environmental Protection 2013; 2(2): 58-63 Published online May 30, 2013 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajep) doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20130202.15 Case study on the recent solid

More information

UNHCR WASH PRIMER QUESTIONS FOR KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS AND FOCUS GROUPS

UNHCR WASH PRIMER QUESTIONS FOR KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS AND FOCUS GROUPS UNHCR WASH PRIMER QUESTIONS FOR KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS AND FOCUS GROUPS This assessment tool has been designed to assist UNHCR field staff and their partners collect data related to WASH conditions.

More information

3000 BC - In the Cretan capital, Knossos, the first recorded landfill sites were

3000 BC - In the Cretan capital, Knossos, the first recorded landfill sites were RUBBISH TIMELINE APPENDIX 1 3000 BC - In the Cretan capital, Knossos, the first recorded landfill sites were created where waste was placed in large pits and covered with earth at various levels. 2000

More information

LABORATORY 8: WASTE AND RECYCLING AT PLU Due November 7 th or 9 th

LABORATORY 8: WASTE AND RECYCLING AT PLU Due November 7 th or 9 th Conservation Fall 2011 Name: Lab Day (circle one): Monday Wednesday Purpose: LABORATORY 8: WASTE AND RECYCLING AT PLU Due November 7 th or 9 th Human civilization generates a large amount of waste. As

More information

KNOW YOUR WASTE LEAFLET ON WASTE REDUCTION FOR CHILDREN

KNOW YOUR WASTE LEAFLET ON WASTE REDUCTION FOR CHILDREN KNOW YOUR WASTE LEAFLET ON WASTE REDUCTION FOR CHILDREN The sad situation of today is that our waste bins are getting bigger and bigger as we produce more and more waste. It can be found everywhere: in

More information

BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT- CHALLENGES IN INDIA

BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT- CHALLENGES IN INDIA BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT- CHALLENGES IN INDIA Hemant Chhetri, Student of MBA(HM), College of Hospital Administration, TMU, Moradabad Email:-chhetrihemn1@gmail.com Add : CRPF housing society A/15 H/No.,

More information

Second Meeting of the Regional 3R Forum in Asia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Solid Waste Management in Lao PDR. 6 October, 2010

Second Meeting of the Regional 3R Forum in Asia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Solid Waste Management in Lao PDR. 6 October, 2010 Second Meeting of the Regional 3R Forum in Asia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4-64 6 October, 2010 Solid Waste Management in Lao PDR Presented by: Dr. Bounleuam SISOULATH, Chairman of Council of Sciences and

More information

3R approach towards bio-medical waste management

3R approach towards bio-medical waste management 3R approach towards bio-medical waste management 7 th IconSWM Conference 15-17 December 2017, Hyderabad, India Anupam Khajuria Researcher United Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD), Japan 1

More information

ASSESSMENT OF THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF BAHIR DAR TOWN AND THE GAPS ISWM PLAN IDENTIFIED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN.

ASSESSMENT OF THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF BAHIR DAR TOWN AND THE GAPS ISWM PLAN IDENTIFIED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN. SYSTEM OF BAHIR DAR TOWN AND THE GAPS IDENTIFIED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ISWM PLAN Forum for Environment 0 P a g e Forum for Environment in collaboration with Bahir Dar City Administration Dream Light

More information

PERSPECTIVE OF SOLID WASTE COLLECTION IN THE CITY OF KIGALI

PERSPECTIVE OF SOLID WASTE COLLECTION IN THE CITY OF KIGALI AFRICA ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (AEC) 2017 PERSPECTIVE OF SOLID WASTE COLLECTION IN THE CITY OF KIGALI BY TWAGIRA Elias (PhD), Pr. Eng. BARISANGA Fabrice (MSc.) Pr. Eng NDAYISABA Cyprien (Msc). Environment

More information

Solid Waste Management in Itahari Municipality

Solid Waste Management in Itahari Municipality Solid Waste Management in Nepalese Municipalities 26 Solid Waste Management in Itahari Municipality His Majesty's Government Ministry of Local Development Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilisation

More information

Chapter - VII SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Chapter - VII SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Chapter - VII SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Waste management is a critical problem for the local self governments. The unscientific method of dumping waste in open space creates several environmental as well

