Red River Valley Drainage Water Management Demonstration Project

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1 Red River Valley Drainage Water Management Demonstration Project Aaron Janz, Margaret Wagner, Jeppe Kjaersgaard Minnesota Department of Agriculture Drainage Research Forum November 23, 2015

2 Project Partners Collaborating Landowners Jemco-Maxair Electric Motors

3 Objectives I Demonstrate the benefits of drainage water management (DWM) on water quality and quantity Demonstrate the impacts of subsurface DWM practices to address water quality issues resulting from normal farming practices, Demonstrate the potential for storing water in the landscape for subsequent beneficial use and flood mitigation, Conduct water flow and water quality monitoring to demonstrate the impact of the DWM practices,

4 Objectives II Increase the acceptance and adoption of DWM by private landowners within the Red River Basin, Form a coalition of project partners to participate in the project.

5 Background Target area: Red River Valley Local partners Wilkin SWCD Collaborator Industry support Agency support

6 Cropland that would benefit from drainage and has slope < 0.5% Source: Dan Jaynes, USDA-ARS Slide courtesy Chris Hay, SDSU

7

8 Timeline 12/2014: Agreement between NRCS and MDA to demonstrate benefits of drainage water management (DWM) 01/2015: Red River Valley chosen as project location 03/2015: Collaborator identified 05/2015: Design options and cost estimates 06/2015: Soil analysis completed, design selected 08/2015: Contracts signed, equipment ordered (phase 1) 09-10/2015: Installation completed (phase 1)

9 Practices

10 Conservation drainage toolkit

11 Controlled Drainage Graphic by Ecosystem Services Exchange

12 Drainage Water Reuse Nutrients

13 Saturated buffer Graphics: Dan Jaynes USDA ARS

14 Project Sites

15 Project Location

16 Two Sites Section 16 Controlled Drainage (Phase 1) Water Storage Reservoir and Subirrigation (Phase 2) Section 24 Controlled Drainage Saturated Buffer

17 Section 16

18 Section farmed acres Corn-soybean rotation with occasional wheat Surface ditches No subsurface drainage 0.18% slope (E -> W) Silty clay loam Field edge Grassed buffer Swale Homestead

19 Section 16 Buffer

20 Section 16 Topography

21

22 No tiles Control structure Flume (surface runoff) (location of the flumes to be confirmed in the field after land leveling) Lift station F1 Conventional drainage F2 Storage pond Controlled drainage and subirrigation C2 C3 C1 F3 C4 C5 C6

23 Installation 45 ft. spacing 4 in. tiles Mains and submains are non-perforated DC ~ 0.5 in/24 hr Grade ~ 0.15% Surface ditches removed (smoothed)

24 Work Completed Subsurface drains installed Control structures installed Sump and pump installed Land smoothing completed (south onethird)

25 Work Not Completed Monitoring equipment (sched. fall 2015 (?)) Storage reservoir (sched. summer 2016) Surface runoff structures (sched. summer 2016) Land smoothing on north portion (sched. fall 2016)

26 Work Not Completed Subirrigation modeling Final design of storage reservoir Tile flow Crop water needs Economic analysis Surface runoff monitoring stations Board settings in control structures

27 Monitoring Subsurface water Flow (drainage and irrigation) Nitrate-N and DP Surface runoff Flow Sediment, nitrate-n, TP, Soil moisture and temperature Precipitation, air temp. and humidity Soil sampling for N, P, OM, salts

28 Tile Flow Data from 160 ac field 2 miles away, very fine sandy loam Water Year Observed Rainfall (in) 30-yr normal (in)* Observed subsurface drainage (in) *From Rothsay, MN approx 8.5 miles to the northeast The average from the NDAWN Wahpeton is ~ 20 in

29 Tile Flow Data from 160 ac field 45 miles to the north, silty clay loam Calendar Year Observed Rainfall (in) 30-yr normal (in) Observed subsurface drainage (in) Observed surface runoff (in)

30 Reference ET data Reference Evapotranspiration, mm/day NDAWN Wahpeton, ND 2002 Tall (Etr) and Short (Eto) Reference Evapotranspiration, ASCE-EWRI Standardized Penman-Monteith Day of Year ETr ETo

31

32 Section 24

33 Section farmed acres Corn-soybean rotation with occasional wheat Surface ditches No subsurface drainage 0.2% slope (E -> W)

34 Section 24 Waterway

35 Section 24 Topography

36 Section 24 soil (SSURGO)

37 Section 24 Soil Profile

38 Silt loam Sand Clay

39 Section 24 Layout Control structure Outlet Sat. buffer obs. wells Saturated buffer Piezometer Soil Type Boundaries (NRCS SSURGO)

40

41 Installation 60 ft. spacing 4 in. tiles w. textile Mains are non-perforated DC ~ 3/8 in/24 hr Grade ~ 0.15% Surface ditches removed (smoothed)

42 Work Completed Subsurface drains installed Control structures installed Saturated buffer completed Land smoothing completed

43 Work Not Completed Monitoring equipment (sched. fall 2015 (?))

44 Monitoring Subsurface water Flow Nitrate-N and DP Saturated buffer Flow Water level in buffer Nitrate-N Depth to saturation Precipitation, air temp. and humidity Soil sampling for N, P, OM, salts

45 Project Partners Collaborating Landowners Jemco-Maxair Electric Motors

46 Jeppe Kjaersgaard Minnesota Department of Agriculture

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