Are micro-porous pipes able to eliminate environmental concerns when installing intakes? Anthony T. Jones, Ph.D.

Transcription

1 Are micro-porous pipes able to eliminate environmental concerns when installing intakes? Anthony T. Jones, Ph.D.

2 Agenda The Context The Problem A Solution Describe Neodren Neodren installation Neodren performance A Test Plan

3 The Challenge Global freshwater consumption rose six fold between 1900 and more than twice the rate of population growth. About one third of the world's population already lives in countries considered to be 'water stressed' - that is, where consumption exceeds 10% of total supply. If present trends continue, two out of every three people on Earth will live in that condition by Kofi Annan We The Peoples, 2000 Slide 3

4 Impact Global Risk Landscape 2018 Likelihood

5 Distribution of Water Scarcity Slide 5

6 Fig. 2 Annual average monthly blue water scarcity at arc min resolution. Mesfin M. Mekonnen, and Arjen Y. Hoekstra Sci Adv 2016;2:e Published by AAAS

7 CALIFORNIA SEAWATER DESALINATION Existing Facilities 11 New/Expanded Facilities 8

8 STATE OCEAN PLAN The Desalination Amendment.. requires new or expanded seawater desalination plants to use the best available, site, design, technology, and mitigation measures feasible to minimize intake and mortality of all forms of marine life.

9 FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE INTAKE TECHNOLOGY Geotechnical data, Hydrogeology, Benthic topography, Oceanography conditions, Sensitive habitats or sensitive species, Energy for the entire facility, Design constraints

10 Leave the fish in the sea

11 Design Rationale Provide a reliable source of seawater at the required quantity and quality Lowest Total Water Cost over the lifetime of the project (CAPEX, OPEX) Environmental issues typically associated with intakes (Impingement and Entrainment)

12 Installation Procedure HDD machinery Seabed Cementing (sealing) of annular space Productive section of drain End cap 12

13 Multiple Lateral Drains

14 NEODREN SYSTEMS IN SPAIN

15 Neodren intakes at operating seawater desalination facilities Location in Spain Year No. Lateral Drains Filter Section (ft) Plant Capacity (MGD) San Pedro del Pinatar , Cabo Cope , Águilas , Tordera Alicante II ,

16 Benefits Overall lower life-cycle costs Lower energy costs Less complex pretreatment design Higher quality feedwater for RO system SDI, TSS, microbial activity, TOC, Small environmental footprint No impingement No entrainment No mitigated costs for fish mortality

17 Engineering Study 17

18 San Pedro del Pinatar Year: 2003 Client: PRIDESA - ABENGOA Ф 355mm (13.97 in.) Total length: m (30,150 ft.) Filter length: 4545m (14,900 ft.) Geology: permeable fractured rock material Total capacity: 2000 L/s (31,700 gpm) Specific capacity: 0.44 L/s/m (2.12 gpm/ft) Number of drains: 20 18

19 The SDI before the sand filters is below 4... Source: Malfeito, J. & Jimenez, A. (2005)

20 Águilas, Murcia, Spain Client: Comunidad de Regantes de Águilas Tube Ø: 400 mm (15.75 in.) Length: 1495 m (4905 ft.) Filter section: 771 m (2530 ft.) Geology: Calcarenite and conglomerate Flow Rate per drain: 119 l/s (1886 gpm) Total Flow Rate: 345 l/s (5468 gpm) Specific Flow Rate: 0.44 l/s/m (2.11 gpm/ft). Number of drains: 3 Executed: March 2006

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22 Performance Data Drain 1 Drain 2 Drain 3 Total length (m) (ft) Filter length (m) (ft) Pipe diameter (mm) (in) Data courtesy Comunidad de Regantes de Águilas

23 951 gpm 1.4 MGD 1535 AF/YR Data courtesy Comunidad de Regantes de Águilas

24 1.2 gpm/ft Data courtesy Comunidad de Regantes de Águilas

25 La Tordera Client: Agència Catalana de l Aigua Tube Ø 450 mm (17.7 in.) Length: 450 m (1476 ft.) Filter section: 204 m (669 ft.) Geology Medium sand Flow Rate per drain 80 l/s (1268 gpm) Specific Flow Rate 0.36 l/s/m (1.7 gpm) Number of Drains 1 Executed July 2007

26 Bacteria Analysis at La Tordera (Spain) Parameter Coliform Bacteria (ufc/100 ml) E. Coli (ufc/100 ml) Aerobic count 22 (ufc/ml) Values Avg. Min. Max. SW NF SW 18 1 >50 NF SW NF 6 <2 37 SW is seawater and NF is Neodren Filtrate

27 INTAKE TEST PROGRAM Side-by-Side Comparison subsea intake open ocean intake. Water Quality Analysis 12-month program Examine feed water quality Feasibility for 50 MGD plant

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29 FLOAT-AND-SINK METHOD

30 DESIGN 3-pipe bundle Subsea intake: 1,140 SDR 11, 8 HDPE; 60 of microporous pipe Open ocean intake: 1200 SDR 11, 8 HDPE Discharge return pipe section: 1200 SDR 7.3, 3 HDPE Bore route is 1,200 in length

31 GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS A mobile sediment layer near the coast in the surf zone extends offshore 1000 ft into 30 ft water depth. young alluvial deposit some dredged fill / remnants of a sand spit underlying deposits are Pleistocene in age and reflect coastal deposition. a 50-ft bore at the project site on the beach.

32 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Bottom currents < 30 cm/s Averaged 5 cm/s for -30 ft water depth. Wave surges from historical data evaluate minimum depth for safe diving operations. Marine operations restricted to non-storm periods. 5-day weather forecasts to assess when to start marine operations.

33 MICRO-POROUS PIPE Highly porous Porosity 35 % Inert material Sintered HDPE Pores 120 µm Ave. Cut-Off 60 µm

34 SCANNING MICROGRAPH

35 Strong, durable, flexible and lightweight Long-term service life (> 50 years) Highly-resistant to corrosion, abrasion and chemicals High radius of curvature Seismic resistance

36 CONTINUOUS MONITORING Subsea Intake T S ph UV A NTU ORP DO SCCOOS Less Variable Less Variable Shift toward 7.0 Low Value <1.0 Reduced Reduced

37 WEEKLY MONITORING Subsea Intake SDI 15 SCCOOS Significantly < SEMI-MONTHLY MONITORING TOC Reduced

38 MONTHLY MONITORING Subsea Intake TDS Chl a E. coli Enterococcus EEM SCCOOS Less Variable Extremely low Non-existent Non-existent Lower

39 QUARTERLY MONITORING Subsea Intake N Si Fe Al As SCCOOS Lower Lower = or slightly elevated TRIANNUALLY MONITORING Reduced Reduced

40 Summary A technology for executing seawater intakes by means of horizontal directional drilling drains installed below the seabed The output is low-turbid water that can be used for desalination plants. 22,300m of Neodren Intakes (73,200 ft 13.8 miles)

41 CONCLUSION Subsurface microporous pipes installed with HDD is to be installed in Southern California. Test feasibility, water quality, and costs compared conventional open ocean intake. Results will impact future decisions. We anticipate superior water and lower of life cycle costs.

42 Leave the fish in the sea

43 Anthony T. Jones,