Presentation on Renewable Energy Sources & Storage. By Sachin Shridhar, MD, Starlit Group

Transcription

1 Presentation on Renewable Energy Sources & Storage By Sachin Shridhar, MD, Starlit Group

2 PRESENTATION FLOW Review of Renewable Energy proposals around the world: Where are the most exciting markets? What are the estimated capacities? When will the impact on lead be felt? How are Indian government initiatives pushing this market forward?

3 Review of renewable energy proposals around the world: where are the most exciting markets?

4 Source Ren-21 Global Status Report 2013 Traditional biomass refers to solid biomass that is combusted in inefficient, and usually polluting, open fires, stoves, or furnaces to provide heat energy for cooking, comfort, and small-scale agricultural and industrial processing, typically in rural areas of developing countries. Traditional biomass currently plays a critical role in meeting rural energy demand in much of the developing world. Modern bioenergy is defined as energy derived efficiently from solid, liquid, and gaseous biomass fuels for modern applications.

5 Renewable Power Capacities in World,EU, BRICS and Top 6 Countries (Installed Capacity in Giga-watts) Source: Renewables Global Status Report Ren21 Global Status Report 2013

6 GLOBAL TRENDS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT in $BN Source: UNEP, Bloomberg New Energy Finance

7 Source: Renewables Global Status Report Ren21 Global Status Report 2013

8 Global Energy Access Scenario Globally 1.3 billion people (around 20% of Global population) do not have electricity to light their homes or conduct business Share of Population (%) without Access to Electricity

9 Global Energy Access Scenario Contd.. Further, around 3 billion people rely entirely or to a large degree, on traditional biomass for cooking and heating Share of Population (%) Relying on Traditional Biomass for cooking

10 What are the estimated capacities?

11 Global Scenario of Wind Power

12 Market Forecasts Wind Energy ( By Region) Source: Global Wind energy Outlook Scenario 2013

13 World Solar Scenario Total Installed Capacity : >100 GW Major Countries (72% of installed capacity) Germany : 32.5 GW Italy : 17.0 GW China : 8.0 GW United States : 8.2 GW Japan : 6.7 GW

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16 Global PV Installation Projections Residential sector continue to be the major part along with large scale utility power plants Source: IEA, 2010

17 When will the Impact on Lead be Felt?

18 RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE PROBLEMS Storage essential for grid-stability and load balancing

19 RENEWABLE ENERGY CASE FOR LARGE STORAGE BATTERIES Large Capacities in Solar and Wind coming up all over Storage possible both at Producer s end and Consumer s end Intermittency of production and impossibility of scheduling/forecasting demand from Grid creates a strong case for storage both at Producer s and consumer s end. eg. In India Tamil nadu: estimated 10-20% wind power is wasted. In developed countries most renewable go to grid but scenario likely to change. Governments encouraging storage at consumer's end. Germany 35,000mw solar with 71% rooftop, Italy 18000MW if 50% goes to batteries for localized capture & distribution and if 50% of it is catered to by Lead, the impact on lead will be immense (over 2.25 millon MT ) in these two countries alone.

20 RENEWABLE ENERGY CASE FOR LARGE STORAGE BATTERIES contd. In poor countries the possibilities are even greater High capital costs of laying grid connectivity in low per capita consuming spread out areas Off-grid solutions and micro grids becoming important Low capital cost of LAB and salvage value credit on replacement remains a main driver which will sustain demand. Longevity of battery, Cycle costs and sophistication of batteries are of lesser importance in rural areas. Weight and robustness of the LAB to advantage in terms of value perception So LAB for some time to remain the trusted technology in less developed parts of the world till major cost breakthroughs come up.