More information

Why Plan? Why we need to plan:

Why Plan? Why we need to plan: Welcome! We need to hear from you. Please enjoy a walk through our displays and feel free to ask questions. Use your dots red, yellow and green to indicate your level of support for various programs. Select

More information

Solid Waste Management in Birgunj Sub-Metropolitan City

Solid Waste Management in Birgunj Sub-Metropolitan City Solid Waste Management in Nepalese Municipalities 11 Solid Waste Management in Birgunj Sub-Metropolitan City His Majesty's Government Ministry of Local Development Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilisation

More information

2 nd Technical Working Group for Solid Waste Management. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Keita Saito

2 nd Technical Working Group for Solid Waste Management. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Keita Saito 2 nd Technical Working Group for Solid Waste Management Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Keita Saito Contents 1. Current situations 2. Demand and Gap analysis 3. Development policy 4. Priority project 1. Current

More information

Phares P. Parayno 1 and N.D. Trang 2

Phares P. Parayno 1 and N.D. Trang 2 THE EFFECTS OF LOCAL CULTURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES ON THE STRUCTURE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF THE PHILIPPINES AND VIETNAM Phares P. Parayno 1 and N.D. Trang

More information

WASTE. Waste Generation has Increased Since Our Great Grandparent s Day

WASTE. Waste Generation has Increased Since Our Great Grandparent s Day WASTE Waste Generation has Increased Since Our Great Grandparent s Day OBJECTIVES: BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Students will begin to understand that our society has experienced cultural changes which affect

More information

Solid Waste Management in Butwal Municipality

Solid Waste Management in Butwal Municipality Solid Waste Management in Nepalese Municipalities 12 Solid Waste Management in Butwal Municipality His Majesty's Government Ministry of Local Development Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilisation

More information

APPENDIX A. Glossary Of Terms

APPENDIX A. Glossary Of Terms APPENDIX A Glossary Of Terms Glossary Of Terms Aerated Systems: controlled composting systems with optimum aeration conditions ensuring aerobic conditions exist for decomposition of biowaste. Anaerobic

More information

Characterization of Commercial Solid Waste in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria

Characterization of Commercial Solid Waste in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 3(5):834-838 Scholarlink Research Institute Journals, 2012 (ISSN: 2141-7016) jeteas.scholarlinkresearch.org Characterization of Commercial

More information

Nicosia Municipality Waste Management Practices and Policies. Nicosia 23 October 2016

Nicosia Municipality Waste Management Practices and Policies. Nicosia 23 October 2016 Nicosia Municipality Waste Management Practices and Policies Nicosia 23 October 2016 1 Michael Lagos Municipal Health Inspector Head of Nicosia Municipality Cleaning and Health Department 2 Task of the

More information

Health Care Waste Management - To Reduce the Burden of Disease, Health- Care Waste Needs Sound Management, Including Alternatives to Incineration

Health Care Waste Management - To Reduce the Burden of Disease, Health- Care Waste Needs Sound Management, Including Alternatives to Incineration Health Care Waste Management - To Reduce the Burden of Disease, Health- Care Waste Needs Sound Management, Including Alternatives to Incineration Fact Sheet No. 281 August 2004 In the last few years there

More information

The Three R's Adapted from Municipal Solid Waste Management: Source Reduction Teacher' Guide

The Three R's Adapted from Municipal Solid Waste Management: Source Reduction Teacher' Guide The Three R's Adapted from Municipal Solid Waste Management: Source Reduction Teacher' Guide Overview Students distinguish between trash, garbage, and litter. They first pick up the litter on the school

More information

Be Mindful Where You Put Your Trash. A short guide to the causes, effects, and prevention of illegal dumping in Capitol Heights

Be Mindful Where You Put Your Trash. A short guide to the causes, effects, and prevention of illegal dumping in Capitol Heights Be Mindful Where You Put Your Trash A short guide to the causes, effects, and prevention of illegal dumping in Capitol Heights Clean Water Fund National nonprofit organization working to protect our environment,

More information

CHAPTER-VI SLUMS AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF SLUM DWELLERS IN THE URBAN AREAS OF BELGAUM CITY

