Energy Efficient Building Envelope Kiev,

Transcription

1 Energy Efficient Building Envelope Kiev, Dr. Ing. R. Himmler energydesign stuttgart Ingenieurgesellschaft mbh Gropiusplatz Stuttgart Germany st.com st.com Seite 1

2 Energy Efficient Pilot Project Ukraine Structure Cooperation Ministry for Construction Ministry for Environment Contracted for Implementation Consultancy Energy Efficient Pilot Project Consultancy Design Working Group Building Design Team m-g-h ingenieure + architekten GmbH stuttgart Seite 2 Building Owner Architect Structural Engineer HVAC Engineer Contractor

3 Objectives of the Energy Efficient Pilot Project Development of energy efficient building concepts during the planning stage and implementation Awarness raising within the relevant national and municipal institutions, associations, chambers and the general public Training and instruction of architects, engineers, municipalities and construction companies Seite 3

4 Building Envelopes Nowadays Berlin Kiev Abu Dhabi Seite 4

5 Hot and Humid Climate Seite 5

6 Cold and Dry Climate Seite 6

7 Traditional Buildings in Ukraine CO 2 neutral energy supply thermal insulation passive shading system sufficient window/wall area Seite 7

8 Energy Balance of a Building Transmission Q S Q T Solar Q V Ventilation Q i Internal Gains Q T Q T Heat Loss - Q V + - η Heat Gains ( Q S Q i ) + = = Q h Q h (Heating Demand) Seite 8

9 Heating Demand Energy Balance Heat Losses Heat Gains = Heating Demand (Q h ) Heating Energy [kwh/m 2 ] Ventilation Q V Transmission Q T 50 % 50 % passivsolar Q S internal Q i 20 % 30 % Nutzbare Gewinne Heating Demand Q h 50 % 0 Source: TU Braunschweig, IGS Seite 9

10 Compact Building Design Surface to Volume Ratio A Area of Building Envelope V Volume of Building Source: TU Braunschweig, IGS Seite 10

11 Kiev, Sherbakova A/V = 0,24 Source: AAA Architects Seite 11

12 Passive solar gains shading N Building Orientation Southwest Southeast Shading Angle 15 avoid high plants (e.g. trees) Seite 12

13 Passive solar gains shading Stepping of Buildings Roof Forms Seite 13

14 Urban City Design Considering Orientation of the Buildings Heating Demand Solar Gains Appartment Area Seite 14

15 Solarisation of Urban Planning Passive House Neighbourhood Ulm SOUTH Seite 15

16 Solarhaus des Sokrates ( v. Chr.) 1 Solar Radiation in Summertime 2 Solar Radiation in Wintertime 3 Terrasse 4 Living Room 5 Storage Room 6 Massiv Walls (Heat Storage) 7 Stone Floor (Heat Storage) Shading Solar Heating Summer in Winter 6 Heating Quelle: M. Trebersprung, Neues Bauen mit der Sonne Seite 16

17 Roller Shutter Examples Advantages: improves thermal comfort reduces cooling demand blinds burglar protection Seite 17

18 Thermal Insulation: Roof, Walls, Floors Seite 18

19 Wall types monolithic thermal insulation composite system light frame construction sandwich Seite 19

20 Comparison of Insulation Standards EnEV Standard Passive House U Value [W/m²K] U Value [W/m²K] Wall 10 cm < 0,45 30 cm < 0,15 also monolithic Roof 16 cm < 0,35 40 cm < 0,1 Windows 2 fach < 1,70 3 fach < 0,8 Seite 20

21 Only Good Quality during the Construction Process Guarantees Good Results! Thermal Insulation Source: StoCretec Source: Hasit Adhesive Wall Q T Q T -15 C 20 C -15 C 20 C 0 C Seite 21

22 Heat Bridges very bad, heat bridges can lead to condensation and mould better optimised solution Seite 22

23 Example: connection wall floor conventional solution improved solution Seite 23

24 Reduce Heat Bridges! Standard Frame covered by insulation Frame shifted into insulation layer Ψ = 0,55 W/(mK) Ψ = 0,12 W/(mK) Ψ = 0,03 W/(mK) Seite 24

25 Heat bridges lead to condensation and mould Seite 25

26 Air Tight Building Envelope Seite 26

27 Which materials are air tight? air tight: plaster concrete steam brake / plastic wood glazing / window frames not air tight: thermal insulation foam insulation brick wall Seite 27

28 Example for damaged steam brake Seite 28

29 Quality Control during Design, Construction and Commissioning concept design comissioning construction Seite 29

30 Blower Door Test n 50 limit defined by German standard DIN 4108 pressure difference: 50 Pa leakage ventilator Seite 30

31 Thermography for Quality Control of the Facade Seite 31

32 Summary adapt the building envelope to the climate plan compact buildings with low A/V ratio increase passive solar heat gains through windows with south orientation don t forget sun shading and passive cooling strategies, avoid HVAC thoroughly plan a thermal insulation and air tightness strategy pay attention to construction details (heat bridges, air leakage) teach the craftsmen and carry our construction site inspections check the building quality with blower door tests or thermography Seite 32

33 Thank you for your attention! Heat Pump Workshop: Seite 33