21 Techno-Commercial Analysis for Different Types of Batteries

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23 Flow Battery (VRB) Li-Ion Battery Lead Acid Battery

24 What does it all add up to? Lead will continue to play a role in storage of renewables Bigger fillip to come if the Developed world Government's push for Storage at Consumer s end. Greater role in Lesser Developed cost conscious countries to cotinue Large number of off-grid storage based business models to come up in future. Lead industry will do well to protect its turf by moving from pure commodity play to partnering in these off grid models of supply and distribution

25 Indications for future Challenge from flow batteries in terms of cost may become very real in coming 2-4 years. Pace of innovation and research in Flow and Li based solutions appears far greater than in Lead Perception of lead viz a viz LI, Ni, Cd, Bromine based solutions still one more of pollutant and the recyclability story still under-told.

26 How are Indian Government Initiatives pushing this Market Forward?

27 Indian Power Sector Power Installed Capacity = GW 13% 2% 17% Thermal Hydro Nuclear Renewables 68% Thermal 1,55,969 MW Hydro 39,788 MW Nuclear 4,780 MW Renewable 29,535 MW Total 2,30,072 MW

28 Renewable Power Capacity (29,535 MW) 7% 13% Wind Small Hydro 13% Bio mass 67% Solar Wind Small Hydro Solar Biomass Total 19,881 MW 3,727 MW 2150 MW 3,777 MW 29,535 MW

29 Renewable Energy Targets Programme Targets 1. Grid-interactive Renewable Power(MW) 30, Off-grid/ Distributed Renewable Power (MWe) 3, Decentralized Renewable Power Biogas Plants (million) 0.7 Improved Cookstoves (million) Solar Thermal Collector Area (mill. sq.m) 6.0

30 Investment Requirements Targets proposed for would require an investment of around US $ 48.7 bn I US $ = 62 INR Application area Total Investment (US $ bn) Grid-connected Power 33.2 Off-Grid Power 4.6 Decentralized Applications 1.2 Support Infrastructure 9.7 Total 48.7

31 Lead Requirement Per MW in a Battery Bank (A Case Study) For 96 V 2000 AH Solar Battery Bank ( At C 10 Rating) Around 240 Cells of 2 V, 400 AH each are required ( 48 Sets of 5 cells each => (48x5)=240) Lead required Per Cell? S.No. Description Quantity (Nos.) Weight per plate ( 240 mm Plate) Lead Required (Kg) 1. Positive Plate (Tubular) gm or.55 Kg (With Red Oxide Blend) Negative Plate (Flat) gm or 0.44 Kg (Dry Plate) Top Lead 1 4. % 0.34 Total Lead Required (Kg) (Approx) No. of Cells Required for 1 MW or 1000 KW Battery Bank Cells. Lead Required for 1 MW Battery Bank Cells x11.64 Kg Per Cell = Kg or 145 MT Approx.

32 Lead Requirement : Indicative Projection For Solar Program 1 MW therefore will need battery bank consuming 145 MT Lead

33 Let us take one example of say India : 3400 MW off grid solar power capacity addition proposed Lead demand 145 x 3400 MW = 5,00,00 MT (0.5 million MT) Spread evenly over 5 years means annual demand of 1,00,000 MT (0.1 million MT) India total lead demand (organized sector) 0.5 Million MT This means 0.10/0.5 = 20% additional demand from Solar Add secular macro trend of overall growing 6-8% We are looking at 26-28% growth in Lead demand with renewable being the key Add to this storage in wind and other Private sector off-grid initiatives out of the radar of the Government and the picture gets bigger

34 Impact Second Phase of the National Solar Mission till % capital subsidy on all renewable installations 90%!! On micro-grids for rural electrification Coal and Hydro based solutions have inherent problems with mining, environment clearances, limitation of coal etc. A big positive for PV in a warm sunny country like India Secular trend of growing solarization coupled with localized storage at the consumer or micro-grid operator end to continue. Pre-charged Solar lamps, fans, chargers etc. many innovations addressing local needs being scaled up and commercialized. Over all boost for lead in the rural and semi-urban markets.

35 Welspun Solar MP (P) Ltd. 105 MW Solar PV Plant at Neemuch, Madhya Pradesh

36 Welspun Solar 105 MW Solar PV Plant at Neemuch, Madhya Pradesh

37 SPV Power Plant at Goshen Drass Kargil (40 kwp) 3200 mts above MSL

38 THANK YOU