CHAPTER-VI SLUMS AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF SLUM DWELLERS IN THE URBAN AREAS OF BELGAUM CITY CHAPTER-VI SLUMS AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF SLUM DWELLERS IN THE URBAN AREAS OF BELGAUM CITY 6.1. INTRODUCTION The highly unhygienic living conditions in slum areas of urban cities have led to serious health

More information

Characterisation of Domestic Solid Waste for the Determination of Waste Management Option in Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Characterisation of Domestic Solid Waste for the Determination of Waste Management Option in Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria JASEM ISSN 1119-8362 All rights reserved Full-text Available Online at www.ajol.info and www.bioline.org.br/ja J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. June 2014 Vol. 18 (2) 211-215 Characterisation of Domestic

More information

Title 10 Public Health and Welfare Chapter 8 Solid Waste

Title 10 Public Health and Welfare Chapter 8 Solid Waste Title 10 Public Health and Welfare Chapter 8 Solid Waste Sec. 10-08.010 Definitions 10-08.020 Illegal Dumping 10-08.030 Sanitary Storage 10-08.040 Storage Containers Standards 10-08.050 Sufficient Storage

More information

Waste Management in Bermuda

Waste Management in Bermuda Waste Management in Bermuda 25 August 2009 Martin Edelenbos P.Eng. Manager Waste Management 1 Today s Presentation Overview of waste management organization Functions; what we do Integrated Waste Management;

More information

City of Edmonton Waste Services Public Engagement Non-residential Online Survey

City of Edmonton Waste Services Public Engagement Non-residential Online Survey Non-Residential Stakeholder Survey City of Edmonton Waste Services Public Engagement Non-residential Online Survey This survey is for owners and managers of businesses, including commercial retailers,

More information

Waste Management Challenges in Sustainable Development of Islands.

Waste Management Challenges in Sustainable Development of Islands. CONTACT Waste Management Challenges in Sustainable Development of Islands. Agamuthu Pariatamby and Nagendran Periaiah Agamuthu P. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,

More information

unpackaging extended producer responsibility

unpackaging extended producer responsibility unpackaging extended producer responsibility Achieving a circular economy in the United Kingdom through a world-leading producer-responsibility system for products and packaging What is extended producer

More information

Guidelines Prohibiting the Use of Plastic Bags and Styrofoam by Retail Establishments in the Subic Bay Freeport Zone and Prescribing Penalties Thereof

Guidelines Prohibiting the Use of Plastic Bags and Styrofoam by Retail Establishments in the Subic Bay Freeport Zone and Prescribing Penalties Thereof Guidelines Prohibiting the Use of Plastic Bags and Styrofoam by Retail Establishments in the Subic Bay Freeport Zone and Prescribing Penalties Thereof Section 1. Rationale Plastic bags and styrofoam are

More information

Senate Environment and Natural Resources February 16, 2017

Senate Environment and Natural Resources February 16, 2017 SB 199: Product Stewardship for Household Hazardous Waste Senate Environment and Natural Resources February 16, 2017 SB 199 Product Stewardship for Household Hazardous Waste What is Household Hazardous

More information

House Committee on Energy and the Environment April 10, 2017

House Committee on Energy and the Environment April 10, 2017 HB 3105: Product Stewardship for Household Hazardous Waste House Committee on Energy and the Environment April 10, 2017 HB 3105 Product Stewardship for Household Hazardous Waste What is Household Hazardous

More information

TRASH Waste Management in Developing Countries

TRASH Waste Management in Developing Countries TRASH Waste Management in Developing Countries Policy Brief Emily Walling, Alissa Walston, Emily Warren, Brian Warshay, and Erica Wilhelm Overview What s the problem with Municipal Solid Waste? Environmental

More information

Improving the Management of Waste and Generating Revenue. Aravind Eye Care Hospitals, Pondicherry

Improving the Management of Waste and Generating Revenue. Aravind Eye Care Hospitals, Pondicherry GGHH Agenda Goals Waste Improving the Management of Waste and Generating Revenue Aravind Eye Care Hospitals, Pondicherry Hospital Goal Safe treatment and disposal of waste Diverting waste from landfill

