Energy Sustainability Challenges in Asia-Pacific Opportunities for Regional Cooperation. Sergey Tulinov December 2013

Transcription

1 Energy Sustainability Challenges in Asia-Pacific Opportunities for Regional Cooperation Sergey Tulinov December 2013

2 EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE Asia and the Pacific Post-2015 Sustainable Development Agenda

3 EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE 628 million people in Asia and the Pacific lack access to electricity.

4 Human Development Index 2010 EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE Access to Electricity and Human Development, 2010 y = x R 2 = 0.71 Korea, DPR Cambodia Timor-Leste Afghanistan Myanmar Bangladesh Lao PDR Pakistan Indonesia India Mongolia Nepal Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Iran, IR Vietnam Malaysia Brunei Darussalam Rural and Urban Electrification Rates, 2010 China Access to Electricity (% of Population) Singapore Rural electrification rate % Urban electrification rate %

5 EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE 1.8 billion people in Asia and the Pacific still use traditional biomass. 1.3 million people in Asia and the Pacific are estimated to die each year from indoor air pollution.

6 Kg of oil equivalent per 1,000 dollars GDP (2005 PPP) Grams per 1 dollar GDP (2005 PPP) EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE 450 Global Regional Primary Energy Intensity 900 Global Regional Carbon Intensity Asia-Pacific Asia-Pacific developing economies Asia-Pacific developed economies Africa Latin America and Carib. North America Europe

7 Global Competitiveness Index, 1-7 EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE 6 Energy Efficiency and Global Competitiveness, Singapore Japan Hong Kong, China Australia 5 China Korea, Rep. New Zealand Malaysia Nepal Kyrgyzstan Viet Nam Iran, IR Mongolia Tajikistan Kazakhstan Cambodia Pakistan Indonesia India Russian Federation Thailand Georgia Bangladesh Azerbaijan Sri Lanka Armenia Brunei Darussalam Philippines y = x R²=0.54 Turkey Energy Efficiency Factor

8 Brunei Darussalam Azerbaijan Mongolia Australia Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Russian Fed. Indonesia Iran, IR Myanmar Papua New Guinea Bhutan Uzbekistan Malaysia DPR Korea Viet Nam Lao PDR New Zealand China Nepal Bangladesh Pakistan India Cambodia Tajikistan Thailand Philippines Sri Lanka Solomon Islands Kiribati Georgia Samoa Kyrgyzstan Vanuatu Armenia Fiji Turkey Japan Korea, Rep. Micronesia, FS Niue Cook Islands Singapore Tonga Hong Kong, China Palau Marshall Islands Nauru % Above or below self sufficiency 500% EQUITY EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE 400% Energy Self-Sufficiency in Asia and the Pacific 300% 200% 100% Self Sufficient 0% -100%

9 EQUITY Asian Energy Highway EFFICIENCY RESILIENCE Selected Asia-Pacific Multilateral Cross-Border Power Interconnections CASA 1000 SAARC Market for Electricity (part of SAARC Energy Ring) GMS Power Market ASEAN Power Grid Asia-Pacific Renewable Energy Resources

10 ASIAN AND PACIFIC ENERGY FORUM 35 Participating countries from Asia-Pacific: Afghanistan Fiji Kyrgyzstan Nepal Sri Lanka Armenia India Lao PDR Pakistan Tajikistan Bangladesh Indonesia Maldives Palau Tonga Bhutan Iran Marshall Islands Philippines Tuvalu Cambodia Japan Myanmar South Korea USA China Kazakhstan Mongolia Russian Federation Vanuatu DPRK Kiribati Nauru Samoa Viet Nam

11 Outcomes of APEF I. Ministerial declaration on regional cooperation for enhanced energy security and the sustainable use of energy in Asia and the Pacific II. Plan of Action on regional cooperation for enhanced energy security and the sustainable use of energy in Asia and the Pacific,

12 Plan of Action - Plan of action presents the regional vision for cooperation on enhanced energy security and the sustainable use of energy An Asia and the Pacific where: Sustainable energy for all is a reality Enhanced energy security is present from regional to household levels An energy future of equity, diversification and access to all is secured The share of cleaner energies in the overall energy mix is increased - contains initiatives addressing more specific needs of the diverse Asia-Pacific region and its sub regions - supports the implementation of the Declaration - facilitates continuous dialogue and cooperation among member States on the energy issues

13 Proposed areas for action A. Establishment of a platform for facilitating continuous dialogue and cooperation among ESCAP member States on enhanced energy security and the sustainable use of energy B. Work towards universal access to modern energy services C. Advance the development and use of new and renewable sources of energy D. Improve energy efficiency and conservation and observe sustainability in the supply, distribution and consumption of energy E. Diversify the energy mix and enhance energy security F. Improve energy trade and investment opportunities to optimize the development and utilization of current and emerging energy resources

14 Proposed areas for action G. Improve fiscal policy and financing mechanisms to incentivize and strengthen markets for sustainable energy H. Improve energy statistics and facilitate data and information sharing I. Minimize the environmental impact of the energy sector J. Promote more efficient and cleaner use of oil K. Promote the efficient and clean use of coal L. Promote expanded production, trade and use of natural gas as a low-emission fuel M. Promote the development of advanced energy technologies; N. Develop common infrastructure and harmonized energy policies with a view to increasing regional economic integration O. Promote capacity-building, education and knowledge-sharing in the field of energy

15 Review and assessment - Periodic review of the progress made based on information provided by members and associate members on a voluntary basis, as well as by collaborating international organizations - Report submitted to the second Asian and Pacific Energy Forum, to be held not later than 2018

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