More information

CHAPTER 4. Solid Waste Management

CHAPTER 4. Solid Waste Management CHAPTER 4 Solid Waste Management 8-4-1 Declaration of Policy 8-4-2 Interpretation 8-4-3 Definitions 8-4-4 Solid Waste Storage, Collection, Care. 8-4-5 Preparation and Disposal of Recyclable Materials 8-4-6

More information

Preserving the Environment

Preserving the Environment Preserving the Environment About Landscape Solutions Landscape Solutions (Pty) Ltd was established in 2000 and has over the years evolved to become one of the largest and most specialized Landscaping services,

More information

ORDINANCE NO.:

ORDINANCE NO.: ORDINANCE NO.: 2009-046 Amending the 1998 Code of Ordinances of the City of Columbia, South Carolina, Chapter 19, Solid Waste Management, Article II, Collection and Disposal, Sec. 19-31 Definitions, Bulk

More information

Hub for End of Life Vehicle recycling in the Informal Sector the Suame Magazine in Kumasi

Hub for End of Life Vehicle recycling in the Informal Sector the Suame Magazine in Kumasi Hub for End of Life Vehicle recycling in the Informal Sector the Suame Magazine in Kumasi Kyere Vincent Nartey (PhD) A presentation at WACEE Conference kyerevincent@gmail.com Accra, 14th September, 2015

More information

Garth Hill College WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY

Garth Hill College WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY Garth Hill College WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY (Bracknell Forest Council Policy) Policy Owner: Site Manager Amended: No changes Ratified by Environment Committee: 18-03-2015 Recorded by Board of Governors:

More information

IMPACT OF FAMILY INCOME AND SIZE ON PER CAPITA SOLID WASTE GENERATION: A CASE STUDY IN MANMUNAI NORTH DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT DIVISION OF BATTICALOA

IMPACT OF FAMILY INCOME AND SIZE ON PER CAPITA SOLID WASTE GENERATION: A CASE STUDY IN MANMUNAI NORTH DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT DIVISION OF BATTICALOA J Sci.Univ.Kelaniya 5 (2010) : 13-23 IMPACT OF FAMILY INCOME AND SIZE ON PER CAPITA SOLID WASTE GENERATION: A CASE STUDY IN MANMUNAI NORTH DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT DIVISION OF BATTICALOA K. SIVAKUMAR 1 AND

More information

Conclusion & Recommendation

Conclusion & Recommendation 14 th Chapter Conclusion & Recommendation 14.0 Introduction This research responds to the need for an assessment of Solid Waste Management in Bilaspur City. The objectives of this research were: 1) to

More information

Part 1 Educational, Environmental and Economic Benefits

Part 1 Educational, Environmental and Economic Benefits Part 1 Educational, Environmental and Economic Benefits Educational Benefits Educational Benefits Role of schools teach and demonstrate: The world around them Earth s natural resources Schools are a good

More information

WATER PROTECTION: DOWN THE SEWER

WATER PROTECTION: DOWN THE SEWER ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION: This activity introduces students to the idea that many household chemicals are classified as hazardous waste. It also informs students that the water and other substances/items that

More information

EU Green Capital Competition 2015

EU Green Capital Competition 2015 EU Green Capital Competition 2015 Section 7 Waste Production & Management chapter 7A. The present situation in relation to waste production and management Bristol leads in the UK on waste reduction and

More information

Supermarkets launch eco-friendly plastic milk bags. Could this be the end of the milk bottle?

Supermarkets launch eco-friendly plastic milk bags. Could this be the end of the milk bottle? Q1. Read the article and then answer the questions. Supermarkets launch eco-friendly plastic milk bags. Could this be the end of the milk bottle? Milk bottles are made from glass or from plastic. Glass

More information

DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING

DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING Waste Management Plan This document will assist those people involved in the construction industry to effectively dispose of demolition

More information

Standard Operating Procedure: Waste Management

Standard Operating Procedure: Waste Management Standard Operating Procedure: Waste Management Date: 12/17/2018* Version: 2 Review Frequency: Annual Reasons for Procedure The University of Virginia (UVA) has a permit to operate a Municipal Separate

More information

Integrated on Solid Waste Management in Krong Kampot, Kampot province

Integrated on Solid Waste Management in Krong Kampot, Kampot province Integrated on Solid Waste Management in Krong Kampot, Kampot province Content 1. Background 2. Regulation and Institutional Responsibility 3. Waste Generation and their composition 4. Waste collection

More information

BOMA BEST Sustainable Buildings 3.0 Waste Auditing Requirements

BOMA BEST Sustainable Buildings 3.0 Waste Auditing Requirements BOMA BEST Sustainable Buildings 3.0 Waste Auditing Requirements This document provides the requirements for completing an audit compliant with the BEST Practice. For a more comprehensive description of

More information

CHAPTER 105 SOLID WASTE CONTROL

CHAPTER 105 SOLID WASTE CONTROL CHAPTER 105 SOLID WASTE CONTROL 105.01 Purpose 105.07 Littering Prohibited 105.02 Definitions 105.08 Open Dumping Prohibited 105.03 Sanitary Disposal Required 105.09 Toxic and Hazardous Waste 105.04 Health

More information

Identification of Reduction and Recycling Potential by a Detailed Waste Composition Analysis. Kohei Watanabe

Identification of Reduction and Recycling Potential by a Detailed Waste Composition Analysis. Kohei Watanabe Identification of Reduction and Recycling Potential by a Detailed Waste Composition Analysis Kohei Watanabe Background "Industrialised" (1bil.) Incinerator / Sanitary Landfill in place Resources cheap

More information

WHY UPDATE OUR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN?

WHY UPDATE OUR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN? WHY UPDATE OUR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN? Provincial regulatory requirement Provides direction for solid waste management for the next 10 years Determines how we will reduce, reuse, recycle and manage

More information

GOOEY GARBAGE. Dear Presenter,

GOOEY GARBAGE. Dear Presenter, Dear Presenter, This is a 20 to 25 minute presentation and HANDS-ON activity for approximately 25-30 ten year-old children. You MUST do this activity at home BEFORE you attempt to lead the activity during

More information

Waste Statistics in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi 2009

Waste Statistics in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi 2009 Waste Statistics in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi 2009 February 2011 Waste Statistics in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi 2009 February 2011 w w w. s c a d. a e Contents Foreword 5 Introduction 6 1 Solid Waste in the

More information

Merafong City and Randfontein Municipalities Community Perspectives on Waste Management

Merafong City and Randfontein Municipalities Community Perspectives on Waste Management Merafong City and Randfontein Municipalities Community Perspectives on Waste Management Bongekile Ginindza, Mansoor Mollagee, Edison Muzenda, and Jefrey Pilusa Abstract Solid waste management (SWM) in

More information

JP Halkin, Opportunities in the countries under European Neighbourhood, DCI and EDF instruments. Natural Resources, Head of Unit, DG EuropeAid

JP Halkin, Opportunities in the countries under European Neighbourhood, DCI and EDF instruments. Natural Resources, Head of Unit, DG EuropeAid Opportunities in the countries under European Neighbourhood, DCI and EDF instruments JP Halkin, Natural Resources, Head of Unit, DG 05 December 2006 Summary Definitions Issues and Challenges EU funded

More information

Eco-Schools Waste/Resource Efficiency

Eco-Schools Waste/Resource Efficiency Eco-Schools Waste/Resource Efficiency The Waste/Resource Efficiency topic is very beneficial to your Eco-Schools programme and provides a real practical and measurable way to make your school more environmentally

More information

New concept for the collection and management of wastes collected from households in greater Cairo. Aiman A. Rsheed and Rashwan T.N.

New concept for the collection and management of wastes collected from households in greater Cairo. Aiman A. Rsheed and Rashwan T.N. New concept for the collection and management of wastes collected from households in greater Cairo. Aiman A. Rsheed and Rashwan T.N. Al Mashhour UNESCO-Africa Engineering Week with Africa Engineering Conference

More information

10.0 DISPOSAL OF DEAD ANIMALS AND OTHER FARM WASTES

10.0 DISPOSAL OF DEAD ANIMALS AND OTHER FARM WASTES 10.0 DISPOSAL OF DEAD ANIMALS AND OTHER FARM WASTES Like most business enterprises, every farm produces some type of waste material. Like manure, these waste materials must be disposed of in an environmentally

More information